Yes, Alfred Nobel invented dynamite, intending it for mines and construction but ended up being used in war. He created the Nobel prize because one day, a false report came out that he died, and his local newspaper printed an obituary for him, which called him the merchant of death because of how dynamite was used. He did not want to be remembered that way, hence he created Nobel prizes.
@@pinkpenzu the same for Rockefeller and Andrew Carnige. --------- Charities showed them that supporting public artwork projects would make change public perception of their families, from ruthless monopolistic industrialist to benevolent community supporters. ------ Those tactics worked for sure.
Shame, Merchant of Death is amazing nickname. My husband owns a 3D printer and in his spare time makes drone chassis for the International Legion in Ukraine. He's very proud of his work.
@@d1tto232 You just demonstrated being completely and utterly ignorant about what Nobel Prizes there are. Wonder what that tells us about your values of sloth and ignorance.
Kenneth Branagh played the role of Niels Bohr, he is a brilliant actor. He's also a great writer and director. He won the best original screenplay Oscar a few years ago for the film Belfast. It's a terrific film that you should watch at some point.
I've seen this movie multiple times now. I still get chills and tear up at that final scene, and I'm not completely sure why. It just hits so hard and taps into realization of the peace we have all mostly lived in since then. Until we don't.
I've literally just finished watching this through my home cinema. The first few seconds when his thoughts were forming made my house shake and scared the crap out of me.
30:17. That's Gary Oldman playing President Truman. You watched him before, playing Sirius Black in the Harry Potter movies, and Norman Stansfield, the corrupt policeman in The Professional. He won an Oscar for playing Winston Churchill in Darkest Hour. Yup. He's the kind of actor you watch in five consecutive movies and don't realize is the same guy. You may like his earlier work as Dracula in Bram Stoker's Dracula, Beethoven in Immortal Beloved, or as Sid Vicious in Sid and Nancy. ✌
Man, I didn't even realize that was him playing Winston Churchill in Darkest Hour until your comment. That man is truly a chameleon. I'm a big fan of everything I've seen him do, but I never actually know that it's him when I watch it.
This is why we go to the movies. I may be nerding out, but this was the physics nerd version of The Avengers, I was like "Einstein", "Faynman", "Bohr","Fermi"! LOL
Marijke, I love how Kitty deals with Dr. Oppenheimer throughout the movie. ----- She cuts him no slack when it comes to dealing with the political and scientific people in their circles. ------ She sees them being on a mission to change the world and bring an end to WWII. ------- Of course, as a woman dealing with his extra-marital activities, causes even the most logical human mind to feel natural human emotions. ------ As we see Kitty imagining Jean Tatlock being intimate with her husband. ----- Chris Nolan makes us feel that intensity at every turn.
Los Alamos had human computers. Desks of math majors operating electromechanical calculators, run by a human control program ... Feynman. Rabi worked on radar instead. Goedel was a logician who led to Turing which led to my laptop. Bethe was the first man to understand solar fusion.
While there is a relationship between Kurt Gödel and Alan Turing, it is incorrect to claim Gödel led to Turing and that Turing led to the modern computer. One of the earliest computers was the Z3 designed by Konrad Zuse in 1938 and completed in 1941. It was the first working programmable, fully automatic digital computer and he developed this without reading Turing's paper. Even earlier than that, between 1836 and 1840, Charles Babbage wrote 26 coding examples for his Analytical Engine.
Such a great reaction! I’ve seen quite a few where the reactors eyes glaze over 30seconds into the movie and you can tell they have zero clue what’s going on. Glad to watch a smart woman react and actually comprehend the subject matter.
Chris Nolan builds elaborate puzzle boxes and it's up to the audience to decipher them. ------ This is why so many reactors eyes glaze over with the info dump in the movie. ------- Marijke herself doesn't always knows what's going on, but she knows it's important.
Mary, I keep remembering that there was no good way to end World War 2. Had we not used the bomb, the invasion of Japan would have resulted in a million American deaths. Our combat experiences in the Pacific showed us how bad continued combat would be.
It would've resulted in at least a million American deaths (and Australians, and some others), but also probably at least ten million Japanese civilians, since triple that number had been conscripted and mobilized to do bamboo spear suicide charges against any landing Allied forces and would've been mowed down by machine gun fire (and if they didn't do it, the Japanese government would've done it to them). And despite two nuclear bombs dropped on Japan, the Japanese military still attempted a coup against the Emperor himself to prevent the surrender. The casualties were worse in fire bombing prior to the nuclear bombs anyway. What changed the Emperor's mind, and forced the surrender, is exactly what Oppenheimer says in the movie. It's the concept of a single bomber dropping a single bomb and wiping out an entire city that radically changed the nature of the war. As soon as it was confirmed that indeed, atomic weapons had been used, that it wasn't just more fire bombing, and the United States was capable of producing atomic weapons rapidly (the first one they assumed was the sum total of the US fissile material and it would take years before another atomic bomb could be dropped), the Emperor realized that they were facing the rapid and total destruction of the Japanese people and its culture. In fact, only with the second bomb, Japan was forced to conclude that the US had undertaken and succeeded at what seemed to be impossible, the mass production of atomic weaponry. And that was very much the case. There were another ten bombs in various stages of completion, and would have been dropped over the next couple months if Japan didn't surrender when they did. The surrender was barely announced in time to prevent a third bomb, by just a few days. And the idea of a demonstration off the coast of Japan, or some uninhabited area, would have only convinced the Japanese that the United States lacked the resolve to do what was necessary to end the war decisively, and would have only encouraged more resistance from the Japanese military. Their culture had no regard for human life, and they thought that made them strong, samurai warriors. It was a major part of their supremacist ideology. The Japanese believed that Americans were too cowardly and weak to risk the sort of casualties they would suffer to finally defeat Japan. If the bombs weren't dropped on big Japanese cities, the threat of annihilation would not have been credible to them, and they would have proceeded with the plan to make their islands into such a bloodbath that their enemies would quail and agree to a negotiated truce that would allow the Japanese military dictatorship to hold onto its conquered territories, keep its remaining military forces intact, and ultimately rebuild its military to fight more wars after a few years and continue the conquests and enslavement of Asia and the Pacific. The American thinking that went into the dropping of the two bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki predicted the Japanese thinking almost perfectly, according to all the contemporary Japanese sources. It's only been much later that revisionist historians began to question the decision.
@fakecubed revisionists don't question they reinterpret. Please ponder that and then question the source you're regurgitating here. We as humanity should constantly question every decision that intentionally resulted in the loss of tens of thousands of human lives. To not question such decisions is to take steps away from humanity.
The period from the end of WWII till now has probably been the longest period of peace between major powers that the world has ever seen. The existence of nucs has a lot to do with that.
Yeah. Peace by the fear of assured planetary destruction. It hasn't worked so well with climate change, though. Also, Ukraine, Gaza, and other ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, Africa and Asia show that modern conventional weapons are excellent to destroy minor powers when used enthusiastically.
Of course, there has been no "peace" among the "major powers." Instead, wars are fought by major powers against non-major powers (e.g., US/Vietnam, USSR/Afghanistan, Russia/Ukraine, US/Iraq, etc.), and proxy wars fought on behalf of major powers. Death, ethnic cleansing, war crimes, atrocities, etc. continue happening all over the world.
@@emaarredondo-librarian The fact that Ukraine is still fighting back after two years- when Russia's conventional weapons should've been enough to overrun them in *days-* kinda proves the opposite...
@@pinkpenzu Okay, but we're not exactly "boots on the ground" over there, this isn't South Korea in 1951. My point was that Russia's conventional army and air force haven't been able to defeat a much smaller country.
25:17 You really should. It's fantastic and the next Hanks and Spielberg war show, Masters of the Air is also coming out in less than a month. 27:37 They're at different locations. From what I understand there are 3 locations for observing the explosion. The bunker where Oppenheimer is, then further back is where Groves and the people laying on the ground are, and then even further back where the car and the people on the chairs are.
Yeah it was all explained in the movie, the distances the different observation points were at. And Nolan being Nolan he got the timing right on the sound delay from the gadget so one could calculate it based on the speed of sound if they wanted to.
This was my favorite film this year and has made my all time list of movies. I am a scientist and watched it with another in the theater. I was so tense in the lead up to the explosion at Los Alamos. My father served in WWII, as did his brothers and brothers in law. I can’t fathom most of the world fighting a war. I can intellectualize the strategy to drop the bombs on Japan; but emotionally I am horrified.
I'm horrified by the atrocities Japan was committing all across their stolen territories and in their home islands against their own people as well. They were worse than the Nazis, and had been at it for longer.
Kenneth Branagh (who played Neils Bohr) also played the main villain in Christopher Nolan's Tenet, as well as the commander on the pier in Dunkirk. So he and Christopher Nolan have worked on three movies now. Apart from being a great actor he's also a great director in his own right.
Nolan does work with some great actors. Although I was really unimpressed with Pugh and now I'm really not looking forward to her butchering Princess Irulan in Dune Part 2 in a couple months.
