One thing to remember is that a lot of the Lords and troops that went with William in 1066 were Frankish/French from outside of Normandy or Bretons. Plus the Plantagenets were French from Anjou. So its fair to call them French, in the same way we talk about the English and not the West Saxons, Mercians, Northumbrians, East Anglians etc. You can claim the Northumbrians were Danes or Vikings given the big influence and ancestry of Danes in the North of England. Its simply easier to call the collective groups English and French. You had the French that spoke the langue d'oïl and the langue d'oc. The Norman dialect was part of the langue d'oïl. Plus the French were also a mix of Germanic Franks and Gallo-Romans.
Stop playing with Frankish/French. Franks migrated to France and mordern day France is legacy. Even Germans call France FRANKREICH! They were French. Full stop
Or how Vikings founded the Rus principalities and in the process created the basis for Russia. That is a fascinating topic. Vikings supposedly even had a trading post in Baghdad at some point.
I use to take French lessons from a Norman French teacher and go to a Norman French church in California. Both the Norman French teacher and his wife had blonde hair and blue eyes like the Vikings.
The anthem's lyics is about being of German blood and having been loyal to the Spanish king. And he mentions being a Prince of Orange. Orange is in France. Oops, forgot 'van Nassauwe' meaning being from Nassau. In Germany, of course.
Something similar happened to the vikings named Rus in East Europe And there is a legend that Roerik fan Dorestêd and the first russian ruler Rørik are the same person
That's indeed very similar : A small minority of political elite (rus' / nordmans) ruled over and quickly got assimilated in a mass of local population (slavs/franks) while giving their ethnonym to the place they ruled. The normands elite assimilated in three generations due to even greater pressure than the varangians : The original normans, always a rather small minority in their own duchy, ruled over a small part of Francia and all their neighbours were either franks or celts (bretons) ; furthermore, feudal politics implied making a lot of matrimonial alliances with your neighbours, thus constantly mixing with the far more numerous frankish nobles (it's quite obvious when one check the lineage of William the conqueror or the Hauteville family. More importantly, by 1000 AD, any norse trait in normand culture had simply disappeared : not only language and religion but also architecture, social organisation and classes, warfare style, economy, personal grooming, way of life etc.
@@emsnewssupkis6453 well, that is still Northern Europe. I'm pretty sure if you took a DNA test it'd just say "mostly broadly western european". We're all mixed, most importantly is the particular culture we're a part of
If you’d believe the Vikings TV series you’d think they literally mutated into High Mediaeval perfumed French noblemen seconds after being given land in Francia
@BLUE DOG LOL what debate? Based on your initial comments I could easily surmise, Christianity sucks, Kings suck, Jewish Bankers suck and because they financed Nazis/Commies they too suck. Which leads me to infer your view sucks because censorship causes hiding which sucks. Ergo debating with you sucks.
I mean they wouldn't have been averse to those things to begin with. The Danes and Norse bathed regularly and loved gold and shiny stuff. They were also great fighters, those facts aren't mutually exclusive.
It's also important to point out that the local Frankish nobles of the area were already speaking oïl languages (old French) by this time for two reasons : 1 - They were constantly in contact with the locals 2 - From 496 to the 10th century, generations of Gallo-Romans progressively integrated the nobility and intermarried.
They married into French culture and genepool. They said it themselves in the Bayeux tapestry. That they spoke French and adopted French law. To French people they introduced themselves as Normans. To foreigners they introduced themselves as French.
A little reminder , the Franks didn’t just give away their women to Vikings, they fought two hard battles (Siege of Paris from 885 to 886 and Siege of Chartres 911) which have been omitted by this video. For more details you may check my other comments
Speaking of the Bretons, can you do a video on their history? How they fled Britain, settled in Brittany, and kept their independence from the Franks/France for a good thousand years?
You can still find today remnants of the Vikings in French Normandy : place names, genetics (dolichocphals, tall blond people with blue eyes), impact on the French dialects (the Joret line).
LOL how misguided! So by your logic anyone blond is a viking decent? So Bretons and those in Pas de Calais are also viking? Ever been to France? Clearly not....France has MANY regions...and used to have many languages...Normandy is just one of many historic regions....and yes vikings settled there and went all over Europe and yes King of France formed an alliance with vikings...who in turn settled...that was 300 years before Invasion of Britain...These vikings were THOROUGHLY French by that point. Like Europeans who went to America arent European after several generations....William was a vassal to the French king- a duke and he asked permission to invade britain...King sent troops to support William (he was born and died in France by the way..and spoke French..and name was Guillaume, not William...we anglos just scrubbed all the data to our liking to discredit French.
I love hearing about the Normans. :D It's such an interesting mix of viking and latin, savagery and civilized. I really think they hit the best of both worlds.
I'm French Canadian. My ancestors were Pioneers and Vikings. Pretty cool. No wonder i don't abide to the global cabal. It's in my DNA. My last name means BRAVE
@@therantwithgrant2051 The Normans had Papal agents in England undermining King Harold Godwinson. Please do your research and get the real facts. After the Battle of Hastings the English (Anglo Saxon) folks who stood for individual liberty and freedom headed north into the Scottish Lowlands, Northern Ireland and then Appalachia, never, ever giving up their thirst for liberty, which they gained on the new continent!!
Note that "William" is really the *Norman* form of the name. Same goes for Walter/Gautier, Wace/Gace, waste/gaste, warden/gardien, wasp/guêpe, etc. You can see that w/g dichotomy all over the words borrowed into English. It's an isogloss of the dialects from Normandy to Lorraine and isn't from Norse influence (if anything it's from Frankish).
LOL William wasnt called William he was called Guillaume and spoke French! He was French not Frankish...even Germans call France FRANKREICH EMPIRE of the Franks...
The assimilation of the Scandinavians into the local Gallo-Romance people, particularly demonstrated in the names of successive Norman rulers, seems very similar to what happened with the Rus' Varangians in Kyivan Rus'. You first had rulers with very Scandinavian names like Helgi (Oleh) and Ingvar (Ihor), followed by rulers with very Slavic names like Sviatoslav. I think you are definitely in a good position to make a video on the Varangians in Kyivan Rus', particularly since you are at Cambridge. If you ever need assistance, I am sure Dr. Olenka Pevny and the Cambridge Ukrainian Studies Centre will be glad to help you ^_^
Also another particularly interesting case of assimilation & Christianization of alien nobility in far away lands is Bulgars & Huns (both Turkic nomads) in Slavic nations just like Vikings or Rus. Seems that Slavic culture had a very strong foot print.
