The TRUE History of 'Beer'
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- Опубликовано: 13 окт 2020
- My second channel M. Laser Random- / mlaser2 where I just upload random videos from game-plays to vlogs and more.
My Patreon- / mlaser
My Twitter- / mnlaser
Video scripts with sources are available for free on my Patreon.
For extra historical information and corrections see the pinned comment.
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Duke tier Patreons
-Sahni
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#History #Beer #Brewing
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Extra Information & Sometimes Corrections if Needed !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
0:23 Global yearly consumption in 2018
www.alcohol.org/guides/the-alcohol-industry-in-data/#:~:text=Global%20Alcohol%20Consumption,every%20year%20around%20the%20world.
1:22 Angry Orchard is a cider sold in USA that is often also colloquially called beer, so the list of things that are today called "beer" but aren't actually beer could be even longer.
2:11 List of ales made with gruit.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruit
4:19 This is not to say that there weren't any breweries of beer in England until the 16th century but the over all trend in the country was mostly ale not beer.
5:14 Romans called the plant "lupus salictarus" meaning wolf among willows as the plant was known to aggressively grow around other plants mainly willows.
5:29 Although it is probably a very safe bet that people that lived under Roman control like the Celts, Illyrians, etc. didn't brew beer as well as we would have most likely found some mentions in the Roman written records.
6:56 Balto-Finnic not to be confused with the Baltic people who are part of the Indo-European languages where as Balto-Finnic are part of the Finno-Ugric people group.
7:01 Debated same origin because some say the word comes from Proto-Balto-Finnic and others that it comes from Proto-Slavic, either way it has to be one of them.
7:49 De humlone quoque, postquam ad monasterium venerit, decima ei portio de singulis servidis per singulos menses detur. Si vero hoc ei non suffit, ipse vel comparando, vel quolibet alio modo, sibi adquirat unde ad cervisas suas faciendas sufficienter habeat.
Also, concerning the hops, after it comes to the monastery [from being collected along with the firewood], one tenth of the portion should be given each month to the porter. If, however, this is not enough [for him], he should either collect more himself or use any other different method [to get more], so he would have a sufficient supply to make his beer.
Statutes of Adalhard of Corbie, Chapter 25.
8:35 The places I show on the screen don't actually have sources that strait up mention hops in brewing. They just mention large quantities of hops either being, taxed, moved, or cultivated and since such a large number of hops can only be used for brewing (since medicinal purposes never required such large numbers) it is usually accepted that these sources mentioned hops meant for brewing of beer.
There is also Brevnov Monastery in Czechia that has some late 10th century sources about brewing where apparently the monks where scolded for spending too much time brewing and not enough time attending to their church duties.
9:34 Of course these strands of hops are more of a 19th century invention but these hop varieties were specifically chosen from local Bohemian or Bavarian hops as it was known that these strands had the best brewing qualities being perfected over centuries.
12:02 Of course the ban or restrictions put on beer brewing and the reasons behind it varied a lot from place to place.
12:20 England never actually banned beer brewing outright but there where laws and rhetoric that definetly promoted ale brewing over beer.
13:35 The point of the last quote, which as I stated I think is quite apt when considering the current situation in the world, was to show at least 'a' reason why so many people groups through out history made and consumed some sort of alcoholic beverages.
Video scripts with all my sources are available for free on my Patreon. www.patreon.com/mlaser
“Early beer had three main areas of activity Bohemia, Bavaria and the Low Countries”
Best beer in today’s Europe are Czech, Bavarian and Belgian
Dutch is also decent!
But Czech will always be the best.
Was going to weigh in on this debate until I realised that I haven't actually tried Czech beers so I should rectify this as soon as possible.
Well I haven't had beer from every country in Europe. But I have tried Czech beer and I can testify that it is excellent. I find it hard to say it is better than Irish beer.
@@CaskTheology You should
@@martinsmolik2449 I agree SO MUCH1 When I arrived in Germany I was suprised to find how Czech beer is generally superior.
Now I desperately need a wine version of this video
Maybe some day but that one would have to start in prehistory.
@CommandoDude That story starts in prehistory too, simlar to wine, with origins in over ripe fruit.
