How to fool a GPS - Todd Humphreys

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  • Опубликовано: 19 июн 2024
  • Todd Humphreys forecasts the near-future of geolocation when millimeter-accurate GPS "dots" will enable you to find pin-point locations, index-search your physical possessions ... or to track people without their knowledge. And the response to the sinister side of this technology may have unintended consequences of its own. (Filmed at TEDxAustin.)
    Talk by Todd Humphreys.

Комментарии • 155

  • @sheniquashaquon
    @sheniquashaquon 4 года назад +6

    Beepers, cell phones, emails, gps trackers... Scheezch!!!! I just wanna be left the fk alone... 🤦🏽‍♀️

  • @berstongeorge
    @berstongeorge 8 лет назад +2

    Fantastic presentation. Your style of communication of hand gesture is perfect for me.

    • @schism5333
      @schism5333 6 лет назад +1

      them hand gestures were nice

  • @jml_53
    @jml_53 Месяц назад

    There certainly were "in-car" GPS receivers in 2000. I had one and it worked fine. I also remember this change and the improvement it led to, but even before hand, the errors were annoyances, not problems.

  • @dovlevenglick9995
    @dovlevenglick9995 10 лет назад +10

    At the risk of heresy - what's so bad with losing something every once in a while?

  • @cobrabubbles22
    @cobrabubbles22 6 лет назад +3

    At 7min into video - "Carol is not the first and certainly won't be the last to find herself in this kind of fearsome environment, worrisome situation caused by GPS tracking." This 'fearsome environment' the speaker is talking about was not caused by GPS tracking. It was caused by creepy guys stalking people.

  • @minhenes
    @minhenes 6 лет назад +1

    Carrier phase method needs averaging time of hours to get mm position of the antenna

  • @devesh09
    @devesh09 2 года назад +1

    I have a question ⁉️ why we not use nano second in conversion of longitude and latitude ❓

  • @robertfennis6088
    @robertfennis6088 7 лет назад +15

    "I shouldn't have to bother my wife with that triviality". No you should remember where you put your shoes.

  • @billybbob18
    @billybbob18 7 лет назад +2

    I built a small gps tracker with that same ublox chip shown. I can fit the whole unit into a tic tac container with battery included.

  • @_Viking
    @_Viking Год назад +1

    Those 'dots' now exist. But not directly by GPS, but a combination of GPS, 4/5G and wifi. Any cellphone that detects a dot report its position back into the network where the owner then can localize his dot no matter the distance. Both Google and Apple use this technology.

  • @Freakcent
    @Freakcent 9 лет назад +37

    Now I still want to know if he found the GPS tracker in Carol's car or not....

    • @chopinbloc
      @chopinbloc 8 лет назад +4

      +Vincent Carmiggelt I'm pretty sure "Carol" was hypothetical.

    • @skyr8449
      @skyr8449 7 лет назад +1

      you sure?

    • @SECONDQUEST
      @SECONDQUEST 7 лет назад

      Lord Lima Bean yes

    • @schism5333
      @schism5333 6 лет назад +1

      not sure how unsure you are

    • @hidgik
      @hidgik 6 лет назад +1

      Carol brought another car.

  • @WarmWeatherGuy
    @WarmWeatherGuy 11 лет назад +2

    Iran obtained a US drone in December 2011. They claim to have gotten it through GPS spoofing. It would have been nice if this was mentioned in the video.

  • @shaider1982
    @shaider1982 7 лет назад

    In the novel "Makers" by Cory Doctoree, the object finding tech was implemented using RFID chips and wi fi.

    • @igrewold
      @igrewold 6 лет назад

      Is there a movie of that?

  • @MichaelFlatman
    @MichaelFlatman 8 лет назад +22

    2:45 pokemon go!

    • @mobulubenelux2545
      @mobulubenelux2545 4 года назад

      In a simple way,... I have heard of Chinees - Russian - Italian hackers some time ago that they where able to fly there drones in restricted zones just by letting there drones believe they where actually advanced GPS Robot cleaners via an included NorthStar Navigation Cube,... GPS MOD + SOME OTHER EXOTIC TRANSMISSION - RECEIVER MOD. LOL

  • @nanjero5000
    @nanjero5000 10 лет назад

    He looked like he was really excited when he was talking about his closing argument like he was really expecting bad things to come

  • @moiquiregardevideo
    @moiquiregardevideo 6 лет назад +3

    The prediction of millimeter precise GPS in 2013 was just a dream?
    Now, cell phone simulate that precision, not with the GPS radio receiver, but with the embedded 3D accelerometer and 3D gyroscopes. Many cell phones also have 3D magnetic sensor which can contribute to confirm the real time map.

