Omnidirectional vs directional antennas what's the difference? | weBoost

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  • Опубликовано: 29 авг 2024

Комментарии • 443

  • @MrIvan
    @MrIvan 4 года назад +88

    Even though you passed away you are still spreading knowledge, thank you. It's crazy how easily you explained that, I've been working with antennas as a hobby for a while and had no idea about a bunch of things you cleared up in this video. Sad to read the description of the video and learning from your passing away.

    • @qwrrye455
      @qwrrye455 3 года назад

      Yes, I strongly agreed with you 🙏

    • @ilyesnoname1959
      @ilyesnoname1959 3 года назад +3

      May he rest in peace

    • @pushparajvaghela3476
      @pushparajvaghela3476 3 года назад

      Can you tell how much the size of patterns differs b/w the two comparable (omni vs directional) units from same manufacturer.
      Basically how much the gain is.

    • @00fke
      @00fke 6 месяцев назад

      Aww, he seems like a great guy :(

  • @ModiTheFox
    @ModiTheFox 4 года назад +34

    Rest in peace Don, an invaluable addition to the endless sea of electrical and radio experts that specifically Don set a shining example of what to strive to be
    Thanks for your immensely appreciated work with Wilson/weBoost and the field of radio communications

  • @brookskeys8364
    @brookskeys8364 8 лет назад +132

    I'm an engineer, but not an electrical engineer. I have NEVER been able to determine how, what appears to be a single wire, is able to relay a radio wave into the radio. This video and "How does an antenna work" explain this very clearly. Thanks to Don Dinsdale and WeBoost for these, and the other, videos.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  8 лет назад +2

      +Brooks Keys You're welcome, thanks for watching!

    • @timepassvidio3623
      @timepassvidio3623 7 лет назад +1

      please... how produce radio wave in radio circuit

    • @BillAnt
      @BillAnt 4 года назад +4

      It actually uses Don's unbuttoned cuffs to direct the radio energy forward. xD
      Oh, at 2:09 that "thing" looks like a penis antenna, but the main thing is that it works! lol

    • @TheMikevt
      @TheMikevt 4 года назад

      What is the mathematical equation for the branches. I know it works in a magnetic flux field. Is it possible to move the branches to optimize the signal? Say when you increase the size of the antenna?

    • @CaliforniaTravelVideos
      @CaliforniaTravelVideos 4 года назад

      ​@@TheMikevt First off, the wave LENGTH of the signal is the reciprocal of the center frequency, sometimes expresses in lambda (velocity/frequency). In the design of a Yagi, the basic "zero-order" type has all of the radiating elements (smaller directing antennas in front of the reflector) designed to be one-half wavelength long and spaced one-quarter wavelength apart from one another. From here the calculations for the spacing and number of radiators gets more complicated but the principle relating to generate a stronger antenna gain that is more directional with different impedance, side-lobe characteristics, etc. still relates to the mathematical relationship of the radiators. Bottom line, both the length and spacing/distance is important to ensure the directors generate additive signal strength, just like the prism reflectors in a lighthouse.

  • @icns01
    @icns01 5 лет назад +6

    Wow! Not everyone is blessed with the ability to explain technical concepts like this. Thanks Don. R.I.P

  • @xforney
    @xforney 4 года назад +3

    I'm an computer engineer and understood cable and antennas, but not at the level that Don explained this subject. This is great learning.

  • @bumbleboltfpv3707
    @bumbleboltfpv3707 5 лет назад +3

    I'm so sorry Don has passed. For what its worth I really appreciated this help.

  • @fvrrljr
    @fvrrljr Год назад

    DIY guy here (goldsmith/master jeweler, photovoltaic/solar thermal technician) made lot's of antennas without having the knowledge of why and how they work. really appreciate this video

  • @mixpix
    @mixpix 3 дня назад

    Beautiful when someone can explain something so clearly. Thank you.

  • @kayzplace786
    @kayzplace786 2 года назад

    Rest in peace Don, i am watching your video all the way from the UK, London learning about Antennas, this video has helped me greatly. Thank you.
    My condolences and prayers.

