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Why Was Matriliny Abolished in Kerala?
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- Опубликовано: 8 мар 2021
- How was the abolition of matriliny in Kerala linked to controlling women's sexuality? Dr. G. Arunima, researcher, explains.
Listen to the full interview with Dr. G. Arunima here:
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Credits:
Featuring: Dr. G. Arunima
Edited by: Anahita Sachdev
Produced by: Shrishti Malhotra
Creative Supervisor: Karla Bookman
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In her interview, Dr. G. Arunima also mentioned that because of all the property disputes that came up when people were rejecting matriliny, Malabar was the most litigious part of the country, meaning it had the maximum number of court cases being filed. Must have been so interesting to go through centuries' old court documents to find this out!
@sudarshana chakra 3.0 dude Malabar was a peaceful place overall, Tipu wasn't a constant treat to begin with.this is the least accurate explanation here.if war was the reason then all border regions would have matriliny
@sudarshana chakra 3.0 makes sense. Swaddle should research more on the situation of society that time.
@sudarshana chakra 3.0 @meghna didn't say threat, read CONSTANT threat. There's a difference. For a society to have become a matrilineal one, it doesn't take the lifetime of just one ruler (in this case, by your argument, Tipu), it takes centuries.
@@niharikasharma678 The reason is not because of the male warriors going to war, etc those are non sense reasons written by the so called upper caste Historians or Foreigners influenced by them. The real reason ia because of a practice of Nair caste called Sambandam.Among the Kerala Brahmins, the eldest son was only allowed to marry a brahmin women and make an inheritor to the family's property. The remaining younger sons had sambandam relationships with the Nair women,the elder sons also had sambandham relationships with Nair women along with their brahmin wives.The Brahmins considered this as concubinage because of their paternal lineage and the Nairs however considered this as legitimate marriages because their lineage passed in a maternal line.
@@meghajain1712 Raids of Hyder and then especially Tipu really damaged the society in Malabar .There was periodic riots happened in there from 1790s to 1900s and its culmination was Malabar riot in 1921.But majority of these was concentrated in Eranad region .Other Malabar area was peaceful
As a student from Kerala, I don't think that we are taught enough about the matriliny in Kerala. It only comes once or twice in our textbooks. We need to talk about this more❤️
Edit: I actually came up with the term matrilny through a Malayalam movie named 'Ozhimuri'. Not through my textbooks.
Yes bro✋️
This is so very true. Try to bring out this conversation whenever you are sitting in a group. Not always to convince them but sometimes to get to know their viewpoints about it
Not only in Kerala but also all over India
We aren't taught the true History at school
We are actually not taught much about our past, Jews were part of Kerala for over a 1000 years and only completely left Kerala hardly 50-60 years ago. I have not seen their part being said in any textbook.
I'm from Kerala and my surname is of my Mother's not my father's. Most people I meet outside Kerala have their fathers surname.
One of our friends got married to a woman from Kerala, and the people here were shocked when they didn't waste money on excessive show off and actually followed covid guidelines, unlike our place, where one aunty got upset because people didn't attend her family function as she had invited more people than were allowed😂😂
I am from Kerala too. My sister has my mothers surname. I don't have a family surname😂. When I enrolled for school my mom insisted that they add my father's surname to my name in the school documents.
@@fidhaz1925 Right now we are in Kochi but our family is originally from Thrissur or Pallakad. I am not sure😂
@@Nameless-qp7ph 🤣
I mother almost kill me everytime for not adding my fathers name with me 🙄and I avoid it everytime I have chance😁
Okay, so if matriliny can be abolished by LAW, why are we not abolishing Patriliny by LAW?
Life is all about rat race. People who can achieve something are the ones who gets allowed to leave their signature behind. It's quite simple.
exactly
Reality.
I think you are confused with matrilineal and matriarchal. Basically matrilineal means one's assets will be inherited by his sister's children. Patrilineal means one's assets will be inherited by their own children. I think the latter is just.
It was practised a long time why aren't we talking about that history will repeat itself let men enjoy some time women's enjoyed a loy
...and here we still are, with our matrilinial systems in Meghalaya still vibrant and flourishing..... ^_^
There's a lot to be learnt from India's north-east right from their egalitarian culture, gender-equal society (which is better than the rest of India) and their excellence in sports and arts. I like the concept of Tlawmngaihna in Mizoram, where societal good is placed above self. I am from the South and have met a lot of nice and courteous people from the north-east.
It's matrilineal just in name
Proud of you all
@@ifigetbannedagainyoutubeis2018 no its not.
The little I know is that the brother takes care of the house hold and leaves with his sister's family... The youngest sister have the authority over property and home (in khasi tribe probably)
society would actually make more sense if matriliny was followed. women are the ones who can bear children, doesn't it make sense for them to be the heads of households and carry on the family?
Hmm 🤔 maybe idk 🤷 i think neither is Patriaeal system good nor is matrilineal somewhere middle ground would be best 💯.
Maybe wrong sorry just my pov.
@@sudeepbhurat I agree
@@sudeepbhurat I think best way what goes with Portuguese people as children can either get their mothers surname or fathers surname or both . In the end lineage is more who carries the family name. As girls last name changes or if she keeps it , it won’t b passed to d children so there comes the obsession with male child.
@@sudeepbhurat Don't give unbiased opinions... You r gonna be cancelled by pseudo feminists
@@sudeepbhurat I think u wanted to say Matrilineal and Patrilineal* cause patriarchy and Patrilineal are two diff concepts.
This is the first time I'm hearing of matriliny in India (except northeast)... While learning the south Indian history it was not mentioned even once. Thanks for the info.
Our pfps go well together👩❤️💋👩
Yes you are right. I think currently, Meghalaya is the only state.
