QI | What Is The Best Way To Score A Penalty?
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- Опубликовано: 21 мар 2018
- Statistically speaking, what is the best way to score a penalty?
Stephen Fry, Alan Davies, Sue Perkins, Chris Addison and Sara Cox are about to find out.
For more visit qi.com
From QI Series M, Episode 16, 'Misconceptions'. 
Развлечения
This analysis is missing something though. If all players would always aim down the center it would stop working very, very quickly.
Yes, it would. Even if it wasn’t all players, but just one player who was well known for shooting down the middle, the opponents would soon learn
*tl;dr: Game theory (of the sort mentioned in a different context by Stephen) dictates that the players are still losing out due to their avoidance of going down the middle.*
Your observation subdues the point but doesn't quite eliminate it entirely. The thing is that they barely even try it. Presumably there is a kind of Nash equilibrium where the keeper chooses to stay in the center with some probability, or else chooses to go left or right (probably close to equally likely, but there may be some asymmetry if there's some difference in the ability of players generally kicking in the two directions), while the player also has some distribution in where to aim. Under these circumstances, the success rate would almost surely be higher than it is now.
For instance, suppose that players only aim in three directions: low left, low center, and low right, and the keepers therefore employ the same three options, and suppose also that the keeper only saves the attempt if they guess correctly, with probability 1 in the center, and 2/3 on either left or right. (These are just guesses, but they'll serve as an illustration.) Then the Nash equilibrium would have both keeper and player going middle with probability 1/4 and left or right with probability 3/8 each, and an overall success rate of 3/4. In comparison, with both keeper and player going left or right with probability 1/2 each (as they very nearly do now, apparently), the success rate would be just 2/3.
In short, there is some inefficiency (perhaps due to the fear of shame, as they discussed), which the players choose to ignore to their detriment.
As I say, that's a reason not to go down the middle as often as you go to either side. It doesn't explain why they almost *never* go down the middle. It's rare enough that it makes the highlights when they do it, and I don't remember seeing one where they went down the middle, didn't mishit it, and failed to score.
A well shooted penaldy is indefensable, its not just a game of probabilistics, there is skill involved, a shoot in the middle is ALWAYS defensable. Also, just part of goalkeepers choose side, the good ones read the player and wait for the shoot, they usualy don't do hard and flashy saves, but have a higher rating than the ones that just choose a side and jump, agains gealkeepers like that, a shoot in the middle would never work.
BLT1967too
If the player overestimate their skill (I can shoot hard to the corner), the odds of saving when choosing a side might be different than the player believes. Players will have shot a ton of penalties at practice, which are much easier conditions. Wrong estimates here will lead to wrong choices.
England have Won 2 out of 9 now (post World Cup 2018). A 0.22222222 success rate.
Get in!
Rates are far, far better expressed as percentages, just FYI.
ChubbyChecker182 3 out of 10
@@WeaselKing1000: It would still be infinitely repeating as 22.22222222222222.....%
You avoid repeating decimals by expressing the rate *as a fraction.* It's 2/9.
It's coming home
in 1998 Alan Shearer told David Batty to shoot down the middle if he wasn't sure. He went for the corner, and the keeper saved it.
Everyone laughs at Kevin Keegan saying Batty would definitely score about one second before he didn’t, but that was Brian Moore's fault for asking a straight yes/no question. I mean, what else could he have said?
kisbie haha yes. Imagine if keegan said ‘nope, he will bottle it and miss’
I was 6 during the 98 World Cup, and my mom and dad found it hilarious that I went "No, not Batty!" when he came up to the penalty mark
I've been in two penalty shootouts in my life. One was an indoor game, we lost the shootout because the keeper saved my shot, bottom right, and another of our guys (the fact that his was after mine didn't make me feel any better). The other was a regular 11-a-side match and my penalty was to win and advance to the final. I drilled it down the middle as hard as I could and the keeper went right, the ball hit his boot but still went in, thankfully. Then we lost the final, a score too embarrassing to repeat, even 25 years later on RUclips.
And this is exactly the problem when you shoot the ball down the middle. The goalkeeper is already there and may not be able to get out of the way fast enough...
I'm sure the stats would suggest the middle is not as good in amateur games because keepers aren't making as athletic moves but he still scored. I wonder what the stats are with field hockey, a penalty at centre goal is even less common but I dont think I've ever seen it saved the keeper always dives with both hands towards one sides corners.