  • @JL-cu8rh
    @JL-cu8rh 3 года назад +1

    Don, your video is probably the best understood video on how the antenna works on 30 or so videos that I watched on RUclips. I am an engineer but not in this area, and your explanation is super clear!! Keep up the good work!!

  • @abedbob4046
    @abedbob4046 6 лет назад +1

    I checked all the videos made by those so - called Engineers and Dr, but never get what they were talking about, till I bumped into your videos. Thank you very much for this outstanding video.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  6 лет назад

      Abed Bod we're glad you liked the video and found it helpful!

  • @purpledude603
    @purpledude603 5 лет назад +70

    Now that is a thorough explanation. Can you please explain women on your next video. That would be very helpful as well.

    • @icns01
      @icns01 5 лет назад +10

      Lol...Good one! Thats requires a much more technical explanation I'm afraid!

    • @guuuu666
      @guuuu666 5 лет назад +4

      Too bad he passed away in 2017.

    • @finnleithomczyk5292
      @finnleithomczyk5292 4 года назад +2

      😂

    • @BillAnt
      @BillAnt 4 года назад +5

      Apparently he passed away in 2017... a woman killed him. lol Trust me, after 20 years of marriage, they'll just clean you out of your last penny, so the closest explanation is "Men are from Mars, women are from Venus" 'nuff said! xD

    • @mrcontroversy222
      @mrcontroversy222 3 года назад

      @@BillAnt wait. What? The guy in the video?! V

  • @JIUJITSUDAREN
    @JIUJITSUDAREN 2 года назад +1

    You did a great job explaining EVERYTHING. Still helping people and leaving a legacy.

  • @Willymuiru
    @Willymuiru 7 лет назад

    This guy is brilliant, you should have been my antenna engineering lecturer back in the university, may you live a long life....!!!

  • @thrupthishetty896
    @thrupthishetty896 3 года назад

    I wish the internet was full of such elegant explanations.

  • @TheGrainSideUp
    @TheGrainSideUp 5 лет назад

    I am looking to boost my cell service where service is weak at home. I stumbled on this video and appreciate the explanation to a lay person. Sorry to hear about your loss. I would like to thank Don for his service and WeBoost for your assistance with this video.

  • @nathleflutiste
    @nathleflutiste 7 месяцев назад

    One of the best explications out there, everything is so clear ! Thanks !
    Just seen the RIP comments… So how could i not join ? RIP Don, I'm sure you helped so much people, deserve a great rest now.

  • @Ntifragility
    @Ntifragility 4 года назад +2

    What the hell!!! This man is so good explaining things like this. (He was... I know). All the best to people who miss him.

    • @CloudTheZoologist
      @CloudTheZoologist 4 года назад

      =( yes he was realy good, sad to know we lost him...

    • @lesterreed7199
      @lesterreed7199 4 года назад

      He died? Whos going to answer my question?

    • @Ntifragility
      @Ntifragility 4 года назад

      Yes. He passed away.

  • @ctrlbit
    @ctrlbit 7 месяцев назад

    This was one of the best video that explain it the way any one can understand.... good part is you are still spreading knowledge

  • @trading3072
    @trading3072 2 года назад

    He passed to a better place. This is the RUclips I miss in 2022.

  • @rocket1949
    @rocket1949 5 лет назад +4

    Thank you weboost for keeping this informative video available . It is indeed a tribute to Don.

  • @4XLibelle
    @4XLibelle 7 лет назад +1

    Wow, this video and the one about dipoles made the subject so clear--thanks! I could watch your videos all day. Much appreciated. You've removed the mystery of antenna construction and increased my curiosity. Neat stuff!

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  7 лет назад

      We're glad you found it helpful!
      Thanks for watching!

  • @Rohitsharma-oh9wt
    @Rohitsharma-oh9wt 7 лет назад +43

    sir, your way of explanation is great

  • @sainathrao1758
    @sainathrao1758 7 лет назад +1

    Thanks a lot sir ........I could not understand this concept in whole Semester, you just explained in less than 10 minutes

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  7 лет назад

      Thanks for watching Sainath! We're happy to help.