    • @___echo___
      @___echo___ 2 года назад

      Dont forget the wifi maps, wifi is being used to increase accuracy, and its easy since the phone already has wifi built in

  • @jamesb8305
    @jamesb8305 5 лет назад +10

    Our privacy ended on May 2, 2000.

  • @maryprior9386
    @maryprior9386 10 месяцев назад

    Any info or advice regarding a remedy for being tracked wherever I live by a family I know that live in Durham NC and I no longer live in the United States. I can hear them and they can hear me 24/7. This not due to my new phone ,computer and Ido not own a car. All agencies have been advised which include the Durham Police Department. I am physically safe and concerned that if this is happening me for YEARS what about women ect.

  • @luddity
    @luddity 6 лет назад

    Despite the potential for catastrophic mischief making, people still want to rely on their phones to be smarter than them and find their shoes for them. Promise and peril, for sure!

  • @videoman7659
    @videoman7659 6 лет назад +2

    Walmart use to jam cell phones amongst other grocery stores

  • @robertbramski1441
    @robertbramski1441 8 месяцев назад +1

    10 years later....

  • @yellowklayman
    @yellowklayman 11 лет назад +1

    I think advertisers are more enthusiastic about tracking people's location, schedules and interests

  • @hidgik
    @hidgik 6 лет назад +6

    Five years later....

  • @gl5855
    @gl5855 2 года назад

    This guy really predicted the future

  • @burprobrox9134
    @burprobrox9134 2 месяца назад

    In 2024 hearing someone using tomtom as a reference is hilarious. My teenager has never even heard of it

  • @viperxx1
    @viperxx1 8 лет назад +1

    So are the dots available yet?

  • @amusicalheart7
    @amusicalheart7 7 лет назад

    Heck, forget about following people. I know a few I'd track just so I could effectively avoid them.

  • @nanjero5000
    @nanjero5000 10 лет назад +1

    He looked evil during his closing speech lol like he was expecting something really bad to happen in the near future when these techs are developed

  • @curtis1336
    @curtis1336 8 лет назад +5

    you will buy them in bulk, stick them on everything you own worth more then a few dollars then the guy who figures out your log in will promptly remove everything you own worth more then a few dollars xD growing pains i guess

  • @robertmaybeth3434
    @robertmaybeth3434 6 лет назад +1

    goggle "All-in-One RF Bug Detector" (i'd put a link but they'd probably delete it). You can get these for $250 and will detect the transmitters, what you are looking for. I'd think it would be easy to test too - just turn on device tracking on your phone and look for the light.

  • @jjon6743
    @jjon6743 4 года назад

    i know how to use radar the old boats i used to work on had them the old and new ones don't have any that work now. and we are gps reliant now. i can still navigate using the sun and land marks and stars.

  • @massivejester
    @massivejester 10 лет назад

    A similar thing was used in the James Bond movie Tomorrow Never Dies. Old news.

    • @samiam5557
      @samiam5557 8 лет назад

      And also in the 60s Bond, "Goldfinger."

  • @ktms1188
    @ktms1188 4 года назад +2

    I wonder if Iran would ever use something like this.

  • @victicklish1024
    @victicklish1024 3 года назад +3

    No Todd I can’t reconcile for using a spoofer...... I don’t have one but since 2014 I have been tracked everywhere I go, harassed by multiple vehicles. Just imagine my life or how anyone’s life would be changed when constantly being followed . Law enforcement won’t help at all, they are part of the problem!

    • @lowlowzandtacos661
      @lowlowzandtacos661 Год назад

      Well. I made the biggest mistake of my life. Title loan from Wilshire consumer credit
      Now I got 100s of jackasses following me. Drones. Tapping my phone. I called fbi,cia,homeland security, they wouldn't even help. Now I have to carry a gun. They speed by on the freeway.they cannot talk to me. Stop. No interaction unless authorized by the bigger jackass at hq. I feel your pain

  • @rhonmarababol435
    @rhonmarababol435 11 лет назад

    known this channel because of minute physics

  • @pugilemoltobene3708
    @pugilemoltobene3708 4 года назад +2

    I use a jammer all the time. Great alibi when I’m doing things. What? You can’t find me???