From experience i can say the atmosphere in those class / lab rooms was Perfect. i love the fact it could be anywhere, just a room with a chalkboard that gets wiped at the end of the day. and no one has any idea that the smartest people in the world just wrote history.... i love this movie
I hope you'll watch the "sequel" to this, Godzilla Minus One, as soon as it's available for home release. As good as this movie was, truly: Godzilla Minus One is the best movie of the year. Even if you don't think a Godzilla movie is really your thing, it will surprise you. I've yet to encounter anyone who doesn't at least put it in their top 10 movies of the decade. People who've never seen a Godzilla movie before love it. Godzilla fans love it. Men, women, and children love it. It has very broad appeal. It's, at its core, a human story. And anyone else who still has a chance to see it in theaters, run, don't walk, to the biggest screen you can find.
It saved probably ten million Japanese lives, another million or so American lives, and a lot of Chinese and Korean lives in WW2 alone. Since then it's prevented another world war which were happening regularly until Hiroshima and Nagasaki. There's been a bunch of proxy wars, and some minor conflicts here and there, but we probably will never see another war claim 85 million lives over a few years, at least on this planet.
An absolute Masterpiece by Nolan Hollywood needs more filmmakers like him. Never has a movie in cinema actually left me properly emotionally breathless by the end of it. I remember roughly 70% of the audience sitting down for 10 minutes after the movie was finished just flabbergasted.
A remarkable movie. Not only about the moral dilemnas about building and using the bomb, but the whole description of how Oppenheimer was dragged in the mud is quite disgusting.
Mary there is a movie that gives you a glimpse of a life after something like this happens. The movie is "The Road" starring Viggo Mortensen. Its dark and very thought provoking. You have a strange attraction to movies like this. You might like it.
I particularly wanted to see your reaction to the Dutch scene. I thought he was speaking German when I heard it, because it sounds like someone speaking Dutch with a German accent. From someone who started with English, Dutch is no harder than French, and the grammar is simpler than German, but I think Dutch is harder to enunciate, whereas I find Swedish, Italian, French and Spanish pretty easy to enunciate.
The US has a nuclear stockpile of 3,708 weapons as of 2023, a little over 1400 are deployed. The US has approximately 180 B-61 nuclear bombs stored at bases in Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy, and Turkey. Russia has 1,549 strategic warheads deployed on several hundred bombers and missiles. France, China, the United Kingdom, Pakistan, India, Israel, and North Korea also add to the total global nuclear stockpile of around 13,000 weapons.
Nolan does such a good job of immersing you into the movie and time period that even when you know the outcome, the tension and intensity is insane. I saw this in theaters and I'm fairly certain most of the people who were in that theater had some knowledge of his history. Because it ends with that line, "I believe we did" and it cuts to the nuclear missiles, it brought up what was a scary time for a lot of the audience. Many of the people in that theater were older, and were most likely early in their school years during the height or end of the cold war. But beyond that personal interaction with the audience, he does such a good job of taking you back in time, that when that all happens, the radio callouts go off, you see how it's affecting his mind, and it really makes you recognize that THAT world, the world where people could have a little trust in one another because war meant something big, it meant great loss of life and you could share information between each other during the peace. That time was immediately over when those bombs were dropped. No one could be trusted with this, but everyone wanted to learn about it, and we all put up our walls and said "you're not allowed to see what we're doing anymore." Even when there are no fight to be fought. This world, and that world, are not the same. He was right, they did destroy the world, they destroyed the world they knew.
Easily my favorite film of the year. Even being very familiar with the man and the story going in, I was still riveted by what this film was able to do.
Oppenheimer was one of the movies I’ve been waiting for you to watch, it’s easily one of my favorite movies of this year (2023), it’s also a masterpiece & one of Christopher Nolan’s best movies to date, and I always have hope for you to at some point watch some TV shows, such as: Stranger Things, Mr. Robot, and The Sopranos
@@brysonfreeman7226 I'd doubt it cuz his role in this film is too small to be remembered later down the line. Same with Casey Affleck if she were to watch _Manchester by the Sea_ or _Gone Baby Gone_ later on. Or the young Han Solo guy.
@@theflyingfisherman7829I think it also would be nice for her to watch Stranger Things, before Season 5, which is gonna be the final season of the show, and is gonna start in production & filming very soon in January 8th
I'm with you. It's such a profound subject that three hours passes quite quickly. Plus I just love Cillian Murphy. If you've never seen the series Peaky Blinders about Irish organized crime back in the early 1900s, it is just fantastic.
Darn…. and all this time I thought the Sopranos, Casino, The Godfather, and Goodfellas, were about Italian Organized crime but couldn’t possibly be because they are set in New York, Las Vegas, and New Jersey in the US….
@@timothyhedrick5295 Ah so you wanna be a dick eh? Look mate the Shelbys may be of Irish & Romani descent but they're clearly Brummies and therefore would be classed as British criminal gang.
@@timothyhedrick5295 ??? Okay, the actor who portrays the main character is Irish, and one of the main antagonists is from Norn Ireland, and the IRA shows up a little bit. But the main characters throughout the show are English, and it mostly takes place in England...
Incidentally, the Trinity test was not really so much of a test of _if_ they could build an atomic bomb, but whether or not the implosion design would work, and generally what the yield would be from an atomic bomb so the military planners could figure out how best to deploy it against Japan. They had already built the "shooting" atomic bomb, and shipped it out to the Pacific to prepare for the first bombing. They were very sure that one would work fine, but they didn't have enough uranium to make a second one. The implosion-type, using plutonium, they could mass produce. So they tested the less reliable-seeming plutonium implosion "gadget" at Trinity, and then the second implosion bomb they built was the second bomb they dropped. If they were able to produce enough uranium quicker, they'd have simply made a bunch of those, done the test on one of them to figure out the yield, and just dropped a couple uranium bombs instead since the mechanism for causing fission was easier to trigger. Implosion bombs require very precise timing, so that all the outer shell explosives go off at the exact same time, otherwise it's just going to vaporize a bunch of plutonium but not cause fission. Once the physics was figured out for how fission worked, most of the Manhattan project was actually in the refining of enough material, and figuring out the engineering of making a bomb work, particularly the electronics. The main concern about the Trinity test wasn't if fission would happen, but if the conventional explosives would go off with the right timing. It's much more of an engineering problem than a scientific one, assuming you can get the materials necessary to construct it to begin with. So, if Trinity had failed, they could have kept trying and maybe gotten it to work eventually, but meanwhile they'd only have one bomb to drop instead of two plus another ten on the way over the next couple months. It would have resulted in a shift in strategy. Probably the best case scenario at that point would be a naval blockade, to completely starve out Japan, and continued bombing of Japanese infrastructure, which would have resulted in far more civilian deaths. They were also looking at using poison gas, and a land invasion which would have made Normandy look like child's play. Both would have been extremely messy, bloody affairs and we'd be talking about how if only the Americans had figured out plutonium bombs sooner, tens of millions of lives could've been saved. And that's not even getting into the atrocities going on across the rest of Asia and the Pacific that Japan's army was committing in the meantime. So we should be glad that the Trinity test was successful. The war needed to end ASAP. And we know from the Japanese Emperor himself that nothing short of dropping those two atomic bombs on cities would have forced the surrender. And the Japanese military still attempted a coup to prevent him from ending the war, and very nearly succeeded.
Japan was not going to surrender. An invasion of Japan would have produced almost a million American casualties according to estimates based in the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Despite their shortcomings in the Pacific Japan still had the resources to launch an offensive in China a year before the war ended where they conquered large portions of the country. The Imperial Japanese army still had several aircraft, medium tanks and fortifications as reserve for the final battle in the home islands. And most if not all the population in Japan had been trained and drilled endlessly to resist the invasion by any means necessary....
On the contrary, the US had broken the Japanese code and not only knew they were close to surrendering, but it also knew what it would take for them to surrender. The US also knew the Soviets were going to declare war against Japan in August, which they did on August 8 and attacked Japan on August 9th, hours before the US dropped the atomic bomb on Nagasaki.
The Japanese figured out their codes were being deciphered by 1944 and stopped using coded transmissions of important operations altogether. There was an underground facility prepared for the Emperor and the military leaders (Matsushiro Underground Imperial Headquarters) and all their more potent medium tanks (Type 3 Medium Tank Chi-Nu) and remaining combat aircraft and many fuel deposits were in reserves in the home islands. Also they correctly realized the Americans were going to land in Kyushu first (Operation Olympic) during the invasion of the Japanese Home Islands (Operation Downfall). They had prepared a massive Shinpuu Tokubetsu Kougekitai kamikaze air fleet to attack the invading ships. It would have been a massacre worse than Iwo Jima......@@robertjulianoph.d.1423
@@robertjulianoph.d.1423 The decisions were not being made over Japanese radio broadcasts. They were being made in high level government meetings between the people who actually had the authority to surrender. And those people were not interested in surrender. You are speaking of revisionist history, not actual history.
@@fakecubed : I strongly encourage you to read the raw first-hand declassified government documents of the war at the National Security Archive website. On August 5, 1945 [Top Secret Ultra - “Magic” - Diplomatic Summary, War Department, Office of Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2, No. 1228], the summary of communications between Foreign Minister Shigenori Tōgō and Japanese Ambassador to the USSR Naotake Satō make it clear that Japan was working toward surrender and that they had hoped that the Soviet Union would mediate for them fair terms of surrender.