Danuki L its only the rulers. It went very slowly through generations The same way the franks went slowly from germanic language similar to german to latin language (french) Also back in the 1950s 60s original norman language was still alive in rural isolated parts of normandy. Now its a dead language
@@pwnageshow2549 Really? The original Norman dialect of Old Norse, or it's Germanic descendant, survived until the 1950s? I thought it didn't survive the Middle Ages. I do remember reading that *Normaund* (the Norman Langue d'Oïl) survives to this day in certain parts of Normandy and the Channel Islands. What do scholars call the Norman dialect of Old Norse? I would like to read more about it :)
Danuki L yes it was still spocken by a small number of people in normandy back in the 50s 60s. Now its either a dead language or almost dead You can still learn it in some specific university in normandy. Its called the "norrois". Its similar to icelandish or old danish
Danuki L but to mention at first only the ruling class. the commercial family & family in frequant contact with latin french spoke french. Normans werent duolingo hippies 😆 so it took lot of generations When norman took over england. They were speaking a old norse dialect. And the anglo saxon could understand to an extent since they are germanics as well. And lot of danes settled there Its France who took advantage from the fact that normandy accepted to be part of france kindgom. That sent their french citizen there Normans contributed to the scandinavian influence to english language with old norse. The french arrived later tacking advantage that normandy was now part of them to lazily claim territories
Guillame Longue Épée (William Long Sword) was the son of Rollo who had become quickly frenchified. Richard Sans Peur (Richard the Fearless) was the grandson of Rollo and had become completely frenchified
Talking about the coin, it is indeed Rouen as Rouen’s old roman name was Rotomagus which was probably abbreviated into Rotom. Very interesting video!! Thanks
Lol youll do anything NOT to say the word French! Love the discrediting of French but Frankish = French and Normans of 1066 were thoroughly French just like Texas is part of Murica
Harald Sigurdsson, known as Hardrada and the brother of Harold Godwinson, Tostig Godwinson invaded Anglo-Saxon England ( no British Isles, yet ) with the Great Viking Army, east of York, England, early September 1066. Harold and Tostig Godwinson had invaded Wales, together and Tostig had killed the King of Wales, a year later, however, Tostig turned against his brother.. I don't remember why ! The Anglo-Saxons knew how to fight the Vikings, since the victory of Alfred the Great in 878. Harold Godwinson with his Hauscarls were successful. Even if the Normans ( Northmen ) were once Vikings themselves, in 1066, with William the Conqueror, they had different war tactics and weaponry. It is said that Harold Godwinson had stopped in London before rushing to Hastings... ..... it was a poor decision, he should have rested with the army and wait for reinforcement and supplies...in London , with a possible victory ?!? However, the Norman Cavalry was the key against the Anglo-Saxons...
Without the Battle of Stamford Bridge William the Bastard would have gone down in history as exactly that, William the Bastard! The Saxons still almost won the battle, and if not for Harold's subcommandor on the the right wing chasing the feigned retreat of the Norman down the hill the battle would have probably ended in a draw, which would have been a victory for the Saxons, as they had the home field advantage and reinforcements on the way!!
Unlike the Norman Conquest of England (1066), which took a few years after one decisive battle, the conquest of southern Italy was the product of decades and a number of battles, few decisive. Many territories were conquered independently, and only later were unified into a single state. Compared to the conquest of England, it was unplanned and disorganised, but equally complete.
To my surprise this supposedly professional video omitted that the Frankish did SUCCESSFULLY fended off the Vikings twice : 1. Siege of Paris (885 - 886) when the Frankish under leadership of Odo of France fortified Paris 2. Siege of Chartre (911) when Odo’s brother Robert 1st of France and his horsemen stopped the Vikings offensive So the fact is the Frankish didn’t just gave land and women to the Vikings as suggested by this video. Not even close to history.
Bro you’ve already written something similar. But yea this ‘Oxford student’ is a bit amateur… he didn’t mention Alfred the Great also gave Vikings women and land! (Yorkshire)!
Hmmm, why might he left off that bit of info? Perhaps because the video is 16 minutes long and, the above facts don't directly relate to the theme of the video. By the way, if the Franks fended off the Norsemen, and the Franks didn't give them the lands, how did they then come to rule those lands?
@@brg8960 Very good question. First, the Frankish horsemen fended off the Vikings at Paris TWICE (885-886 and 911). But they couldn’t expel them out of France. So they came to a comprise : the Franks gave them some land in what we call nowadays Normandy, the Vikings did not enter Paris again. This is very similar to Alfred the Great giving Yorkshire to the Danes. Interestingly, England which had 4 Viking kings, France had 0 Viking king. And please remember , Vikings pledged allegiance to French king (and it’s officially recognised by a treaty), they were incorporated into French nobility patchwork. Of course during medieval times, it’s not like modern centralised state, every vassal enjoyed a certain degree of autonomy.
Thomas Whittingham Funny enough I showed someone who spoke Dutch natively some videos where some people sound really Scottish well let’s say they actually heard a lot of similar words. Seems that Scottish English is very different compared other dialects.
Thomas Whittingham You should also look up Frisian language by spoken Frisians in the Netherlands that being spoken natively because how they speak Frisian sounds very similar on how Scottish people talk.
Et il serait intéressant de voir une deuxième vidéo qui explique la suite et la conquête de Guillaume Le Conquérant, son influence culturelle et génétique sur la Grande Bretagne ! Ma famille vient originalement de Trisay (Trisac), en Normandie.
I so look forward to the videos you are planning to make on this topic and I've ticked the little bell so that I get all your updates instead of personalized ones. Cheers!
@@Oxmustube, Obviously more people than you expected. I grew up with Asterix! Still have a couple of albums. Also Tin-Tin😂. Me? = too old🙄, from Sweden.
Anna Backman Dr Seuss is an American author of children books. A few movies about his stories have been made, like "the grinch who stole Christmas" and "Cat in the hat". Very popular in the English world.
Amazing video! I think one of the most telling things that can be said against the "Normans were Vikings" argument, which it seems, most often springs from a sense of English anti-continentalism, is that the entirety of the cultural changes brought about by the Norman Conquests among the kingdoms of Britain were Frankish in nature. Now of course it's possible that all the Viking institutions we might have expected the Normans to impose and which are part of Britain, might have already been brought about by Canute's conquest, and by other already present Viking settlers, and there were no more significant Norse cultural adaptations to make. But the Normans effected the most long term changes in England, Scotland and Wales, significantly changing Saxon and Celtic 'dark age' societies into Frankish Feudal Kingdoms. And all those changes were Frankish.
I'm descended from some of the Vikings who settled in the Tosny area of Normandy. Today I believe Tosny is part of an area called Les Trois Lacs. My last name is an Anglicized version of Tosny.
One of my ancestors was Bernard the Dane, brother/companion of Rollo, who took up residence in 'Normandy' in the early 900s. His descendants and my ancestors are the de Harcourts. It is always good to hear more on how the vikings came to 'Normandy'.
If u claim , how do u know "Rolo" was a Dane ? . Kurt is a believer in relativism / postmodern philosophy , history to fit the contemporary , globalization salvation and the nationstate hell. In the end we all originate from "Adam"/"Eve" .
I do know that going back so far many years that 'everyone' is related. My bubble was burst many years ago and I take everything with a grain of salt. My mother's family married a de Harcourt(d'Harcourt) daughter in the early 1700's when the Huguenots started for the New World and settled in today Berks County Pennsylvania, from there they spread west. My branch moved into Perry County, PA. The line can be traced back son or daughter to parent though remaining records and books(hoping they are true) to Bernard the Dane. Info on Bernard is spotty at best. Was he a brother or companion of Rollo? Did he even really know Rollo? Who were Bernard's parents? Siblings? No one really knows anything beyond Bernard is a common ancestor of many, many people.
I want to try finding my ancestry. I've done the DNA test and don't really know where to begin. Sir name of Normandin , it seems that most of them went to Canada.
I know they were in my neighborhood, Arabia. I wouldn't be surprised! I've been considering doing a blood test since my Arab bloodline is from Palestine, but very blonde and blue eyes or other light coloring were known for, though no one can find a 'other' name in the family books. And we have everyone. They may have changed names...
They are actually somewhat related, if i remember the book i will get back to you, but in short the scandinavian vikings and the kievan rus, used to be closely related, and in some instances the scandinavians sought refugee under the rus.