@@thumbsdownbandit look what happened in the super cup final this year, Adrian made massive dives either side then seemed to just drag his foot on the last one and save Abraham's shot which went straight down the middle. I still think left or right works best.
@@thumbsdownbandit Exactly. I've saved penalties with my trailing foot before
just shoot higher, not at the boot
A truly great penalty taker waits until the last split second to decide, when they see the goalie commit to a side. But even if the goalie goes to the correct corner, a perfectly kicked penalty is still likelier to go in than to be saved; it'll be too fast, or just out of reach. Point is, it's not just a lottery, there is an actual skill to it that some are just better at than others, on both sides. And like any skill, it can be honed. It's the people who believe that it's just luck, who don't bother to practice, that are generally less good at it.
It also doesn't take into account the fact that the keepers feet will be in the middle even if he dives, so the striker will have to go middle high. That's quite a difficult movement to disguise, unlike a low side foot. Additionally even if a keeper guesses right, he has to get down low enough in time if the ball is in the corner as he can't reach it with his feet, so reflexes play a part.
Daniel Carr my thoughts exactly,obviously this is a case of people being good at math and game theory,but crap at football
If only there was another dimension... Seriously, shooting (relatively) high in the centre means there's no off-chance that there's still a foot in the way.
Besides, what people who are "good at football" but "crap at math" (to invert the previous poster's sentiment) don't get is that the mathematical approach takes all that into account. When you say "oooh, but a WELL-hit shot in the bottom corner is unsavable", you assume that there's a 100% chance that you hit that shot so well. In reality, that's the reason why footballers shoot into the corners - they think of themselves as infallible. To further illustrate that: for the longest time, teams from South America were particularly bad at penalties. Why? Because they loved to go for the stylish, high-skill, amazing shots in the top corners. Hitting those makes them almost impossible to save, but the top corner is also the most difficult to hit.
Bottom line in the question whether it would work or not is this: it does. That's why the statistics say so. There are people actually doing it (even if rarely), and they have more success than the others. Does that mean it'll work if everyone does it? Obviously not. But if I were to take a penalty shot right now, I should go for the centre.
Why has "at the ball" just absolutely slayed me?
I love how this is recommended to me after last nights European Championship final😂
😂 with so many 11 meter shots it is not so surprising... Never in my life was I so bored (with 2-3 exceptions).
Dont mention the war!
We've won 2 out of 9 now! :D
And now it's 3 out of 10.
"we"
@@biscuitsandbananas3433 3? vs who
@@EmptyHand49 Switzerland in the nations league. The second was in the 2018 world Cup vs Colombia, I think.
3 out of 11 Thanks to euro 2020
Chile rather like penalties these days.
Annoyingly as a child this happened to me. In a Cub Scout football match, I had been placed in defence. Not my natural position, but I did the best I could. For reasons passing understanding when my team got a penalty, the coach (father of the popular kid, who was obviously centre forward) told me to take it. We had not practiced penalties, so I was a little nervous. I kicked it straight at the keeper, who fell on it.
Nobody had told me that was statistically the best way to take a penalty, but I got a lot of grief for it from the team and was never moved out of defence. Wasn't asked to take a penalty again though.
anybody remembers the WC match when van gaal changed the goalie before penalties and won the game? Not sure how/if it relates to this videoclip, but I just remembered that moment after watching this clip. Damn, that's been some God's level inspiration right there!
I remember Frank Skinner suggesting that on Fantasy Football many years before van Gaal had the same idea. “The crowd would all be chanting, ‘here comes Penalty Man!’.”
@@kisbie what's fantasy football? And who is frank skinner??
@@blabla-rg7ky He’s a comedian. Been on QI a couple of times. Wrote and sang ‘Football’s Coming Home’ with David Baddiel. Around that time they had a comedy show about football called Fantasy Football League.
@@kisbie oh yeah, now I remember. I used to like (well, I still do) Three Lions. I remember that 90s song, and that's why FS rings a bell, too although I wasn't too sure about it. Will have to check out Fantasy Football, though cause I've never head of it. Thanks for the clarifications :)
@@kisbie It's called' Three Lions on a shirt' not 'Football's Coming Home' and he wrote it with the Lightning Seeds as well.