Loved the movie but don’t like the depiction of Truman who did not take the decision of the using the bomb lightly. He struggled with the decision but always felt it saved lives on both sides of the conflict. Remember the U.S. lost over 100k dead and other 200k wounded throughout the Pacific campaign. 39:47 The Japanese had shown they would not surrender as the US got closer to the mainland they were all worried that the casualties on both sides would be devastating. Still a debate today as to whether surrender could be found other ways with regular bombing but this was not as black and white as portrayed here. Lives were going to be lost with the war continuing and if the US were forced to invade the mainland, it is pretty clear the casualties would have been higher than the two bombs. The only argument is whether that was necessary and the truth is we will never know but we can at least look at the people who made this decision were not madman/or deliberately cruel, they felt they had to make a very hard decision and knew the consequences. The comic book depiction of this feels a little untruthful and in my mind hurts the serious questions being asked here about the role of nuclear weapons. The morality seems really oversimplified when it basically portrays it would be ok to nuke the Nazis but not Japan. It also does not even consider the importance of this understanding of nuclear physics has had on energy as we hopefully solve fusion which would not be possible if we did not take the path we have. Yes, in the wrong hands nuclear power is scary but so is what is happening in the Universe. We are clearly in a race to save our existence as our modern observations of what happens out there in space with Galaxies being destroyed, stars going supernova, blackholes, collision events etc we can’t be naive about the need to successfully colonize other planets to ensure our survival. To think that we can do that without harnessing nuclear power is being ignorant and quick frankly incredibly dumb.
This movie was a BLAST, in the theaters, and not Bohring at all! Funny true story, though: I did #barbenheimer . I saw Oppy a couple hours after Barbie, and the contrast of the two movies was something else. I got a bottle of water from the concession stand, before going into the theater. Right around the time Trinity happened, I REALLY had to go to the bathroom. By the time Oppy met Truman, I was thinking the movie was almost over, so I hurried out of the theater, then to the bathroom, then home. It wasn't until I got the movie on Prime, and watched it, that I realized how much MORE there was to the movie 😅.
I don't think the Americans had it planned out that they were for sure going to drop 2 Atomic bombs on Japan. The whole notion that 2 were dropped "once to show the world its power and twice to show the enemy America could keep doing it" only sort of just turned out that way.
Enjoyed the reaction thanks, fellow play-for-peace-and-lose-every-time-at-Civ player here :) It's a good thing the atmosphere didn't ignite, coz if it did we wouldn't be here to watch youtube!
i can't not do "matt damon" either. team america ruined me. the complexity of the issue of nukes tho is that they bought us decades of relative PEACE. the cold war remained a cold war because of the consequences of what a hot war would mean. Mutually Assured Destruction as a theory worked.
I had hoped that after Team America the "Matt Damon" would stick. What's really funny is it never goes away. From here-on-out, even if you don't say it out loud, in your mind you'll always hear it. Matt Damon. See.
Another true story movie about a man who builds something is The World's Fastest Indian (2005). Mary try watching some movies off of the beaten path. Enjoy.
In an interview, he talked about how people reacted right after the Trinity test - "We knew the world would not be the same. A few people laughed, a few people cried. Most people were silent. I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture, the Bhagavad-Gita ... 'Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.' I suppose we all thought that, one way or another."
8:54 the sentence fits perfectly in the movie because it's a direct quote from Oppenheimer. It's the first words he thinks of after seeing the trinity explosion.
The creation of the atomic bomb and its use against Japan was absolutely necessary from the perspective of America at this time. The priority of any country's military should be to protect that country's people. Japan had proven that they had no intention of surrendering and were refusing any and all peace talks that they were offered at the time. The only they way they could've been stopped was through force, either an invasion or mass bombings, either of which potentially costing the lives of many American service men. With the atomic bombs, significantly less American servicemen were put in danger and Japan surrendered
If you want a story about computers used in the war, I suggest you watch The Imitation Game, the movie about Alan Turing and the team of British cryptographers who cracked the Enigma cipher machine used by the Germans.
You really can justify the use of the nuclear bombs on Japan. Consider these facts: a) 129,000 to 226,000 Japanese died from the use of the atomic bombs; b) it was estimated that 267,000 Americans would have died if we invaded Japan like we did Europe, and many more Japanese than that; c) Japan started the war when they attacked China, Korea, French Indochina (now Vietnam), Malaysia, Burma, India, USA, and countless South Pacific islands; d) in 1937, Japanese invaders murdered at least 200,000 civilians in Shanghai using only bayonets and Samurai swords; e) on March 10, 1945, the US bombed Tokyo with ordinary explosives and 90,000 to 100,000 Japanese people died.
Over 100,000 people, mainly Japanese civilians, died in the invasion of Okinawa. That’s a small island near Taiwan. The Soviet invasion of Manchuria lead to similar casualties. The American bombing of Tokyo also. The estimates Truman had for invading mainland Japan itself were many, many times that. You have a new weapon that, maybe, can end the war without invading Japan. Why wouldn’t you try it? About as many people died of nuclear weapons as died from the American bombing of Japan. The Allied bombing of Germany killed more. The battle of Stalingrad killed many times more. The whole war in the Soviet Union killed tens of million. China also. In 1945 the decision to use these bombs seems, frankly, easy. And it worked.
People of good faith can disagree but for context, military planners projected 1 million American deaths if they had invaded the Japanese mainland. The Japanese government had instructed its civilians to fight to the last person, which would have been tens of millions more. And yes, we still have wars in the atomic age. But not direct wars between great powers, as had been the norm for centuries until the end of WWII. And the scales have been *hugely* reduced. Not wanting to dismiss the suffering of anyone today, but even Hamas-Israel (~10K deaths) and Russia-Ukraine (call it ~400K) pail in comparison. The war that the 2 atom bombs ended killed *70 million*. I feel like I need to speak up when people say things like, “Humans never change, there will always be war”. We’ve literally reduced it by 99% in 3 generations. We should be proud of our progress and keep it going rather than giving in to cynicism and despair.
This is so important. The concept of MAD is generally not understood by generations born after the Cold War. The threat of Nuclear Destruction was very real, even to a Child of the 80s-90s like me. The Bomb wasn't just because we wanted to show the Soviets what we had, and it wasn't just to prevent insane casualty numbers on the Japanese homeland. It was a combination of both factors. One cannot underestimate the willingness of the Japanese military to continue the fight. In fact, when the decision was made to surrender they actually tried a Coup which failed. Japan is also *stupidly mountainous* which would make clearing any resistance fighters out near impossible (See Afghanistan) especially with the technology of the late 40s.
@@Ozai75One can definitely overestimate the costs of ending the Pacific war without using the atomic bombs. The “millions would have died in an invasion” argument, even if accurate, ignores the fact that invasion was not the only non-nuclear option. In essence, the U.S. Army leadership thought invasion was the obvious plan, but U.S. Navy leadership was more interested in a blockade or besieging of all of Japan without landing troops. There is little doubt that the Navy could have done this - the Imperial Japanese Navy was utterly defeated, the Japanese merchant fleet was dramatically reduced, and U.S. surface and submarine forces were completely overwhelming, while Japanese internal resources and production capacity were insufficient and vulnerable. Costs to the U.S. of the blockade strategy (and continued conventional bombing of Japan’s remaining industrial capacity) would have been measured almost exclusively in dollars, with very few American lives lost. Japanese suffering would have been extreme, and if a coup or revolution or civil war broke out in response, that internal conflict wouldn’t necessarily have improved the conditions of most Japanese in the short term. So, there is still an analysis and argument to be made over whether total human suffering was decreased by using the atomic bombs, but the usual argument that the bombs were necessary to prevent American casualties is a false dichotomy - there was at least one other option that wouldn’t have produced large numbers of American casualties.
A movie about a car maker trying to compete with the other big manufacturers is Tucker with Jeff Bridges (theDude in The Big Lebowski) also directed by Francis Ford Coppola (The Godfather).
Great reaction and a great movie. It was wonderful to watch in IMAX. Incidentally, if you are interested in watching some stuff about Einstein then a movie called I.Q. may interest you. It is kind of a romantic comedy and it is pretty cute, and there is a miniseries called Genius that is about Einstein. I'm not suggesting a reaction necessarily, but you mentioned not seeing many things with Einstein in them and thought I'd mention those for you if you are interested.
I greatly enjoyed your reaction to the movie, but I would humbly and respectfully encourage you to read more about the decision making process to use the atomic bomb to end WWII. It almost certainly saved, on net, not only Allied lives but also Japanese lives when compared to the conventional fire bombing of other Japanese cities and the projections for an American invasion of the home islands alongside a Soviet invasion of Japanese occupied lands in mainland Asia. The prospect of complete annihilation was needed to drive such a militant system to the point of unconditional surrender, where it could be reformed into the society that it is today. Additionally, moving forward from WWII, the existence of nuclear deterrence almost certainly prevented WW3 and other large scale conflicts between the great powers during the Cold War. If that sounds ridiculous, this infographic will put the casualties associated with WW2 in perspective: ruclips.net/video/DwKPFT-RioU/видео.html
The Japanese civilian population were being mobilized to fight and die pointlessly in mass wave attacks with bamboo spears against machine guns. 32 million of them, conscripted under penalty of death, to do that. Men, women, and children. Mostly women and children at that point. If the US had been forced to invade to finish off the war, I think it's doubtful Japan would even exist as a country or a people now. Those who weren't killed in the invasion would be killed by their own government, or starve. An entire nation extinct. The only thing that stopped the war was the US dropping not just one, but two atomic bombs on Japanese cities. The Japanese emperor himself said this, and he was the only one in a position to make Japan surrender. And the Japanese military nearly pulled off a coup to stop him and keep the war going indefinitely.
