The Science of Warp Drives
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- Опубликовано: 15 май 2016
- Warp drives, negative mass, exotic matter - these all sound like the stuff of science fiction. But MIT explains how our stranger-than-fiction universe could be explained by actual physics!
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Alcubierre Warp Drive visualization courtesy of Sergiu Ikarus ikarus.artstation.com/
Earth image courtesy of NASA
NASA's Is the Warp Drive Real? www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/tec...
Negative mass: einstein.stanford.edu/content...
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made with love at MIT
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Written by: Elizabeth Choe ‘13 with Isaac Yandow ‘15
Additional scripting: George Zaidan ‘08
Content review: Cooper Rinzler, MIT Allanore Research Group
Produced by: Elizabeth Choe ‘13
Director: George Zaidan ‘08
Editor: Per Hoel
Special effects: Loren Sherman ‘16
Production assistant: Ceri Riley ‘16
Hosted by: Isaac Yandow ‘15
Special thanks: Nika Hollingsworth
I love when science fiction meets science nonfiction. There's nothing more life-affirming than the clarity of fact.
Couldn't agree more.
Miguel Alcubierre Moya (born March 28, 1964 in Mexico City) is a Mexican theoretical physicist.[1] Alcubierre is known for the proposed Alcubierre drive, a speculative warp drive by which a spacecraft could achieve faster-than-light travel.
4:57 I understand from this statement that if we research into it, we can make Warp Drive Grenades
Hahah 🤣
Warp drive missle explodes on target in .1 seconds
People thought airplanes were impossible, so was going to the moon. The more we study the more we find that anything can be possible given enough time. I wish we all cared for science instead of killing each other over nonsense.
First we have to build a warp drive, then build directed energy weapons. That way we can destroy our enemies from orbit.
My Science...
Sadly all the advances you just listed arose from military technology, or were made and advanced for military purposes. I’m with you on wishing for an end to war, but counterintuitively warfare itself, or research related thereto often advances technology more quickly than other pursuits.
unfortunately though some of our best discoveries and inventiveness occurred while finding ways to win wars
so if there money ties in to our head then no one will ever move forward to future and inventing thing as long we put pride money selfish and jealousy no one is willing to go for there dreams.
You say a millennium I say about 100 years if technology advancement continues at it's exponential rate.
This ^^ Cause if you asked anyone in 1900 if they believed we would ever go to the moon, have touchscreen displays in everything, start producing laser weapons, explore the solar system with probes they would call you insane. However, 100 years later in 2000 we are doing that right now. So in 100 years from now, our technology (at our current progression rate) should be 3x what it's currently at. It's highly possible we'll achieve interstellar travel within 100 years.
3d people bending 4d"spacetime" is like saying trump did anything great. Besides It's just Einstein imagination of gravity. No concrete evidence in the lab.
@@ahitler5592 Maybe 4d people would come to us one day and teach us their technologies, or spare us some of these exotic matter? Like if you go into a 2d anime world trying to impress these 2d girls with you 3d tricks.
Ask Zefram Chochrane!
Haha, he'd undoubtedly be able to give a better explanation than I did! Fun fact: Alcubierre actually wrote William Shatner an email letting him know that the inspiration for his warp drive theory came directly from Star Trek!
True ! And as the Star Trek Universe has shown us Zefram Cochran H.S. grad here. The warp drive and impulse tech is proprietary. Time dilation would take more energy than could be installed on a space ship. Unmanned experimantal flights would shoot space junk at intelligent life, like Voyager 1 and 2. Warp bubble, good point, The Vulcans would be welcome LMAO
I love these videos - they help me engage and ignite curiosity in my high school physics students, and that my friends, is priceless!
Awww, thanks Judith! That's EXACTLY what I was hoping to do! I really hope your students enjoyed it!
Hooray! So happy to hear that, Judith!
yes I am :)
Isaac, Fork the Universe has posted something that means I can't show this to my students. Is there anyway to delete his comment?
Thank you!!!
4:54 imagine going to the north star and when u arrive you can't find it because its destroyed
great video, very easy to understand for someone not as MIT smart as others.