  • @shobanagunasekaran6680
    @shobanagunasekaran6680 6 лет назад

    So sorry to hear about the loss .I am sure he was an asset to your organization :)

  • @olechuga2
    @olechuga2 6 лет назад +1

    EXCELLENT, Sir. Very simple explanations, yet, as how you explained the subject matter, how truthful.
    Sir, I had never understood the yagi antennas of days gone by for our tv sets, until now --> sixty-five (65) years later!
    Thank you Sir, very much indeed. Great video too.
    Oscar

  • @pravinkakade5328
    @pravinkakade5328 4 года назад +4

    This is the best explanation I've ever heard.
    Thank you so much for this great video.

  • @MrSyedbasit
    @MrSyedbasit 7 лет назад

    You are a genius Sir, I am a student of Msc Electronics in University of Kashmir. I really liked the way u make it understandable in a real sense which is actually the purpose of Study... Here teachers make it only upto the mathematical calculations...

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  7 лет назад

      Thanks for watching Syed! We will pass the kind message along to Don.

  • @ynnebbenny
    @ynnebbenny 6 лет назад

    I thoroughly enjoyed that. I have never taken a moment to even consider the workings of an antenna.

  • @spanex2000
    @spanex2000 9 месяцев назад

    Hello Sir/Weboost,
    Thank you for your concise yet highly effective explanation of the Antenna working concept. Despite going through various videos and documents, your video stood out in making the concept crystal clear for me. All my doubts have been resolved, and now I grasp the antenna's working mechanism much better. Your help is greatly appreciated!

  • @user-im8yv6ne4f
    @user-im8yv6ne4f Месяц назад

    hi...thanks again you saved me years in testing...have a good time...

  • @nathanwhouston
    @nathanwhouston 5 лет назад

    Came here to like the great video, so sorry to learn of Don’s passing.

  • @MounikaVaradadaddy
    @MounikaVaradadaddy 6 лет назад +1

    Sir really have a awesome experience in the field of antennas,and your work in this video is really meticulous.You have made my doubts pretty clear.Nice videos

  • @TerminusTypeS
    @TerminusTypeS 7 лет назад +6

    thank you so much! after many years I finally understand!

  • @keltonbailey
    @keltonbailey 8 лет назад

    Im a ham and i didn't quite know how a Yagi worked clearly this video was quite informational.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  8 лет назад

      +Kelton Bailey Thanks Kelton, glad this was helpful.

  • @BeauReviews
    @BeauReviews 3 года назад

    This fella should teach college courses. I would sign up for all his classes. Well done.

    • @alexdiamantopoulos6614
      @alexdiamantopoulos6614 3 года назад

      You should research Japanese scientist name Yagi in how he discovered the yagi ant and how it works. This fella you said is not correct on a yagi ant. builder.

  • @selder03
    @selder03 11 месяцев назад

    Best & simple description of antennas. Thank you

  • @novatelcommunicationsltd
    @novatelcommunicationsltd 5 лет назад +1

    Video was great! Very well-explained and easy to understand, especially to household users wanting to learn about antennas.

  • @user-rj6cc8tk1h
    @user-rj6cc8tk1h 3 месяца назад

    So easy to understand even for me who has a little knowledge about antennas

  • @jerkshop
    @jerkshop 7 лет назад +1

    You're funny when you explain things which makes this discussion fun and interesting.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  7 лет назад

      Glad you enjoyed, hope it helped you out! Thanks for watching!

  • @FikkyT13
    @FikkyT13 10 месяцев назад

    Thank you for this video, now am a subscriber
    you are indeed greatly missed 😩

  • @hotpuppy72
    @hotpuppy72 8 лет назад

    Very concise, clear explanation of how antenna's work. Thanks!

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  8 лет назад

      +Brian Greul Thanks Brian, glad you found this helpful.

  • @paramforaccounts
    @paramforaccounts 9 месяцев назад

    Beautiful. Complex concept explained in simple way. RIP

  • @neilreid9005
    @neilreid9005 4 года назад

    Outstanding video. Sorry to hear of Don's passing.

  • @mscir
    @mscir 7 лет назад +1

    Interesting, thank you. I'd like to see a more detailed yagi analysis. I was told by a ham operator that the directors absorb then re-radiate the energy, and that's how they increase signal strength, so I think I see how they make the signal more directional but not how they increase gain. If you did a more detailed explanation showing what happens at each element of the antenna that wold be very interesting. Thank You.

