Nice explanation. Thank you. Even when two grids follow the same frequency standard the frequency stability of both is also very crucial. For bidirectional transmission in HVDC both converter stations will require Ac to DC and DC to AC converter. This is not a small cost but cost is always justified in any project.
hello sir , i watch ypur all video, Literally it is very very useful for clearing basic doubts and very good for basic knowledge . very very thank you.
Explanation is amazing sir 👌🏻🔥. But I have doubt! In distribution side i heard about a terminology called "back feed or back feeding" and i do experience it. But u just mentioned in this video that hvac is unidirectional. Could u please explain me sir?
Bro what do you believe are some top traits and tips to become a high earning hvac engineer in Aec construction industry working for air conditioning projects.. which books would help in this scenario..
I thought that the break-even point was based on the infrastructure costs; but it seems like just the efficiency could make it worthwhile with that amount of power, IDK? Thanks, good video!
Interesting video , But my question is if the original power supply was by a DC generator would it produce power using less horse power than an AC alternator system ?
Excellent explanation Sir, But next video make on how to work Convertor station, what is valve hall in HVDC system and today which country is more installation HVDC transmission line.
Hm. A general talk with a "higher-lower" terminology doesn't help. I would like to understand, so some typical numbers would help. What are we talking about. And how would it be possible that for the DC transport there is no loss!? Every conductor has resistance. P=I^2 R. For AC transport, the frequency is quite low, so I don't expect the reactance due to inductance and capacitance to be high. Actually, both systems need to deal with the same resistance part. But both systems are high voltage to keep the current lower, as I said P=I^2 R, so we want to keep the current as low as possible. Every cable is heavy, so for AC, they build a cable in such a way that inside you have less conducted carrier, and outside the good condctive material for the skin effect. Maybe the HVDC has potential, but I would like to see the numbers, regardless of more complicated conversion for DC, just the transport per unit length. Cheers
Yes correct. Higher and lower are too vague statements. Atleast the losses part the HVDC also should have similar loss. The RMS losses of AC should be similar
Sir this one is very informative thank you. Sir can you please do a video on the HVDC transmission line protection schemes as in the case of HVAC we are having inductance parameters for the use in relay 21 (backup protection), where as in HVDC only resistence is present. And one more thing sir, why is HVAC transmission bidirectional power flow not possible, like the lines we use to send power can also be used to receive power back as if the power sending (export) is less than power recieving (import) we will be recieving power to the grid and vise versa , correct me if I'm wrong.
You did not mention the key advantage of the DC to DC transmission part. It does not need the high tower with two conductors high in the air as you presented. It could be used underwater and under ground. For example embedded between the tracks of the train! After all even Edison did that In New York Pearl Station with his 110V DC transmission despite obvious disadvantage of the lack of ability to generate high voltage DC without AC transformers that Tesla AC accomplished via three phase transformers! Both systems however do not need for energy storage of eletrical power for transmission to long distances. Compare to limitation of Electrical Cars run on DC batteries!
AC is bidirectional, as several commenters noted. Inductance and capacitance are not energy losses, but part of the physics of AC. They do place limits on dostance. So whatt is Break even distance in mi or km? Probably function of power level too. Rule of thumb for AC is 1 mi per KV, eg 345 mi for 345 kv. Note that DC transmission required invention of solid state devices in large sizes and high voltage levels, only in last 20 years or so. Done at turn of 20th century by motor-generators, not very good solution. AC power systems built over last 130 years before HVDC invented.
This is inaccuracy in the video. Bi-directional power flow isn't possible between AC systems operating at different nominal frequencies or between non-synchronized AC systems. Other than that it's quite possible and occurs on daily basis. However, use of (HV)DC is beneficial again regarding flexibility and stability control of the systems
Same question, as solar panels also backfeed Into the grid through the same lines. Which made me second guess the statement that AC would be unidirectional.
Black starters are for types of generators that can't start without assistance. Before this is done the Tgrid is isolated to avoid collapse. Same with hydro turbine they need battery's to open the gates for the gen to prime and start. Black starter are not for distribution network only for plant starting and that depends on the type of generator model.
Yeap not possible... But it can be transmitted to where it need like aluminium factory. In peak solar plant generation that's is how they manage the peak demand and generation of power.