The nuclear weapon absolutely would have been developed regardless of America's involvement. Anytime people hand-ring about this. I'd like them to imagine a world where Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, or Imperial Japan developed it first. I can only say I am glad 1940's America developed it, and not 2020's America. We had morals then. Lewis Strauss is now the norm, our worst natures have taken control.
I'm writing that on Sunday March 10, 2024 Oppenheimer won seven academy awards. Best Cinematography. Best Film Editing. Best Original Score. Christopher Nolan Best Director. Robert Downey Jr. won Best Supporting Actor. Cillian Murphy won Best Actor, and Best Picture. Oppenheimer is the first three long film to win Best Picture in 20 years since The Lord of the Rings The Return of the King won Best Picture at the 2004 academy awards.
nolan intended that sound would be another character onto itself for the movie. i saw this film in IMAX 70mm and let me tell ya...my heart was rattled throughout the film. the test detonation scene (trinity) left everyone speechless in the theater. just a masterpiece of filmmaking and storytelling 👏
Hey Marjike, you scoffed at the discussion of heavy water as a nuclear reaction moderator. ------ I think you will understand it more when you watch, "Chernobyl". They spend loads of time discussing graphite being visibly present in the series. ------ Which would be impossible for most humans to see, since it's in the core of the nuclear reactor. Of course the scientist in this movie are working on figuring that out. ----- Which is wild to see, since today these protocols are accepted practice in nuclear fission design.
As soon as I heard him say "moderator" I thought of Shcherbina. "Graphite is only found in the core, where it's used as a neutron flux moderator!" *looks at Valery to make sure he got it right*
yeah, I seem to have had the same feelings as you, at the end of the movie: stunned silence. my father enlisted in the US Navy when he was 16 and a half to fight the Japanese in the South Pacific. he was involved in the nuclear testing. he later died from it with atomic poisoning. as an aside, months ago you said you wanted to have a 'kid'. as you are finding out, children are not 'goats'. you have a great sense of humor and a great laugh! I hope life and movies give you much more to laugh about!
The bomb has stopped world war III and until we have a WWIII the argument is still valid. What you have seen in your life time is nothing compared to a world war. I am a American soldier trained to fight that war. The reason Americans will not flinch on the use of such weapons is the knowledge that the Americas can survive first strike but our enemies will not. Why do you think the United States Military is every where with sea and air power . We will not be the first to strike, but we will be the last.
Hey Marijke, the end line is quite chilling."The explosion will result in an event that will destroy the world... I believe we did". ------- To know the event you feared while designing your invention. -------Didn't happen the way you thought, in fact the fear did come to pass. Just not the way you thought.
Fantastic film, incredible cast. I would love Mary to watch Tenet (Kenneth Branagh is so seething let evil in it!), but that movie is so gosh darn puzzling regardless of who watches it for the first time.
What is a nice mom like you doing at an apocalypse like this ;-) Was good cinema in theater, would have been awesome at Imax. Kangaroo court but not in Australia ;-)
The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (1994) Muriels's Wedding (1994) Eagle vs Shark (2007) The Dish (2000) The Whale Rider (2002) The Castle (1997) Hunt for the Wilderpeople (2016) The Piano (1993) Once Were Warriors (1994) The Frighteners (1996) Heavenly Creatures (1994)
with all do respect, i absolutely love your reviews, but certain movies like this one deserve to be watched in a movie theater! it will be a much better immersive experience for yourself, but movies like this helping becoming successful uppen the chance they will make more of those!
I let myself be convinced to go see this in theaters, and while I enjoy the film a lot, there was nothing all that special about the theater experience that I wouldn't have rather just waited for a Blu-ray. The only movie all year that was actually worth seeing in theaters was Godzilla Minus One, and I've been back to see it four times total.
@@fakecubed i must say i disagree, sure this movie was not like spectacle, this is shot in a unique imax format itself, that quality of picture helped a lot to get immersed into this world. i have at home a kick ass 65 inch 4k HDR screen and a quality home surround sound system. i enjoy watching movies like that, but nothing beat imax when its a quality movie
Ahh, you're a Civver ❤😁 Build just enough for a strong defense, and they'll mostly leave you alone lol Also, yes please watch The Pacific. Even if you don't have time to do reactions to it, just watch it 'cuz it's *so good*
Werner Heisenberg, Niles Bohr, Marie Curie, Enrico Fermi, Erwin Schrödinger, Ernest Rutherford, Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner, Rosalind Franklin and so many more in different fields. It really was golden age of modern science. Theory of relativity, nuclear physics and quantum mechanics just to name few.
@@Mirrori I wonder sometimes if nowadays all the best scientists are working on new secret projects for governments and we'll just never know about it because they're figuring out stuff that the governments of the world will only reveal if there is another WW2-like war (which hopefully will never happen), out of fear that other countries will develop the same technology and make the world an even more dangerous place. The US government, for example, is essentially working with isotopes no civilian scientists in the public eye can ever work with experimentally, and has such a large black budget that they could potentially develop everything. All the science out in the open is basically working with way less resources. I mean, think about if somebody did come up with a "theory of everything". No government would want that out there for everyone to read about in a scientific paper. The military applications for that theory would be enormous. If they thought anyone was getting close, out in public, what might they do to suppress it or drag it into the shadows? I think most of the UFO phenomena is just a psy-op and a bunch of advanced drone swarm technology and stealth technology, but I do wonder sometimes if we've seen glimpses of an ongoing secret Manhattan-style project that nobody's had cause yet to reveal to the world. After all, Los Alamos was never shut down.
Yes, Alfred Nobel invented dynamite, intending it for mines and construction but ended up being used in war. He created the Nobel prize because one day, a false report came out that he died, and his local newspaper printed an obituary for him, which called him the merchant of death because of how dynamite was used. He did not want to be remembered that way, hence he created Nobel prizes.
It worked. People know him for the prize
@@pinkpenzuyep very political motivated prize that is only given to friends and people that leave their BaD countries in order to promote our Values
@@pinkpenzu the same for Rockefeller and Andrew Carnige. --------- Charities showed them that supporting public artwork projects would make change public perception of their families, from ruthless monopolistic industrialist to benevolent community supporters. ------ Those tactics worked for sure.
Shame, Merchant of Death is amazing nickname. My husband owns a 3D printer and in his spare time makes drone chassis for the International Legion in Ukraine. He's very proud of his work.
@@d1tto232 You just demonstrated being completely and utterly ignorant about what Nobel Prizes there are. Wonder what that tells us about your values of sloth and ignorance.
Yes. Casey Affleck's performance is a perfect example of what's actually intimidating. Not so much the yelling person.
WOW = you found something that is "perfect" in this World!??
That word is
"relative"
@@Steve-gx9otchill
"Is there an after credits scene?"
Yeah. We're living in it, right now.
The after credits scene is in Godzilla Minus One.
Kenneth Branagh played the role of Niels Bohr, he is a brilliant actor. He's also a great writer and director. He won the best original screenplay Oscar a few years ago for the film Belfast. It's a terrific film that you should watch at some point.
And he has also played Poirot in three of the most recent Agatha Christie films. Check out Henry V which is a masterpiece.
I've seen this movie multiple times now. I still get chills and tear up at that final scene, and I'm not completely sure why. It just hits so hard and taps into realization of the peace we have all mostly lived in since then. Until we don't.
Until Godzilla Minus One.
I've literally just finished watching this through my home cinema. The first few seconds when his thoughts were forming made my house shake and scared the crap out of me.
30:17. That's Gary Oldman playing President Truman. You watched him before, playing Sirius Black in the Harry Potter movies, and Norman Stansfield, the corrupt policeman in The Professional. He won an Oscar for playing Winston Churchill in Darkest Hour.
Yup. He's the kind of actor you watch in five consecutive movies and don't realize is the same guy.
You may like his earlier work as Dracula in Bram Stoker's Dracula, Beethoven in Immortal Beloved, or as Sid Vicious in Sid and Nancy. ✌
And he's Commissioner Gordon in the Nolan Batman movies!
Excuse ALL of you, but that's
Jean-Baptiste
Emmanuel
ZORG.
Man, I didn't even realize that was him playing Winston Churchill in Darkest Hour until your comment. That man is truly a chameleon. I'm a big fan of everything I've seen him do, but I never actually know that it's him when I watch it.
One of those movies, which were really made to be watched in cinema.
God she's so smart 🙂 I'm glad she liked the Dutch scene. Hope she had fun
It didn’t really sound like Dutch tho lol
@@lorenzo_smit Well Oppenheimer wasn't Dutch.
@lorenzo_smit she said it wasn’t good, Dutch.