My dear friend, South India is entirely entirely different from other parts of India.
Malabar Coast is a very unique place. Very cosmopolitan and very traditional at the same time.
My own mother surname has her mother's surname..
I never understood this thing about the Britishers... I mean they themselves were under the umbrella of the queen. But still they went everywhere blabbering about the superiority of the male in the family. I kind of get a vibe of hypocrisy in this....
Monarchy rules ended at the times of 1600s. It's was union and parliamentary rules, all of the members were men.
@@anindianhomosapien7189 then how magnacarta of 1858 happened? They ruled on the behalf of queen victoria. They made all indian possessions in her name and ruled.
@@meluha3963
Queen was kind of like the president here, mainly to sign bills not for major decision making.
1858 act was parliamentary decision.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_India_Act_1858
They wanted change ? Like do u support patriarchy
Britishers are very suspicious person ,they believe in many myths. And rule of their queen is just in word- due to myth and their contemporary situation.. otherwise they are male oriented.
it's so hard to believe that matrilineal society actually existed and still exists in Meghalaya and even then women always had to be unsure over their husbands because he always tends to be with the women who would be more financially well off whether it's his mom, sister or wife rather than working together for his family
They had the opportunity of retaining their culture because of the reduced influence of the remaining part of India.
I am from Kerala and we still follow this. My sister has my mothers surname. And my mom is the present head of the house after her my sister will be.
@@Nameless-qp7ph I'm curious , in ur tradition, dosen't the daughter move in to husband's house after marriage?
@@shreyabhat944 no. My aunts still stay with their parents they only visit their husband's house on 2nd Saturdays. I stay in UAE with my family but when we go back to India we spend most of the time with my moms family.
@@Nameless-qp7ph Woah
Can you share any article which truly depicts your state culture?
In English please?😄
I am from Kerala and I'm my father's place (Kannur) most houses are still matriliny. For example my father's brother lived in his wife's house ( recently they started nuclear family).
I am from trivandrum, people in my place only follows here matrilineal system.
Still i know many from Trivandrum side, who follows the same.
Eww weird 🤮
Same in Palakkad too (mostly)
Oh ok. Thats y u guys are being called as *Achi veetile konthanmaar?*
Actually matriliny wasn’t that cute
Women weren’t actually choosing their husbands it was the uncles who chose for them
And after sometime if the said partner become financially weak uncles will ask her to leave him.
The whole thing was patriarchal the only difference was that instead of father you have uncle.
And Many a times the bond between the woman and uncle will be lesser than you and your husband and in a nutshell you will be controlled by someone you re not really attached with..
yeah the thing is actually patriarchal.. many in the confusing matrilineal with matriarchy
Actually practically speaking the property was passed from uncles to nephews
The elder male was considered the head known as karanavar and the entire assets of the family were controlled by him as if he was the sole owner.
Women never had the freedom to use the wealth they are said to own
The thing is you don't have a father to rule but an uncle
Not husband but brothers
Yes. Reading matrilineal kinship as matriarchy is a common mistake. Nayars, varriers and other upper caste hindus were just matrilineal but not matriarchal. They were infact patriarchal communities to the core. Nayar women didnt have the right to choose their sexual partner."sambandam"- the socially accepted sexual relation of a namboodiri with nayar/varrier women were fixed by the karanavars- the uncles. Nayar women didnt have any say on these. The inherited properties were also controlled by the uncles though it was inherited in a matrilineal fashion.
That's not the truth ,In most Nair families the bond between uncles and nephews are strong even today
@@ashwinkumars1610 yeah between uncles and nephews...
What about nieces well they are controlled right? Either by husband or by uncles
Well in matriliny, they were controlled by uncles...
I am a Malayali and until my grandmother's generation, men moved out with women after their marriage to live at a place from where they both could earn well. Or women and men stayed in their respective homes and stayed at each others' houses only whenever needed. Some of our family members, including my patrilineal grandma, got married at ages that were termed to be "late" for marriage for women at that time. My grandmothers from both mothers and father's side began studying and working by their own decisions and not because they were "allowed" to work by their family. Women were given equal importance in making family decisions, which is one of the few good things that my family still practices. It's sad that a lot of it changed for the bad. Right now, I pursue my higher studies at Meghalaya, where matriliny is still practised. I hope that it doesn't die like this.
This is a kind of structure we need to practice worldwide, it is so relaxing to read what you have written. If at all all of us could follow this, half of the dowry problem, joint family disputes will vanish
@@anitha0763 I too agree
this is true-- because my grandma and my great grandma were working women. They had power and assets. They had actual BANK. They had their husbands support and also their husbands earned well too amking them more than financially stable at the time. Everyone in our family is educated beyond class 12 even the elderly
Our state, Meghalaya too is now in danger
😂 joint family structure is the best. Men women living separately after marriage is the reason for divorces. If people cant get comfortable within a family ...what kind of country or what kind of world are we talking about even.... ! WOMEN ARE HYPOCRITES FOR THEY KNOW THEY ARE CLEARLY WRONG AND THE KIND OF COGNITIVE DISSONANCE SHOWN BY THEM SOMETIMES IS FRIVOLOUS 🤣
This is just beyond our mindset nowadays
"So the head of the family should be a woman"-- our ancestors
"Head of the family should be a man"-- British
Now who is following the HAMARE CULTURES,HAMARI SABHYATA?? kaahan gayee saare??
Abhi aayenge thodi der mein or ek aisa reason denge jise pad kar hume lagega ki ye humne kya pad liya or us reason ka koi sense ni banega telling u.