Sir, I remember the controversy between Tesla and Edison. Edison wanted to have DC transmission system but the drawback was DC was not able to transmit to longer distances. Then Tesla introduced the concept of transformers and long range transmission. How come then HVAC is having limitation in transmission and HVDC is not having any issue. I am confused.
I wonder why the losses in HVDC remains the same with increasing distance, can anyone enlighten me please? I'm thinking about the formula R=pL/A where the resistance is proportional to the distance. Or am I using the wrong equation here. Thanks.
I think he's talking about the "rate" of loss that is constant in HVDC. Which is right in line with what you mentioned, that is, the resistance is proportional to length. So, for each unit length of wire, the loss will be constant.
Resistance remains the same over a particular length irrespective of load it carries until it surpasses lengh limit. You can put it into power simulator and you get it very clear. As field power engineer we see this commonly.
its not used as we dont have any generator which can generate dc current and also we cannot use transformer on dc so its very difficult to convert high voltage ac to dc vice versa its cost is very high and also not stable it getting damaged easily we can only use it when we get something simple to convert high voltage ac to dc and vice versa
Dc current voltage drop when it is go transmission lines the process not possible in America then many people used ac current, your explanation was wrong dc current must requires thick conductor when AMPS increased,I have a doubt about your class how can you transmit dc current using transfer, transfer only used for ac supply,if your connect dc supply to the transfermer how it achieve contraction and expension of core with flux and induced EMF it not possible in dc current because of it nope any cycle frequency then how it creates repulsion and extraction in the winding Please answer questions I need your response it is helpful to me
You are abs wrong. If you have worked on small and large solar plant you should know. Very High DC voltage over high DC amp requires small wire Guage. And power flow is very efficient. It's hvdc not jus DC transmission note that.
@@danielimanah8681 small guage wires not used for dc current,then how can you get AMPS , amperes depends on wire thickness because of dc current electrons flow throughout the conductor so it must need wire thickness to flow electrons with many ampers through conductor and if you use thin conductor it resistance is not matching to resist the many ampere flow thin conductor generates heat due to many AMPS but thin wire so must use minimum 10 or 15 square conductor what did you said that is wrong,I said correctly because of I was finished many experiments on the topic
@@ReddiBhasaHave you worked on low voltage DC power system before and compare to high voltage DC systems? Simple ohms law holds on DC transmission irrespective of the amp. For example, Once voltage is higher than amp with 10:1 ratio, you can use very thin Guage with negligible loss. Very effective and efficient
A very informative video. However I have to dissagree with you about AC systems not being able to be bi directional. AC based grids regularly transmit power in different directions as demand and supply varies throughout the regions within which they operate. Indeed energy storage systems also make use of this ability. Whilst power producers - whether mechanical or inverter based - have to be syncronised accreos the grid, the direction of energy flow is controlled by varyation of the relative voltages between suppliers and consumers.
@@paulmccredie3106 the general ac grid system is from generation tru MVA to distribution tru substations with smaller kva transformer. Obviously that can't be reverse. It's a 1way power direction. But due to electronic converters/inverters from ac - dc and verse versa in hvdc is dual.
@@danielimanah8681 I have to disagree with you. The first thing to understand is that transformers CAN be reversed. Let's take a transformer with a turns ratio of 2.3:10. If you feed 11000 Volts into the HV winding, you will get 230 Volts out of the LV winding. You can do the reverse and feed 230V into the LV winding and get 11000V out of the HV winding. Now let's deal with a couple of real life scenarios: We have a power station supplying power to the grid and also to its own auxiliary equipment, site lighting, maintenance workshops and administrative offices. Energy is flowing from the site to the grid through a transformer which raises the voltage to grid levels. Now let's shut down the generators for maintenance. The generators are now not producing any energy but the lights are still on, the workshops still have power and the admin staff can still use their computers. This is because energy is now being supplied from the grid to the site using the same wires and transformer which are now operating in reverse. The second scenario is on a smaller scale. We have a house which has solar panels. It's a dull day so some of the energy is being supplied from the grid which means energy is flowing IN to the property. The sun then starts to shine and household loads are reduced so energy now flows OUT of the property. If most or all of the houses being fed be the local substation produce more power than they are consuming, then energy will flow in the reverse direction through the substation transformer onto the local HV network. Power can be supplied in either direction whether the system is AC or DC
HV AC or HVDC it does not matter it is utilitie talk you do not have to deal with it it is only for transportation from electricity it is the same like talking about walking on mars we know that 99,99 % of all people willl never walk there.
