Bismuth - Periodic Table of Videos
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- Опубликовано: 12 авг 2008
- A new Bismuth video, including a better sample of Bimuth crystal and some information about its radioactivity.
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Bismuth is great.
oh yes
It wouldn’t win in decaying any% though!
hmm yeah i wonder where that opinion came from
7 years ago???
🤘🏼
Bismuth, the first non-toxic radioactive element that is an iridescent work of art.
+thebestofall007 Bismuth is not radioactive.
+Clyde Wary It's an alpha emitter, so it is radioactive.
Bismuth is slightly radioactive. Not many people know that.
Def Leppard Rocks That's understandable as it's half life is like 19×10^18 (2×10^18 more or 2×10^18 less)
iridescence just too gorgeous..!
Awesome! 5/5! I've always wondered about Bismuth... It does decay by Alpha decay, and is weakly radioactive. It's most stable and natural isotope is Bismuth-209, and therefore it will decay to Thallium-205 by 2.9x10^19, which is A VERY LONG Half-Life! It can be used to make crystals called Bismuth Germanate (BGO for short), which are used as scintillation crystals (colorless) , mainly to detect X-Rays, and will glow a bluish-green color under X-Radiation wavelengths. Keep Up The Good Work!
How's it goin
Oh
bismuth has to be my very favourite element. i love how dence it is but lead took the glory, how beautiful it is in pyrotechnics, and how beautifully mathmatic looking in its crystal form, with alll its right angles and majestic luster.
Was a little disappointed the 2nd version is also 12 years old!
Given the brilliant Bismuth crystal videos viralling around, would truly appreciate if the folks in Periodic Videos would consider making a third updated version.
Stay safe and healthy everyone!
There should be a update on Bismuth.
Another use for Bismuth (which might have originated after this video) is Bismuth based solder. It's quite common to make solder paste by alloying it with Tin. This will give you a lead-free solder which melts at around 140C, which means you can solder at much lower temperatures than usual (lead-based solder requires almost 200C and mainly tin-based solder requires almost 300C).
I'm a bit disappointed that they didn't demonstrate its diamagnetic properties.
***** this is a chemistry channel. they don't have to demonstrate elements' physical properties.
Stanley Li Yeah, but it's so cool.
+Lt. Daffy I bought some bismuth years back so I could see it's diamagnetic properties (which now that I think about it is kinda weird). Its definitely there, but it's a very weak property.
+Mike Bruhh nice bait
Lt. Daffy aren't like, most materials, slightly diamagnetic?
After the heat death of the universe, I'd like to imagine that all that remains is just chunks of the bismuth isotope floating around and nothing else.
But, then it wouldn't have reached heat-death because entropy is not at its maximum...
Heat death comes way after the half life cycle of bismuth.
@@uncommonsense360 there would be a little bit of it left
it may have a half life but you can devide by 2 more than once the thery may be possible
Kyle Lauzon Heat death is estimated to take place about 10^120 years from now. The half life of bismuth is 10^19 years, so that's about 10 googles of half lives, give or take a few orders of magnitude. After that amount of time, the odds of a single atom of bismuth remaining even in the entire universe is incredibly small. You'd be just as likely to randomly shuffle a deck of cards into perfect order by accident.
You forgot Schrödinger’s cats... they’ll all be floating around as they have from the beginning of time...
It would be a nice idea to extend this video. Nano-particles of Bismuth show very strange behavour. Below perticle size of 9.2nm (can be made by a procipitation reaction from BiI3) it becomes a strong topological isolator - at room temperature to up to transition tamperature of 63.3°C. A layer with 1µm thickness can withstand a breakthrough voltage of up to 2'350 VDC and the Epsilon-r is about 4.2E6. Together with graphene as a electrodes, one could build capacitors with extremly high energy density. No binder is required, to form a capacitor, since Van-der Waals force is strong enough to keek two MgZn-electrodes in place. Additionally, such nano-bismuth belongs to the the most black materials. It even beats Vantablack.
Great playlist. I had a dream about making a series about all the element, but this is good.
I just got a sample of bismuth for my collection, and so far, I have 13 of the 82 or so stable enough elements, I love your channel, keep up with the great videos
so , how's your collection now ??
You don't know your chemistry if you think there are 82 stable elements. If you consider all before bismuth(83) you'd think that it's 82 elements, but technetium(43) and promethium(61) are radioactive.
Mind your own Bismuth
Hahahahahahalhaha Find the difference
I love it
Yes
Arthur Dent Steven fans joined the chat
are you Mike Tyson?
I want to go into chemistry, and I believe working with Bismuth seems interesting. Obviously, I have next to no knowledge on it, but the crystals are very pretty. I love your videos and I think that they are great for getting people interested in chemistry!