@@bhavyjyotisharma3642Haan, jab women Ko suppress karna ho toh sabhyata yaad aajati hai, aur jab pata chale ki sabhyata women Ko suppress nahi karti toh topic badalkar aise bakwaas reasons dete hai, ki lagta hai, kuchhh bhhhiii?? U can't express how stupid u feel for wasting ur time reading their illogical comments
Soooo trueee both of you
Old cultures had some great things. Its silly to argue on one is better than the other. The British had their rational and the older culture in this place had its own rational. We should do things based on what is right for that period of society and not just follow stuff because it was set by the British or the Indian systems.
@@1directionforever430 exactly💯 tab vo baat karenge aj ke zamaane ki aj ye sab ni hota h aj mein jeena seekho or vo log uncivilised like maine aise aise reasons padhe h na ki padh ke lagta h ki ye kabhi school bhi gye h ki ni🤦🏻♀️
Inthink in Kannur district, kerala,near malappuram district, still there are places where muslim husband lives in wifes house.... and people from other places teases them for the same....
My father doesn't even stay in my mothers house for even one day
... Because of that tease🙄'penkonthan'.
@@angel_merin Lol Same here
@@cece898You said it. I've heard my father too say similar things on multiple occasions and I always wondered what's so shameful in staying at mom's house. All arising out of ego and insecurities.
@@cece898 actually speaking when you account for the entire population of the world, women dominate men when it comes to collecting dowry... It's called bride price.. And it is not considered as illegal anywhere.
Thats true. I am from kannur. Muslims in kannur practice like that. Actually husband lives in wife's house after marraige. Many of my friends (Muslim girls) say that they are lucky due to this practice 😊. Just go to husband s house on festivals and functions.
This is so so educational !!
"In 1976, the Kerala Legislature actually abolishes matriliny. This is the only place in the world, where a kinship practice is actually abolished by law." Incredible India indeed!
The video somewhere gives out a message that Kerala did something bad back in 1975 by introducing Kerala Joint Hindu Family System (Abolition) Act. This was solely to abolish the practice of Marumakkathayam.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marumakkathayam
*( It all burns down to the question of division of family property )*
Not negating the fact that it was the Britishers that introduced family head as a male member aka Karanavar as rightly said in the video.
IDT it's abolished or anything cause my father's family is still matriliny.
@@user-iy2ud1ki4l but it's illegal basically. You can go to court.
@@Ana-tt8rv why to go to court... If whole India is practicing patrinily then why can't atleast can have matrinily?
Why aren't patrinily abolished?
@@krishnamehta4504 Matrinial society is practiced in Meghalaya state of India
This is such a unique and educational channel that I love almost everything about them❤️
This is a fem-supremist propaganda trying to to match history with modern agenda. Please read more about Sambandam system.
I'm commenting this in all swaddle videos of late, but basically what you are saying is everything can be traced back to the British? They ruined everything
Ikr! Actually I also have the same point.
U see the nayar women were so pretty. They were fucked by higher caste men. They didn't even know who was the father anymore. So started giving mother's name as surnames. Eventually the education happens...u see the picture- 'waiting for Papa' and indulekha shows how women if educated will be equal to man.
It is mostly Nair/menon thing due to sambandam (sexual relationship with the eldest Namboodari, who is not allowed to marry), In Ezhava, Muslim and Christian families it exist because of the eldest person (usually grand mother) in the family is a woman...There are differences in that too, but this feminist lady in this video is oversimplifying to fit her narrative.
Well people need someone to blame for all their problems on and these people blame it on people who left about a century ago.
@@richardv9648 oversimplifying and sugarcoating. The Brits here are actually a Hero, not a villain.
This is sooo good 👍 You people are doing a great job by bringing these short educational stories to the mass 👏
As someone from Malabar, I am totally stunned by the fact that I didn't know about such important parts of my own lineage until today!
Ozhimuri 2012 was a movie about this.
@@zabinitro oh..will watch it👍
Well I must say that we need to review our own history where we were more advanced in terms of female empowerment and were tied down to western patriarchy.
@@Ankushverma300 yes
Even many women had multiple husbands..If they have any issue they just kick him out coze the property belongs to her and the husband is a incomer
In case of venadu (thiruvithamkoor) kingdom the queen was the sister of King ...The next king is suppose to be the son/daughter of the Queen not the son of the king .
Sari came to kerala in late 19th century only ,mundu and neriyathu was the official type if dress women worn ...Most usually women and men didn't cover their upper half .(this system was followed in bhali island in indonesia until 1970s the only and only remaining hindu island in indonesia )
I'm sooo happy that you guys covered this !! As a malayali I was always confused by the way we hierarchies worked in my family until I learned about matrilinity
Now I understand why the female literacy rate is highest in Kerala(>90%) compared to rest of India (~65%) which reflects upon the infant and maternal mortality rate. The infant mortality rate is only 7/1000 live births in Kerala while it's 34/1000 live births in India on an average. I think the roots lie deep in this old system of matriliny, Kerala had. I guess re-enforcing the matrilineal concept will rather do good than harm in the healthcare standard and situation of Kerala and India in general.
The problem was that both matrilineage and patriarchy co-existed in Kerala. This caused an unsavory situation where the uncle- the karanavar, the oldest sister's son, became the head of family and in total control of inheritance. It was actually the money trail and fights for inheritance and financial stability of the successive generations that caused the legislated dismantling of matrilineage. My grandfather went and got a degree in civil law when he was in his forties, inorder to fight legal battles for getting the rightful inheritance for himself and his siblings, from their tyrannical 'karanavar' who was keeping everything to himself. There are curious stories in the family about how they had to tie that 'karanavar' to a coconut tree, to get a hold of him when he had to finally sign the papers
So the british were right ? LOL they did a lot good for India too apart from the extraction torture and slavery
What's the system of family currently in Kerala? I would like to know
@@ricardokang448 in case of Kerala, yes.
They did lot of good things
@@camo4635 It's normal like the rest of India/the World.