Gourav sir >>>>>teachers in class
🙏🏻Ur efforts matters a lot
Thank you !!
Nice explanation. Thank you. Even when two grids follow the same frequency standard the frequency stability of both is also very crucial. For bidirectional transmission in HVDC both converter stations will require Ac to DC and DC to AC converter. This is not a small cost but cost is always justified in any project.
Excellent Explanation Sir ⚡...HVDC is only used in Primary Transmission of power system.
Thanks
@@GauravJ,How do I reach you. I tried to E-mail using the mail provided on your web sit but didn't get any answer
@mbomboaimaim798 hello. You can write me here gauravj@theelectricalguy.in
Great job of explaining this. I'm glad I ran across your videos.
Excellent explanation sir thank you very much.
Excellent explanation sir
Dear Sir, very nice explanation on a vital topic.Congratulationsand God bless you 🙏👏👍
hello sir ,
i watch ypur all video, Literally it is very very useful for clearing basic doubts and very good for basic knowledge . very very thank you.
What does the ink say on your right wrist? Just curious. Great discourse on this complex topic, sir!!!
It was quite helpful to understand the difference between these two giants of transmission. Thank you keep uploading videos like that.
Explanation is amazing sir 👌🏻🔥.
But I have doubt! In distribution side i heard about a terminology called "back feed or back feeding" and i do experience it. But u just mentioned in this video that hvac is unidirectional. Could u please explain me sir?
Thank you for the great explanation.
Bro what do you believe are some top traits and tips to become a high earning hvac engineer in Aec construction industry working for air conditioning projects.. which books would help in this scenario..
Well done sir, very interesting and informative. As i watched I had several questions that you fully explained.
Great class Sir. Kindly do a video on solar power generation, net metering and gross meterin
I thought that the break-even point was based on the infrastructure costs; but it seems like just the efficiency could make it worthwhile with that amount of power, IDK? Thanks, good video!
Infrastructure would count as well. Overall view is seen
Thanks 👍 well understood.
Interesting video , But my question is if the original power supply was by a DC generator would it produce power using less horse power than an AC alternator system ?
Helpful
Sir,please make a video about VFD,Soft starters..
Good explanation. Thanks very much 😊
Sir please make video of MW solar power plant. How huge amount of power transfer to grid or substation
I think we can use Rectifiers to convert AC into DC not converter. If i am wrong kindly guide me. Thanks
A converter is reversible (i.e. a combination of a rectifier & an inverter)
Impressive knowledge such a beautiful and easy to understand all your fantastic educational valuable videos
Thanks and best regards ☕☕
SIR, can you provide the how much the initial installation price differs from HVAC TO HVDC.
sir, give video detailed video about distance relay
You keep going man, you're doing great😊
Regarding power flow direction, both HVAC and HVDC is bi-directional.
Don't think so 🤔 hvac cannot be reversed to point of generation but DC can due to converters
@@danielimanah8681Theoretically it is possible because synchronous electrical machine can operate both as a generator or as a motor.
Excellent explanation Sir,
But next video make on how to work Convertor station, what is valve hall in HVDC system and today which country is more installation HVDC transmission line.
Hm. A general talk with a "higher-lower" terminology doesn't help. I would like to understand, so some typical numbers would help. What are we talking about. And how would it be possible that for the DC transport there is no loss!? Every conductor has resistance. P=I^2 R. For AC transport, the frequency is quite low, so I don't expect the reactance due to inductance and capacitance to be high. Actually, both systems need to deal with the same resistance part. But both systems are high voltage to keep the current lower, as I said P=I^2 R, so we want to keep the current as low as possible. Every cable is heavy, so for AC, they build a cable in such a way that inside you have less conducted carrier, and outside the good condctive material for the skin effect. Maybe the HVDC has potential, but I would like to see the numbers, regardless of more complicated conversion for DC, just the transport per unit length. Cheers
Yes correct. Higher and lower are too vague statements. Atleast the losses part the HVDC also should have similar loss. The RMS losses of AC should be similar
Could you explain about transposition tower in transmission line?
THANKS A LOT
You're welcome!
What source can I look up size of cable v frequency? i.e. the difference between DC/AC size cable for the same voltage?
Sir this one is very informative thank you.