That's what the deflector dish on the enterprise was for, to deflect space dust
🍷👍 ACE!
Finally! A video on the Albuierre drive I can fully understand.
They slinky demonstration was super creative. Haven’t seen anyone else do the same.
Ha, I love you guys, would love to study at MIT! I also love how someone talks about blasting things into oblivion in a paper.
That was our favorite part, too :D
nice and clear explanation !
I love your video. Good visual quality, well researched and easily explained, funny and intelligently designed.
Great explanation. Like Vsauce or MinutePhysics, but easy to understand.
Except he is wrong nagitive mass, nagitive energy or the Casimir effect is spacetime contracting not expanding. Spacetime contracting because of mass is not the same as a massless spacetime geometry distortions. He is mixing mass gravity with alternative gravity. Alternative gravity is gravity not caused by mass like acceleration in a straight line. It is also from curved acceleration like a space wheel to make artificial gravity from spinning. It is also the expansion of the universe from dark energy. It is also caused by spacetime distortions not caused by mass like the Casimir effect. They are easy to mixup and most do even scientist. That is one of the main problems with solving this. They are mixing up the 2 different types of gravity with the massless bipolar spacetime geometry distortion.
Kudos! This is one of the single best explanations of the A-Drive I've seen. The slinky was particularly useful, too.
And it is wrong.
@@clementvining2487it seems that ball lightening is just as effective
Great video, easy to understand - Loved the slinky part.
But..... This was AMAZING..... I understood everyything here.... You are super amazing brooooooo.....
I've often wondered how that works. Thanks for posting.
Great explaining ! Thanks
Great Video Issac!
Of all the videos I've watched on this subject, your slinky metaphor was the ONLY one that made sense to me lol.
well we have negative mass now!!! created, 10/04/17 (april) and proven 17/04/17 at Washington state university
did the faster that speed of light expansion made a shadow that is slowly catching up or made it a wave that curves the universe.. just speculation since i had a dumb insight
What’s your source? From my understanding it wasn’t actually negative mass and really was just negative acting regular mass
@@Evultz well, a negatively acting mass will serve the same purpose as if its an actual negative mass. which is bending the space.
Scientists at the University of Oxford may have solved one of the biggest questions in modern physics, with a new paper unifying dark matter and dark energy into a single phenomenon: a fluid which possesses 'negative mass."
phys.org/news/2018-12-universe-theory-percent-cosmos.html
I have a colleague who consists of negative matter. :-/
Great explanation and analogy!
I will say this...
A warp gate, or magnetic sling shot with an achor would move you a lot faster than trying to find gripping points to warp, as you would bend a lot of space in your method.
A magnetic warp gate would be a magnetic sling shot, having a magnetic catch at the other end.
The warp drive, in my mind, would be what grips with the magnetic warp gate.
Through compounding measurements, meaning, lengths compounding with an energy-efficient magnetic charge, you can in theory travel faster than light.
Mind the G forces you'd experience.
But yeah, magnetic warp gate, and that's what I have to go to.
Hope this enlightened you.
As I feel the 'negative space' is a hoax.
Magnetic warp gate.
With a warp core as the gripper.
Feels easier than trying to warp all of space huh?
I think so.
Thanks for trying!
-JDB
The unknown is such a beautiful thing.
This reminds me of that time someone played Planar Bridge in MtG.
Have you guys taken a look at what David Pares is up to, from the University of Omaha? It looks like he's working on the same concept, but using a different energy approach. I'd be interested to see the two of you come together for a discussion. Could be very educational. Thanks!
Change the warp sphere to a warp torus, you'll drop the Jupiter size energy down to that of a pickup truck. And solve the energy accumulation problem. Harold White's idea not mine.
very nicely explained
The energy buildup on the outside of the bubble seems somewhat easy to overcome. Since space is relatively empty, you would have to make discrete "jumps", the maximum distance of which would be determined by the average particle/energy density of a given course. The maximum distance over which a jump could occur would correspond to whatever the maximum allowable energy discharge was determined to be. Maybe the ship could monitor this buildup from inside the bubble and just disengage whenever it reached critical levels. If the energy is projected outward as shown in your animation, then you could plot courses that made massive leaps into relatively empty space, and then smaller jumps when navigating through 'populated' regions. If the energy bursts are omnidirectional, then obviously the structural integrity of the ship or radiation shielding capabilities would be the driver. If it really requires the mass of Jupiter to operate and there's just no way around that, unfortunately I think the technology will never come to pass.