@@isaacolivecrona6114 Mostly but not only, there was also Finnish people who went viking in the slavic east, but also Poles and some Norwegians obviously (like Haraldr Sigurdsson and his brother Olaf before him). I can't recall any famous Danes in the east but given that Danes represented the large bulk of all viking expeditions, no doubt Danes also went east, even though Swedes were most likely the biggest "ethnicity" within the norse population of the Rus.
A note on "Magellan" : He and his Spanish contingency of soldiers were annihilated by an army of warriors native to Mactan (Southern Philippines) led by a warlord named Lapu-Lapu, in a tiny battle that was due to an agreement that Magellan entered into with another ruling warlord stipulating that this warlord shall open the doors of his turf to Magellan if he manages to annihilate Lapu-Lapu, which he didn't and paid with his and his troop's life in the hands of his opponent. Only the friar witnessing the event, and a handful of ship crew left behind made their escape. There is however, no extant records (?) as to the whereabouts of Magellan's body nor of it's resting place. Sorry, I thought about putting this in since "Magellan TV" was mentioned in the intro credits. My apologies.
1:57 - About the earlier viking age start on the VIII century (maybe something about Orkeyar), I'd like to know more about that on following videos for sure.
why would have Rollo been offered flanders by the king of the franks of the west?? Rollo had no military success or positions there. What is your source? The offering of the region or Rouen (Rollo has not been even offered the whole current normandy, only a small portion of it, further extensions came later) is the result of a military status quo in the region of Rouen and Valley de la Seine, Rollo was not able to get decisive military advantage in the progress toward Paris and on the other hand the king of the franks was not able to regain authority on the Neustrie globally (not only the part controlled by Rollo). So it was a win-win agreement, I do not see what Flanders has to do in the process. And even the Saint Clair sur Epte pact is not even proven to have been formerly approved by both parties, there are serious hypothesis that consider it to be just a proposal of negotiation and never signed off, just finally concretising itself on the terrain, pragmatically lets say. The give away may have been approved later. I personally sincerely doubt that Rollo the pagan would have given any kind of importance to a written treaty. Lots of historians here in Normandy consider this treaty is a myth.
Too bad for English who prefer to say that they were conquered by hmmm... "Viking descents" rather than by French. And apart of Normans, a large share of William's army were French nobles from other provinces attracted by the promise of loot and land.
Well it’s not untrue as the Norman conquerors did have a Viking origin, but yes culturally they were French and they brought with them mercenaries from France
@@Ramdingle007 Indeed, the Duke of Bretagne, as well as William's father-in-law the count of Flandres (another french guy) provided quite a chunk of troops. In addition, the next Dynasty of english kings were the Plantagenet. Hard to sound frenchier :-D Henry II Plantagenet was actually the son of a french count of Anjou whose mother was a deposed Norman queen of England. She tried all of life to take the throne back, and her son inherited her claim. The guy married Alienor of Aquitaine, who was french as well. But yeah, it does not go well to the english legend that some french never ruled or conquered them.
heru wahyono actually let’s say french & norman descendants. But is that so surprising? Current England crown is in the hands of the germanic Saxe-Cobourg-Gotha house for instance. Owning a crown has never been a question of nationality.
It's not because 100 vikings settled in Normandy that the Normands became all vikings. The Normands are Celto frankish, as we see by their names, their rules, their customs, their civilisation ant their architecture. It's amazing to see that Normands lived in castles and prayed in the biggest churchs and cathedrals of Europe when primitive vikings lived in huts of wood. This means Normands have nothing in common with vikings. But of course, some crazy and stupid story fakers prefer pretend England was invaded by vikings instead of frankish (french) Normands.
My family is from the north of France on my mom's side. And my father's side is from Scotland, and Scandanavia/Ireland. I have alot of Scandinavian in my family. And I'm extremely proud of it. And also a small amount of basque/berber.
Correction. William longsword was born in Scandinavia. Maybe Norway i think. My reasons that cultural change wasnt as fast as people say, because you get the impression that they stepped off the boat and started wearing berets and eating bagettes. I think the 4th?? Duke of Normandy was imprisoned for taking on too many french aires, and they had to get one of rollo's surviving companions to get him out safely. Edit (i shouldve kept watching before commenting) I think the 3rd and fourth dukes were brothers so we aren't talking generations A letter between the french and English kings complaining that the normans were trading with Scandinavian raiders for booty captured in england In the Icelandic sagas the characters have a great knowledge of their familys in the old counrty. Because they were always going back to dispute inheritances. Circumstancial i know. That Norman-French is a thing to this day The raven banners on the beyaux tapestry And do you think this is where the french started eating horse? Best of luck to you and yours
Disco The Ray I know that the Swedish vikings were further east starting the foundation of the kievanrus, the mother of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. But we weren’t in Normandie. Nevertheless you will hear cities with a district called haga.
@@lsq7833 The channel islands were not under French control, and the Dukes acted independently from France. The islands were directly controlled by the Dukes of Normandy, and later the Kings of England. The islands were given over to the Anglo-Normans by treaty. The notion that the Dukes of Normandy were vassals to France is historically dubious.
@@8thLegio The Plantagenets were only partially Norman, and initially by marriage, and they also were only distantly related to the French royal family. The Platagenets were originally from Anjou, and had connections to Aquitaine.
@@bobjoe7508 The duchy of Normandy was de jure part of the kingdom of Francia, and the king of England paid hommage to the king of France for the duchy of Normandy (and later for the duchy of Aquitaine as well).
My surname is norman, "pierpoint" apparently pier means bridge, point means stone/rock, im indistinguishable from your average English bloke though, nothing special until I looked into the history, keep it up Hilbert, love the vids 🤙
I think its an evolution of Pierrepont which is a common French name, it means Stone Bridge, your ancester probably lived or worked near by a Stone Bridge. :')
The Old Norse for 'bridge' is spelled bru / bro. So, sorry, not likely. It's very commonly used on rune stones, so there's no reason to argue. Like: "Iarlabanki let ræisa stæina þessa at sik kvikvan ok bro þessa gærði fyr and sina ok æin atti Tæby allan" In "normal" Swedish: "Jarlabanke lät resa dessa stenar efter sig medan han levde, och han gjorde denna bro för sin själ, och han ägde ensam hela Täby" In English, word by word: "Jarlabanke let raise these stones for himself alive, and he made this bridge for his soul, and he owned alone whole Täby" "Jarlabanke let raise these stones, whilst alive, and had these bridges made to prevent his soul, and he was the owner of the whole Täby area." He was a very powerful man in the areas north of today's Stockholm, at that time filled with water sick parts that were difficult to pass through. Only wealthy men could afford to have such as much and difficult work done, and he wanted to brag about it. "Christian"("to prevent his soul"). Most rune stones are raised in memory of brave men, usually dead far away from home, whereof "Frankland", "Saxland" and "England", "Miklagård"= Istanbul, "Kiev" are among the mentioned. Only rich and famous people had stones raised when they still were alive, an obvious statement of their own importance. Interesting is that his father's mother, Estrid, had stones raised over her first husband, Östen (Jarlabanke's father's father), her sons Ingefast (Jarlabanke's father), Gag, and one Ingvar who was Jarlabanke's half uncle and another Ingvar who was her second husband, and Ragnvald, her stepson. She had the stone after Gag raised together with his father Östen. On one stone after her husband Östen you can read "Estrid let raise these stones after Östen, her husband, who traveled to Jerusalem and died in Greece". "Greece" was the old Byzantine Empire, the eastern part of Rome, where Konstantinopel was the capital, by the northmen called "Miklagård", which meant something like "the rich city" or a good place for trading. Indeed a rich and powerful family. By the way, northmen was well seen as hired soldiers and guards of the Byzantium emperors and there are two different rune carvings in Hagia Sofia (Istanbul) and one on a three meters tall marble lion in Venice. That lion stood originally in the Old Greek city Piraeus. Also, there are more Arabic coins (from that era) found in Sweden than in the Arabic areas. Loots or earned money from the Byzantine guard, hidden so it wouldn't be stolen and of some reasons not been dug up again.