This is why we go to the movies. I may be nerding out, but this was the physics nerd version of The Avengers, I was like "Einstein", "Faynman", "Bohr","Fermi"! LOL
Marijke, I love how Kitty deals with Dr. Oppenheimer throughout the movie. ----- She cuts him no slack when it comes to dealing with the political and scientific people in their circles. ------ She sees them being on a mission to change the world and bring an end to WWII. ------- Of course, as a woman dealing with his extra-marital activities, causes even the most logical human mind to feel natural human emotions. ------ As we see Kitty imagining Jean Tatlock being intimate with her husband. ----- Chris Nolan makes us feel that intensity at every turn.
Los Alamos had human computers. Desks of math majors operating electromechanical calculators, run by a human control program ... Feynman. Rabi worked on radar instead. Goedel was a logician who led to Turing which led to my laptop. Bethe was the first man to understand solar fusion.
While there is a relationship between Kurt Gödel and Alan Turing, it is incorrect to claim Gödel led to Turing and that Turing led to the modern computer. One of the earliest computers was the Z3 designed by Konrad Zuse in 1938 and completed in 1941. It was the first working programmable, fully automatic digital computer and he developed this without reading Turing's paper. Even earlier than that, between 1836 and 1840, Charles Babbage wrote 26 coding examples for his Analytical Engine.
Such a great reaction! I’ve seen quite a few where the reactors eyes glaze over 30seconds into the movie and you can tell they have zero clue what’s going on. Glad to watch a smart woman react and actually comprehend the subject matter.
Chris Nolan builds elaborate puzzle boxes and it's up to the audience to decipher them. ------ This is why so many reactors eyes glaze over with the info dump in the movie. ------- Marijke herself doesn't always knows what's going on, but she knows it's important.
Mary, I keep remembering that there was no good way to end World War 2. Had we not used the bomb, the invasion of Japan would have resulted in a million American deaths. Our combat experiences in the Pacific showed us how bad continued combat would be.
It would've resulted in at least a million American deaths (and Australians, and some others), but also probably at least ten million Japanese civilians, since triple that number had been conscripted and mobilized to do bamboo spear suicide charges against any landing Allied forces and would've been mowed down by machine gun fire (and if they didn't do it, the Japanese government would've done it to them). And despite two nuclear bombs dropped on Japan, the Japanese military still attempted a coup against the Emperor himself to prevent the surrender. The casualties were worse in fire bombing prior to the nuclear bombs anyway.
What changed the Emperor's mind, and forced the surrender, is exactly what Oppenheimer says in the movie. It's the concept of a single bomber dropping a single bomb and wiping out an entire city that radically changed the nature of the war. As soon as it was confirmed that indeed, atomic weapons had been used, that it wasn't just more fire bombing, and the United States was capable of producing atomic weapons rapidly (the first one they assumed was the sum total of the US fissile material and it would take years before another atomic bomb could be dropped), the Emperor realized that they were facing the rapid and total destruction of the Japanese people and its culture.
In fact, only with the second bomb, Japan was forced to conclude that the US had undertaken and succeeded at what seemed to be impossible, the mass production of atomic weaponry. And that was very much the case. There were another ten bombs in various stages of completion, and would have been dropped over the next couple months if Japan didn't surrender when they did. The surrender was barely announced in time to prevent a third bomb, by just a few days.
And the idea of a demonstration off the coast of Japan, or some uninhabited area, would have only convinced the Japanese that the United States lacked the resolve to do what was necessary to end the war decisively, and would have only encouraged more resistance from the Japanese military. Their culture had no regard for human life, and they thought that made them strong, samurai warriors. It was a major part of their supremacist ideology. The Japanese believed that Americans were too cowardly and weak to risk the sort of casualties they would suffer to finally defeat Japan. If the bombs weren't dropped on big Japanese cities, the threat of annihilation would not have been credible to them, and they would have proceeded with the plan to make their islands into such a bloodbath that their enemies would quail and agree to a negotiated truce that would allow the Japanese military dictatorship to hold onto its conquered territories, keep its remaining military forces intact, and ultimately rebuild its military to fight more wars after a few years and continue the conquests and enslavement of Asia and the Pacific.
The American thinking that went into the dropping of the two bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki predicted the Japanese thinking almost perfectly, according to all the contemporary Japanese sources. It's only been much later that revisionist historians began to question the decision.
@fakecubed revisionists don't question they reinterpret. Please ponder that and then question the source you're regurgitating here. We as humanity should constantly question every decision that intentionally resulted in the loss of tens of thousands of human lives. To not question such decisions is to take steps away from humanity.
@@jonhenry8268 My source is the people who made the decisions at the time.
Your post is mostly conjecture. In fact, by August 1945, factions within the Japanese government had been discussing surrender for months.
"Did you ever encounter Heisenberg again?" "I am uncertain. he was kinda hazy, couldn't pin him down".
The period from the end of WWII till now has probably been the longest period of peace between major powers that the world has ever seen. The existence of nucs has a lot to do with that.
Yeah. Peace by the fear of assured planetary destruction. It hasn't worked so well with climate change, though. Also, Ukraine, Gaza, and other ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, Africa and Asia show that modern conventional weapons are excellent to destroy minor powers when used enthusiastically.
Of course, there has been no "peace" among the "major powers." Instead, wars are fought by major powers against non-major powers (e.g., US/Vietnam, USSR/Afghanistan, Russia/Ukraine, US/Iraq, etc.), and proxy wars fought on behalf of major powers. Death, ethnic cleansing, war crimes, atrocities, etc. continue happening all over the world.
@@emaarredondo-librarian The fact that Ukraine is still fighting back after two years- when Russia's conventional weapons should've been enough to overrun them in *days-* kinda proves the opposite...
@@themulattomaker2602ukraine is being supported by EU and US.
@@pinkpenzu Okay, but we're not exactly "boots on the ground" over there, this isn't South Korea in 1951. My point was that Russia's conventional army and air force haven't been able to defeat a much smaller country.
It did go by quickly for a 3 hour movie. “Killers of the Flower Moon” was 3 1/2 hours - and didn’t need to be even 3.
25:17 You really should. It's fantastic and the next Hanks and Spielberg war show, Masters of the Air is also coming out in less than a month.
27:37 They're at different locations. From what I understand there are 3 locations for observing the explosion. The bunker where Oppenheimer is, then further back is where Groves and the people laying on the ground are, and then even further back where the car and the people on the chairs are.
Yeah it was all explained in the movie, the distances the different observation points were at. And Nolan being Nolan he got the timing right on the sound delay from the gadget so one could calculate it based on the speed of sound if they wanted to.
This was my favorite film this year and has made my all time list of movies. I am a scientist and watched it with another in the theater. I was so tense in the lead up to the explosion at Los Alamos. My father served in WWII, as did his brothers and brothers in law. I can’t fathom most of the world fighting a war. I can intellectualize the strategy to drop the bombs on Japan; but emotionally I am horrified.
I'm horrified by the atrocities Japan was committing all across their stolen territories and in their home islands against their own people as well. They were worse than the Nazis, and had been at it for longer.
Kenneth Branagh (who played Neils Bohr) also played the main villain in Christopher Nolan's Tenet, as well as the commander on the pier in Dunkirk. So he and Christopher Nolan have worked on three movies now. Apart from being a great actor he's also a great director in his own right.
HIs role in Conspiracy is my favorite from him. Excellent film.
He also played Gilderoy Lockhart in Harry Potter and the Chamber Of Secrets
Nolan does work with some great actors. Although I was really unimpressed with Pugh and now I'm really not looking forward to her butchering Princess Irulan in Dune Part 2 in a couple months.
Actually that is my favorite role with him of all time..that was so over the top..every second was brilliantly funny@@brysonfreeman7226
From experience i can say the atmosphere in those class / lab rooms was Perfect.
i love the fact it could be anywhere, just a room with a chalkboard that gets wiped at the end of the day. and no one has any idea that the smartest people in the world just wrote history.... i love this movie
I hope you'll watch the "sequel" to this, Godzilla Minus One, as soon as it's available for home release. As good as this movie was, truly: Godzilla Minus One is the best movie of the year. Even if you don't think a Godzilla movie is really your thing, it will surprise you. I've yet to encounter anyone who doesn't at least put it in their top 10 movies of the decade. People who've never seen a Godzilla movie before love it. Godzilla fans love it. Men, women, and children love it. It has very broad appeal. It's, at its core, a human story.
And anyone else who still has a chance to see it in theaters, run, don't walk, to the biggest screen you can find.
you could also theorize that the nuclear bomb saved millions of lives. due to the deterrence of war.
It saved probably ten million Japanese lives, another million or so American lives, and a lot of Chinese and Korean lives in WW2 alone. Since then it's prevented another world war which were happening regularly until Hiroshima and Nagasaki. There's been a bunch of proxy wars, and some minor conflicts here and there, but we probably will never see another war claim 85 million lives over a few years, at least on this planet.
Your post is riddled with falsehoods and conjecture.
An absolute Masterpiece by Nolan Hollywood needs more filmmakers like him. Never has a movie in cinema actually left me properly emotionally breathless by the end of it. I remember roughly 70% of the audience sitting down for 10 minutes after the movie was finished just flabbergasted.