The only reason it is easier to score in the centre in professional football is because the keeper has to predict what way the player is going because their shots are very powerful. But if I went down the middle in a Sunday league game the keeper would probably save it because he wouldn't predict which way I was going, he would just try and save it wherever it went.
Yes I’ve read this the keeper has made his move before the ball has even been kicked
It happened! Morocco vs Spain World Cup 2022. The winning goal was straight at the goalie.
It's hilarious that players would rather lose than take a chance to look like a fool.
you mean people in general. It doesn't even have to be about sports. People would rather go on not understanding a subject, rather than speak up and be presumed to be dumb.
fans are savage... that might be the issue
Basketball has the same thing
This reminds me of a podcast I listened to about a basketball coach who determined that the surest way to make free throws from the foul line was to shoot the ball underhanded (granny style). But basketball players won’t do it because they feel foolish if they do it that way.
They should get Sara Cox back for a few episodes, she was good.
England vs Italy 2012 Pirlo
There once was a footballer from Brazil, who had a knack of scoring penalties. He took part in a coaching series of films, sponsored by Pepsi-Cola.
He gave the answer to this question: practice a single style, and always do that, achieve the highest speed on the ball you can. Always aim the ball low, and within two feet of the post. The only way the goalkeeper can reach the ball is if he moves first, which the referee should penalise.
Well practiced, the only risk is the referee making a bad call. That man's name was Edson Arantes do Nascimento, also known as Pelé.
I'll take his word for it.
lmao the build up to this was intense
The goalkeeper is allowed to move before the ball is kicked, but must remain on the goal-line between the goal-posts, facing the kicker, without touching the goalposts, crossbar, or goal net.
In fact the keeper always moves first. The ball travels so fast it’s a prediction as to what way the keeper goes not a reaction
"... or be German"
Lmao
Judging by how often they just miss the goal completely, aiming at the middle should probably be their go-to regardless of what the keeper does.
You can't take a penalty based on stats alone. If you always kicked it down the middle, keepers would know and would stand still when facing you. The best penalty takers usually vary where they aim.
What a day for this to turn up on my feed. Unlucky Harry.
The best part of this clip is that the name tags are completely unexplained.
New Message, are you reverse-stalking me? I've seen your (generally quite witty/ amusing) comments on QI, Colbert, etc, etc -- so many of the things I watch. Cheers to our excellent sense of humor
Cheers on your excellent taste in videos!
Well there's more to the episode than this clip mate
Does anyone know what the song playing at the end is?
You couldn’t kick it into the centre many times before goalies learnt and saved it every time.
This is nonsense. Look up what a meta game is.
You're the one spouting nonsense, Trefz.
True the amount of research goalies do on players before a game on every aspect is insane
What you want to do is what the goalie least expects, so if put it right most times go left, put it left most times go right, put it centre most choose the side the goalie is weakest in. Of you follow this line of logic your target would be mostly random and since the goalie knows you're folliwing this logic putting where he normally doesnt go is where hed expect it and putting it where he normally goes is his strongest side. All in all you should just randomise it consistently over many games unlesss there is a big dissadvantage for one side or another. Straight down the middle only works in non-pro play
The odd thing is that England’s first penalty shootout ‘miss’ (Stuart Pearce, 1990) was kicked straight down the middle.
Geoff Hurst was the master-blaster penalty taker. Only saw one of his saved - by Gordon Banks for Stoke v West Ham. Georgia Stanway takes them in similar style for the Lionesses.
are you watching Gareth Southgate?
People are missing the obvious that just because the keeper guesses the correct way doesn't mean he will make the save, the best penalties produce a goal irrelevant to where the keeper dives.
I thought the Germans usually go far right
"Surely they're all on the far right"
However, some experts say that the Nazi party was actually very left leaning on many subjects.. There were those outliers of course...
Too soon my friend. Too soon
Don't mention the war!
Ba Dum Tiss...
Also, if the players actually started hitting it straight down the middle, it would only take a few matches before goal keepers would start staying put a lot more often. So this strategy wouldn't work for long.
Shoot at a different place every time
Not really taking into account the fact that if someone routinely hits it down the middle, a keeper who has done his homework will know this and not move.
The best tactic in football is to score at least one more goal than your opponent. And the best tactic for a taking a penalty is to kick the ball past the goalie and into the back of the net.
And not kick the floor, making the ball go over the goal to the cheers of Home fans
That tactic is only good if you want to win. But if you are playing for the bookies, then you want to lose.