Why are men in India so insecure if they see women being the head of the house?!
For the same reason women do not like men being the head of the household 😊
@@jonron3805 You see any future if it continues this way?
Some men do. But not everyone. Some men are just better leaders of the household and sometimes women are better at it. In our family it is the firstborn of the generation.
@@sohamsen3763 Continues what way? Generalising that ALL men are one way or ALL women think only one way?
@@Nameless-qp7ph Yeh I agree, there are families where women are the dominating partner and vice versa. The problem is when one gender tries to play the victim without understanding that every person has a mind of their own and behave in different ways.
In Kerala, atleast most of the places in kannur district..matriarchy still exists..we are known by house names of our mother..and not surname of father.. I had to adopt my father's surname and ditch my housename when we shifted to Mumbai and was taking admission in school.
That's what colonial guilt
This is weird for my mother side of the family the eldest in every generation is a woman. My grandmother was the eldest, my mother is the eldest and now my sister is the eldest of our generation. So naturally, our family is led by women. And all these women have similar mannerisms. the way they talk, the way they behave, they are so identical. I am from Kerala and I am a Nair. so naturally I take up my mother name but I don't have any family related surname. But at my school, my mom enrolled me with my father's name.
Isn't it because you family has been following the trend of marrying younger women with older men? If not then okay.
Oh wait that's not a trend.
@@zeba.subliminals what are you trying to say?😂
@@Nameless-qp7ph I mean idk why I used that word trend since it's not a thing that just suddenly appeared. It has been there for century. Even my family has the same condition.🤡 Women surviving till later because they married older men.
@@zeba.subliminals There is nothing like that in our family. It is just a coincidence. The eldest of the generation is the one who leads it. So in our family, the eldest has been a woman for 3 consecutive generations
My experience in year 2021 : My father had denied me share in our family property and passed away. I checked land tax remittance bills and found that property owner is my mother. So I forcibly occupied my share of property and declared that my father has no voice in this matter. I was never challenged......Summary : lineage is just a matter of inheritance. It is NOT about who dominates the family.
Men usually always place property in their wife's name for tax write-offs. You're just a bad child
Soo proud of you !!!!!
@@Aditi-mb3qm for begging
@@yeelanma9165 taking what deserves is not begging
Wow!!! I am from Meghalaya (North East 🇮🇳) ..
We have the same Matrilinial society even today! I never knew that we share the very same culture with Kerela!! Yes indeed the Uncle (girl's brother) is the head. The Britishers came, but they couldn't change our culture... I am sooo surprised about the similar culture!!!!
That's they have testosterone problems and low sperm count in mehgyalsn men
Kerala also has the largest Christian community in India and ironically Kerala christians are the only ones in Kerala who don't practice matriliny
Do you have a longer version of this?? I want to listen more.
I'm from kerala💟
But my grandmother still takes decision in the family'beacuse my grand father died'✋️.
And she is (karanavaththi)of our home. And our ammayis (auntijis😁)
Come complain if we(grandchildren ) do something bad.I was almost dead when my ammama ( grand mother) stop scolding me for putting a sleeveless top 🙄that my ammayi told her about😬
Interesting. How about her daughters, do they get to follow the same?
@sudarshana chakra 3.0
Politics is much different from railway lines.
@sudarshana chakra 3.0
😀
Let’s see if they r willing to consider a ‘track change ‘
this time..
Same thing tho but Im from Bangladesh, My grandfather died when my dad was 10 so my dad grew up in his mama's house, but yeah decisions to dadi hi leti hai
@@normalguy11.11
Hi, Do they still follow the same, just curious.
I see lot of feminists' taking pride in this system, without knowing the history. This system came into practice because women of certain caste (Menon and Nair) would sleep around with the Namboodaris and the Namboodari would then dedicate a chunk of his wealth towards her family which includes her own legally married husband. Since she is the mistress of the Namboodari she has a higher status and survival of the males within her family depends on her relationship with the Namboodari.
Stop spreading these mind of nonsensw.
It was. Nambuthiris not namboodaris.. Also nair women never had any right over nambutjiris wealth and they never gave any.. Also they were not mistresses it was just a relationship .. Both of them. Had the freedom to end it.. Also nambuthiris always chose to marry already wealthy nair ladys... And the son or daughter thus born lived in hisor hers mother house called tharavadus. If u don't know the fact stop saying it. . Above all it was a custom called sambandhon which happened in btw ambalavasi, Royal families, nairs and all with nambuthiris and it was a common thing.. Not only nairs were done it but every other upper castes of that day...
@@harikrishnan9498 just to add, these kind of relationships existed amongst the top 1% in all feudal societies all over india and abroad too. Only in India are people name called in this manner. For eg, The Madaarchood congress runs the economy to the ground and dismal economic growth pre 1991 is called hindu rate of growth as if the lack of growth is because of hindus. The Madarchood congress doesnt bother to build infrastructure, enough electricity, water, railway, roads or schools for everybody. They allow India to remain a feudal , non industrialized sheet hole. They redirect anger to the so called upper castes as the cause of all problems.