  • @Gabrie177
    @Gabrie177 8 лет назад

    thank you for your information on antennas. I am taking my CWNA exam in a few months and video like these are a great help on antennas

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  8 лет назад

      +Narresh Ramdayal You're welcome, thanks for the comment. Glad these were helpful to you.

  • @Hukaro
    @Hukaro 2 года назад

    Thank you for the excellent explination. Rest in peace. ♥

  • @hypnosiscenternyc
    @hypnosiscenternyc 4 года назад

    Your videos are amazing. Brief, to the point, interesting .. i watched a ton of ham radio videos but really did not understand antennas till I watched yours. Thanks

  • @utube4greenfuture
    @utube4greenfuture 7 лет назад

    Your teaching technique is outstanding. I have learned a lot. If you get time can you explain how a single dangling wire on an electrical garage door works. As well, could you include how the coiled wire around a tube inside the remote works. Again, thank you so much for your gift of teaching about antenna's.

  • @cherylhershberger2100
    @cherylhershberger2100 5 месяцев назад

    Significantly educational! I'm grateful!

  • @rgagnon6402
    @rgagnon6402 Год назад

    Merci beaucoup, très intéressant et très bien expliqué. Reposez en paix M. Don

  • @est-cequecamarche4674
    @est-cequecamarche4674 10 месяцев назад

    Thank you very much for those videos: You explain it very very clearly , it's appreciated. Thanks again. Helped me a lot !

  • @DKG534
    @DKG534 9 лет назад +6

    Great stuff! You make it simple and very easy to learn. Keep up the great work!

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  7 лет назад

      We're happy you were able to learn from the video!
      Thanks for watching!

  • @CryptoHDD
    @CryptoHDD 5 лет назад +3

    Awesome work man, very helpful! You definitely know your stuff well.

  • @DY1SLAYZFR1
    @DY1SLAYZFR1 4 года назад

    What I like about directional Antenna’s is I can receive more clear signals because it’s not receiving signals on the sides and rear of the antenna like static frequencies. Having a omnidirectional will receive all the static frequency’s or whatever you call it. I’ve experienced this with my home base having to have a switchboard and a huge improvement especially tracking a mobile car. Hoping to have your input about this great video though.

  • @trainmaster0217
    @trainmaster0217 2 года назад

    BeautifuL! You made your presentation very clear and easy to understand. Thank you.

  • @chadpennington6898
    @chadpennington6898 9 лет назад

    Great info ! Clear explanations and just the right amount of detail. Really like the use of graphics, clear audio with background, and edit length of clips. Having done production and editing for advertising and educational video I might make a few suggestions to polish the look and presentation.
    I will have a look at a few more videos first and won't presume to add my opinion here.
    Looking forward to using some of your gear for ham radio applications.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  9 лет назад

      +Chad Pennington Hi Chad, thanks for the input, we appreciate it. Glad these videos have been helpful.
      We welcome comments and suggestions as we are constantly striving to make our videos better. Feel free to email us at socialsupport@weboost.com with your thoughts. We'd love to hear them.

    • @cjlansberrylansberry8496
      @cjlansberrylansberry8496 8 лет назад

      LM m?
      ?!nnññ. nu ~~~

  • @olechuga2
    @olechuga2 7 лет назад +4

    Just plain excellent. Thank you Sir.

  • @tyronetbrown2152
    @tyronetbrown2152 2 года назад

    I really like how you break stuff down so that someone can really understand what you are trying to explain you really know how to show a person how it works im going to subscribe to your blog you are really good at what you're saying and doing keep up the good work. Tyrone Baltimore Maryland Happy Holidays to you and your family. Plus keep up the good work.?

  • @bradleysmith681
    @bradleysmith681 8 лет назад +1

    Great series of videos.. Thanks for explaining the very complex subject in simple terms.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  8 лет назад +2

      Thanks for the message Bradley, we're happy to help!

  • @testchannel55
    @testchannel55 6 лет назад

    I am fortunate to learn from this video and the great sharing and explanation by you, Sir Don. Thank you for your sharing.