Strictly speaking that’s the front of the net.
Thanks Micheal Owen
Actually the best tactic is to make all your players do constant backflips while shuffling from side to side... ;)
In the North American Soccer League ca. 1980, the shootout was taken from 35 yards out with five seconds to dribble and shoot -- more like a hockey shootout
The best way to hit the penalty is in the lower corner. Since the GK will always leap guessing left or right to save the ball. On mid air the GK can adjust to lift or lower his arms to reach for the ball. So anywhere in the middle left or right area is an easy save. Striking it in the low corner with lots of power is always next to impossible to stop. Since it’s the most difficult area for the GK to reach. The GK has to fall close to the ground and stretch his arms to reach it. The riskiest area is always the top corner since hitting the ball with lots power means the ball will often most likely fly over the post. The 2nd best penalty as discussed here in the middle called the Paneka is the most difficult to execute. Since its a technical shot where you must fake to fool the GK to commit to leap left or right when you strike the ball with finesse to loop into the middle.
You can hit the ball with lots of power in the lower part of the goal as well. There is just more shooting mechanics to do if you want to shoot it higher. If you decide to shoot at a higher angle you have to shoot with less force for it to hit the net, unless the angle is perfect and youre able to shoot the ball straight. Basically if you want to shoot higher there are more things that can go wrong
Agreed. Technically the best place to aim is the top corner, but that requires you to get the elevation of the shot perfect and often results in penalties missing the goal entirely. A powerful shot low to the ground is almost always on target.
My favourite penalty ever was by Christian Benteke for Crystal Palace against Leicester in April 2018. The reason being that in the camera angle from behind the goal, you can clearly see Leicester's Harry Maguire telling the Keeper to stand tall, anticipating a shot down the middle. What happens next? The keeper dives to the side and Benteke blasts it down the middle to score. Whilst he is being mobbed by his team mates Harry Maguire turns his back in disgust.
i like the name tags :D
Nah, if the goalkeeper goes center-left or center-right, he can still catch the ball. So whether the goalkeeper goes center-left or center-right: Good chance your ball is caught. Goalkeepers don't always fully jump in one corner
I was always taught to aim top corner as the goalie can't reach, but I would imagine that you are reducing tour target area making missing a bigger possibility.
The issue there is that you are introducing a high likelihood of missing completely.
Should have shown this video to the squad before Sunday's match!!!!!!!
When that man first spoke and the caption said ‘Sara Cox’, I was super-confused!
I'd aim straight down the middle. I'm so bad it would go towards one corner or the other.
lmao
Tell Ronaldo that aiming for the top right is a bad choice...
Now we’ve won the bloody penalties
Also, if the players start regularly going for the middle cause that's the most 'statistically likely to succeed' the keepers will then dive to the side less, making it quickly the least likely to succeed option.
Hence why we've ended up at the current situation, where you go for the middle just occasionally.
Not really. There's a Nash equilibrium somewhere, but if we actually were there, the chances would be equal for all parts of the goal.
If you're looking at statistics, sure. But otherwise, top right or top left has to be the best, no? I mean not many (of any) goalkeepers could get up to the top left/right bin in time to save it. Then again, I wonder how many players aim for the top and miss though? Interesting !
Yes I think you're right, top corner is virtually impossible for a goalkeeper to reach. However I think they are also taking into account how difficult it is to place the ball perfectly in the top corner every time. There's a big risk of the ball hitting the post or crossbar, or missing the goal completely. Hitting it down the middle is probably a more reliable strategy because most footballers should be able to do it.
England's record is slowly improving...
Yeah, who knows; give it another 5 or 6 decades, and we might win another shootout haha. 😀👍
Missing a bit of Bayes flavoured nuance here. Likelihood of scoring, given an area of the goal (eg top left), should be a function of the likelihood that the keeper won't go that way and the likelihood of the keeper saving, given that they went the right way. The keeper might not stay central very often, but when they do they'll almost always save; conversely, the keeper might go top left 40% of the time, but actually only save those shots 30% of the time when he guesses correctly.
Who’s left - kicker or goalie?