Holly-wierd
Appropriate to be
Located In😮 Cali
Thank you, Dan!!!
Probably Nolan's best movie.
A remarkable movie. Not only about the moral dilemnas about building and using the bomb, but the whole description of how Oppenheimer was dragged in the mud is quite disgusting.
Mary there is a movie that gives you a glimpse of a life after something like this happens. The movie is "The Road" starring Viggo Mortensen. Its dark and very thought provoking. You have a strange attraction to movies like this. You might like it.
I particularly wanted to see your reaction to the Dutch scene. I thought he was speaking German when I heard it, because it sounds like someone speaking Dutch with a German accent. From someone who started with English, Dutch is no harder than French, and the grammar is simpler than German, but I think Dutch is harder to enunciate, whereas I find Swedish, Italian, French and Spanish pretty easy to enunciate.
The US has a nuclear stockpile of 3,708 weapons as of 2023, a little over 1400 are deployed. The US has approximately 180 B-61 nuclear bombs stored at bases in Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy, and Turkey. Russia has 1,549 strategic warheads deployed on several hundred bombers and missiles. France, China, the United Kingdom, Pakistan, India, Israel, and North Korea also add to the total global nuclear stockpile of around 13,000 weapons.
Yeah but russian nukes do not work
Probably the best edited movie ever considering the difficulty of the subject matter to present and the running time. Flew by.
Nolan does such a good job of immersing you into the movie and time period that even when you know the outcome, the tension and intensity is insane. I saw this in theaters and I'm fairly certain most of the people who were in that theater had some knowledge of his history. Because it ends with that line, "I believe we did" and it cuts to the nuclear missiles, it brought up what was a scary time for a lot of the audience. Many of the people in that theater were older, and were most likely early in their school years during the height or end of the cold war. But beyond that personal interaction with the audience, he does such a good job of taking you back in time, that when that all happens, the radio callouts go off, you see how it's affecting his mind, and it really makes you recognize that THAT world, the world where people could have a little trust in one another because war meant something big, it meant great loss of life and you could share information between each other during the peace. That time was immediately over when those bombs were dropped. No one could be trusted with this, but everyone wanted to learn about it, and we all put up our walls and said "you're not allowed to see what we're doing anymore." Even when there are no fight to be fought. This world, and that world, are not the same. He was right, they did destroy the world, they destroyed the world they knew.
1:33 Americans generally don't learn about Oppenheimer in school either, Mary, so don't feel bad.🙂
Easily my favorite film of the year. Even being very familiar with the man and the story going in, I was still riveted by what this film was able to do.
Oppenheimer was one of the movies I’ve been waiting for you to watch, it’s easily one of my favorite movies of this year (2023), it’s also a masterpiece & one of Christopher Nolan’s best movies to date, and I always have hope for you to at some point watch some TV shows, such as: Stranger Things, Mr. Robot, and The Sopranos
Hey, I see you on Patreon and yea, definitely Mr. Robot and Stranger Things. I was disappointed she didn't know who Rami Malek was in this.😕
@@brysonfreeman7226 I'd doubt it cuz his role in this film is too small to be remembered later down the line. Same with Casey Affleck if she were to watch _Manchester by the Sea_ or _Gone Baby Gone_ later on. Or the young Han Solo guy.
@@theflyingfisherman7829I think it also would be nice for her to watch Stranger Things, before Season 5, which is gonna be the final season of the show, and is gonna start in production & filming very soon in January 8th
Can you hear the music soundtrack starts and all the youtubers be like : talk talk talk talk talk talk talk talk talk talk.
I'm with you. It's such a profound subject that three hours passes quite quickly. Plus I just love Cillian Murphy. If you've never seen the series Peaky Blinders about Irish organized crime back in the early 1900s, it is just fantastic.
Only it's not Irish organised crime. The show's set in England (in Birmingham). 😉😊
Darn…. and all this time I thought the Sopranos, Casino, The Godfather, and Goodfellas, were about Italian Organized crime but couldn’t possibly be because they are set in New York, Las Vegas, and New Jersey in the US….
@@timothyhedrick5295 Ah so you wanna be a dick eh? Look mate the Shelbys may be of Irish & Romani descent but they're clearly Brummies and therefore would be classed as British criminal gang.
@@timothyhedrick5295 ??? Okay, the actor who portrays the main character is Irish, and one of the main antagonists is from Norn Ireland, and the IRA shows up a little bit. But the main characters throughout the show are English, and it mostly takes place in England...
Incidentally, the Trinity test was not really so much of a test of _if_ they could build an atomic bomb, but whether or not the implosion design would work, and generally what the yield would be from an atomic bomb so the military planners could figure out how best to deploy it against Japan. They had already built the "shooting" atomic bomb, and shipped it out to the Pacific to prepare for the first bombing. They were very sure that one would work fine, but they didn't have enough uranium to make a second one. The implosion-type, using plutonium, they could mass produce. So they tested the less reliable-seeming plutonium implosion "gadget" at Trinity, and then the second implosion bomb they built was the second bomb they dropped. If they were able to produce enough uranium quicker, they'd have simply made a bunch of those, done the test on one of them to figure out the yield, and just dropped a couple uranium bombs instead since the mechanism for causing fission was easier to trigger. Implosion bombs require very precise timing, so that all the outer shell explosives go off at the exact same time, otherwise it's just going to vaporize a bunch of plutonium but not cause fission.
Once the physics was figured out for how fission worked, most of the Manhattan project was actually in the refining of enough material, and figuring out the engineering of making a bomb work, particularly the electronics. The main concern about the Trinity test wasn't if fission would happen, but if the conventional explosives would go off with the right timing. It's much more of an engineering problem than a scientific one, assuming you can get the materials necessary to construct it to begin with.
So, if Trinity had failed, they could have kept trying and maybe gotten it to work eventually, but meanwhile they'd only have one bomb to drop instead of two plus another ten on the way over the next couple months. It would have resulted in a shift in strategy. Probably the best case scenario at that point would be a naval blockade, to completely starve out Japan, and continued bombing of Japanese infrastructure, which would have resulted in far more civilian deaths. They were also looking at using poison gas, and a land invasion which would have made Normandy look like child's play. Both would have been extremely messy, bloody affairs and we'd be talking about how if only the Americans had figured out plutonium bombs sooner, tens of millions of lives could've been saved. And that's not even getting into the atrocities going on across the rest of Asia and the Pacific that Japan's army was committing in the meantime.
So we should be glad that the Trinity test was successful. The war needed to end ASAP. And we know from the Japanese Emperor himself that nothing short of dropping those two atomic bombs on cities would have forced the surrender. And the Japanese military still attempted a coup to prevent him from ending the war, and very nearly succeeded.
Awesome reaction of my favorite movie!!!!😊😊😊😊
I loved the bit where that guy told the senator "Perhaps they talked about something more important than you?"
What an absolute burn. Fully nuclear.
I think I caught a glimpse of Frank Oppenheimer at the Exploratorium in San Francisco in 1980.
Pretty cool guy, actually.
Loved your reaction. Great job. And with a sleeping baby in the wings. Kudos, mom...👏
Maaaattt Daaamoooonnnn!!!
(One of us... one of us!!)
Gooble-gobble, one of us!
Japan was not going to surrender. An invasion of Japan would have produced almost a million American casualties according to estimates based in the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Despite their shortcomings in the Pacific Japan still had the resources to launch an offensive in China a year before the war ended where they conquered large portions of the country. The Imperial Japanese army still had several aircraft, medium tanks and fortifications as reserve for the final battle in the home islands. And most if not all the population in Japan had been trained and drilled endlessly to resist the invasion by any means necessary....
The other reason they bombed was to warn Russia, they were about to start a land invasion from the north.
On the contrary, the US had broken the Japanese code and not only knew they were close to surrendering, but it also knew what it would take for them to surrender. The US also knew the Soviets were going to declare war against Japan in August, which they did on August 8 and attacked Japan on August 9th, hours before the US dropped the atomic bomb on Nagasaki.
The Japanese figured out their codes were being deciphered by 1944 and stopped using coded transmissions of important operations altogether. There was an underground facility prepared for the Emperor and the military leaders (Matsushiro Underground Imperial Headquarters) and all their more potent medium tanks (Type 3 Medium Tank Chi-Nu) and remaining combat aircraft and many fuel deposits were in reserves in the home islands. Also they correctly realized the Americans were going to land in Kyushu first (Operation Olympic) during the invasion of the Japanese Home Islands (Operation Downfall). They had prepared a massive Shinpuu Tokubetsu Kougekitai kamikaze air fleet to attack the invading ships. It would have been a massacre worse than Iwo Jima......@@robertjulianoph.d.1423
@@robertjulianoph.d.1423 The decisions were not being made over Japanese radio broadcasts. They were being made in high level government meetings between the people who actually had the authority to surrender. And those people were not interested in surrender. You are speaking of revisionist history, not actual history.
@@fakecubed : I strongly encourage you to read the raw first-hand declassified government documents of the war at the National Security Archive website. On August 5, 1945 [Top Secret Ultra - “Magic” - Diplomatic Summary, War Department, Office of Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2, No. 1228], the summary of communications between Foreign Minister Shigenori Tōgō and Japanese Ambassador to the USSR Naotake Satō make it clear that Japan was working toward surrender and that they had hoped that the Soviet Union would mediate for them fair terms of surrender.