Most likely Armenia is the place where vino originates - seems to coincide even with the Biblical story
I invented wine
Who cares, I much prefer a cold Pilsener or Bockbier
Czechs, assemble.
Any minute now...
Hi, just an American guy observing the Czech meeting.
Zdar!
No jasny.
Desiiitku, dvanaaaactku do sebe lijeeeeeeeeeem
Češi spojte se
I'm 3 minutes in, and I'm more confused about "beer" than I've ever been.
I really appreciate that you give such an extensive overview of your sources, including comparing them, putting them into historical context and then drawing conclusions. I feel like your videos give a much better understanding of history than other yt history channels.
Extensive explanations of the used terms, this must be a good vid.
*A few minutes later*
Yes, it's a great vid.
Also noticed World of Warcraft tavern music, (Salty Sailor I think) nice.
The video i never thought i needed
This is interesting! Regarding ancient Egyptian beer, my understanding is that it actually resembled more of a porridge than a liquid beverage the way we would recognize it today, and because it wasn't filtered actually was more nutritious than modern beer. It was still alcoholic though
I would call it a fermented bread soup.
@@MLaserHistorya german proverb says "Bier ist flüssiges Brot" or on english "Beer is liquid bread" comes to mind.
@@lamehick7511 "Beer is water that bread walked through" is another one I've heard
Such beers are still had in some places in the world like in the Indian state of Sikkim.
@@kabir3510 Indo-European migration ties?
It is settled now.
Q: Which came first: beer or wine?
The earliest evidence leans toward beer, says Theresa McCulla, a curator at the National Museum of American History. Archaeologists found traces of cereal grains on mortars near Haifa, Israel, dated at around 13,000 years old.
Who else suddenly wants a beer?
I had to get one during this video :D
@@jirkavebr-czmapper8059 I do not have one :-(
@@chainehistoire7616 Surely you are not from Czechia xD
I started with one in hand. Good stuff.
i just drank a $0.50 beer
Hops was used because of the little ice age. Hops grows in cooler climates better than like fruit. It also made beer have a longer shelf life, which is important when you don't have refrigeration.
Now I’m educated in the history of something that I’ve never thought I’ve needed to know about, well done!
That's basically what this channel is for.
No wonder german beer is so good, they've been making it for over a thousand years!
Most of "German" beer tradition is of Czech origin, though and it is widely acknowledged here in Germany. The one thing thing that sets German beers appart from everyone else is the German "Reinheitsgebot" which states that beer has to be made out of only four ingredients. Namely Hops, Malt, Yeast and Water. This was a measure taken historically to set appart true beers and ales. And you wouldn't believe how many distinct types of beers can be made with just these 4 ingredients.
0:31
That site is literally 1.5 km from my house. It is called Cyclamen cave.
Great channel man 👍
got hyped when I saw this video, love this entire channel!!!!
Yey Pivo!
It’s so strange how something so bitter and disgusting when you first try it, became the most sort after drink of all time
Alcoholic drink. Water and sodas are still far more consumed.
North Germanic languages don’t use hops but humel as well. In Sweden, which is my country of origin, it is humle specifically.
True but actually they borrowed that word either from Finno-Baltic or Slavic languages in between the 10th and 14th century so the origin of the word is still the same.
@@MLaserHistory Yes I understood that. Just thought it was an interesting tidbit related to the video.
Yes Bohemia!! I knew it 😂
Nice and informative video, thanks.
Absolutely fantastic video. A really great summary of how beer as we know it today started to be a thing. :)
its funny how bavaria, czech republic and belgium are the most famous places for beer in the world still today
do you think this might influence archeological research, in the sense that they look for it more extensively?
I doubt it. All the archeological finds done to this day that refer to beer (as in finding hops residue) was done accidentally. Meaning the archeological digs where looking for something else and just happened to find the remanences of hops in brewing and recorded it.
I strongly doubt this will change as in the end it there are far more interesting and important, I would say, things that need to be looked at rather than trying to figure out who started brewing ale with hops first.
@@MLaserHistory Alternative hypothesis: practice makes perfect ....
I love this style of video
Fascinating! And doesn’t even get into lager, and top-fermenting versus bottom-fermenting yeast ...!