@@harikrishnan9498 fact is fact
@@syhuhjk yes factvis fact.. Not coocked up stories... Yes there happend many evil customs and other issue back then but that was there in every single community existed in olden times.. But what happening now is shamining only a community and making all others the victims and innocents.. This sambandham system itself is got misinterpreted by many biased scholars and historians.. Its a long story to talk about.. As said fact is fact not made up stories😅
I am a woman with my parents and ancestors from kerala from Nayar family. As much as I do not like patriarchy, I am also not in support of matrilineal or matriarchy. It has it's own flip side to this kind of family set up. Matrilineal ensured that a married woman has rights over her parents family properties and benefits, than her husband.. which is good and rightful because irrespective of marriage or not she is still her parents daughter and when or if her husband or his family doesnt treat her with respect etc she has her own family to fall back into for support. This is essential even this day even if we all have work and regular income, we all still have problems and just because of marriage expecting the woman to cut her ties with her parents or siblings as seen in patriarchy is not right. However, the flip side to matrileinal or matriarchy society had this similar issue on the other side.. one was to men... another to women and kids again.... meaning... if its matrilineal.. my brother and I lead my parents home once we are adults, even if I am married and have my own family, my brother is also married... he works ... his earnings as per matrilieanl law was for me and my kids born from my husband.... my brothers wife and his kids had no rights over it, if they have it was post my allocation. So this led to lot of men sleeping with low caste women in those days and not supporting those women and kids... since they had no rights to their partners or spousal income. Also if my brother marries a woman with not so well off family his wife and kids suffered without benefits or support from husband in that era when woman never good education or travel oppurtunities.... this is never a good system as well because of this. For once I support british in influencing to change this. But still I am not supportive of patriarchy as well.. rather we all have right to education job earn our living, marry and live with your partner, have respect to both side families, share your support with your spouse and for your kids, helps siblings kids but not as rightful owner to your income. Whether boy or girl will take care of their parents and will continue having equal rights to their spouse and parents family. Which I feel is better than either matriarchy or matrilineal or patriarchal or patriarchy.
This . Your comment deserves to be read more . Really . Everything has a flip side to it . 🔥🔥
But isn't matriarchy as bad as patriarchy, because both of them are literally the same only the gender is changed
it isn't matriarchy.. the head is still a man (mother's brother) but the wealth is transferred through the mother's side that's it.
They are talking about matriliny.
@@ultimate6243 ah here comes they boy with every info he can get to victimise himself
@@parvathi1055 it sint patriarchy now women can also inherit property
@@cocokoochie9648 Yeah just like every other girl who cries patriarchy at all times for their own failures. I AGREE WITH YOU.ABOLISH THE VICTIM MINDSET
In South west India, Mangalore-Udupi, , we have Matriliny still followed with Patriarchy and patrilocality.
Still mother's brother thai maman or ammavan has veto power in many households in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Don't know about other Dravidian states. Very nice video. Thank you.
Here in telugu states, we purely take our father surname and same goes for Karnataka also.
@@suryateja1713 : same doesn't go for karnataka . Coastal karnataka follows matriarchal lineage.
Gud Knowlegable video. Without Hating men.
Knowledgeable comment without hating women.
@@Aditi-mb3qm low knowledge comment
I see people getting confused with matriarchal and thinking that this was very progressive. In fact it had nothing much to do with a lady being the head of the family, it was more to do with kinship associated with mother. During that times, women especially from the nair community courted multiple husbands at the same time through 'sambhandham' (en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambandam) and many of these husbands never returned (They either died in battles or decided not to). So it was difficult later on to trace one's lineage through his father and hence matrilineal system was followed instead.
Matrinial system is more correct and easy rather than stupid patriniel system which even animals don't follow . By this we can understand how wrong it is
@@Aditi-mb3qm Matrilineal system was not a choice but rather a by product of the severe caste hegemony in kerala. It was usually the namboothiris (brahmins of kerala) who did all these sambandams initially, forcing the a single nair lady to have multiple partners and hence being difficult track lineage through and child's father.
And dude, are you liking your own comment? Its like 1 min and you already have a like. May be wait a little bit more before you like your own comment if you dont want to look lame.
@@Aditi-mb3qm what do you mean by animals? Lol. Most animals are patriarchal, matriarchal animals are rare, only when the females are the physically superior ones.
Well this is the case in my father side.
I'm from Kerala and I always thought matriliny was an exclusively nayar thing 🤦
Me also moluse🤷♀️
My family had this system a couple of generations back and it is not a Nair family.
It is mostly a nair thing. Read about sambhandham
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambandam
@sudarshana chakra 3.0 😬 b j p
Same here!🙄
Despite of the fact that kerala has high HDI scores and better health/education infrastructure, the morality of an ordinary keralite still strech backs to the victorian morality norms. Kerala is a place where a large number of christian convent schools has been functioning since centuries. The priests and pastors who were working in these schools had a primary function of preaching religion which infact resulted in the flourishing of a sense of reverence towards the biblical morality . Educated upper caste youths (most of them who got graduated from madras) later recognised victorian morality norms(or infact biblical morality) as a robust means to reform their communties. The gradual transmission from a matrilocal kinship to a patrilocal kinship started here. (Its important to realise that the upper caste hindus were matrilocal but didnt follow a matriarchal society. Patriarchy had been the basic norm. )
Also I can understand why so many women are getting emotional over the role of being head of a family but honestly ask yourself, who made the decisions in your own family? I don't know about Kerala much but I have seen from friends it is always a woman who is the deciding factor in a wide variety of decisions. Even very old people I know give so much value to their wives that they ask them everything. But in defense of the guys who never knew their fathers, it is morally very reprehensible, a son without father always looks for his father till his death. There is a good anthropological research on how sons need their fathers. If women want to be head of households then fine, but not letting sons know who their father is, totally monstrous.
haha well said. i am surprised this comment did not get deleted.
Will daughters get to know who their father is?
Why history books don't teach this at school??????? Seriously you teach more history with truth then educational institutions.👍👍👍👌👌
@Sri Naveena - This practise is not supposed to be celebrated instead it should he felt ashamed of...!!
Read about THARAVADU ILLAM and what it was uses for ,
This system or practise produced *Children who didn't know who their father is*, technically he/she who is born in this system is a Bastard...!!