Dr. Sonny White at NASA has already said that "the energy equivalent of the mass of Jupiter" is no longer needed as they can use pulses to reduce the energy requirement.
@@Delosian Could you provide a link, please? I'm really curious about all of this.
From what I have heard recently Harold White, after peer review to confirm, while working on a related experiment, created a very small warp bubble
1:00 So it's like Okuyasu owning a galactically huge The Hand?
Why do the more recent videos have comments disabled ???
Dude you explained it well.
Now that a warp bubble has been created it would be nice to see an update to this.
This is fascinating
Would you run into all of the space debris out there doing a space warp?
I have a more basic possibility for medium to slow space travel in "jumps" you have your ship and in the back near the engine you have a spring chamber: these springs are compacted so that they return more energy than you put into them. So, you have like a metal ball and you push it into one of the springs in this chamber it pushes the ball back into the other spring and vice versa building up potential energy each time until you release it out the back of the ship and push yourself forwards very fast.
Thanks.well explained.
Awesome video dude
Thanks Ed! Awesome cat.
Watching science fiction from my childhood become a science fact has been amusing. Lasers that are hand held and able to burn or melt stuff. Tricorder like communication devices. Tiny chips that store information. AI and cybernetics. Ability to clone and genetic modify things... just to name a few 😁🤓❤
I feel smarter after watching this video. I actually learned a few this.
Fascinating
Have you seen the film, "Event Horizon" , that looks pretty similar to the "Gravity Drive" that DIDN'T work out to well
Tell 'em!
Thanks alot, now i know how nasa would warp travel i was so confused before
The plate experiment is not negative mass. It's less than the ZPE, but still a positive number.
Thumbs up for the slinky analogy....Feynman would be proud!
Love the video, bit disappointed I won't be going to visit the Andromeda Galaxy anytime soon sad!
-m effects are currently being studied not only theoretically, but experimentally, and the theoretical end has vastly optimized the energy required to generate those effects.
Furthermore, a properly engineered Alcubierre(-White) drive would probably have much more minute, culminating warp-effects than the 'brute-force' warp tensor with two gradients (which also means it could probably be fine-tuned enough to move through space in any direction at any speed and zero changes in actual velocity, imagine the erratic way UFOs move.). It's like comparing the most basic doodle of a rocket to the functional real life equivalent, or concentric circles to the complexity of a wi-fi signal.
So is this basically mean the universe itself is a warp bubble?
Maybe. Or maybe the universe is surrounded by an anti-warp bubble being pulled and stretched by negative forces exerted by the negative universe beyond.
Mathematical trickery, self-consistent in logic, absolutely unworkable in practice. I think the "Alcubierre warp drive" is just as fictional as the "Roddenberry warp drive", it assumes the existence of invented (and categorically impossible) physics to translate hard math into hard reality. Just more treknobabble, but written by a physicist instead of a screenwriter.
@@pwnmeisterage Actually, it doesn't even need negative mass but negative energy. And, that has been proven to exist just recently. Look it up if you don't believe me.
What if you took out the Higgs bozon in each of the atomic structures of the metal plates. Using some sort of 3D printing. Crazy future tech
I don't get it. So what will happen when you are near your destination? In terms of space you still have the same amount of space ahead of you, only very condensed. what happens when you turn off the warp drive? you bounce back to the beginning? or is there a way you can jump off 'stretched' space in to 'regular' space just before the slinky is being released again? :)
NASA better take the first warp jump by April 5th, 2063. I'll be almost 61 by then
I will be one 102 and Halley comet would have been seen for the second time in my life!
And another thing mankind will be in the Stone Age again at the rate we are going by April 5th, 2063.!
01:38 - stated as fact, but this is actually a theory. Thank you for the excellent explanation of warp drive.