I’m also sensing a need for a retronym like “hops beer” to distinguish from modern beers that don’t use hops.
Ranking of beer consumption per capita:
1. Czech Republic
2. Austria
3. Germany
That too hints that it was introduced into the Netherlands later. Also, since in the Czech Republic the consumation is around 40% higher from the numbers I found, that might hint that it originates there. Though there might be a difference between north and south Germany, maybe the per capita consumption in Bavaria itself is much higher compared to the rest of Germany.
Check out Kölsch Bier in Cologne... You'd be surprised about it's consumption here... It is like a literal substitute for water here...
Good video. As you feature history that actually has something to do with (among other things) the historical day-to-day, I was wondering whether you could make a video on medieval European river navigation and trade. I was sitting on the banks of the Rhine earlier this year, and - looking at the strong current - was wondering how any boat or river barge would struggle against that current without an engine. So was river trade just one-way, a means of getting goods to the coast, or was it also used to bring goods into the interior?
I don't think I would make a video about that, at least not focused on that. Not really something I am that interested in.
As for the quick answer rowing was the most common. You would be surprised how much a well constructed boat can glide against a strong current when rowed. For example the vikings sailed up the Rhine multiple times purely by rowing. Sailing could also be used but this was very circumstantial depending on which way the wind blew. Lastly sometimes the boats would be toad by carriages on the land on the banks of the river.
i am in awe that you used Gageleer, A beer brewed her in my Local Belgian Region.
Purely a coincidence but glad you liked it.
I feel that 🍻 and it's ilk really were the first steps to modern sanitation.
You are EXTRAORDINARY!! Thank you so much
well first record in Bavaria was from/about some Slavic guy, that look for me as he brought it there
The Slavic prisoner only cultivated hops, there is no evidence that the hops was used for brewing at that time so such conclusion would be only very speculative.
If we knew how much hops was being cultivated we could make quite accurate assumptions on this as large supplies of hops where solely used for just brewing (this is the way we can confirm beer production in later sources) but the source doesn't specify that so we are very much in the dark on that whole thing.
@@MLaserHistory oh sorry, I forgot he just cultivated, not evidence that he brewed
Awesome video! Now I am thirsty. Gotta drink some beer.
Beer ya mean water
You my friend have a wonderful outlook on history and life..Funny stuff..MUCH LUV FROM N.AUGUSTA S.C
This was fun
Where did you get that definition of Ale?
I never encountered that in any books and study material relating to beer in both Belgium and the US
The word "Ale" just as the word "beer" can have many definitions and had many definitions in the past and can overlap with other beverages depending on how the brewing process is done and with what.
My, as stated "very oversimplified", definition is just showing the most common use/definition of the word "ale" in medieval sources where it almost always meant a beverage brewed with gruit.
After the discovery of the oldest temple made at start of farming first came beer/ale before bread!
I knew it before starting this video, that the Czech Republic will be involved in this. So happy to live in this country, loving our beer
that final quote has some big John Green energy
Very good material on Your channel You have :)
A question? Are You a Slav? If yes, which one?
Best regards from Croatia and Slovenia! :)
3:15 I know you're a non-native speaker. excellent use of the word pedantic
In Sanskrit word madira means alcoholic beverage that made with madh (honey) hence it's called madira which in English derived as mead in ancient texts mead is mentioned.
The word for honey in both Sanskrit and Old English has the same proto-indo-european root. Coincidentally, the Chinese word for honey (mi) is also of indo-european origin as the Chinese borrowed it from the now extinct Tocharian.
:) Amazing video
Amazing
Day after my birthday this came out.
Seems fitting
Let's not forget the German purity law and King Gambrinius the patron saint of beer. 🍺 Ein Prost!
Can you post an HD image of the map you use? It's so great!
Wunderbar!
Beer is fucking amazing.
Will you make a video about Moravian attempt to get autonomy in 90s?
I don't do anything past 1920.
I am a medievalist by training and my modern history knowledge outside of Austria-Hungary is really lack luster.
Now I need history of Honey
1Y bb(before beer) “man I fancy a pint”
“A what?!”
I want to drink now ...
"The superiority of beer over ale [...]"