@@vikyviky7213 shame to people like you
There is another side to this story. The matrilineal system was sort of unfair to the fathers of the children. They weren't his children even in name. While matrilineal system gave women several advantages over patriarchy, it wasn't a perfect system and it had a lot of flaws. Especially after the karanavar gained more importance than the eldest female in the family.
And the concept of chastity that was introduced into the minds of liberal Malayali men who were educated in the patriarchal ways of colonial British and interactions with non Malayalis outside Kerala in 19th century, is the main reason for the existence of moral policing, issues with women's dressing, loving and marrying the person of their choice, sexual freedom, catcalling , eve- teasing and harrasment of women which exist in the present day society
And now the patriarchy is unfair to women :( Both these systems have their own flaws. I hope to see an India where everyone is treated equally :'(
Patriarchy and patrilineal are two different things please don't use them interchangeably.
@Abhigyan Nawani what part of it is not clear? Google it
@@tani6071 I have used the term patriarchal with its meaning only, a society controlled by men, which was exactly how it was with British and outside Kerala
In the 19th century even polio and TB was much prevalent. Unfortunately, we abolished it. I REQUEST TO BRING POLIO AND TB BACK.
I think it's important to also consider that matrilineal families still existed within the patriarchy. I myself come from a Nair family, and I don't think that the system was particularly empowering for women - rather, it was a safeguard for women because they were NOT empowered to be educated, leave the house, and earn their own money... Thanks so much for the fascinating content, Swaddle
Your hair😍❤️
so much dye.
@@richardv9648 Actually, it's very little dye. Because I have very little hair 😂
@@rockrosemary Hehe, thanks!
We tuluva's (except tulu brahmins) still follow matriliny law. Most of the time heritage homes and properties are given to female members of family.
Most of the customs and practices are still matrilineal in Kerala. Among Nairs there is “pula”( concept of one being considered impure after death of a relative ) only when someone from your mother’s family dies. So even even with the death of your paternal grandmother you are not considered an immediate relative .
Still its following by majority of Nair families
Thiyyar, Nambyar, Vaniya communities, also follows 'pula'.
"pula" or "pela" is only followed for 16 days ig.
I m from North Kerala(kannur). Some communities like mine still use mother's family name. The eldest woman usually gets the hold of the ancestoral home. But it's changing now or has changed a lot. If somebody gives birth or dies in my mother's family, we can't go to temple, attend functions etc.. If it happens on the father's side, it doesn't affect us(emotionally may be but not traditionally).
@ Thank you for the comment. I live with my mom, grandmom and great grandmom. All from the maternal side. 🤣Yes they rule the household 🤣🤣
Are you Thiyyar?
@@Themalabarsaga No. I m not. I don't want to talk about caste. So that's why I mentioned 'community' in my comment and not caste. Hope u can understand. Have a good day.
Best channel so far💜💜
Thank you for this!
Great Job Swaddle
Here in meghalaya we still follow matriliny. Most of the Tribes take mother's surname.
You mean khasis?
@@sam7837 not only Khasis, but Koches and Achiks ( tribes of Garo hills) also follow matriliny
We too
Not only in Kerala.,,most of the coastal Karnataka Tulu people except Brahmins still follow matrilineal system..
This is so fascinating... can we see a full documentary anywhere? 🙏
Ahhhh, there's nothing more fragile than the male ego.
It does make sense for mothers to be in charge of households as they do most, if not all, the household work and birth children.
But I do think that egalitatrian families are much better than matrilineal or patriarchal families. Both parents should share responsibilities of the house and parenting.
Correct 💯
If you thought matrilinial society of Kerala bestowed all the powers to women, it is a deceiving thought.
1. The full control rested up on the eldest maternal uncle of the family. It was taken over by the second eldest maternal uncle in the event of the demise of the first one. The head of the household always were males and not females. The head 'karanavar' could be dictatorial and tyrinical. He could be kind and benovalent. It depends on the human being.
2. Yes. The property was inherited by the sisters and their offspring, not by the children of the Karanavar ie.the male head of the family.
3. The role of the father was only conjugal. For this purpose he came to the house of his wife during night time. The father had no role in the upbringing of his children. But at the same time he had his duties with his own sisters and nieces and nephews.
4. The children inherited the surname or the family name of his mother.
5. The women of course were secure in their own homes. They were not dependent on their in-laws.
6. Both men and women were free to dissolve a marriage at will. And all men and women were free to re-marry at will, of course with the permission of the 'Karanavr', the male head of the family. And it was not at all difficult to find a new husband after the death or divorce of the first husband as the new husband had no role or responsibility except to produce children. His children were brought up in his wife's family.
7. This system was most prevalent in Nair societies, and to a lesser extent among Thiyya and Muslim Moplah communities of Malabar. It was never practiced in Brahmin families of Kerala. This system is almost extinct among all the communities today.
8. There is a rationale behind this weird system. The male members of Nair community were mostly soldiers of Kings and they led a precarious and uncertain life. This system gave security to the women in the event of the death of their husband. Or if the husband failed to return from the expedition. The women could re-marry and need not spend the rest of their life miserably in their in-laws house.
9. I had a grand mother who used to refer to her children to her husband, 'my children, your children and our children'. Apparently both had children from their earlier marriages as well as from their current marriage.
Now you decide the pros and cons of this system.
Hi
I'm a law student
It'd be really helpful if anyone could tell me that where I can find the complete video
Wow. Never heard of this before. Thanks for bringing this here. I feel in 21st century, a child should have the right to decide if he/she/they wants to keep his/her/their father's surname or mother's surname or either of fathers' or either of mothers' surname. All this matrilineal or patrilineal lineage should be considered obsolete, If we want to progress as humans. The millineal and Gen-Z have the strength to do this if given enough education and knowledge about what we are, rather than what/how we should be.