Sir can i use your video cllip for my video?
You know, negative mass is sounds like 2 same magnet that force to unite. But instead unite they are seperate with enough push power
Sorry for this question I don’t really understand.If you expand space behind you then you
move earth then it would be effected by time dialation
So say that the bubble does collect dust and things; wouldn't an easy solution be to collect the debris that would hit the ships bubble with another warp bubble (or bubbles) ahead of it, so when the ship returns to regular space-time, the bubbles in front would keep going and carry the explosions away?
I've alway heard Warp drives explained as acting in the exact opposite way. The drive contracts or condenses space behind the ship. Then space, wanting to expand back to where it was depleted, in a equilibrium like manner, propels the ship forward FTL, because space itself can expand FTL.
Is this the difference between an Alcubierri drive and fictional warp drives?
Thanks
The problem is it not really expanding or shrinking space its pushing space behind us and ultimately we would move faster then light, the problem it find something to push against like a magnet gliding away from the opposite end.
4:51
That sounds an awful lot like an Exterminatus Cyclonic torpedoe
Just exactly how can space expand and contract. And how can you measure the expansion and contraction?
We need a navigational deflector. To stop the buildup of small particles and stop them from drilling through the ship at high speed.
Awesome
When I was by invite only to an engineering conference of MIT along the Charles River and along Vassar Street of Cambridge, we discussed such a topic with Dr. Scott Chubb, Dr. Peter Hagelstein, Dr. Brian Ahern, and Dr. Mitchell Swartz.
Hyperdrives comprised of Neutron flux upon aperiodic quasicrystals for Weekend two instantaneous trips between galaxies are more realistic since 10^19 Gev would exceed CERN while altering gravity claims always remain questionable to remember how only Japanese anime described implications of warp drive.
I noticed how you turned off comments for "nuclear" since MIT is one of the few places, I can write about nuclear engineering proposals based on physics without hysterias as I remember how a Ruby Carat of Eureka California posted a comic strip online where a "Pointed Haired Boss" freaks at "nuclear".
Would it cause time dilation .plz ans
here is a solution to the issue of accumulated space debris..
undulating tear shaped warp field, designed to "push" debris out and around the outer edge of the warp bubble.
Yeah, 1966 communicators,
2022 iPhones.
I’m ready for Warp Drive now.
I am concerned to hear about ongoing research into warp drives while not concurrently hearing about research into Gellar Field generators. You do NOT want to do a warp jump unshielded guys.
Mass is not energy, it is structure. Energy is movement, or relative movement, the opposite of structure.
Negative Energy Generator
By James AraSmith
“In the late 1800s, Max Planck studied the effects of radiation (electromagnetic waves). In the following years, Albert Einstein extended the work to “quantize” radiation, eventually becoming the quantum energy equation for light and for all frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g. radio waves, microwaves, x-rays, etc).”(energywavetheory.com)
Because an electron is a wave, thus having a frequency, Planck’s relation, E=vh, applies. Because said electron has mass, E= MC^2 applies. Because both are equations representing the energy of the electron, E=E or vh=MC^2
E=MC^2
E= vh (only variables are E and v)
h= plank’s constant
V= frequency
E/C^2=M
(vh)/C^2=M (only variables are E and v)
(-vh)/C^2=-M
-E=-vh
Scientists say that negative energy and negative mass MUST exist. If negative energy MUST exist, negative frequency MUST exist.
IF I understand my references, negative frequency is 1/-t. T= time. A generated wave contains both a positive and negative frequency. A causal filter will block the positive frequency but will not block the negative frequency.
-T is greater than or equal to C
T is less than or equal to C
The electron and the negative electron
The mass of an electron is 9.1*10^-31
9.1*10^-31= (vh)/C^2
Solve for v.
V= 1.23432*10^20 Hz or 123.432 EHz
Because an electron has mass, it moves slower than C.
Now change v to a negative and rework the equation.
(-1.23432*h)/C^2 = -(9.1*10^-31)
Because the negative electron has negative mass and negative frequency, it moves faster than C.