Idk, as a German, I like the sound of it.
I don't know, would beer and ale have been seen as such different things back in the medieval times? There are generally many things from the medieval era that we classify way more explicitly these days than the people at the time did, one example being swords (we might classify swords as longswords, sabres, messers, etc., but a medieval person would just call them swords). Hops vs gruit might have not been seen as such a big differentiator that it would change the name or type of the brew, and I wouldn't be surprised if, during local transition period from gruit to hops, a brewer could use them interchangeably based on what they have at hand, or at least make two different brews with each without actually thinking that with one they are making different type of beverage than with the other. I'd also be extremely surprised if there wasn't a lot of throwing in both gruit and hops into the mix.
Hops gained a lot of the special status because of the Reinheitsgebot limiting the ingredients of beer. Sure, hops must have been seen as the superior flavoring and presevative ingredient already before that because surely that would be the reason such law would be set in the first place. But I think the distinction between beer and ale that was mentioned in this video has only come about (at least partly) as a result of the Reinheitsgebot limiting beer to only allow hops, not before it.
I really liked the video as a study into the origin and usage of hops, but the takeaway is that I think it might be a bit too much to claim that beer didn't exist before hops were discovered and used, as the distinction between different ways of flavoring probably didn't exist before hops became the dominant beer flavoring ingredient.
Hey M. Laser, wondering about your channel coat of arms. Assuming you're Hungarian because of the red and white lines, but I've never seen the 3 towers before. Is it a family Crest?
ruclips.net/video/5libyn4bDQY/видео.html
@@MLaserHistory oh,you are from Slovakia! I never would have guessed that the red and white stripes are from the American flag. Very cool idea to put that coat of arms together.
Wow never knew about this
Hops are needed sire!
M. Laser with the Ryepills
If I ever hear the phrase “ales using gruut, beers using hops and meads using honey or fruits” again it’ll be far too soon
?
On this episode of Is that a beer?
0:50 Hold on that's like wasting beer!
Truly a travesty.
Where did you find all this information of middle ages beer?
All my sources are in the script which is available for free on my Patreon.
well that’s certainly a change from the last video
Just wanted to make a video for once where I wont get yelled at by crazy radicals.
Than again I am waiting for some beer enthusiast from northern France to start yelling at me for overlooking the northern French sources or something :D
@@MLaserHistory as an austrian, beer is about as inflammatory a topic as wars
historic story that I have came across suggest that low alcohol beer was used instead of the contaminated water .
M. laser will you make another youtube history podcast episode
I am sorry I simply don't have the time anymore to manage it and edit it.
Sadly lately I don't have much time to even make videos but I am still trying to push through.
If I just made more money off of RUclips this could change but atm I still make around a 100 bucks a month which is not even close to supporting me and my family financially.
@@MLaserHistory you responded thank you m. laser hope you have a good day
Could someone please spell the terms he uses in the video? My English is horrendous when it comes to plants' names.
I try to put in the subtitles so if you switch them on they should help quite a bit although I agree they're not perfect as English is also not my first language so there are mistakes.
I guess the words you might be looking for are, gruit, malt, hops, grain, barley.
@@MLaserHistory thank you! Keep being awesome.
Man, in such books like the Michael Jackson one or the brewsmaster table from greatest Garret Oliver we find a different story about bear than that who you served.
For example: the women was the only person allowed to brew? Or the Hamurabi Code which set a sentence to the brewmaster who don't make a beer "the right way"?
I am not here to argue, just learn something.. how can we adress the situation?
(sorry my poor english, i'm from Brazil talking nonsense trying to learn something.)
best regards
History od Toronto next ?
Kinda surprised that there isn't an English word for "gruit".
Gruit is the English word, after all it's a Germanic language.
@@MLaserHistory is it connected to the german word 'Kraut'?
@@DaRealKakarroto I don't think so.
@@DaRealKakarroto what would gruit have to do with cabbage? Are you having a laugh?
@@Bluudclaat because 'Kraut' can have a broader meaning including herbs (which is 'Kräuter' in german) and 'weed' is 'Unkraut' (meaning something like 'not herbs' or 'plants without (good) use that grow in gardens/farms and need to get removed').