OK, so here's a *decisive argument* as to why Rollo french-ified. And let's be frank here. If you had a choice : - do you prefer a petite brunette who knows how to cook for you ? - or Hilga Heavyset, the feminist nut-cracker from Norway ? 🤔🤨🤔🤫
vikings couldn’t sack paris (defended by Odo of France from 885 to 886) and chartres (defended by Robert 1 of france in 911) but the french couldn’t expel them either (the french did manage to defeat them). There was a stalemate. Thus the french proposed a deal and the vikings took it. Win-win. The french didn’t just bribe the vikings. They did show to vikings that although we can’t kick you out of france, we can still manage to resist your attacks.
The traité of Saint clair sur Epte only came about after the army of Hrolf (rollo) was thrashed by Frankish forces at Chartres. He basically had no choice but swear his fealty to the Frankish kings in exchange for his life and that of his men. Charles the Simple (in old french, simple meant: honnest or sincere, not idiot) proved to be a shrewd negociator, and prevented his kingdom being ravaged again. Well played, Charles.
However, when Charles the Simple died, Hrôlfr believed that his oath to the Franksih King was terminated. He then attacked the towns west to Rouen, up to Bayeux, to extend his ''empire'' ! He even married Poppa of Bayeux, to back up his dominance/influence in Normandy. With the years, the Normans would managed to take over the entire Normandy region. The Frankish King were powerless.
Great video! Do you have a source for the brief relapse to Norse paganism in the early years of Richard I's reign? I had never heard of that and I'm interested in learning more.
Didn't William Longsword conquer Avrenchin and the Cotentin from the Kingdom of Brittany so that the granting of this land by the French King was just recognizing the de-facto situation on the ground with a post-facto title?
Don't forget the fact that the Normans had a considerably tenuous relationship with France. We don't have any surviving copies of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, so the notion that Normandy was a French Vassal is dubious to say the least, and without the surviving documents its pretty much impossible to say what their original relationship with France was. We know that William actively fought against the King of France, and they were very keen on keeping their independence. The title of Duke did not exist at the time of William, he still would have been called Count, probably Count of Rouen. The Norman language split into several varieties, with Anglo-Norman being the best attested. All the varieties of Norman have grammatical and considerable vocabulary differences in comparison to Old or Middle French. Considering the lack of standardization at the time, and combined with considerably different pronunciation, French and Norman would not have particularly mutual ineligible, especially with an Anglo-Norman speaker who had grown up entirely surrounded by Anglo-Norman speakers and not speakers of French. Hell, Anglo-Norman speakers probably had a pretty damn hard time communicating with their continental cousins by the time 1250 rolled around with they never spent time in Normandy. The culture of Normandy was quiet different from their southern French counterparts in the middle ages, and God help them if they tried speaking to a Sicilian. However, France forcibly conquered Normandy between 1202 and 1204, and continental Norman came into direct contact with French and heavily borrowed from French, abandoning much of the old vocabulary still used in Anglo-Norman. Anglo-Norman started to decline in usage around 1350, and was largely extinct by 1400, although some might have spoken it into 1450 or so. It's not entirely known how long Norman was spoken in Sicily, 100 years, 200 years? It's not really clear, but it was totally isolated from French or other varieties of Norman, and was in direct contact with both Arabic and Italian, two languages that had already had distinct regional forms by the time the Normans showed up. French wasn't a concise language during the middle ages, and wasn't standardized until the days of the Third Republic, hell it wasn't even the official language of France until the 1500's. French was never the official language of England, and apart from a few kings actually born in the Kingdom of France, pretty much no one spoke it or understood it in England. The Normans were fiercely independent in their language, culture, and territory, and were very much not French. Hell, the Bayeux Tapestry, still indicates William using Drakar style Longships in 1066, over a hundred years after Scandinavian settlement. It's not clear how many Scandinavians settled in Normandy, but enough to completely change the language over a very short amount of time and develop a very unique cultural identity.
Very interesting I just found out my ancestors were on that voyage in 1066 , Cribbs' my father always said we were from Ireland but could've been Denmark or Norway, however Viking ancesters.. Thanks for the history video
When Rollo and Charles the Simple met, rather than paying homage to him, the former grabbed the Frankish King's feet and falled him back from his seat. The Frankish Knights all draw their swords to encircle him, but to everyone's surprise, Charles laughs and seems amused at the situation, and so follow the Franks and Rollo himself. And that's how they started to get along.
@@tibsky1396 quand Rollon a été vaincu au siège de Chartres et que toute son armée a été anéanti le rois de France profita de sa position de force pour faire un traité avec lui, Rollon devait se convertir au christianisme et protéger la seine des vikings, il devait rendre hommage et prêté serment au rois de France au lui baisant le pied, mais Rollon refusa et demanda a l'un de ces hommes de le faire, le conpagnon de Rollon s'avança et souleva le pied du roi qui tomba a la renverse.. et tout le monde c'est mit à rire
So if they spoke if Latin language. Then Latin must’ve been spoken in all of Europe for most of Europe, because Latin is the language they spoke in Rome as well Latin is also a language that was spoken in Spain. And I speak Spanish and I speak a little French, and I have noticed that when I go from French to Spanish all I do is change a letter the sound of a letter but the word almost sounds so similar. For instance in French they say Como Talley vu , in Spanish we say cómo estás tu . If you say them both in the language one right after the other. You can hear the slight difference in both phrases. And so I’ve always wondered why Spanish Italian and French and Portuguese sounds so very similar and you can almost identify what it means when someone is speaking to you because if you speak Spanish or French you can hear the slight differences in all these languages. So did they all derive from Latin . Or all these people the same and just spread out throughout Europe and create a different languages. I speak Hebrew as well Hebrew and Arabic are very similar as well. I work for Jewish and Arabic jewelers, For 15 years and I realize their language is very similar I learn to speak it. I just wonder where all these languages originally appeared from.
Alabama Sword. Rollo is Rouler in Cajun French (Louisiana) Laissez les bons temps rouler. Let the good times roll. Some of the Cajun ancestors are named Roland in English now.
This "Rollo" was actually named 'Rolf'. He had a nickname among the Northmen "Gånge-Rolf", meaning 'Walking Rolf' because he was so tall that his feet was still on the ground when he sat on a horse, so he had to walk anyway. I take it as the rumour was slightly exaggerated... 😁
Anna Backman exagerated not necessarily, I’ve been told that the point is norse horses were more like poneys compared to horses in southern regions or countries (maybe due to the tough climate). That could explain this surname because without being extraordinarily tall he could still have his feet touching the ground when riding a small horse.
Seamus McFlanery I’m actually studying Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic which is an interdisciplinary mix of languages history and literature all together though the languages I study are all dead. I do know some modern languages though My French is terrible ;)
@@historywithhilbert Do you have any tips or sources for learning Celtic languages? I want to learn Scotch Gaelic but there really isn't much literature in terms of learning it.