    • @la-lalarendalara7088
      @la-lalarendalara7088 2 года назад

      Do tell, inquiring minds wanna' know... Pretty, pretty, oh pretty, pretty, PLEASE 🌹

    • @pugilemoltobene3708
      @pugilemoltobene3708 2 года назад

      @@la-lalarendalara7088 QUI?!?!

    • @lildeeygful
      @lildeeygful 5 месяцев назад

      where u get from brother

  • @AirskiiMusic
    @AirskiiMusic 10 лет назад

    Just lower the wave bubble output level...

  • @MrTruthteller123
    @MrTruthteller123 6 лет назад +2

    I want dots NOW, not in the future, because I won't be here and they will be of no use to me.

    • @billyandriam
      @billyandriam 3 года назад

      Go check originGPS. They have them.

  • @SECONDQUEST
    @SECONDQUEST 7 лет назад +2

    sweet bubble, just track the moving dead zone ha ha

  • @carlbranner6444
    @carlbranner6444 Год назад

    Information purpose

  • @badumtus5932
    @badumtus5932 6 лет назад +1

    no gps dot till date😂

    • @_Viking
      @_Viking Год назад

      Yes, they exist. But not directly GPS. They use a combination of GPS, BT, WiFi and 4/5G. Apple Airtag, Tile and Samsung Smart tag are just some examples.

  • @clarenceho625
    @clarenceho625 10 лет назад +5

    gps for your keys anyone?

  • @Collector917
    @Collector917 10 лет назад

    I can already tell you how augmented reality community based data or drawings by coordinates will go and it basically boils down to this: penises... penises everywhere, and i'm completely serious, that much has already played out. Filtering the data so it's actually usable might be a greater challenge then actually creating it.

  • @kd1s
    @kd1s 10 лет назад +1

    Oh why go to such an extent. Just switch cars for a week or so with a friend.

  • @delusionsofgrandeur1330
    @delusionsofgrandeur1330 2 года назад

    drink a glass of water dude 🥛you’re killing me

  • @robertmaybeth3434
    @robertmaybeth3434 6 лет назад +2

    I won't buy a car with GPS tracking. The manufacturer's reason for even putting it in the car is ludicrous. If they spent the effort designing cars that didn't breakdown or CEL light every 10,000 miles perhaps that might serve us better. But if i have to buy one with GPS i will make them disable it first or no deal. And I want a transmitter detector to make sure they actually did it. What do i have to hide, nothing. But i just hate the whole idea of this big brother-type tracking stuff.

    • @mattmcdade567
      @mattmcdade567 6 лет назад

      Robert Maybeth they are going to require all vehicles in the US to be able to communicate with each other which will also have gps as well in like 2020 something.. (I think they’re going to be trying to use it in order to give speeding tickets that way too..) I’m with you on the not having a vehicle they are able to track the gps which is why I won’t buy a new vehicle because they pretty much all have the capability now and I don’t like they are going to start requiring it either..

    • @la-lalarendalara7088
      @la-lalarendalara7088 2 года назад

      @@mattmcdade567 ... Wait-What?! Requiring?!
      Oh heck to the no'ooo!!🤬

  • @johnjamesthomson1
    @johnjamesthomson1 8 лет назад

    There's a hole in the basket and the eggs are gonna fall...

  • @shaider1982
    @shaider1982 7 лет назад

    I wonder if mass retraining of pilots and mariners on sextants must be done.

    • @Teekles
      @Teekles 6 лет назад

      Sextants lol....We can just use geographical landmarks like we've been doing for decades. If you want more accuracy, use Inertial Navigation.

    • @shaider1982
      @shaider1982 6 лет назад

      A Google User over the water?

    • @peteg6419
      @peteg6419 6 лет назад

      Better and easier to use. Get a inertial navigation system. Used to be hundreds of thousands of dollars. Now just hundreds of dollar. Almost accurate as GPS and do not rely on any outside input. Like gps signals. They are just a three axis gyroscope with a computer and display. Before GPS used them in high dollar corporate jets and was trained on them they were big, bulky, lots of moving parts and ungodly expensive. Now they put them on model planes. I even have a small a three axis sensor mounted in my house that detects earth quakes at hundreds of miles from the movement of the ground. Sees at least half a dozen small quakes every day. I knew the Mexico city quake had happened hours before the news media put it out. These sensors are extremely sensitive today.