Sir can you please do a video on the HVDC transmission line protection schemes as in the case of HVAC we are having inductance parameters for the use in relay 21 (backup protection), where as in HVDC only resistence is present.
And one more thing sir, why is HVAC transmission bidirectional power flow not possible, like the lines we use to send power can also be used to receive power back as if the power sending (export) is less than power recieving (import) we will be recieving power to the grid and vise versa , correct me if I'm wrong.
Thank you . I’ll try 👍🏻
thank a lot
Please make video on battery charger.
Great stuff. Kudos 👍
Good job thanks
It's hard to judge but I think the distance will be the best to judge from.
Certainly
You did not mention the key advantage of the DC to DC transmission part. It does not need the high tower with two conductors high in the air as you presented. It could be used underwater and under ground. For example embedded between the tracks of the train! After all even Edison did that In New York Pearl Station with his 110V DC transmission despite obvious disadvantage of the lack of ability to generate high voltage DC without AC transformers that Tesla AC accomplished via three phase transformers! Both systems however do not need for energy storage of eletrical power for transmission to long distances. Compare to limitation of Electrical Cars run on DC batteries!
Can we connect SVC to 220 KV system?
Cross-bonding and SLV (Sheath Voltage Limiter) earthing
Details me video banayo thora
AC is bidirectional, as several commenters noted. Inductance and capacitance are not energy losses, but part of the physics of AC. They do place limits on dostance. So whatt is Break even distance in mi or km? Probably function of power level too. Rule of thumb for AC is 1 mi per KV, eg 345 mi for 345 kv. Note that DC transmission required invention of solid state devices in large sizes and high voltage levels, only in last 20 years or so. Done at turn of 20th century by motor-generators, not very good solution. AC power systems built over last 130 years before HVDC invented.
This is inaccuracy in the video. Bi-directional power flow isn't possible between AC systems operating at different nominal frequencies or between non-synchronized AC systems. Other than that it's quite possible and occurs on daily basis. However, use of (HV)DC is beneficial again regarding flexibility and stability control of the systems
HI , I am still confused how HVDC prevent the heating effect of the Direct Current.
Isn't HVAC is also Bi-directional. When a powerplant needs backfeed it uses the same transmission line to start the power plant.
Same question, as solar panels also backfeed Into the grid through the same lines. Which made me second guess the statement that AC would be unidirectional.
@@Dummydodanot possible. Solar system does that true comvertes.
Not possible. Distribution cannot be reverse back to generation point. Power plant uses another source or running plant not its own source
Black starters are for types of generators that can't start without assistance. Before this is done the Tgrid is isolated to avoid collapse. Same with hydro turbine they need battery's to open the gates for the gen to prime and start. Black starter are not for distribution network only for plant starting and that depends on the type of generator model.
Yeap not possible... But it can be transmitted to where it need like aluminium factory. In peak solar plant generation that's is how they manage the peak demand and generation of power.
Sir, I remember the controversy between Tesla and Edison. Edison wanted to have DC transmission system but the drawback was DC was not able to transmit to longer distances. Then Tesla introduced the concept of transformers and long range transmission. How come then HVAC is having limitation in transmission and HVDC is not having any issue. I am confused.
Clearly due to inductance, freq and capacitance which are absent in hvdc
Skin effect bro just don't read the Edison and Telsa story half
What happen when ac power line exceed 2k KM sir
Ferranti effect
👍
Doesn't ac allow to do step up and down while DC doesn't.
I wonder why the losses in HVDC remains the same with increasing distance, can anyone enlighten me please? I'm thinking about the formula R=pL/A where the resistance is proportional to the distance. Or am I using the wrong equation here. Thanks.
I think he's talking about the "rate" of loss that is constant in HVDC. Which is right in line with what you mentioned, that is, the resistance is proportional to length. So, for each unit length of wire, the loss will be constant.
@@RajivLochanPanda oh yeah, I see. Thanks. He means the resistance in DC vs the impedance in AC.
Resistance remains the same over a particular length irrespective of load it carries until it surpasses lengh limit. You can put it into power simulator and you get it very clear. As field power engineer we see this commonly.
Bro I have a doubt,Losses in DC is less then why not it used as transmission ,the high cost is the only reason for this
True. but it's become common on solar plants
its not used as we dont have any generator which can generate dc current and also we cannot use transformer on dc so its very difficult to convert high voltage ac to dc vice versa its cost is very high and also not stable it getting damaged easily we can only use it when we get something simple to convert high voltage ac to dc and vice versa
Neutral or my mains in my meter box keeps burning at main connection on bus bar every 8 to 10 month of my house
Sir plz convert this video in hindi
Sir koi Group hai WhatsApp Ap ka?