@@historywithhilbert nonsense! I speak French as a primary language and you sound like a native! I'm impressed! I find it interesting that Québecois French sounds more like the original Norman French however than current Parisian French.
@@Gonboo wish there was more on Manx to be honest. Seems like it would of been a hub of cultural exchange back during this time. I haven't seen much on the Viking Sea Kings based out of there such as Maccus of Man.
You could do a video about every people or folk in Europa like this. Without an exception you could say that geneticly Europeans are still about 75% stone Age hunter gatherers. After that period, around 7,000 years ago proto Europeans moved in (probably celts) to the Netherlands, to be followed by germans around 3,000 years ago. They make up about 20% of our genetic make-up. About 1500 years after the first germanic people moved in they were assimilated and replaced by another group of nordic germans who took the name of the land but who brought their culture and language with them. So most Europeans are still mostly cave dwellers, with a light celto-germanic sauce here and a Slavic dressing there.
You didn't add in the remaining P-Celtic peoples in north of France(Brittony) from the days when Rome fought the Celts thru out Iberia & Gaul/France N. Italy
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Rollo got history's best deal. Land, lordship and ancestor of the most notable monarchs of Europe.
Best deal anyone ever got for loosing.
If he knew it sooner, he would've been dancing naked on the beach.
No naked beach dancing, though.
And he got to smash that smoking hot ass frankish princess Poppa as well.
MetalHeadViking POPPA Doesn't sound like a hot ass girl
One thing to remember is that a lot of the Lords and troops that went with William in 1066 were Frankish/French from outside of Normandy or Bretons. Plus the Plantagenets were French from Anjou. So its fair to call them French, in the same way we talk about the English and not the West Saxons, Mercians, Northumbrians, East Anglians etc. You can claim the Northumbrians were Danes or Vikings given the big influence and ancestry of Danes in the North of England. Its simply easier to call the collective groups English and French. You had the French that spoke the langue d'oïl and the langue d'oc. The Norman dialect was part of the langue d'oïl. Plus the French were also a mix of Germanic Franks and Gallo-Romans.
Stop playing with Frankish/French. Franks migrated to France and mordern day France is legacy. Even Germans call France FRANKREICH! They were French. Full stop
Vikings in the Byzantine empire and Normans in Italy and the Balkans would be two topics for interesting videos
Or how Vikings founded the Rus principalities and in the process created the basis for Russia.
That is a fascinating topic.
Vikings supposedly even had a trading post in Baghdad at some point.
The Norman's conquered Sicily and southern Italy right before conquering England.
@@davidtice4972 the Normans also took over Cyprus and several small islands in the Aegean, although after the conquest of England.
I use to take French lessons from a Norman French teacher and go to a Norman French church in California. Both the Norman French teacher and his wife had blonde hair and blue eyes like the Vikings.
Countless clashes broke out between normans and vikings / varangian guards
Whenever the Netherlands national anthem plays in one of these videos I sing along out loud even though I'm 99% sure I'm just saying Dutch gibberish
Quite sure your version is a lot better than the actual one.
@@rutgerw. dunno about that chief 😂
Amazing comment 😂😂
Don't worry, real Dutch also sounds like gibberish.
The anthem's lyics is about being of German blood and having been loyal to the Spanish king.
And he mentions being a Prince of Orange.
Orange is in France.
Oops, forgot 'van Nassauwe' meaning being from Nassau.
In Germany, of course.
Something similar happened to the vikings named Rus in East Europe
And there is a legend that Roerik fan Dorestêd and the first russian ruler Rørik are the same person
That's indeed very similar :
A small minority of political elite (rus' / nordmans) ruled over and quickly got assimilated in a mass of local population (slavs/franks) while giving their ethnonym to the place they ruled.
The normands elite assimilated in three generations due to even greater pressure than the varangians :
The original normans, always a rather small minority in their own duchy, ruled over a small part of Francia and all their neighbours were either franks or celts (bretons) ;
furthermore, feudal politics implied making a lot of matrimonial alliances with your neighbours, thus constantly mixing with the far more numerous frankish nobles (it's quite obvious when one check the lineage of William the conqueror or the Hauteville family.
More importantly, by 1000 AD, any norse trait in normand culture had simply disappeared : not only language and religion but also architecture, social organisation and classes, warfare style, economy, personal grooming, way of life etc.
Correct, my family came from the French/English Normans and my husband came from the Run Normans. He has red hair and I have blonde hair.
@@emsnewssupkis6453 well, that is still Northern Europe. I'm pretty sure if you took a DNA test it'd just say "mostly broadly western european". We're all mixed, most importantly is the particular culture we're a part of
If you’d believe the Vikings TV series you’d think they literally mutated into High Mediaeval perfumed French noblemen seconds after being given land in Francia
BLUE DOG did you take your pills today ?
@BLUE DOG LOL what debate? Based on your initial comments I could easily surmise, Christianity sucks, Kings suck, Jewish Bankers suck and because they financed Nazis/Commies they too suck. Which leads me to infer your view sucks because censorship causes hiding which sucks. Ergo debating with you sucks.
@@ecmarks438 lmao
@@ecmarks438 The Nazis stole a year's worth of German gdp (ish) from the jews, so they did indeed finance the Nazis ... ^.-
I mean they wouldn't have been averse to those things to begin with. The Danes and Norse bathed regularly and loved gold and shiny stuff. They were also great fighters, those facts aren't mutually exclusive.
It's also important to point out that the local Frankish nobles of the area were already speaking oïl languages (old French) by this time for two reasons :
1 - They were constantly in contact with the locals
2 - From 496 to the 10th century, generations of Gallo-Romans progressively integrated the nobility and intermarried.
They married into French culture and genepool. They said it themselves in the Bayeux tapestry. That they spoke French and adopted French law.
To French people they introduced themselves as Normans. To foreigners they introduced themselves as French.
A little reminder , the Franks didn’t just give away their women to Vikings, they fought two hard battles (Siege of Paris from 885 to 886 and Siege of Chartres 911) which have been omitted by this video. For more details you may check my other comments
Right! its like saying Americans are STILL Europeans after 200-300 years! And as if NO ONE was living in Normandy prior....
"How did the Vikings become French"
VIkings: *oui*
Avery the Cuban-American your in every comment section ever
I do love the fact that I see you all over RUclips
@Lucas Zhu The same type of inane comments he makes all over youtube!
*Oïl
They realised the power of cheese & baguettes. No amount of fermented fish could compare.
Speaking of the Bretons, can you do a video on their history? How they fled Britain, settled in Brittany, and kept their independence from the Franks/France for a good thousand years?
Nobody care :)
@@GoubelinWWWWWWWWWWWW Sacré bleu, un nationaliste français!
@@aaronmarks9366 Absolument pas, juste un voisin Normand. Boujou
@@GoubelinWWWWWWWWWWWW Oooh, lol, got it. Je suis de Californie et nous parlons aussi comme ça sur les Nevadiens ;)
Et hop, on va parler du mont St. Michel... 🌩🔥
William Longsword - hey guys can I be frank with you?
Everyone - we'd rather you were more Norse to be honest
Underrated comment :D
You can still find today remnants of the Vikings in French Normandy : place names, genetics (dolichocphals, tall blond people with blue eyes), impact on the French dialects (the Joret line).
they didnt have a big genetic impact
Lol there is almost no genetic trace, I know the English like to say that the Normans were 100% Scandinavians when only 3-4%😂😂
LOL how misguided! So by your logic anyone blond is a viking decent? So Bretons and those in Pas de Calais are also viking?