  • @davidjames9935
    @davidjames9935 8 лет назад

    It is probably a good idea to state that directional antennas will radiate in ALL directions, just not well. For example, if you made a Yagi antenna with 50 elements, it would likely have very good forward gain but you could walk around the antenna with a field strength meter and likely get some deflection of it assuming in the favored direction it was calibrated for full scale deflection. It should be stated that even a directional antenna will have good enough performance near it. Especially if it is a casually fed array in which the nulls will no be so good.
    Also, any omni antenna can likely be turned into a directional antenna by doing any of multiple things to it such as putting a dish behind it to focus it, creating a phased array or verticals.... So in the case of phased verticals (let's say 2 identical verticals), each antenna then is NOT omnidirectional cuz a main lobe will form . You likely already know this but I am just stating some exceptions where you are stating the general rule.
    Lastly, I wonder why they say when phasing 2 or more antennas that they ideally have to be identical antennas. What would happen if I took 2 same band antennas but were physically different? I would assume if fed properly they would still have gain. For example, if I had a 5 element Yagi and stacked it with a 7 element Yagi. I put the 7 element lower to help reduce the wind load on the mast and put the 5 element higher since it has less wind load. I wonder if something like that can be modeled correctly using antenna modelling software.

  • @Oxendine9381
    @Oxendine9381 4 года назад

    Great tutorial, sorry for your loss.

  • @707172gts
    @707172gts 8 лет назад

    thanks for the time you spent to teach on this subject. It has been useful in my understanding. Once again, thank you.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  8 лет назад

      +707172gts You're welcome, thanks for watching.

  • @aso6437
    @aso6437 6 лет назад

    That was an excellent explanation of the difference of these two types. Thanks!

  • @MrRayle6
    @MrRayle6 7 лет назад +2

    Best explanation I've seen, cheers mate.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  7 лет назад

      Glad you enjoyed it! Thanks for the kind words.

  • @dwlxmx9291
    @dwlxmx9291 2 года назад

    Thank you for this initiative!

  • @krishnamahato3808
    @krishnamahato3808 8 лет назад

    very good animations in between the lecture.. this lecture is going to be help me in my project

  • @Sethjxl
    @Sethjxl 5 лет назад +1

    You just made it so simple. Thank you.

  • @jitendrasingh-xo7ts
    @jitendrasingh-xo7ts 4 года назад

    Thanks for sharing such a lovely info sir....Its gonna be good for my Aircraft Avionics Radio system and aircraft antennas studies.....

  • @donsam2681
    @donsam2681 8 лет назад

    awesome video thanks i learned a lot today. I'm installing a yagi on my folks home in alabama where its a dead zone. hopefully everything works out

  • @raynestormwayne7849
    @raynestormwayne7849 6 лет назад

    A very good explanation of antenna functionality, thank you

  • @flyworldwide8961
    @flyworldwide8961 4 года назад +1

    Thank you for the clarity on how antennas work, have you done anything on the dish antenna works?

  • @ebrahimprice2154
    @ebrahimprice2154 6 лет назад +2

    I learned something today. Thank you.

  • @pilottk
    @pilottk 8 лет назад +4

    Please explain how parabolic antennas work :D
    Thank you :)

  • @charlesstrickland778
    @charlesstrickland778 4 года назад

    Explained it very well. Good video, I grew up using all types of antennas. I Have a Great FM set up.

  • @TexasBuyer2001
    @TexasBuyer2001 4 года назад

    Very clear and informative video. Well done!

  • @aamartins
    @aamartins 5 лет назад

    Excellent explanation! Thank you so much weBoost!

  • @CentralWatersports
    @CentralWatersports 7 лет назад

    Very nice video!!! very simple but very explanatory! Well done.

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  7 лет назад

      Thank you, glad it helped you out!
      Thanks for watching.

  • @TheFonzy213
    @TheFonzy213 9 лет назад

    Excellent information, very useful and easily explained Don!

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  9 лет назад

      +Alfonso Sotelo Thanks, We're glad it was helpful.