0:54
Bernardo Silva says hello
The klaxon for top corner is totally wrong. If you hit the extremes of the goal at a reasonable speed, the goalkeeper cannot physically reach the ball in time.
leiya107 yeah, it’s just a lot less probable that you’ll hit it perfectly into the top corner. High risk high reward
The question was where should you aim. Sure it's more difficult for the keeper to save a shot in the top corner but if you miss hit it by half a meter you dont score where as if you aim for the middle and miss by half a meter chances are that you still score
Surely if "if you miss" is in the equation, even in aiming down the centre there is also the probability that you will miss as well. As far as I know, Beckham at least missed twice aiming the middle. I appreciate that statistically speaking aiming down the middle grants you the most success, but I was pointing out the fact that theoretically aiming for corners is 100% successful (providing that you actually have skills and don't miss; there's a reason why there is such a thing as "great penalty takers"), and so the klaxon is wrong.
In theory you are actually quite correct, if one could aim for the top corners perfectly every time with decent strength, top corners would easily be the best choice as they are easily the hardest penalties to save, but IN PRACTICE, we know that as good as any player is, hitting the top corner from a penalty is still extremely difficult, even with mild strength. Even for the best players like Messi, Ronaldo, etc: that's very difficult and there's a higher risk when going for the top corners, so statistically speaking, considering that only 2% of the time a keeper will stand still, it is practically speaking more sound to shoot for the middle. (of course one should not make a habit of where one is shooting)
Wrong, you must be a shit goalie
They didn't mention you need to hit it high down the middle - or you could do a Gareth Southgate/ Stuart Pearce
If the goalie stood have a step to the right. Would that subtle difference effect how the kicker sees the goal and make him kick more to that side as it looks like more room.
Why are the name tags all wrong? Even though I'm Canadian, I definitely know the woman on the left is Sue Perkins from "The Great British Baking Show."
pain
Hope Solo listens to Alan Davies
Pearce hit it straight and it was saved!
I have to say, as a keeper, I've saved a lot more penalties straight down the middle than top bins
well but lampard was quite amazing at penalties once he had to take 3 in a row and the all went in... if we forget about statistics for a sec, wouldnt the best way be a high speed ball on the floor just at the pole? goalkeeper cant jump as fast or far and land on the floor to touch ball and potentialy save it... the ball is faster than the keeper falling down
And how high are your chances to hit the goal? Because for the top pros it's about 90%, and that's an average over all speeds and regarding everything in the far 20% of either side as a shot at that corner. When you talk about high speed and close to the pole, it'll probably be less than 90%. And that doesn't take into account that goalies still save 90% of those, leaving you with 90%*90%=81%. Meanwhile shooting at the centre fifth (at mid height) gives you 94.4% chance to score.
Stephen says England have won 1 out of 8 shootouts, but at the time of recording I'm pretty sure England had only taken part in 7 in major international tournaments:
W Germany 1990
Spain 1996
Germany 1996
Argentina 1998
Portugal 2004
Portugal 2006
Italy 2012
This was made before we beat Colombia in 2018, so where is the 8th? Is he also counting shootouts that involve teams other than the men's senior team?
You're missing one against Belgium in 98, in the King Hassan II International Cup in Morocco.
This just reminded me that Chile beat Argentina in a shootout to win the South American cup. Played two lost two what?
I think this episode was filmed before Chile won
This is on about the World Cup rather than the South American cup
Pastor Maldonado can't be right as England won their only shoot out in euro 96, not a world cup.
This clip is like 4 years old
I can't believe one of them is wearing an Orioles shirt!
Maybe hypnosis is the way to go, the English manager could just pull out a pocket watch before it begins and go 'When I snap my fingers you're German'
Le Tissier missed just ONE of his 47 penalties during his 16-year career.
Quite interesting: Easily the most interesting football has ever been!
also, as other people have pointed out, totally wrong. It takes obvious truth that keepers don't often stand still during penalties are completely gets everything else wrong around it. The most interesting thing about this video is it shows the QI researchers not thinking in even simple second order effects, and has them just assuming that they've figured something out over the people who actually take penalty kicks.
2/14 now!
If every footballer started kicking it in the middle, the goalies would start standing in the middle a lot more than they do now.
Then trick them by going to the side.
It'll make them scared to dive until after they see which direction the ball is going, just to make sure it's not going straight for them. But by then, it'll be too late for them to dive.
78% or 698/895 penalties in the middle have been successful, while 97% ( 67 of 69) of all penalties in the top corner have been successful. Even the bottom corner is more successful, even with all the posts and misses.