I am still suffering from all these practices 😁😂, I have my mom’s surname, my wife had her mom’s surname, After marriage my wife changed her surname as my first name ( don’t ask me why, blame it on customs). When my kids were born they had my wife’s original family name. I am being questioned by customs officers during travel, infact my health insurance company software couldn’t process my claim as it was confused with our surname🤣, every time I have to teach those guys what is Matrilineal etc.
"After marriage my wife changed her surname to my first name" - that's the practice being followed in Tamil Nadu, no surname, no caste name, etc.. My wife and my children follow my first name as their last name. I follow my father's name as my last name.
BASICALLY, This system was followed in Nair society because no one knew or had no connections with their biological fathers. And these fathers were usually namboodiri Brahmins or Nair men . Nairs were a martial caste , so they were soldiers and never returned home. This changed when men stop doing it , started working as something else and living with their families.
But still in Nair society you get your mother's subcast.
@@priyasathyan3594 I didn't know nair had subcasts 😬
Very True..It is mostly Nair/menon thing due to sambandam (sexual relationship with the eldest Namboodari, who is not allowed to marry), In Ezhava, Muslim and Christian families it exist because of the eldest person (usually grand mother) in the family is a woman...There are differences in that too, but this feminist lady in this video is oversimplifying to fit her narrative.
Nairs and Ezhavas are basically sri lankans, nairs are Naga tribe of srilanka and the ezhavas (ezham tamils) are yakka, rakka, and veddha tribes of lanka.
LTTE chief Velu pilla prabhakaran was a kerala nair from kollam district in kerala.
@@Aditi-mb3qm that's most probably because they were single mothers lol
@Anahita Sachdev Would like to know more about the research in this video.
Matrilini is still followed in some parts of north east india. You should do an episode on that.
We do not need outdated systems like these, as me moved foward we form more functional family structures that better suits the requirements of the day, and are fair to both the sexes😊. This was educational though
Exactly
But some woman's want its actually sad though
Remember, it is all about power play...
Be a hunter gatherer....Reasearch proved that the HUNTER GATHERER SOCIETIES WERE THE MOST EGALITARIAN. There is no other way. Even wealth inequality was minimum there. People shared food and resources with each other...and there was no hierarchy like today. But question is, WILL YOU GO BACK?Because going back means there will no poor or any rich. and certainly NO CLASS OR STATUS.
oh so patriarchy, patrilocality and patriliny (culturally still wide-spread) are the fair systems. okay. and these are fair too women too. right. of course.
In 1976 kerala legislature didnt abolish matrilini , but it abolished "mrumakkathayam" a practice where a family's ancestral wealth is given only to female members of that family .a practice That was unfair.
@John Honai dowry when collected by women are not considered illegal in any part of the world.
The thing is neither is good.. a good balance of power is what you need for a good environment.
Who told you it was abolished? There was never a matriliny law on paper, so how can anything that never existed be abolished?
Many people still follow the system and many who used to follow it for inheritance have stopped it. So what is the big deal?
It is not abolished, I am a Nair because my mother is one, her mother was married to a Pillai and then to she is Nair, My grandfather's father is a Namboothiri but he is a Panicker same because of his mother being Panicker and my grandfather is a Nair because his mother is one, It is not abolished, it is just that only some people don't feel good in their skin to follow it. This is more a part of colonial guilt than abolishment.
Edit ; Even if it is abolished by law
Could you please clarify whether the claim that ' Karnavan' became the head of the matrilineal family due to the British is correct or not? Who controlled the affairs before karnavan got his powers ?
Matriliny is observed even now among the Jews. Children born to a Jewish mother are considered Jewish. Children born to a non- Jewish mother are treated as non- Jews and take their mother's ethnicity.
@@arulsammymankondar30 The woman
Edit: Karnor Became head of the Family because the British believed it odd for a woman to be head of the d=familky (although ironically ruled by a queen). The woman had complete power before the Britishers came. Kollam is known for its queen, not its king. This was partial because of colonial guilt, western education, convent Christianism and communism
Reference: The Empire of the Nairs; or, The Rights of Women. A Eutopian Romance, in Twelve Books
Queen Of Koylang (Kollam)
@@InduCute
There were many women around. The house was not nuclear but a joint family. What was the hierarchy of women that was in vogue ? Can you give any source reference?
Are you from kollam?
@@InduCute
This is what the video says. I am interested in knowing who among the women was the head of the house ? It is highly improbable that there was a nuclear family system for even in the West it is a creation of later times. Even after Chritianity people lived as clans and tribes, with no individual rights. The law of primogeniture is the proof. The issue is not queenship. What was the hierarchy among the women before Karner came about?.
I think matrical society is also bad and patrichal is also bad we need equality and respect for both genders
In Mangalore, still matriliny is followed. V use our mothers surnames and not fathers.
That is not that. you choose the higher cast name. Nothing to do with matriliny.
I had no idea as to something like this existed, thank you for sharing this!
And a woman has the highest status in the British Empire.
How ironic!
Till now my grandfather asks my grandmother's decision before making an conclusion
He gives a lot of respect to her & she's the only person who said to do whatever I like ,& she used to say that we are women who thinks a lot more than men
So don't lose Ur hope to men's
Maybe ur grand father and the men in your family was spineless c*wards. But not everyone other men in our families like them
@@noname-yb3nh because my grandfather was a man not a coward like you
I'm born to a matrilineal society,meghalaya a state in the northeastern part of india.Still practice and proud too..
In my community we still practice matriliny..in every family..when a child is born they belong to and follow customs of the mother's family .i.e the child's family name/ancestral house is that of the mother's..even in our wedding cards..the name of the head of the mother's family of the bride/groom is put as inviting the guests for the wedding..we belong to coastal south karnataka..