  • @GauravSingh-cs6he
    @GauravSingh-cs6he 7 лет назад

    Hey!! Don, you are really nice and you teach very well!!.. i liked your way to make things understand!! and those who dislike this they don't have an appetite to learn!!.
    Keep Rocking we boost and Don :)

  • @armanjohnduterte2224
    @armanjohnduterte2224 4 года назад

    Great lecture, will be watching more fr9m this channel

  • @XC797
    @XC797 4 года назад +1

    Great job: I am interested in reading up on step by step basics for first timer on this subject . Any suggestions .

  • @vishnumurthy1245
    @vishnumurthy1245 7 лет назад

    these helped me to clearly understand the antennas . sir can u post more video's on types of antenna and their radiaton patterns

    • @weboostsignal
      @weboostsignal  7 лет назад +1

      Glad you enjoyed the video and thanks for watching!

  • @gehadali3597
    @gehadali3597 5 лет назад +2

    first, thank you for your video
    how does the electromagnetic wave of antenna travel through all medium without affected by all conditions of environment like( rain ,or faced high building in their way)?

    • @paganphil100
      @paganphil100 4 года назад

      Gehad Ali: The EM wave IS affected by obstacles (buildings, trees, hills etc). The higher the frequency, the more it is affected which is why WiFi and cell-phones which both operate on extremely high frequencies would have a very short range if they didn't use relay-towers or "boosters".

  • @steve4510
    @steve4510 7 лет назад

    Comparing relatively the same power and brand antennas (Omnidirectional vs directional), how much distance (in feet) is gained or lost (looking at the source of intended hookup/contact, ball-park estimate of course)?
    Example: a directional antenna can reach out further to the intended/hookup source vs an Omini antenna that spreads out its energy around the antenna… Therefore spreading out the energy will lessen the distance to the intended source...

  • @Harpe87
    @Harpe87 2 года назад

    Very good explanation. Thank you 🌟

  • @manuelmarquez7726
    @manuelmarquez7726 6 лет назад

    I'm learning something new everyday thank you very much 4 explain to us ..

  • @gerowen
    @gerowen 6 лет назад +1

    On those whips are the spring/coiled portions of the whip there to act as a choke and reduce the amount of reflected power that makes it back to the radio, or are they there to act as an actual spring/strain relief mechanism?

    • @paganphil100
      @paganphil100 4 года назад

      Marcus Adams: The coils are usually used to reduce the PHYSICAL length of an antenna whilst still retaining the ELECTRICAL length. If they didn't do this you would have to have very long unwieldy antennas on your car !

  • @brianagalvez8882
    @brianagalvez8882 8 лет назад +2

    you guys did a great job

  • @deecoder4497
    @deecoder4497 5 лет назад +1

    RIP sir you explained very well

  • @simonslocombe5942
    @simonslocombe5942 3 года назад

    Excellent videos Don, really well explained, the graphics clearly simulate the theory, I have question ? ... what are the carrier frequencies to enable a signal to become airborne, ie the signal escapes from the wire/aerial and then can't get back on ...? Somewhere starting at the Long Wave Low frequency range... Google claims its 30 - 300 KHz.

  • @geraldhenrickson7472
    @geraldhenrickson7472 5 лет назад

    This was great stuff. I can tell Don was a really great guy. Thanks!

  • @BlueRice
    @BlueRice 4 года назад

    you explain it very well. thank you

  • @hiro.ocampo
    @hiro.ocampo 5 лет назад

    Sir, can you create a tutorial on how to create an attenna for TV just by using homemade tools, like wires, coppers, and any metal that can be found from the kitchen? and also antenna to boost cellphone internet if possible?

  • @vahagnmelikyan2906
    @vahagnmelikyan2906 11 месяцев назад

    So it's like transformer coil wired next to each other. The magnetic field flux lines don't cross each other so they slightly change the direction of magnetic flux lines combining with each other making sort of longitude (directional) magnetic field.

  • @SVTech-kh2ow
    @SVTech-kh2ow 5 лет назад +1

    *Awesome sir, your explanation is GREAT!!! Thank you so much :)*

  • @odos88
    @odos88 8 лет назад

    Subscriber number 5000! Great videos, thank you!

  • @ivannicolas1246
    @ivannicolas1246 4 года назад

    thankyou..you make it easy to understand..

  • @imranjalali
    @imranjalali 5 лет назад

    Thanks for a great tutorial, can you please explain what is the best antenna for short wave radios?