  • @utuber1309
    @utuber1309 10 лет назад

    @TheWarriorfocus3
    "this gets me worried. what if those jamming devices fall into the wrong hands? "
    Only the wrong hands would consider other's hands wrong.

    • @willhadley8540
      @willhadley8540 7 лет назад

      Utuber they already have. Just ask lying HITLERY.

  • @phi9249
    @phi9249 8 лет назад

    Nah... not so much. Good technical data though

  • @zer0art
    @zer0art 11 лет назад

    TomTom or Smartphone. Fantastic... Use the word GPS-navigator FFS!

  • @johnthinkpad
    @johnthinkpad 8 лет назад +4

    GPS does work indoors. Can't understand why he said otherwise...

    • @jakeglenny3249
      @jakeglenny3249 8 лет назад +2

      "These arguments were valid a few years ago"

    • @AA-xk1uv
      @AA-xk1uv 7 лет назад +2

      Nah, it doesn't work indoors

    • @johnthinkpad
      @johnthinkpad 7 лет назад

      On the Top It does.

    • @AA-xk1uv
      @AA-xk1uv 7 лет назад +1

      johnthinkpad
      Nah, it doesn't work for me...Where i live, it is surrounded by the tall building on every side and Its a very crowded area.

    • @SECONDQUEST
      @SECONDQUEST 7 лет назад +1

      johnthinkpad Look up GPS guidelines for someone reporting an emergency. it works indoors but to a large, multiple mile radius, thus making it useless to get her location information in an apartment, condo, or downtown.

  • @coriscotupi
    @coriscotupi 8 лет назад +1

    09:41 - "LORAN, the only backup to GPS..." ==> Not true! NDB stations are still used, either as priamary or backup for GPS, by Ships and even airplanes. And VOR stations are widely used in aviation also for primary navigation as well as for GPS backup.

    • @BicyclesMayUseFullLane
      @BicyclesMayUseFullLane 8 лет назад

      AFAIK VOR is not used by mariners. Also, NDB does not give distance information, the ADF can only give the bearing toward the NDB. LORAN gives a fix.
      Incidentarly, VOR and NDB are being taken offline just like LORAN, because reasons.

    • @coriscotupi
      @coriscotupi 8 лет назад

      ***** True, VOR is not used by ships, only NDB, which was what I meant. As for NDB not providing distance information - not directly, but please look up "NDB distance-to-station", a basic NDB technique that will provide said distance. Also, a bearing from two or more NDB stations will provide a fix therefore distance to any station, provided you know where the stations are. VOR and NDB are still heavily used for departures, approaches as well as en-route position checks. It will still be some time before they are phased out.

    • @BicyclesMayUseFullLane
      @BicyclesMayUseFullLane 8 лет назад

      I know that VOR and NDB are still used in en-route navigation (maybe not NDB) and approches. Incidentally, there are basically no victor and jet airways in southern Ontario (check Skyvector, only tango and quebec, i.e. RNAV airways) left, precisely because they want to ultimately get rid of those nav-beacons (Curiously, there is an amber airway for no apparent reason).
      Also, NDB doesn't go very far. The standard service volume is somewhere between 15 miles and 75 miles (compare to VOR's 25 miles to 130 miles. But those requires altitude of at least 1000 feet AGL, so the comparison is rather moot). Whereas LORAN can go for at least 300 miles (all figures nautical, fuck statute miles). And from what I see on aeronautical chart, coastal NDBs are few and far in between. Now there might be more listed on an actual nautical chart, but I suspect that wouldn't be the case (why would there be, considering that LORAN back in the day can do it better).

    • @coriscotupi
      @coriscotupi 8 лет назад

      ***** I'm not trying to sell NDB and VOR as better navaids. I just stand behind my original assertion that LORAN is *not* the *only* backup to GPS. Not all parts of the world are equally served by navaid type. Here in Brazil there are plenty of NDB and VOR stations and they are still heavily used - hence my comment that LORAN is *not* the *only* backup for GPS. I should have pointed that out in my original response to this thread. Depending on where you are, YMMV of course and indeed NDB and VOR may be phasing out.