I was already interested in chemistry before this. If people need RUclips videos to realise chemistry is amazing, then that's sad.
Let's get down to Bismuth!
Bismuth is also cool since it is part of a group of substances where the liquid phase is heavier than the solid phase (like water). Also pepto-bismol is pretty damn awesome when you have any kind of digestive problem XD
I've noticed this subconsciously, but now I just chuckle every time because you are so right.
i love these shows, keep it up
Video Quality 11 Years Ago:
Security Camera Quality Today:
We're back in bismuth
I bet I could take a dump in the toilet, Pete would come in and look at it, and say "So, we have a lovely brown mass of fecal matter, just look at how it floats beautifully in the murky brown water...we have bits of toilet paper floating around it...they wiped quite nicely, you can see how the beautiful brown streaks contrast nicely with the white paper. Lovely! So, if we can fish it out of the water here we can take a closer look...oh look at how soft it is, the squishiness of it feels marvelous, oozing between my fingers. A really exquisite mass of fiber and bacteria I have here. We'll just put it back now into the water, see how wonderful the water splashes when we put it back. Amazing!!".
you are so disgusting.. 😂😂😂😂
This is the first comment that I am tempted to save a copy of.
I'm intrigued why did u write this comment
@@sabirinamdar6781 hes just being fecetious
He would 1st have a spool of stool wire 1st !
Great camera view!
It's been years since I've seen this video. Coming back I expected a bunch of SU spam. I am disappointed in you guys.
'Tis shameful.
The edit history for the Wikipedia article is equally disappointing.
At least you would mind your own bismuth
Excellent educational video. Subscribed.
Bismuth is used in product called Pepto-Bismol which taken for upset stomachs.
Much like you don't really meet with Jersey shore characters in real life, you don't have to meet an element in it's raw form to know what sort of Bonds it makes, and what reactions it takes part in, and what jobs it has for humans. So, The Professor is just.. as any scientist, really a master of one specific subdivision of a subdivision of chemistry. Him knowing so much about fields that are not his specialty is still a good bonus for the viewers, and probably when he's ''data-mining''
Woods' metal is used for safety-plugging pressurised gas canisters so that if they should encounter fire, they will vent rather than explode. Which really has a very spectacular effect if the gas within the canister happens to be oxygen. 22 litres of O2 at 2000 psi, suddenly added to a fire, will take it from "minor localised fire" to "house fully involved" in about 30 seconds. No, really, I've seen this happen once, it was very dramatic and rather startling even to the firefighters who didn't dare enter the house because they knew the canister was in there.
I love this show and all hail to Nottingham University
Blends well with the background
"...to make chemistry go a little bit more selectively." love that
yey for new versions : )
one of my favourite elements
NICE! Bismuth is actually radioactive. It's half-life is so long, OcarinaTycoon in the 2nd highest rated comment has the half-life. It's so long, that it's treated stable, and it has no radioactive daughter isotopes like U-238 for example. It decays to the toxic thallium-205, which is stable, but Bi-209 (100% natural in abundance) decays by alpha particle emission. The Tl-205 content is so miniscule in the decay of Bi-209. It also is the most diamagnetic element. It also has almost no toxicity.
Given that bismuth is radioactive can we calculate a critical mass for it? Maybe the size of a few stars or black holes could cause criticality?
Awesome vid, practice with manual focusing of the camera, it'll do wonders for focusing in on little things!
Wow this video will be two decades old shortly
I use a small percentage of Indium in my Bismuth crystals , seems to help with oxidisation
pete loves his samples
Bismuth is my favorite element.
really quite excited
Bismuth is in fact a pretty element. Madame Debbie has caught my thoughts and eye with this one though. Excellent lecture and wish I could go to school there..
fla playa _''Madame Debbie has caught my thoughts _*_and eye_*_ with this one though.''_
Yeah, beautiful crystal isn't it? Think it was green or something...
meaturama Really? I'd be the star chemistry student and wouldn't worry too much about poor marks. lol
Anyone in the comments who gave extra scientific background information on Bismuth; You guys rock! ((I am using them to finish my Chem Assessment)
So saying that Bismuth is radioactive is pedantically correct... the best kind of correct!
I think I have a reasonable understanding of the concept of metastability, but I would love to hear more about it.
What happens to a bismuth crystal over a period of 2x10^19 years then? Because the thallium likely won't want to remain in the same crystal structure. So what happens to the crystal, assuming you could keep it from oxidizing among other problems.
83 protons? Flippin heck that's heavy
Hey, I have a crystal of Bismuth. When I first got it it reflected all kinds of vibrant colors, blues and yellows and purples and greens. But now (it's been a little over a year since I got it), it's starting to become more silver and the vibrant colors seems to have faded some. This seems odd to me, as from what I understand the colors are caused by oxidation, and it still being exposed to oxygen all the time, shouldn't it stay that way?