Ever been to France? Clearly not....France has MANY regions...and used to have many languages...Normandy is just one of many historic regions....and yes vikings settled there and went all over Europe and yes King of France formed an alliance with vikings...who in turn settled...that was 300 years before Invasion of Britain...These vikings were THOROUGHLY French by that point. Like Europeans who went to America arent European after several generations....William was a vassal to the French king- a duke and he asked permission to invade britain...King sent troops to support William (he was born and died in France by the way..and spoke French..and name was Guillaume, not William...we anglos just scrubbed all the data to our liking to discredit French.
I love hearing about the Normans. :D It's such an interesting mix of viking and latin, savagery and civilized. I really think they hit the best of both worlds.
I'm French Canadian. My ancestors were Pioneers and Vikings. Pretty cool. No wonder i don't abide to the global cabal. It's in my DNA. My last name means BRAVE
@@therantwithgrant2051 The Normans had Papal agents in England undermining King Harold Godwinson. Please do your research and get the real facts. After the Battle of Hastings the English (Anglo Saxon) folks who stood for individual liberty and freedom headed north into the Scottish Lowlands, Northern Ireland and then Appalachia, never, ever giving up their thirst for liberty, which they gained on the new continent!!
Note that "William" is really the *Norman* form of the name. Same goes for Walter/Gautier, Wace/Gace, waste/gaste, warden/gardien, wasp/guêpe, etc. You can see that w/g dichotomy all over the words borrowed into English. It's an isogloss of the dialects from Normandy to Lorraine and isn't from Norse influence (if anything it's from Frankish).
Yes its the same reason English has the word war and guerre or whatever Gar or whatever the word in English would otherwise be.
That’s so cool
Yes! French being Guillieme and Norse being Viljahlmr!
LOL William wasnt called William he was called Guillaume and spoke French! He was French not Frankish...even Germans call France FRANKREICH EMPIRE of the Franks...
From a Frisian friend: Frisians in Netherland and Germany kept their own language, distinct from Dutch and German, up to today.
The assimilation of the Scandinavians into the local Gallo-Romance people, particularly demonstrated in the names of successive Norman rulers, seems very similar to what happened with the Rus' Varangians in Kyivan Rus'. You first had rulers with very Scandinavian names like Helgi (Oleh) and Ingvar (Ihor), followed by rulers with very Slavic names like Sviatoslav.
I think you are definitely in a good position to make a video on the Varangians in Kyivan Rus', particularly since you are at Cambridge. If you ever need assistance, I am sure Dr. Olenka Pevny and the Cambridge Ukrainian Studies Centre will be glad to help you ^_^
Also another particularly interesting case of assimilation & Christianization of alien nobility in far away lands is Bulgars & Huns (both Turkic nomads) in Slavic nations just like Vikings or Rus. Seems that Slavic culture had a very strong foot print.
Danuki L its only the rulers. It went very slowly through generations
The same way the franks went slowly from germanic language similar to german to latin language (french)
Also back in the 1950s 60s original norman language was still alive in rural isolated parts of normandy. Now its a dead language
@@pwnageshow2549 Really? The original Norman dialect of Old Norse, or it's Germanic descendant, survived until the 1950s? I thought it didn't survive the Middle Ages. I do remember reading that *Normaund* (the Norman Langue d'Oïl) survives to this day in certain parts of Normandy and the Channel Islands. What do scholars call the Norman dialect of Old Norse? I would like to read more about it :)
Danuki L yes it was still spocken by a small number of people in normandy back in the 50s 60s. Now its either a dead language or almost dead
You can still learn it in some specific university in normandy. Its called the "norrois". Its similar to icelandish or old danish
Danuki L but to mention at first only the ruling class. the commercial family & family in frequant contact with latin french spoke french. Normans werent duolingo hippies 😆 so it took lot of generations
When norman took over england. They were speaking a old norse dialect. And the anglo saxon could understand to an extent since they are germanics as well. And lot of danes settled there
Its France who took advantage from the fact that normandy accepted to be part of france kindgom. That sent their french citizen there
Normans contributed to the scandinavian influence to english language with old norse. The french arrived later tacking advantage that normandy was now part of them to lazily claim territories
william longsword
( ͡ʘ ͜ʖ ͡ʘ)
kolo Stop it ;)
@@historywithhilbert ok daddy, im sorry
Heil, Biggus Dickus!
Guillame Longue Épée (William Long Sword) was the son of Rollo who had become quickly frenchified. Richard Sans Peur (Richard the Fearless) was the grandson of Rollo and had become completely frenchified
Finally a sponsor I bother checking out! Super cool streaming service!!
Giraffe Awesome glad you liked it man!
I'm of Norman descent myself they're pretty wicked chief.
Talking about the coin, it is indeed Rouen as Rouen’s old roman name was Rotomagus which was probably abbreviated into Rotom. Very interesting video!! Thanks
I absolutely adore your editing.
Great Vid! Nice Work, Thanks! I'm a descendant of Norman-Frankish De Clifford family from Rouen France.
DL Southwell Thank you!
Lol youll do anything NOT to say the word French! Love the discrediting of French but Frankish = French and Normans of 1066 were thoroughly French just like Texas is part of Murica
The Vikings had a lot of Gaul to think they could so easily become French.
🤣
😂😂😂 good one
The Vikings had a lot of england to think they could so easily become english.
Harold Bluetooth fighting with both hands free.
Did he need a dentist ?
Actually, the Vikings *did* invade the British Isles in 1066. That's why King Harold had to rush from Scotland to Hastings.
From Yorkshire 'Stamford bridge' battle to Hastings.
They were not vikings anymore
@@basedkaiser5352 The battle at Stamford Bridge is generally considered the last event of the Viking Age.
Harald Sigurdsson, known as Hardrada and the brother of Harold Godwinson,
Tostig Godwinson invaded Anglo-Saxon England ( no British Isles, yet )
with the Great Viking Army, east of York, England, early September 1066.
Harold and Tostig Godwinson had invaded Wales, together
and Tostig had killed the King of Wales, a year later,
however,
Tostig turned against his brother.. I don't remember why !
The Anglo-Saxons knew how to fight the Vikings, since the victory of Alfred the Great in 878.
Harold Godwinson with his Hauscarls were successful.
Even if the Normans ( Northmen ) were once Vikings themselves,
in 1066, with William the Conqueror, they had different war tactics and weaponry.
It is said that Harold Godwinson had stopped in London before rushing to Hastings...
..... it was a poor decision, he should have rested with the army and wait for reinforcement and supplies...in London , with a possible victory ?!?
However, the Norman Cavalry was the key against the Anglo-Saxons...
Without the Battle of Stamford Bridge William the Bastard would have gone down in history as exactly that, William the Bastard! The Saxons still almost won the battle, and if not for Harold's subcommandor on the the right wing chasing the feigned retreat of the Norman down the hill the battle would have probably ended in a draw, which would have been a victory for the Saxons, as they had the home field advantage and reinforcements on the way!!
14:00 yup "Rotom" refers to "Rothomagus" the latin name of Rouen.
Unlike the Norman Conquest of England (1066), which took a few years after one decisive battle, the conquest of southern Italy was the product of decades and a number of battles, few decisive. Many territories were conquered independently, and only later were unified into a single state. Compared to the conquest of England, it was unplanned and disorganised, but equally complete.