Loved the movie but don’t like the depiction of Truman who did not take the decision of the using the bomb lightly. He struggled with the decision but always felt it saved lives on both sides of the conflict. Remember the U.S. lost over 100k dead and other 200k wounded throughout the Pacific campaign.
39:47 The Japanese had shown they would not surrender as the US got closer to the mainland they were all worried that the casualties on both sides would be devastating. Still a debate today as to whether surrender could be found other ways with regular bombing but this was not as black and white as portrayed here. Lives were going to be lost with the war continuing and if the US were forced to invade the mainland, it is pretty clear the casualties would have been higher than the two bombs. The only argument is whether that was necessary and the truth is we will never know but we can at least look at the people who made this decision were not madman/or deliberately cruel, they felt they had to make a very hard decision and knew the consequences. The comic book depiction of this feels a little untruthful and in my mind hurts the serious questions being asked here about the role of nuclear weapons. The morality seems really oversimplified when it basically portrays it would be ok to nuke the Nazis but not Japan.
It also does not even consider the importance of this understanding of nuclear physics has had on energy as we hopefully solve fusion which would not be possible if we did not take the path we have. Yes, in the wrong hands nuclear power is scary but so is what is happening in the Universe. We are clearly in a race to save our existence as our modern observations of what happens out there in space with Galaxies being destroyed, stars going supernova, blackholes, collision events etc we can’t be naive about the need to successfully colonize other planets to ensure our survival. To think that we can do that without harnessing nuclear power is being ignorant and quick frankly incredibly dumb.
This movie was a BLAST, in the theaters, and not Bohring at all!
Funny true story, though: I did #barbenheimer . I saw Oppy a couple hours after Barbie, and the contrast of the two movies was something else.
I got a bottle of water from the concession stand, before going into the theater. Right around the time Trinity happened, I REALLY had to go to the bathroom. By the time Oppy met Truman, I was thinking the movie was almost over, so I hurried out of the theater, then to the bathroom, then home.
It wasn't until I got the movie on Prime, and watched it, that I realized how much MORE there was to the movie 😅.
I don't think the Americans had it planned out that they were for sure going to drop 2 Atomic bombs on Japan. The whole notion that 2 were dropped "once to show the world its power and twice to show the enemy America could keep doing it" only sort of just turned out that way.
Enjoyed the reaction thanks, fellow play-for-peace-and-lose-every-time-at-Civ player here :)
It's a good thing the atmosphere didn't ignite, coz if it did we wouldn't be here to watch youtube!
“mAt dAmOn” hahaha that made me laugh so much. Thank you.
Mary, heads up about the pacific.... there is Extreme gore in that series, worse than you can imagine atm. so you might want to check first.
i can't not do "matt damon" either. team america ruined me. the complexity of the issue of nukes tho is that they bought us decades of relative PEACE. the cold war remained a cold war because of the consequences of what a hot war would mean. Mutually Assured Destruction as a theory worked.
I had hoped that after Team America the "Matt Damon" would stick. What's really funny is it never goes away. From here-on-out, even if you don't say it out loud, in your mind you'll always hear it. Matt Damon. See.
Another true story movie about a man who builds something is The World's Fastest Indian (2005). Mary try watching some movies off of the beaten path. Enjoy.
Good luck seeing Matt Damon in any other movies after seeing Team America :D impossible to not make the voice
In an interview, he talked about how people reacted right after the Trinity test - "We knew the world would not be the same. A few people laughed, a few people cried. Most people were silent. I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture, the Bhagavad-Gita ... 'Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.' I suppose we all thought that, one way or another."
Can you imagine watching that massive fireball and going "Cool let's go drop it on a city".
8:54 the sentence fits perfectly in the movie because it's a direct quote from Oppenheimer. It's the first words he thinks of after seeing the trinity explosion.
If you want to see the other side of the bomb, watch the anime movie "in this corner of the world".
@@braincruserGods that movie is brutal. Beautiful but, much like Grave of the Fireflies, heartbreaking.
Your "MAAAATT DAAAAMON!!" had me rolling!
The creation of the atomic bomb and its use against Japan was absolutely necessary from the perspective of America at this time. The priority of any country's military should be to protect that country's people. Japan had proven that they had no intention of surrendering and were refusing any and all peace talks that they were offered at the time. The only they way they could've been stopped was through force, either an invasion or mass bombings, either of which potentially costing the lives of many American service men. With the atomic bombs, significantly less American servicemen were put in danger and Japan surrendered
This movie in theaters was an experience
If you want a story about computers used in the war, I suggest you watch The Imitation Game, the movie about Alan Turing and the team of British cryptographers who cracked the Enigma cipher machine used by the Germans.
You really can justify the use of the nuclear bombs on Japan. Consider these facts: a) 129,000 to 226,000 Japanese died from the use of the atomic bombs; b) it was estimated that 267,000 Americans would have died if we invaded Japan like we did Europe, and many more Japanese than that; c) Japan started the war when they attacked China, Korea, French Indochina (now Vietnam), Malaysia, Burma, India, USA, and countless South Pacific islands; d) in 1937, Japanese invaders murdered at least 200,000 civilians in Shanghai using only bayonets and Samurai swords; e) on March 10, 1945, the US bombed Tokyo with ordinary explosives and 90,000 to 100,000 Japanese people died.
Over 100,000 people, mainly Japanese civilians, died in the invasion of Okinawa. That’s a small island near Taiwan. The Soviet invasion of Manchuria lead to similar casualties. The American bombing of Tokyo also. The estimates Truman had for invading mainland Japan itself were many, many times that.
You have a new weapon that, maybe, can end the war without invading Japan. Why wouldn’t you try it?
About as many people died of nuclear weapons as died from the American bombing of Japan. The Allied bombing of Germany killed more. The battle of Stalingrad killed many times more. The whole war in the Soviet Union killed tens of million. China also.
In 1945 the decision to use these bombs seems, frankly, easy.
And it worked.
People of good faith can disagree but for context, military planners projected 1 million American deaths if they had invaded the Japanese mainland. The Japanese government had instructed its civilians to fight to the last person, which would have been tens of millions more.
And yes, we still have wars in the atomic age. But not direct wars between great powers, as had been the norm for centuries until the end of WWII. And the scales have been *hugely* reduced. Not wanting to dismiss the suffering of anyone today, but even Hamas-Israel (~10K deaths) and Russia-Ukraine (call it ~400K) pail in comparison. The war that the 2 atom bombs ended killed *70 million*.
I feel like I need to speak up when people say things like, “Humans never change, there will always be war”. We’ve literally reduced it by 99% in 3 generations. We should be proud of our progress and keep it going rather than giving in to cynicism and despair.
This is so important. The concept of MAD is generally not understood by generations born after the Cold War. The threat of Nuclear Destruction was very real, even to a Child of the 80s-90s like me. The Bomb wasn't just because we wanted to show the Soviets what we had, and it wasn't just to prevent insane casualty numbers on the Japanese homeland. It was a combination of both factors.
One cannot underestimate the willingness of the Japanese military to continue the fight. In fact, when the decision was made to surrender they actually tried a Coup which failed. Japan is also *stupidly mountainous* which would make clearing any resistance fighters out near impossible (See Afghanistan) especially with the technology of the late 40s.
@@Ozai75One can definitely overestimate the costs of ending the Pacific war without using the atomic bombs. The “millions would have died in an invasion” argument, even if accurate, ignores the fact that invasion was not the only non-nuclear option. In essence, the U.S. Army leadership thought invasion was the obvious plan, but U.S. Navy leadership was more interested in a blockade or besieging of all of Japan without landing troops. There is little doubt that the Navy could have done this - the Imperial Japanese Navy was utterly defeated, the Japanese merchant fleet was dramatically reduced, and U.S. surface and submarine forces were completely overwhelming, while Japanese internal resources and production capacity were insufficient and vulnerable. Costs to the U.S. of the blockade strategy (and continued conventional bombing of Japan’s remaining industrial capacity) would have been measured almost exclusively in dollars, with very few American lives lost. Japanese suffering would have been extreme, and if a coup or revolution or civil war broke out in response, that internal conflict wouldn’t necessarily have improved the conditions of most Japanese in the short term. So, there is still an analysis and argument to be made over whether total human suffering was decreased by using the atomic bombs, but the usual argument that the bombs were necessary to prevent American casualties is a false dichotomy - there was at least one other option that wouldn’t have produced large numbers of American casualties.
A movie about a car maker trying to compete with the other big manufacturers is Tucker with Jeff Bridges (theDude in The Big Lebowski) also directed by Francis Ford Coppola (The Godfather).
28:07 “I wonder what goes through your mind at a moment like this?”
“And now I am become death… destroyer of worlds.”
The book that he was reading in sanscrit was the Bhagavad Gita. It has 800pages aprox.
Great reaction and a great movie. It was wonderful to watch in IMAX. Incidentally, if you are interested in watching some stuff about Einstein then a movie called I.Q. may interest you. It is kind of a romantic comedy and it is pretty cute, and there is a miniseries called Genius that is about Einstein. I'm not suggesting a reaction necessarily, but you mentioned not seeing many things with Einstein in them and thought I'd mention those for you if you are interested.