Das erfüllt mich mit Bismuth-Missmut
I have a little piece of this stuff and I have to admit it does look cool
It is also used as a "lead free" alternative in hunting, using shot shells.
In my organic lab we use bismuth(III) compounds as catalysts to undergo selective reactions in organic chemistry that are more chemically green than other reactions!
I've read that bismuth reacts with sulfur by turning black, so when you take Pepto Bismol before or after eating something with sulfur in it don't panic. On that note what foods are high in sulfur?
I've got a bit of a Bismuth-oxide crystal myself, neat kind of step pyramidal formations.
In machine shops they used to use a lubricant called white lead it is 90% lead oxide and 10% linseed oil. the lubricant was used for operations where the lubricant wouldn't squeeze out under pressure. so my question would be weather or not bismuth being less toxic than lead could replace lead in this compound.
+Joseph Eirman I'm not sure. I know that bismuth oxide is a powder like you'd need to mix the linseed oil, but I'm not sure how well it would lubricate machines compared to white lead. I'd say try it out if you could, but if it goes wrong that could turn out to be a pretty expensive experiment xD
0`21 Fantastic sample.
Cool video great video keep it up
I hope you make a do-over of this video containing this element.
Bismuth is also highly diamagnetic -- it always opposes magnetic fields, and therefore, moving electrons.
Zinc oxide exhibits very high photoelectric sensitivity when exposed to UV light, releasing large quantities of electrons.
And magnesium has a spectrum high in UV range.
The Roswell wreckage consisted largely of an alloy of zinc, magnesium, and BISMUTH!
My favorite element.
Hey guys, I've got a question for you. I personally like to play with bismuth and its crystal formations, but over time I've accumulated kind of allot of bismuth oxide that inevitably forms when you melt it down. I searched around, and supposedly if you heat up the bismuth oxide to the point that it melts, and have carbon in there, I'll get bismuth back as well as some carbon dioxide or monoxide (which one doesn't really matter to me, this will be done outside regardless). Does that sound about right to you? I know it's easier to simply buy more, but for the sake of chemistry I'd like to try it.
+The5thorseman It should work.
Wow this is so amazing!
I understand Bismuth is less toxic than similar metals such as lead. However, could prolonged exposure to this harm you? I have searched and found little info on this matter.
(Looking for an alternative material for wedding band.)
I was just wondering, for the purpose of curiousity, that since Bismuth (however minimal this may be) technically is mildly radioactive, what element then to this day is the next most dense material that is yet to be proven in any form radioactive?
Small formality: atomic mass is not directly related to density. Density often depends more on the structure of the crystal lattice. Osmium and Iridium are much more dense than bismuth despite having lighter nuclei, for example.
Lead 208 would be next in the line.
Does anyone know a website that sells bismuth samples to the U.S.?
It's always "packaged quite nicely" and "really quite a nice sample here" =P
Old style fire sprinkler systems use a piece of Wood's metal to hold a valve closed. A cigarette lighter will melt it and set off the sprinkler, which has been used by Hollywood writers numerous times. But as is usual for them, they get it wrong. Setting one off will not normally set off the entire sprinkler system.
@gesamtszenario The fun thing we noticed was, of the professors that had those little things they said often, there was a correlation between how many times they said that phrase and how good a professor they were. :)
We've just made a number of professors pay attention to every word they say, haven't we?
You didn't cover the use of bismuth as a gastrointestinal malady remedy? Pepto-Bismol is bismuth subsalicylate. (sp?) The crystals are damn BEAUTIFUL, I would be interested in buying a crystal.
Debbie is lovely. I'm very impressed.
I thought iridium was heavier? or Osmium.
Gen Scinmore wrong - even iodine is heavier than them
***** ty, I didn't know that.
Gen Scinmore I dont actually know for sure - im drunk
***** ah
Even as a troll I cant corrupt peoples minds
You tore the nice paper wrapper!
would an alloy with nickel be a good thing?
@johnnytheprick (sorry im bad in english so sorry if i have a few spelling errors) you can accually calculate the age of the universe... and "half life" doesent mean that bismuth is older than the universe . Also the wright bros never had areodinamic course, but todays chemistry/physics is so complex, that you accually have to take courses.
@teleman07 Might I direct you to the Tellurium or perhaps Selenium (when a selenium chemist gets on a bus, everyone else gets off) videos?
My absolute favorite metal. This is my fourth favorite element in general.
Mr Autistic What are you other favorite elements?