To my surprise this supposedly professional video omitted that the Frankish did SUCCESSFULLY fended off the Vikings twice :
1. Siege of Paris (885 - 886) when the Frankish under leadership of Odo of France fortified Paris
2. Siege of Chartre (911) when Odo’s brother Robert 1st of France and his horsemen stopped the Vikings offensive
So the fact is the Frankish didn’t just gave land and women to the Vikings as suggested by this video. Not even close to history.
Bro you’ve already written something similar. But yea this ‘Oxford student’ is a bit amateur… he didn’t mention Alfred the Great also gave Vikings women and land! (Yorkshire)!
Hmmm, why might he left off that bit of info? Perhaps because the video is 16 minutes long and, the above facts don't directly relate to the theme of the video. By the way, if the Franks fended off the Norsemen, and the Franks didn't give them the lands, how did they then come to rule those lands?
@@brg8960 Very good question.
First, the Frankish horsemen fended off the Vikings at Paris TWICE (885-886 and 911). But they couldn’t expel them out of France. So they came to a comprise : the Franks gave them some land in what we call nowadays Normandy, the Vikings did not enter Paris again. This is very similar to Alfred the Great giving Yorkshire to the Danes.
Interestingly, England which had 4 Viking kings, France had 0 Viking king.
And please remember , Vikings pledged allegiance to French king (and it’s officially recognised by a treaty), they were incorporated into French nobility patchwork.
Of course during medieval times, it’s not like modern centralised state, every vassal enjoyed a certain degree of autonomy.
Hmm, you seem French.
@@Man_of_dirt i’m from Belgium, more precisely from Brussels
Can you make a video about how Latin died and was replaced by Spanish, French, and Italian
And how Latin cases vanished too
How about something on the Flemish in Scotland? As a roundabout scion of Clan Sutherland, it would be of some interest to me.
Carson Kriger Good idea!
There is a book about it! The Flemish scottish connections😉
Thomas Whittingham Funny enough I showed someone who spoke Dutch natively some videos where some people sound really Scottish well let’s say they actually heard a lot of similar words. Seems that Scottish English is very different compared other dialects.
Thomas Whittingham You should also look up Frisian language by spoken Frisians in the Netherlands that being spoken natively because how they speak Frisian sounds very similar on how Scottish people talk.
I'm Flemish, why have i never heard of this before?
Hello from Pays de Caux where they settled and thanks for this remarkable video.
I love learning more about the history of the region my family originated from.
I love how you frequently slip the Dutch national anthem in your videos.
Please do make a video on Norman French - that would be very interesting
Was wondering who was gonna do a video about this topic first, you or History Time!
What is that beautiful font you're using for your headlines?
Also, would have liked more period maps.
I am proud to be Norman/ Anglo- Saxon.
Et il serait intéressant de voir une deuxième vidéo qui explique la suite et la conquête de Guillaume Le Conquérant, son influence culturelle et génétique sur la Grande Bretagne ! Ma famille vient originalement de Trisay (Trisac), en Normandie.
I would really appreciate a video on Law French.
Although the policy of giving Vikings land was smart it was dangerous since they could just use it as a foothold for future invasion
Uh they did. Just look at the plantagenet.
@@htoodoh5770 yeah
It kind of seems weird but smart to use your enemies to fight your enemies
A variety of "If you can't beat your enemy, join him" 😆
@@annabackman3028 exactly
@MUNIK true
I so look forward to the videos you are planning to make on this topic and I've ticked the little bell so that I get all your updates instead of personalized ones. Cheers!
And the Normans found the magic potion. And became undeafetable.
Not sure how many people here know about Astérix.
@@Oxmustube, Obviously more people than you expected. I grew up with Asterix! Still have a couple of albums. Also Tin-Tin😂.
Me? = too old🙄, from Sweden.
Anna Backman I am French Canadian and I also grew up with Astérix and Tintin. I know nothing of Dr Seuss. Exactly the opposite of English Canadians.
@@Oxmustube Dr Seuss? 🤔 Honestly, never heard of.
But Lucky Luke, and the Dalton brothers. 😂Also Belgian, like Tin-Tin.
Anna Backman Dr Seuss is an American author of children books. A few movies about his stories have been made, like "the grinch who stole Christmas" and "Cat in the hat". Very popular in the English world.
Amazing video!
I think one of the most telling things that can be said against the "Normans were Vikings" argument, which it seems, most often springs from a sense of English anti-continentalism, is that the entirety of the cultural changes brought about by the Norman Conquests among the kingdoms of Britain were Frankish in nature.
Now of course it's possible that all the Viking institutions we might have expected the Normans to impose and which are part of Britain, might have already been brought about by Canute's conquest, and by other already present Viking settlers, and there were no more significant Norse cultural adaptations to make. But the Normans effected the most long term changes in England, Scotland and Wales, significantly changing Saxon and Celtic 'dark age' societies into Frankish Feudal Kingdoms. And all those changes were Frankish.
I'm descended from some of the Vikings who settled in the Tosny area of Normandy. Today I believe Tosny is part of an area called Les Trois Lacs. My last name is an Anglicized version of Tosny.
One of my ancestors was Bernard the Dane, brother/companion of Rollo, who took up residence in 'Normandy' in the early 900s. His descendants and my ancestors are the de Harcourts.
It is always good to hear more on how the vikings came to 'Normandy'.
If u claim , how do u know "Rolo" was a Dane ? . Kurt is a believer in relativism / postmodern philosophy , history to fit the contemporary , globalization salvation and the nationstate hell. In the end we all originate from "Adam"/"Eve" .
Where do you live actually sir De Harcourt ( d'Harcourt ? )
I do know that going back so far many years that 'everyone' is related. My bubble was burst many years ago and I take everything with a grain of salt.
My mother's family married a de Harcourt(d'Harcourt) daughter in the early 1700's when the Huguenots started for the New World and settled in today Berks County Pennsylvania, from there they spread west. My branch moved into Perry County, PA.
The line can be traced back son or daughter to parent though remaining records and books(hoping they are true) to Bernard the Dane.
Info on Bernard is spotty at best. Was he a brother or companion of Rollo? Did he even really know Rollo? Who were Bernard's parents? Siblings? No one really knows anything beyond Bernard is a common ancestor of many, many people.
@@KurtFrederiksen even the agent greeks could see through that bullshit
I want to try finding my ancestry. I've done the DNA test and don't really know where to begin. Sir name of Normandin , it seems that most of them went to Canada.
Did some of the Vikings rule the Kievian Rus (Russia) as well?
I know they were in my neighborhood, Arabia. I wouldn't be surprised! I've been considering doing a blood test since my Arab bloodline is from Palestine, but very blonde and blue eyes or other light coloring were known for, though no one can find a 'other' name in the family books. And we have everyone. They may have changed names...
They are actually somewhat related, if i remember the book i will get back to you, but in short the scandinavian vikings and the kievan rus, used to be closely related, and in some instances the scandinavians sought refugee under the rus.
The Rus were Swedish Vikings.
@@isaacolivecrona6114 Mostly but not only, there was also Finnish people who went viking in the slavic east, but also Poles and some Norwegians obviously (like Haraldr Sigurdsson and his brother Olaf before him). I can't recall any famous Danes in the east but given that Danes represented the large bulk of all viking expeditions, no doubt Danes also went east, even though Swedes were most likely the biggest "ethnicity" within the norse population of the Rus.