IQ! The scene where all four geniuses are trying to help him pass the test and they're all nodding toward the fifth guy 🤣
I love how you refer to Kenneth Branagh one of the greatest Shakespearean actors of all time as extra ;)
I greatly enjoyed your reaction to the movie, but I would humbly and respectfully encourage you to read more about the decision making process to use the atomic bomb to end WWII. It almost certainly saved, on net, not only Allied lives but also Japanese lives when compared to the conventional fire bombing of other Japanese cities and the projections for an American invasion of the home islands alongside a Soviet invasion of Japanese occupied lands in mainland Asia. The prospect of complete annihilation was needed to drive such a militant system to the point of unconditional surrender, where it could be reformed into the society that it is today. Additionally, moving forward from WWII, the existence of nuclear deterrence almost certainly prevented WW3 and other large scale conflicts between the great powers during the Cold War. If that sounds ridiculous, this infographic will put the casualties associated with WW2 in perspective: ruclips.net/video/DwKPFT-RioU/видео.html
What’s also worth noting is we made up like 500,000 Purple Heart medals for the island invasion of Japan that we still use from in today’s world
The Japanese civilian population were being mobilized to fight and die pointlessly in mass wave attacks with bamboo spears against machine guns. 32 million of them, conscripted under penalty of death, to do that. Men, women, and children. Mostly women and children at that point. If the US had been forced to invade to finish off the war, I think it's doubtful Japan would even exist as a country or a people now. Those who weren't killed in the invasion would be killed by their own government, or starve. An entire nation extinct.
The only thing that stopped the war was the US dropping not just one, but two atomic bombs on Japanese cities. The Japanese emperor himself said this, and he was the only one in a position to make Japan surrender. And the Japanese military nearly pulled off a coup to stop him and keep the war going indefinitely.
speaking of John F. Kennedy, JFK would be a good movie for you to watch
The nuclear weapon absolutely would have been developed regardless of America's involvement. Anytime people hand-ring about this. I'd like them to imagine a world where Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, or Imperial Japan developed it first. I can only say I am glad 1940's America developed it, and not 2020's America. We had morals then. Lewis Strauss is now the norm, our worst natures have taken control.
I'm writing that on Sunday March 10, 2024 Oppenheimer won seven academy awards. Best Cinematography. Best Film Editing. Best Original Score. Christopher Nolan Best Director. Robert Downey Jr. won Best Supporting Actor. Cillian Murphy won Best Actor, and Best Picture. Oppenheimer is the first three long film to win Best Picture in 20 years since The Lord of the Rings The Return of the King won Best Picture at the 2004 academy awards.
nolan intended that sound would be another character onto itself for the movie. i saw this film in IMAX 70mm and let me tell ya...my heart was rattled throughout the film. the test detonation scene (trinity) left everyone speechless in the theater. just a masterpiece of filmmaking and storytelling 👏
Hey Marjike, you scoffed at the discussion of heavy water as a nuclear reaction moderator. ------ I think you will understand it more when you watch, "Chernobyl". They spend loads of time discussing graphite being visibly present in the series. ------ Which would be impossible for most humans to see, since it's in the core of the nuclear reactor. Of course the scientist in this movie are working on figuring that out. ----- Which is wild to see, since today these protocols are accepted practice in nuclear fission design.
She watched Chernobyl almost two years ago. It's on the channel.
As soon as I heard him say "moderator" I thought of Shcherbina. "Graphite is only found in the core, where it's used as a neutron flux moderator!" *looks at Valery to make sure he got it right*
@@themulattomaker2602 Nice. Good pickup on the subtle acting in "Chernobyl". That why Starsgard is a top level actor.
I'd love to see your videos on the Pacific TV series!
yeah, I seem to have had the same feelings as you, at the end of the movie: stunned silence. my father enlisted in the US Navy when he was 16 and a half to fight the Japanese in the South Pacific. he was involved in the nuclear testing. he later died from it with atomic poisoning. as an aside, months ago you said you wanted to have a 'kid'. as you are finding out, children are not 'goats'. you have a great sense of humor and a great laugh! I hope life and movies give you much more to laugh about!
It's a jolly holiday with Mary!
The bomb has stopped world war III and until we have a WWIII the argument is still valid. What you have seen in your life time is nothing compared to a world war. I am a American soldier trained to fight that war. The reason Americans will not flinch on the use of such weapons is the knowledge that the Americas can survive first strike but our enemies will not. Why do you think the United States Military is every where with sea and air power . We will not be the first to strike, but we will be the last.
Thumbnail makes it look like Mary is getting quite the kick out of nuclear fire! LOL :)
Hey Marijke, the end line is quite chilling."The explosion will result in an event that will destroy the world... I believe we did". ------- To know the event you feared while designing your invention. -------Didn't happen the way you thought, in fact the fear did come to pass. Just not the way you thought.
Yeah, no one expected Godzilla.
@@fakecubed nice one. I forgot Godzilla and X-men were brought about by the nuclear age.
Fantastic film, incredible cast. I would love Mary to watch Tenet (Kenneth Branagh is so seething let evil in it!), but that movie is so gosh darn puzzling regardless of who watches it for the first time.
Thanks, Mary! ☢ All hail, Christopher Nolan.
You need to see "First man",....... You will love it......
She already did.
What is a nice mom like you doing at an apocalypse like this ;-) Was good cinema in theater, would have been awesome at Imax. Kangaroo court but not in Australia ;-)
The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (1994)
Muriels's Wedding (1994)
Eagle vs Shark (2007)
The Dish (2000)
The Whale Rider (2002)
The Castle (1997)
Hunt for the Wilderpeople (2016)
The Piano (1993)
Once Were Warriors (1994)
The Frighteners (1996)
Heavenly Creatures (1994)
My parents, who were about your age in 1945, said they were happy that the war was over, but anxious about the Atomic Age.
You should check out the mini series Genius about Einstein its really good
I usually don't care about the Oscars, but if this movie doesn't win "Best Picture" and a slew of other awards, the whole thing is a farce.
with all do respect, i absolutely love your reviews, but certain movies like this one deserve to be watched in a movie theater!
it will be a much better immersive experience for yourself, but movies like this helping becoming successful uppen the chance they will make more of those!
But we wanted this reaction.
I let myself be convinced to go see this in theaters, and while I enjoy the film a lot, there was nothing all that special about the theater experience that I wouldn't have rather just waited for a Blu-ray.
The only movie all year that was actually worth seeing in theaters was Godzilla Minus One, and I've been back to see it four times total.
@@fakecubed Oppenheimer in IMAX... for a film that takes place 95% indoors. Money well spent.
@@fakecubed i must say i disagree, sure this movie was not like spectacle, this is shot in a unique imax format itself,
that quality of picture helped a lot to get immersed into this world.
i have at home a kick ass 65 inch 4k HDR screen and a quality home surround sound system.
i enjoy watching movies like that, but nothing beat imax when its a quality movie
20:49 only just clocked that the guys turning on the recorder
The nuclear bomb ended the war faster. Not a forgone conclusion that it was for bad purposes.
Ahh, you're a Civver ❤😁 Build just enough for a strong defense, and they'll mostly leave you alone lol
Also, yes please watch The Pacific. Even if you don't have time to do reactions to it, just watch it 'cuz it's *so good*
Among the scientific giants of the 20th century, Einstein and Oppenheimer stand above all - among the smartest people who ever lived.
Werner Heisenberg, Niles Bohr, Marie Curie, Enrico Fermi, Erwin Schrödinger, Ernest Rutherford, Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner, Rosalind Franklin and so many more in different fields.
It really was golden age of modern science.
Theory of relativity, nuclear physics and quantum mechanics just to name few.
@@Mirrori I wonder sometimes if nowadays all the best scientists are working on new secret projects for governments and we'll just never know about it because they're figuring out stuff that the governments of the world will only reveal if there is another WW2-like war (which hopefully will never happen), out of fear that other countries will develop the same technology and make the world an even more dangerous place. The US government, for example, is essentially working with isotopes no civilian scientists in the public eye can ever work with experimentally, and has such a large black budget that they could potentially develop everything. All the science out in the open is basically working with way less resources.
I mean, think about if somebody did come up with a "theory of everything". No government would want that out there for everyone to read about in a scientific paper. The military applications for that theory would be enormous. If they thought anyone was getting close, out in public, what might they do to suppress it or drag it into the shadows?
I think most of the UFO phenomena is just a psy-op and a bunch of advanced drone swarm technology and stealth technology, but I do wonder sometimes if we've seen glimpses of an ongoing secret Manhattan-style project that nobody's had cause yet to reveal to the world. After all, Los Alamos was never shut down.
FunFact: Frankenstein or the new Prometeus .
So, I guess no _Bad Santa_ this year.😭
Yes he Nobel prizes in one day that’s all like wow he dynamite
Hi. Please react to “Come and See”, a 1985 Soviet anti-war film. Thanks.
Oh geez, we don't want her to stop watching movies forever 😐
...she could follow it up with Threads, seems like a good sequel to Oppenheimer...
"I don't like your phrase"
You shouldn't have removed the last interrogation part
Watch The Good Son with Maculey Culkin