    • @BicyclesMayUseFullLane
      @BicyclesMayUseFullLane 8 лет назад

      For marine application, VOR is not happening, and NDB is piss poor as backup (cf. previous post about range and coverage).
      For aviation, VOR isn't cheap (and coverage is also pretty piss poor unless you are flying at 14500 feet AGL and above). NDB... is best to be avoided (seriously, ADF is just a glorified AM radio. Whatever bad happens when you are listening to AM radio, the same thing happens when you are using it for guidance).
      Hence it's not wrong to claim that LORAN was the only (viable) GPS backup.

  • @redacted6813
    @redacted6813 11 лет назад

    Yes, you are first... *hits you*

  • @mberg1974
    @mberg1974 10 лет назад

    The russians had built a similar GPS system in the late 90s, which was quite precise, and they where positive to let the whole world in on it. Of course it was unacceptable for the US to let the entire world use a russian gps system, so in early 2000 the US decided to flip the switch and made GPS more exact for everyone.

    • @laseism
      @laseism 10 лет назад +5

      GLONASS is still available and free to use. It's accuracy is nearly as good as GPS.

    • @nydydn
      @nydydn 10 лет назад

      laseism
      Glonass' accuracy is better for the same number and similar geometry of satellites. Because there are fewer glonass satellites, usually you have 8-9 GPS and only about 5 glonass, if you'd rely only on glonass the precision would be worse,

    • @heywhtasupbro
      @heywhtasupbro 8 лет назад

      +mberg1974 they still have it just not as many satellites in constallation

  • @maryprior9386
    @maryprior9386 10 месяцев назад

    IN YOUR PROFESSIONAL OPINION WILL ? THIS GPS SPOOFER WORK. I AM 77 YEARS YOUNG AND EVERYTHING!!!! I DO CAN BE HEARD!!!! EVERYTHING!. SINCERE THANKS. I AM PHYSICALLY SAFE.

  • @hugogutierrez9250
    @hugogutierrez9250 5 лет назад +1

    So is this guy pro privacy or pro big brother?

  • @derman077
    @derman077 10 лет назад +3

    Oh whatever. You just know that every damn coin you own is already one of these things.

  • @morgaineclegg1695
    @morgaineclegg1695 4 года назад

    All you need is someone's telephone number, and an app on your cellphone follows the person street, location and movement. I was being followed, and learned where it began when a man I knew well said, "let's see if Harold is here?" and on his phone he pointed out his vehicle was in the same area, headed our way.

    • @ericb9142
      @ericb9142 3 года назад

      Ok, so what app you referring too?

  • @flacoaril256
    @flacoaril256 5 лет назад

    It is possible to do that I am not a high school dropout I did a device that will cover my checking and everything I used to be able to program computers and like two years ago I had a accident at work I got attacked by a ball and I I lost everything I had house computers everything I had in the house I had off my device I have to be out there and I now after the accident I can’t even programmer computer right I can’t even use a computer that well I handled yes it is possible to do that because I’ve done it before and I am a high school dropout don’t know how to read Bagwell don’t know how to write that well I went to the 10th grade and yes he could do it and I wish I was able to do all this stuff again I have hopes that I could do it again once I recover from the accident I had It’s almost 2 years since he happened

  • @luddity
    @luddity 6 лет назад

    Carol should just arrange to swap cars with someone for awhile.

    • @ccee8327
      @ccee8327 6 лет назад

      It's a bit more complicated than "just" swapping cars.

  • @captainnemo2150
    @captainnemo2150 4 года назад

    Keep moving until batteries die.

  • @terencedodson9131
    @terencedodson9131 6 лет назад

    Pokemon go gps spoofing happens every day now...