So India(or parts of it) was way ahead of its time
There shouldn't be any patriarchy or matriarchy, everyone should be equal whoever agrees with me???
I agree
@John Honai even that is bad. It should be equal
Very interesting, informative! Thank you!
😱😱😱im mind blown ...and Im from Kerala...cool to know such a history of us....Tbh, we Indians need to know more about our history, lineage and heritage....which is not taught in school.
Its difficult to teach some uncomfortable history in school, to say that nayar women had many husbands who only visited at nights.
Boring😴😴😴
I m sure a bunch of men abolished matriliny....woman always suppressed
🤣🤣🤣 no need of you to get soo unsecure
Matriliny was unfair to woman too, consider this this - you marry a guy & has children but your children dont inherit any of his ancestral wealth..everything goes to your husbends sisters and to her children only..is that fair?
Ass burned pseudo? Huh
I am Arathi P from kerala, malabar region (kannur district). I think we still follow some matrilineal elements. Example in my name, 'P' indicates 'parothidil', which is the name of my mother's ancestral house.
Its family name or surname
Family name. We don't have surname.
In kannur thiyyars have Illam name, Aroodam name, Family /tharavadu name, and Titles.
For example my illam is Kaarada Thiyyar, Aroodam is Palliyathan, Tharavadu is Chalil Onjiyan, and Title is Embran / Embron.
@@theAestheticOf 😳.But your name looks like Chinese
She barely skims the surface. There were a lot of built in problems that is not shown. Families have broken and scattered because of it. I believe it was originally called marumakkathayam.
Glad to see someone with the knowledge here. Its very rare.
Or maybe... Just maybe.. because the level of conflicts between families or clans were unprecedented in Kerala, particularly Malabar, men were always at war and women stayed back to take care of the family?
Once the British came, the level of conflicts went down. Thus the ripple effect which eventually put men as head of the households.
Even in sociology v rnt taught these things, matriliny is concluded in a single definition 😩
Not only upper caste but lower caste Hindu did this too. And not to mention Islam has been extremely patriarchal since its inception in Arabia.
Muslims in kerala were forcible nair converts so they took matriachy alongside them
No lower caste do matriarchy.
@@Themalabarsaga I am a lower caste Hindu. Ask me.
@@warpdrive9229 which lower caste group did matrilineal?
@@Themalabarsaga Sorry I misread your comment. Yes its true no one does matriarchy.
if it is hindu family system act, then why would it affect muslims and christians following matriliny?
I am a malayalee(warrier community) and I have my mother's surname and dad's name but that really doesn't matter we have the oldest and eldest one as the wise one(doesn't mean everything that happens is under their control...they are respected for their experiences and wisdom) and there is no dictatorship scenario... But I won't deny the fact that there are families in kerala where this is not the case...
Ys i know, part of this kinship boundary in kerala
Patriarchy got threatened by the system where they don't have the control over.
Poor them. I pity them (patriliny).
A war breaks out all families will be back to riling on Patriarchy. Its a fact. poor women.
Never heard of this before. Thanks for the video. Now Matrilinear system can only be found in the North-eastern part of India.
thank you! so helpful and important
Why did they abolish I would like to live in Kerala if it isn't
LOL!
Yeah and your husband will leave you for another rich woman.
@@kmp7290 at least there will be no comtoll of men on family...we can take our decision and will live our life in own way
@@kmp7290 not gonna lie but this is what happens in matrilineal society
@@nikitawaghmare3531 you are wrong though. Even in a matrilineal society, men are the one who dominates the society. Women just have more control on the household. It's not a utopia like you think.
after watchin dis...i really wanna study history
It’s worth indeed.
im from kerala and i have both my parent's name as my initials.. but my older sis go my dad's name. (btw I'm a girl too)
This video gave the world the answer it wants , This is it , this is the solution to end , Poverty, Global economic inequality, Middle income trap, Global Warming & Cooling , Unemployment, Crime and Economic Sustainability, Thanks to this channel for opening our eyes towards what the world exactly needs in this era.
What are you talking about
Hmmm... interesting
Swaddle logic to societal things:
When it is the good things....Show that all religions behaved similar.
When it is the bad things....Highlight Hinduism and show traces of other religions to maintain secularism.
Someone said it. Finally. ✌🏼
Atlast someone said 🙏
I think a lot of people are confused with the terms used. Matrilineal/ Patrilineal --> Terms related to wealth inheritance. Matriarchial/ Patriarchial --> Terms related to gender innequality. Kerala was always a patriarchial society (even with both matrilineal/ patrilineal customs). And coming to the matrilineal part, the abolishment of this was a good move. In the context of Kerala, in a matrilineal family, all the wealth will be inherited by one's sister's children.That means, the wealth of parents will be inherited by nephew/ niece. Also, uncles had more authority over children than their father. I think this was not a good system to follow.
we in costal karnataka tulunad tuluva people follow mothers family line every tuluva has their family daiva n naga bana at their ancestors place from d mothers line once in a year thousands f family members meet there n still v follow those kinship what is called as bari among tuluvas
And the head of Britain ? Queen. 😂
Why does swaddel make it a women vs men thing? The lady said that the British found the concept alien to their law so that changed systems to suit what fit in their legal system. It was a change of convenience and not suppression.
Thats their agendas... To fuel misandry
Well uhm. They didn't make it men vs women. It already unfortunately is.
@@Amerigotalks lmao
@@aivin649 find one swaddle video which deosnt promote misandry feminism instead of equality in its right sense
@@Amerigotalks duh just tell me where was the misandry in the video dude they didn't say we should go back to the old system or glorified it in terms of men's position
Such a new piece of info... All our original ways of life and outlook got washed away with just one colonisation..
I believe a family shouldn't be one gender oriented it's not fair atall. Both female & Male should be same incharge.