The Andronovo Culture and the Oxus civilization (the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex)

The Andronovo and Oxus civilizations were key players in the ancient world, contributing to cultural, technological, and economic exchanges across Central Asia. The Andronovo culture, known for its horse riding, chariot use, and livestock herding, thrived on the Eurasian steppe from 2000 to 900 BCE. Meanwhile, the Oxus civilization (also known as the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex) flourished in the fertile river valleys, excelling in advanced irrigation, metallurgy, and intricate craftsmanship. These civilizations interacted through trade, shaping the cultural and technological landscape of the region.