The Higgs field
The Higgs field is responsible for giving an electron its mass. It is done through a weak hyper charge.
It is unclear to me if the frequency itself gives the electron its hyper charge.
The generator
X-ray, electromagnetic radiation of extremely short wavelength and high frequency, with wavelengths ranging from about 10−8 to 10−12 metre and corresponding frequencies from about 10^16 to 10^20 hertz (Hz).
If I understand things correctly, a causal filter could block out the positive x-ray frequency, leaving only the negative.
If the 123.432EHz target frequency does produce a weak hyper charge on its own, then it reacts with the Higgs field instantly. Therefore, the wave would not be traveling at C and would not produce a negative frequency. Because of this, the frequency would need to be oscillated in and out of the target frequency. Each time the wave oscillated into the frequency, the wave would split into an electron traveling slower than C (which would then be filtered out), and a negative electron traveling faster than C.
If the 123.432EHz target frequency doesn’t produce a weak hyper charge on its own, then a weak hyper charge would need to be added to and subtracted from the frequency to get the same effect. It is not clear to me how this would be done.
References:
- ruclips.net/video/-PWg-0k2oks/видео.html
- Jonathan Prout facebook.com/groups/isaacarthur/permalink/2486492631653931/
- en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck%E2%80%93Einstein_relation
- ruclips.net/video/Nupda1rm01Y/видео.html
- ruclips.net/video/gHAaoTMrc3A/видео.html
- ruclips.net/video/msVuCEs8Ydo/видео.html
- ruclips.net/video/1YFrISfN7jo/видео.html
- www.britannica.com/science/X-ray#:~:text=X-ray%2C%20electromagnetic%20radiation%20of%20extremely%20short%20wavelength%20and,to%20other%20electromagnetic%20radiation%20within%20the%20electromagnetic%20spectrum.
- ruclips.net/video/q486KH2t_Ec/видео.html
- energywavetheory.com/equations/ehf/
- www.scienceabc.com/pure-sciences/louise-de-broglies-hyothesis-is-an-electron-a-particle-or-a-wave.html#:~:text=In%20short%2C%20in%20conjunction%2C%20the%20electron%20is%20both,became%20central%20to%20the%20plots%20of%20science%20fiction.
5:00 "all that high energy space stuff would basically blast every living thing in your destination into oblivion"...
some high command general watching this video: hummmmm... 👀
ok but I think the reason so many people cant comprehend warp is because its been over complicated - I think Nasa realised what can be achived with a y shaped antenna witha coil at the middle producing a solid state warp drive with the dipole end being negating and the base of the y shape positive; resulting in the movement; this is the simple beginings aof a warp drive...
Now imagine a circular antenna with c shaped antennas around the coil - what owuld happen is a fourier wave with em waves moving in the direction the c shaped antennas are facing and in turn movement in either the direction of the fourier wave or opposite direction of the forier wave; meaning em space have been channelle dina direction; essentially a methodology of hyper space which would infer fasterer moevment...
This c shape around a ring idea, is alsoe a wave to float possible without use of anti-matter; unless you percieve anti-matter as a wave in place of matter; essensially a magnet produced warp fields that are reduced by the evironment; so if in a true void a magnet fields would propergate forever with no diminishing lines...
This is why I think the USA with they advanced knowledge of Earths core - are sitting on something like advance technology along with Russians and British maybe - as well as possiby Japan and new comers China again maybe?
So those rign antenna ship will move if an antenns is at 90degrees producing a fourier wave like effect...and if you add in magnetrons you can produce waves at the speeds of an electron moves around a ring..so in essense a small disortion in a direction acts like pull or pushing space in a direction...
think of how far we have come now already in the short time we've found technology we just don't have the instruments to show us the kind of energies and stuff we need to go at warp speeds. it will happen trust me and a lot quicker than most people think
I have know idea why or how I came up with this idea to create warp fields (and gravity) but I have had it as long as I can remember. It involves spinning electric charges in opposition but with many many different circles. If I take a charge and spin it I one direction but at the leading edge you are spinning an ecltromagnetic charge in the opposite direction and on the edge of that circle you are spinning another charge in opposition and so on ..you would create enough ecltromagnetic fluxes that u would in effect warp space without needing an unrealistic amount of mass or energy...or maybe I'm just stupid
So what would the warp Drive actually be Bending what properties does space have
Do one on the flying tic tacs.