No. But we do have a community on courses.theelectricalguy.in
766kv voltage tak dc sasti hoti hai
4:46 - At 50 Hz or 60 Hz, the skin effect is negligible.
Dc current voltage drop when it is go transmission lines the process not possible in America then many people used ac current, your explanation was wrong dc current must requires thick conductor when AMPS increased,I have a doubt about your class how can you transmit dc current using transfer, transfer only used for ac supply,if your connect dc supply to the transfermer how it achieve contraction and expension of core with flux and induced EMF it not possible in dc current because of it nope any cycle frequency then how it creates repulsion and extraction in the winding
Please answer questions I need your response it is helpful to me
Transformers only used for ac current to voltage and AMPS increase or decrease
You are abs wrong. If you have worked on small and large solar plant you should know. Very High DC voltage over high DC amp requires small wire Guage. And power flow is very efficient. It's hvdc not jus DC transmission note that.
@@danielimanah8681 small guage wires not used for dc current,then how can you get AMPS , amperes depends on wire thickness because of dc current electrons flow throughout the conductor so it must need wire thickness to flow electrons with many ampers through conductor and if you use thin conductor it resistance is not matching to resist the many ampere flow thin conductor generates heat due to many AMPS but thin wire so must use minimum 10 or 15 square conductor what did you said that is wrong,I said correctly because of I was finished many experiments on the topic
@@ReddiBhasaHave you worked on low voltage DC power system before and compare to high voltage DC systems? Simple ohms law holds on DC transmission irrespective of the amp. For example, Once voltage is higher than amp with 10:1 ratio, you can use very thin Guage with negligible loss. Very effective and efficient
Hall Thomas Taylor John Robinson Mary
A very informative video.
However I have to dissagree with you about AC systems not being able to be bi directional. AC based grids regularly transmit power in different directions as demand and supply varies throughout the regions within which they operate. Indeed energy storage systems also make use of this ability. Whilst power producers - whether mechanical or inverter based - have to be syncronised accreos the grid, the direction of energy flow is controlled by varyation of the relative voltages between suppliers and consumers.
Can you reverse distrubuted power back to generation point? No.
Can you reverse distrubuted power back to generation point. No
@@danielimanah8681 What do you mean by the phrase 'reverse distributed power back to the generation point'?
@@paulmccredie3106 the general ac grid system is from generation tru MVA to distribution tru substations with smaller kva transformer. Obviously that can't be reverse. It's a 1way power direction. But due to electronic converters/inverters from ac - dc and verse versa in hvdc is dual.
@@danielimanah8681 I have to disagree with you.
The first thing to understand is that transformers CAN be reversed. Let's take a transformer with a turns ratio of 2.3:10. If you feed 11000 Volts into the HV winding, you will get 230 Volts out of the LV winding. You can do the reverse and feed 230V into the LV winding and get 11000V out of the HV winding.
Now let's deal with a couple of real life scenarios:
We have a power station supplying power to the grid and also to its own auxiliary equipment, site lighting, maintenance workshops and administrative offices. Energy is flowing from the site to the grid through a transformer which raises the voltage to grid levels. Now let's shut down the generators for maintenance. The generators are now not producing any energy but the lights are still on, the workshops still have power and the admin staff can still use their computers. This is because energy is now being supplied from the grid to the site using the same wires and transformer which are now operating in reverse.
The second scenario is on a smaller scale. We have a house which has solar panels. It's a dull day so some of the energy is being supplied from the grid which means energy is flowing IN to the property. The sun then starts to shine and household loads are reduced so energy now flows OUT of the property. If most or all of the houses being fed be the local substation produce more power than they are consuming, then energy will flow in the reverse direction through the substation transformer onto the local HV network.
Power can be supplied in either direction whether the system is AC or DC
HV AC or HVDC it does not matter it is utilitie talk you do not have to deal with it
it is only for transportation from electricity it is the same like talking about
walking on mars we know that 99,99 % of all people willl never walk there.
Please correct spelling of Conductor (your presentation has misspelled it as Conductor)
you're not correct at all.
Can we connect SVC to 220 KV system?