Not the worst anymore!!! 2/9 now!
The split should be about 1/3 for all spots. Once you favor one spot much more, then it gets defended. It would have to be obvious, and it's not, so it really doesn't matter. Any of the three spots are acceptable. Now it's just execution.
I always whack it at the Goalies Bollocks and then if they move I score, and if they don't they get hurt.
ever heard of these things called hands
@@AJSpart Keepers are probably not fast enough to respond. Humans need at least a second before they even start reacting, so if the ball is at the keeper within a second, he wouldn't have had any time to react.
@@adibkhanam763 So they base their decision on very little information, and not on actual knowledge about what way the ball is being shot.
PGraveDigger1 unless you have a Saturn v for a foot they will probably have that long to react
In amateur football the keepers don't dive as much so going down the middle might be worse.
I'll never forget the football game in P.E that went to penalties and I drew the short straw and wound up in goal. They picked the biggest lad to belt the ball in and I reasoned that because he's a dick, he'll aim it at me and not the goal. Surely enough, the ball went straight for my face and I (thankfully) caught it. Chap looked a bit daft. 😄
Didn't chile win one in the copa America or whatever
Yes, they have won the last two editions of Copa América. Both times beating Argetina in the final on penalties.
If they were to change their behaviour due to the past statistics, then the future statistics are altered and the probabilities are not the same.
Speed
You also have to take into consideration the research that the opposite teams does on the penalty takers. They look at all their penalties and see if they have a preferred place to aim and if there are any tells or patterns.
Sometimes you don't even need to bother with research. Jens Lehmann managed to psyche out the Argentina takers in the 2006 World Cup by consulting a piece of paper that only had one or two names on it.
Watch money ball, they get players other people don't understand how to use or that aren't wanted because they pitch strangely or similar.
Another issue with going down the middle is that even if they dive go the side, keepers are commonly tall and even the ones with best reflexes still dive a bit late, so you're prone to hitting a shin or foot.
I’m sure I’ve read most keepers actually react before the footballer has even kicked the ball.
@@petejammo88 yeah the best penalty kick takers actually watch the keeper getting ready to dive and make a last minute decision where to shoot. But it's very hard to make that last split second decision.
Pirlo vs Pinto, he must have felt so bad.....
this is not actually true, the top corner is impossible for a goaly to reach but the problem is there is no footballer good enough to consistently put it in the top corner without missing the goal altogether. If you got a robot to kick it in the top corner it would score 100% of the time, if it aimed for the middle then it would not
Because they don't have the man, the myth, the legend.
Scott Sterling.
Just aim for the keepers face, he'll get out of the way
Get it past the goalie, between the sticks and under the bar?
lol@engerlund
I thought the answer was "Act like you're hurt"
Not if your names chris wood the guy always went down the middle never seen him miss one
Straight down zee mittal iz zee German way!
Yeah but if any given player always went middle, for the statistical adv, any given GOALIE would know this and the stats for their personal middle penalties would plummet to 0.
They don't 'always' have to go down the middle, just do it once to get an easy goal. Obviously the strategies will start evolving once people do this but the point is nobody is doing it yet.
that's the vardy way
If I had the reflexes to be a goalkeeper, I would look at the eyes of the player who's going to shoot. They would have to be very disciplined NOT to look last at the place they were going to kick. My theory is that the Germans know this.
England's record is better now!
Apt today.
It depends on the goalkeeper, some goalkeepers just guess and jump in one direction, but the very best Goalkeepers anticipate which direction the ball is going and go in the right direction more often than not so against such a goalkeeper they would save a high number of kicks sent down the middle.
I got a klaxon.
Best penalty takers don't hit the ball until the goalie moves. If the goalie doesn't move they'll drive it hard into a corner.
One of the corners at decent speed is more likely to be physically impossible to save. If you have the ability to hit in accurately into the corner every time and can also read the goalie it’s best not to go low down the middle at least as a trailing leg can be thrown out and stop it. Speaking as someone with a 100% record when taking penalties (albeit no where near pro level)
The stats are different after the world cup
take darts, bad players aim for 19 because the numbers next to it are bigger than the numbers next to 20, but you wont see a good player going for 19's because they are good enough to hit the 20, same with penalties if you take an average sure the middle is the best place but its definitely not the best place
Crikey he's wearing an Os t!