Serial Communication with Arduino - The details!
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- Опубликовано: 7 июл 2024
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Are you wondering what the heck serial communication is?
Maybe you have been using some functions from the Arduino Serial library, like Serial.begin() and Serial.print()
and they leave you wondering more about this serial communication thing - I mean, how does it actually work!?
In this lesson you will learn:
What is “serial communication”?
What is a USART anyway?
The nitty gritty of basic serial communication
The different roles of start bits, data frames, parity bits, and stop bits
What the heck baud rate it - and why it is SO crucial
The (lack of) significance of the baud rate 9600
DON’T GET SCARED!
OK - before we start, I want to warn you that this lesson is filled with technical terms, probably like 572 of them!
I know when you’re new to electronics, all this crazy sounding jargon can be confusing, and you might think it will all be way over your head.
And it might be all “over your head” for a while (it still might be over my head 😉 - but as you get more familiar with these terms, and see them used and explained in different ways, over time all the crazy stuff will start to sink in.
I’ll try to explain all the jargon along the way as best as I can, but just in case you miss something… here is a chart listing all the terms used here:
(see chart here! - bit.ly/3B19py9)
TERM DESCRIPTION
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
USART Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit
ATMEGA328P Microcontroller The primary microcontroller used On Arduino UNO and MEGA - has built-in UART
ATmega16U2 Microcontroller A microcontroller used on the Arduino UNO and MEGA that has a built in USART. This microcontroller is used as a USB to serial converter.
RX Receive. Often, the connection designated to receive a signal is marked with RX.
TX Transmit. Often, the connection designated to transmit a signal is marked with TX.
USB Universal Serial Bus
TTL Transistor-transistor logic
ASCII American Standard Code For Information Interchange
WHAT THE HECK IS SERIAL COMMUNICATION?
In a nutshell, serial communication is a method of sending and receiving information one bit at a time.
Serial communication takes many different forms, we will only discuss one of them in detail here.
Just like there are many ways to communicate from one person to another, there are many ways to serially communicate from one device to another.
Probably the most familiar method of serial communication is over USB. If you didn’t know, USB stands for Universal Serial Bus.
USB is a serial communication protocol. A protocol is just a way of doing something. Maybe you have a protocol for what to do if you can’t find your phone…
Curse a couple times
Mentally walk through the places it could be
Look in the last room you were in
Blame the kids for losing your phone
Look on the bathroom shelf
Get one of your family members to call you, so you can hear it ring in the basement, buried in the laundry basket
USB is but one of many serial communication protocols that your Arduino can use. It’s also able to communicate using these common protocols…
CONTINUED...
bit.ly/3B19py9
**About Us:**
This Arduino lesson was created by Programming Electronics Academy. We are an online education company who seeks to help people learn about electronics and programming through the ubiquitous Arduino development board.
**We have no affiliation whatsoever with Arduino LLC, other than we think they are cool.**
This was incredibly helpful. This answered a bunch of questions that I had asked other engineers and either got explanations I didn't understand or just got a shrug. Thanks for taking the time to make this video 🙌🏽
Thanks so much for the note! Glad it helped!
You’re one of the best explainers I’ve ever seen on RUclips. Like this is Khan Academy level stuff. Nice job.
Thanks so much!! I hope it’s helpful!
Amazing video! I am totally new to electronics and was able to understand this topic because of your wonderful explanation.
Glad it was helpful! Thanks so much for watching!
If you send the msb first then each bit will have a different significance according to the total number of bits in the frame, sending lsb first means the first bit received is always the units bit, the second is the 2's bit and the third the fours etc. This is much simpler to implement in hardware rather than the complications of msb first.
Thank you Andrew! Makes sense!!
clear and understandable. Great Video!
Really great format: tell 'em what you're about to tell 'em; tell 'em; then tell 'em what you told 'em. Perfect. Also, provided answers to my two unknowns: what is a uart and what is baud and why 9600. Fab.
Glad it was helpful! That is pretty much or exact format! :)
Excellent explanation and appropriate use of didactic elements. Thanks
Thanks so much for watching and the feedback!
Great video, thanks.
Wow, you are an excellent teacher. Thank you for this!
Thanks for watching!
I was wondering what the heck serial communication is and this guy read my mind.
Glad it helped!
Great help. Thank you.😊🙌
You’re welcome! Thanks so much for watching!
Very helpfull sir now had better idea of how serial work thanks
Thanks for the note! I’m glad it helped some!
Nice video thanks :)
Glad you liked it! Thanks a ton for watching!
Great video
Thanks Adam!
Thank you
You're welcome! Thanks so much for watching!
Nice!
Thanks!
hahaha where were you when I was in college, studying engineering??😆😆 Nice job explaining the basics, dude keep it up👍👍
Thanks so much!! Really appreciate this note!
I thought TTL was Time To Live. Must have miss remembered it from my college days. Might want to check your arrow it is pointing to MSB not LSB again. I can't watch these videos without at least picking up one new thing every time. Another great video.
Thanks a ton for watching! We should have corrected that arrow position in this one.
Wow what a gem of a video! If you raise the baudrate does it mean you’ll use more power and if attached to a battery it wil run out faster?
Great question Brendan! I do not believe so...
When using the serial commands, it is going to be the same number of packets sent, only done at different rate.
@@programmingelectronics i’ve looked it up and found this answer: If you have crummy cabling, or long distances, poor grounding, noisy environment, then slower baud rates can give more reliable results. Slower also uses less power as CMOS power consumption is switching frequency dependent. If the serial comm's are buffered first, so that RS232 type levels (+/- 3 to +/-12V, one wire for send, one for receive, plus Gnd) or RS485 type signals (+/-3V, but with 2 wires for sending, 2 for receiving, plus Gnd) than higher speeds and longer distances can be supported more reliably.
So perhaps the power stays the same if you just send a fixed message. But if you’re using sensors and want to extract data you are probably takibg more samples at a givzn time with a higher baudrate and thus more processing power (energy consumption). At least that’s what i would assume
@@brendanboon9062 Cool! Thanks for these details!
10:25 , is this little endian structure? Where the most significant part of the binary number is stored on the right.
Wonderful explanation. I am a beginner kindly help me with this problem. How can a simple program be written that dynamically calculates the water volume used in a tank. Given a cubical container of breadth=5, length=10 and height =20. If the tank is filled with water to an appropriate height, I know the volume of water is volume of water = volume of tank minus volume of empty space. Now, how do is the amount of water used calculated if the volume of water keeps being removed downwards after some time?
Great question Winston!
With Arduino, any code in the loop() function gets repeated over and over again, as long as you have your Arduino plugged in.
Assuming you have a sensor that can report the relative amount of water in your tank, like an eTape (www.adafruit.com/product/464), then you can just read from the sensor and calculate the new volume every time through the loop.
So inside loop, you might do something like:
- read value from water sensor --> eTapeReading = analogRead(eTapePin)
- convert eTape reading to height --> You'd have to look at the data sheet for a conversion to apply (or google)
- calculate volume V=πr2h ---> volume = PI * r * 2 * waterHeight
- display new volume --> Serial.println(volume)
Hope this helps some!
please begin the serial communication
We'll make sure to send the Start Bit ;)
you really sound like the new boston
It's pretty close!
you sound like stat quest
Great video, man!
Thanks! I hope it helped.
Thanks! I hope you found it helpful!
You’re one of the best explainers I’ve ever seen on RUclips. Like this is Khan Academy level stuff. Nice job.