JayMark2049 H, C, O, Bi in that order
Mr Autistic Nice.
the written subtitles in italian says:
"the half-life is the needed time so that a kilo of bismuth, that is 500grams, decays in the son element etc etc"
and that is wrong, since a kilo of bismuth is 1000g
We’re learning the periodic table right now and my mom
Always says where is our favorite guy
Bismuth is slightly radioactive metalloid. It's not a metal because what it reflects is magnetism and not necessarily light.
Some might claim that this is the duality of light. I for one wouldn't be that hasty.
There are so many atoms of Bismuth in a kilogram that I'm sure it is constantly giving off alpha particles even though it will take such a long time for it to decompose.
I once computed that a Pepto-Bismol tablet gives off an alpha particle every few months.
leave the guy alone, he said he was sure ;P who needs calculations when you can just guess.
2:44 not just lead but Bismuth is surrounded by poisonous elements. On the left, you have mercury, thallium, and lead, to the right there is polonium(chemically poisonous), astatine(radioactively poisonous), radon(same as astatine), francium(same as actinium), and radium(slightly chemically poisonous but mainly radioactively poisonous). On the top you have Arsenic and Antimony(antimony much less than arsenic).
Bi does have an intriguing place in PT, the Pnictogens, insight about potential cmpd, complex, ore, alloy, salt, solution, potion, notion, & attraction beside some ways expected to behave like N although in our physical parameters Bi is a metal solid (as astute commenters noticed interesting physical characteristics happen during phase changes), +3 & +5 cations, relatively non-toxic, crystals provide fascinating art & medical apps with substances like BSS that in ways coat & protect stomach, even found effective for diagnose & alleviate GI illness, beside coat & preserve built structures. But must regard within physical & chemical parameters? The PT location is very intriguing transition area despite it's seemingly indifferent or dubious organic use still forms oxides, sulfides, carbonates, & involved with the already mentioned BSS.
Actually, I have a chunk almost identical to the one they have in the video. You can buy them for 20-50 bucks a piece in the rocks and minerals store in banff
Bismuth got a half life of billion times longer than the existance of the universe. So it is pretty much stable in my oppinion
I think the appropriate term is "stable enough".
SkeleBonePancake on 13/06/2018 this comment has 83 likes (atomic number of Bi)
I wouldn't be surprised if virtually every element decayed eventually
Very true 4quintillion years to be exact
Yeah. It is the least radioactive of all the 'radioactive' elements, which I don't think it should qualify as. The problem is, everything is radioactive once it's decay rate has been measured to a reliable degree. It is just that the the 'stable' elements are too stable to be able to do that... yet.
I would bet that your chance of getting cancer due to the radioactive decay of bismuth is non-existent compared to the heavy metal poisoning you would get from having the bismuth in direct contact with your skin for that long(since it only produces alpha radiation). A sheet of notebook paper is enough radiation shielding even if it was a trillion times more radioactive.
It takes a special person to make safety goggles look good...she pulls it off quite well
Will this alloy with magnesium?
@Oz6102 nope, it is cheaper to give someone soap that turns your hands black or a binocular that makes black circles around your eyes. they don't sell gallium spoons.
I'm so happy for this video :D Pete being all warm with the metals, Deborah being all technical yet practical (which is awesome) and the prof.. Well, the prof is being the prof ; go figure :P
You forgot to mention field's metal, which is the non-toxic alternative to wood's metal that melts at a similar temperature, and is also made with bismuth.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field%27s_metal
The bismuth she's holding exhibits the Mexican flag emblem and the Wu Tang Clan, just two of the icons used to express what is seen throughout nature.
@vmelkon You mean the practical joke where you put the gallium spoon in Hot tea?
WHERE CAN I GET BISMUTH? IVE HEARD THAT ITS USED IN FISHING LUERS
I love the way these Chemistry types all mind their own bismuth....
Would have been nice to show bismuth's magnetic repultion properties. As for the radioactivity of bimuth, with a half life of more than the length of time that the Universe has existed, I'd bet that everything heavier than iron will decay, just a little bit over such a vast length of time, just from exposure to cosmic rays.
yo bismuth is one of the elements whose beauty equals my crush’s
bern3270 already explained the difference, so just as an addition: Osmium is the densest know element with 22.6 g/cm³.
Yup!
I guess there's an error in english subs, at 2:45 Professor says "lead", not "led". I'm not a native speaker of English, so please correct me if I'm wrong.
3:49 Lovely!
مجهود رائع
ما هو سعر كيلو البزموث؟
وشكرا جزيلا
That might be the case back when most spoons were pewter, but I still think that a bismuth alloy spoon has to be so much denser than a steel spoon that it would feel quite different.
@Mrbrandoncoolvids The easiest way to find it is in shotgun ammo. Remington makes a line of shotgun ammo called "No Tox" that has Bismuth shot instead of lead shot.