  • @CaptainRon1913
    @CaptainRon1913 3 года назад +4

    Just like the book 1984. This guy knew what was coming. It's 2021, and everything this guy was saying in 2013 is true today, and then some. We are being geo tracked by Apple, Google, GM, Ford, Chrysler, Amazon, and the 3 letter agency's. Problem is, GPS jammers don't work anymore. You are being geo located by wifi and cell tower data paired with device finger printing which is paired with your real identification. Companies and Agency's can cross check your ID with the people you communicate with. They know your friends, your family, your doctor's, lawyers, grocery stores, what you buy, what you're hesitant on buying, etc...
    They say Amazon Alexa and Google nest devices aren't listening. How can you be sure? Just take their word for it? Apple has hipster TV ads all over the place stating your privacy matters, blah blah. Yet, EVERYTHING you do with an iPhone goes through Apple servers. Case in point: try finding a P2P message app like Briar, that doesn't ping Apple servers. You won't find it in the Apple app store. In fact, you won't find any apps in the apple store that don't communicate with apple, and if its not in the app store, you can't install it. Google is just as bad, if not worse. But at least they aren't lying about privacy, and Android is open source, so you can de-google a smartphone with an Android OS like LinageOS, and several others.
    It's a 1984 world today, and society as a whole, needs to check out of it now before it's too late. Social credit scores are already a reality in places like communist China, and coming soon to the rest of us. If you think about it, this whole vaccine thing to a virus that is 99% recoverable, is a starting point. Will you be able to travel freely without it in the near future? Will you be able to buy a concert ticket, or sporting event without it?

  • @evanyang1969
    @evanyang1969 2 года назад

    Airtag: hi

  • @samelq
    @samelq Год назад

    Hello Apple Airtag 😎👊🏻

  • @NewFrontier90
    @NewFrontier90 2 года назад

    Mh-370

  • @reold
    @reold 3 года назад

    129 comments bruh

  • @zvisger
    @zvisger 4 года назад

    All i heard was "schml slllm msmllmmak"

  • @adampinuelas6139
    @adampinuelas6139 3 года назад

    2

  • @AnthonyCelata
    @AnthonyCelata 2 года назад

    so this never really happened....

  • @SuperAtheist
    @SuperAtheist 11 лет назад

    is that you mom?

  • @lucyli12
    @lucyli12 11 лет назад

    he has a evil look in his eyes....

  • @billyrammal
    @billyrammal 11 лет назад

    First?

  • @keithleeuwen877
    @keithleeuwen877 3 года назад

    Manager Harrassing Tool, IT SUXX !

  • @nydydn
    @nydydn 10 лет назад

    The carrier phase he's talking about is bullshit, the only way to get cm or even mm accuracy is to be connected to a network of receivers. There are such networks and in some parts of the world are free, but you share your location with the network. Who'd like to share his location with the government or agency or private network everytime he uses his gps in the phone? Also you should use a different type of antenna which, nowadays, you can't embed in a phone.

    • @widg3tswidgets416
      @widg3tswidgets416 8 лет назад

      Not true. You might not know it...but your devices don't just broadcast or receive from one network node at a time. They're constantly transmitting and receiving and scanning. Its how cell towers and cell phones work...and it's how the internet works.

  • @99desi9n
    @99desi9n 2 года назад

    Why does everyone on Ted talk like evangelists? Maybe they should dova Ted talk on that?

  • @MrStevetmq
    @MrStevetmq 8 лет назад +4

    Todd Humphreys How sad have we become. At about 9:30 in the video you talk about a ship in the fog and a wave-bubble type device and the captain no longer able to use GPS. Well my question to you is: Are we so useless as a species that 1000's or years of navigation skills are lost in the years that we have had GPS? If Yes then the reliance on GPS is a bad thing and we should turn it off. If your answer is No, then your point made in the video is inaccurate.

    • @BicyclesMayUseFullLane
      @BicyclesMayUseFullLane 8 лет назад

      Right, if you can't see anything in IMC, how do you use those '1000 years of navigation skills'? So guess it's back to radionavigations. Oh wait, GPS is jammed because 'bubbles' and others are taken offline because money.
      Oops.

    • @MrStevetmq
      @MrStevetmq 8 лет назад

      What is IMC? (may be I'm dum)

    • @BicyclesMayUseFullLane
      @BicyclesMayUseFullLane 8 лет назад

      Instrument Meteorological Conditions. Basically it means you can't see outside of the cockpit.

    • @MrStevetmq
      @MrStevetmq 8 лет назад

      Thanks.

    • @wynwilliams6977
      @wynwilliams6977 7 лет назад

      yes

  • @abcdef2069
    @abcdef2069 7 лет назад +1

    dont spend more money on this kind of things, GPS is not even technology, to me solar GPS is the best and we used them since 1000's years ago., i can tell you where i am anywhere on the earth just looking at where the sun is and with two sun's angles, and maybe with a magnetic compass during the day.
    spend more moeny on energy transfer like neutrino communication, we can communicate with things from the star system Vega, or Antares hmm maybe too far, or Betelgeuse, alpha centauri, sirius ... etc...