Also the correct word for 'cabbage' is 'Kohl' in german.
This video made me go do the fridge and take a Budvar. The best beer in my opinion.
I agree Budvar is a good beer, probably the best mass market beer, I still think the best beer in general is ERB but you can get that one only in Czechia an Slovakia.
@@MLaserHistory I stand corrected. Yes, the best "mass market" beer that is. So far the best beer I had was Černý Orel from Kroměříž. Konkrétne 12° Polotmavý ležák ČERNÝ OREL, 5,4%. Bolo to v roku 2010, počas cyklovýletu popri Baťovom kanále.
Hello from Czechia, the mekka of beer
Mecca
>Western slavic prisoner
FUCK YEAH IT WAS US THE WHOLE WOOOOOOOOOO
Bohemia, Bavaria, the low countries? What do they have in common? They all start with B which is the starting letter of beer. I mean Belgium.
So from ale, mead and beer we picked up the most boring, not delicious drink... Yeap. History is sux.
I live german beer it just feels like is oart of my acenstora when i drink it.
Im colombian but i know that my freat grandpa was a spaniard son of an irish man and my great grandma was an indian so i bet beer is in my blode
Now i’m thirsty
Wonder why they really invented beer
Probably something like “damn, the foreign military is staying in our tavern again, they gunna waste all my mead….wait, I have an idea to save my mead and make sure they never come back here”
Ječam i hmelj
Ninkasi - the Mesopotamian goddess of brewing, that's how far I know about beer
And, for brewing undrinkable drink they would drowned the suspect in it, as it was waste of grain, honey, fruits and ... maybe some spices.
Does drinking beer alter the yeast when its urinated
I myself made beer ale paps ale 🍺
I’m drinking an Israeli beer while watching this and choosing to believe that it too is 13,000 years old.
assyrians invented beer
You rightly named it 'pedantic.' If only you also grasped that pedantic is boring)
I had to give the parameters in which the video will operate in otherwise it would be very confusing.
It would be really helpful if you could write out some of the words in the video. I can understand you fine for the most part, but something like "gruit" is hard to look up if you don't know how to spell it, and hard to spell based on how it sounds if you've never heard of it (like if you're trying to look it up, lol).
I put in the subtitles so if you just turn those on they should have the spelling there. There might be some spelling errors in general in them since English isn't my first language but over all I spell check all of it so it should be 95% accurate.
@@MLaserHistory Ok, thank you
I love beer 🍺 😊
I'm watching this video while drinking.... Coke
That's the wrong beverage sire.
tax-revenue-losing prince bans beer: european prohibition before it was cool :)
Gotta be honest i think its pretty interesting but I personally can't stand the taste of beer
Surprise Pikachu face.
O_o
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The fastest comment in the west.
what's beer../?
However most medieval beers were not good beers. When the first pale lager beer was breweed in Pilsen (CZ) in 1842 with the help of bavarian brewer Joseph Groll, it was the actual birth of the beer we know today - the pils beer. In fact, majority of current beers are pilsners. The pilsner brewing method is different and introduces cool fermentation instead of top fermentation - the pils beers are pale and the "medieval" beers are dark and not very common nowadays. On the other hand, I find it quite sad that the very original, the Pilsner Urquell, is not getting enough credit and is generally not very well known worldwide, yet most famous marks from other countries (Heineken, Paulaner, Mahou, Stella Artois etc.) are basically just "copies" of the Pilsner Urquell. In many stores worldwide or even in Europe, you can find some "pils" beer, but only very few offer the actual original Pilsner Urquell.
And how Americans have basically stolen the name "Budweiser" from the czech brewery located in Budweise (CZ), that's completely another story.
Nice video.
But Eurocentric.
That's because I only focused on hops being used in ale making which is 'beer' and no other places used hops in brewing in the middle ages other than Europeans.
if it was embraced by northern german cities and the dutch...then why does their beer taste like shit XD
Øl
Interestingly Sweden (and other Scandinavian countries) was very quick in embracing beer when it was shown to them by the German merchants.
best video to listen while learning Chinese. Greetings from Russia, love your vids
ajajajajajjajajajajja bohemia nooo
¿Que?
hehe ПИВО 🍺