My brain exploded at about 4 minutes....I'll try to watch it again..in a few billion trizzillion years...
Nice.
Question:
When the warp drive is turned off, how far would you have gone? Would you not just have travelled the same distance you normally would - without the warp drive?
I originally thought that you would be surfing on the compressed bow-wave to push through space faster - stretching the space-time that the ship travelled in rather than in the stable bubble within.
This guy's interpretation is nonsense it doesn't work like that.
All you need is a cup of tea. It produces enough chaos for the infinite improbability drive
Sounds a LOT like a star wars hyperdrive. Just reduce the explosion to a loud sound
By the way, you don't need both expansion and contraction to get to your destination. You only need one: either contract space and have the destination come to you or expand space and have you go to it. If negative energy is so hard to achieve, then focus on positive energy to get to your destination.
Yeah, like that’s going to work - try manipulation a Jupiter’s size worth of mass.
At the least it could be used to create high speed proton beam for super-luminal communication arrays between stars. Got to get the gear to target star first though.
Very interesting. I always thought warp technology worked by "folding" two points in space together.
Lile drawing two points on a piece of paper and then folding it so the dot are on top of on another.
Also, the video never mentioned where the energy to power such a trip would come from....
You would need exotic matter to do the job
Folding a point in space over another it's more like a wormhole
That’s called a wormhole
How about creating a Hz bubble around the vehicle you travel on
What I want to know is? What is the maximum warp a ship can travel. In star trek they say warp 10 as then you would be travelling at infinite speed. Yet another show I watched they were in a ship travelling at warp 12. According to the laws of physics is there a maximum speed
If the Universe expanded at the speed of light it would not be 14 billion light years wide... It would be 28 billion light years wide. Nonetheless, great video!
True! But I was referring to radius. The radius of the universe is 46.6 billion light years. Much larger than the 14 billion we would expect! (Or equivalently, it has a diameter of 93.2 billion light years, much larger than the 28 we expect!)
The slinky example is flawed, the ship would move at subluminal speeds in its frame reference and superluminal in Earth's frame reference, which still doesn't mean it reaches the other star any faster. Am I right?
Would we not then have to survey the route from here to the North Star or risk hitting something on the way?
Thanks for explaining it in layman's terms!
Would there be a "snap back"?
There's been some talk of using some kind of proton forcefield to deflect matter and energy buildup (in theory) so blasting your exit point wouldn't happen. Also, there's been a revision using a different model from the Alcubiere-Froning which looks interesting. Heres the link: ruclips.net/video/n38aP2tROBo/видео.html
I love this😍
yeah they say you need a em convection - and and this is done by antennas - the ring warp drives are Antennas...
So one simple easily understood approach is a basic magnet flier where the em bubble expands and contract em waves....and by using additional configurations the so poles are warps and the north pole now has something to be attracted to - and this is at the speed of light but slowed somewhat due to the mass of the magnet - but thats whether other antennas creates wave form collisions and add an additional waves that act like the ideas of hyper spaces so these was move the ship faster..
the double right ship is just a em bubble inside another bubble- same principal as above...meaning this isnt rocket science literaly if true...
Even if this is not the approach taken it will continue to involve a antenna to create a fourier wave dynamic...Personally I believe its already be done! For some reason people who may want to leave or access other technologies are being impeded from such access by person for some reason???Yes thats right I predict people are being impeded from leaving?
All that energy around the warp field could be directed into coils, something along the lines of a plasma reactor could be used to store said energy.
The stored or use of the energy is good but the warp field well not collect particles and energy. It isn't a force field if you don't use it or deflect it it well destroy the ship that is nonsense.
Trekkies clicking onto video: *The excitement of my heart is beating faster than Warp 10*
Trekkies at the end of the video: *sad noises*
I think we might achieve this in the next 500 years or so
Thank you the slinky is the perfect example