A note on "Magellan" :
He and his Spanish contingency of soldiers were annihilated by an army of warriors native to Mactan (Southern Philippines) led by a warlord named Lapu-Lapu, in a tiny battle that was due to an agreement that Magellan entered into with another ruling warlord stipulating that this warlord shall open the doors of his turf to Magellan if he manages to annihilate Lapu-Lapu, which he didn't and paid with his and his troop's life in the hands of his opponent. Only the friar witnessing the event, and a handful of ship crew left behind made their escape. There is however, no extant records (?) as to the whereabouts of Magellan's body nor of it's resting place.
Sorry, I thought about putting this in since "Magellan TV" was mentioned in the intro credits.
My apologies.
1:57 - About the earlier viking age start on the VIII century (maybe something about Orkeyar), I'd like to know more about that on following videos for sure.
Orkneyjar*
How about a video about the Vikings that went East? The Rus
Hi, I really like your videos. How do you make the drawings and animations of the videos?
You didn't include that they were first offered Flanders!
Vankelsteg I didn’t know that!
History With Hilbert nonetheless a great video!
And why did they refuse it?
"I don't like Flanders. It's rough and course and irritating and it gets everywhere..."
Stupid Flanders...
why would have Rollo been offered flanders by the king of the franks of the west?? Rollo had no military success or positions there. What is your source? The offering of the region or Rouen (Rollo has not been even offered the whole current normandy, only a small portion of it, further extensions came later) is the result of a military status quo in the region of Rouen and Valley de la Seine, Rollo was not able to get decisive military advantage in the progress toward Paris and on the other hand the king of the franks was not able to regain authority on the Neustrie globally (not only the part controlled by Rollo). So it was a win-win agreement, I do not see what Flanders has to do in the process. And even the Saint Clair sur Epte pact is not even proven to have been formerly approved by both parties, there are serious hypothesis that consider it to be just a proposal of negotiation and never signed off, just finally concretising itself on the terrain, pragmatically lets say. The give away may have been approved later. I personally sincerely doubt that Rollo the pagan would have given any kind of importance to a written treaty. Lots of historians here in Normandy consider this treaty is a myth.
Too bad for English who prefer to say that they were conquered by hmmm... "Viking descents" rather than by French. And apart of Normans, a large share of William's army were French nobles from other provinces attracted by the promise of loot and land.
Well it’s not untrue as the Norman conquerors did have a Viking origin, but yes culturally they were French and they brought with them mercenaries from France
@@Ramdingle007 Indeed, the Duke of Bretagne, as well as William's father-in-law the count of Flandres (another french guy) provided quite a chunk of troops.
In addition, the next Dynasty of english kings were the Plantagenet. Hard to sound frenchier :-D
Henry II Plantagenet was actually the son of a french count of Anjou whose mother was a deposed Norman queen of England. She tried all of life to take the throne back, and her son inherited her claim. The guy married Alienor of Aquitaine, who was french as well.
But yeah, it does not go well to the english legend that some french never ruled or conquered them.
@@gasmagourian so english nobility were dominated by french nobles?
heru wahyono actually let’s say french & norman descendants. But is that so surprising? Current England crown is in the hands of the germanic Saxe-Cobourg-Gotha house for instance. Owning a crown has never been a question of nationality.
It's not because 100 vikings settled in Normandy that the Normands became all vikings. The Normands are Celto frankish, as we see by their names, their rules, their customs, their civilisation ant their architecture. It's amazing to see that Normands lived in castles and prayed in the biggest churchs and cathedrals of Europe when primitive vikings lived in huts of wood. This means Normands have nothing in common with vikings. But of course, some crazy and stupid story fakers prefer pretend England was invaded by vikings instead of frankish (french) Normands.
My family is from the north of France on my mom's side. And my father's side is from Scotland, and Scandanavia/Ireland. I have alot of Scandinavian in my family. And I'm extremely proud of it. And also a small amount of basque/berber.
I think you are more american than anything else because you have a mom instead of a mum.
Basque through the Irish
Is that danheim music I here in the beginning of the vid? Awsome music. Very interesting vid
Matthew Read You’ve got a good ear ;) Thank you!
@@historywithhilbert I do, you should check out runefell the whole album is absolutely stunning. can you do a colab bid with survive the jive?
England kept the Norman spirit alive the most
Excellent VIDEO!
Correction. William longsword was born in Scandinavia. Maybe Norway i think.
My reasons that cultural change wasnt as fast as people say, because you get the impression that they stepped off the boat and started wearing berets and eating bagettes.
I think the 4th?? Duke of Normandy was imprisoned for taking on too many french aires, and they had to get one of rollo's surviving companions to get him out safely. Edit (i shouldve kept watching before commenting)
I think the 3rd and fourth dukes were brothers so we aren't talking generations
A letter between the french and English kings complaining that the normans were trading with Scandinavian raiders for booty captured in england
In the Icelandic sagas the characters have a great knowledge of their familys in the old counrty. Because they were always going back to dispute inheritances. Circumstancial i know.
That Norman-French is a thing to this day
The raven banners on the beyaux tapestry
And do you think this is where the french started eating horse?
Best of luck to you and yours
yeah and the Normans called themselves "Franks" on that same Bayeux tapestry...
@@fireandblood8142 Adam Roodog is right about Longsword, he was born even before Normandy.
@@fireandblood8142 And also : Battle of Varaville . So french ....
@@michelissou6523 Yet the normans identified well as french in the Bayeux tapestry and in a law by Guillaume the Conqueror
@@clement7652 Norman Black raven flags were not ''french'' !
8:40 *cough * and Sweden
no
Disco The Ray I know that the Swedish vikings were further east starting the foundation of the kievanrus, the mother of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. But we weren’t in Normandie. Nevertheless you will hear cities with a district called haga.
My dad's family is from Guernsey, the channel islands are all that remain of the loyal duchy of Normandy. Great place to visit.
the duke of Normandy was a vassal to the king of France, so no, Guernsey and Jersey are technically disloyal.
lsq78 Plantagenets are the rightful Kings of France dont at me 😂
@@lsq7833 The channel islands were not under French control, and the Dukes acted independently from France. The islands were directly controlled by the Dukes of Normandy, and later the Kings of England. The islands were given over to the Anglo-Normans by treaty. The notion that the Dukes of Normandy were vassals to France is historically dubious.
@@8thLegio The Plantagenets were only partially Norman, and initially by marriage, and they also were only distantly related to the French royal family. The Platagenets were originally from Anjou, and had connections to Aquitaine.
@@bobjoe7508 The duchy of Normandy was de jure part of the kingdom of Francia, and the king of England paid hommage to the king of France for the duchy of Normandy (and later for the duchy of Aquitaine as well).
My surname is norman, "pierpoint" apparently pier means bridge, point means stone/rock, im indistinguishable from your average English bloke though, nothing special until I looked into the history, keep it up Hilbert, love the vids 🤙
I think its an evolution of Pierrepont which is a common French name, it means Stone Bridge, your ancester probably lived or worked near by a Stone Bridge. :')
Nick Pierpoint Interesting background! Quite a few Norman names kicking around in England today. Thanks for sharing man 🔥
like gipcambero stated, you got those reversed but interesting nonetheless.
The Old Norse for 'bridge' is spelled bru / bro. So, sorry, not likely.
It's very commonly used on rune stones, so there's no reason to argue. Like:
"Iarlabanki let ræisa stæina þessa at sik kvikvan ok bro þessa gærði fyr and sina ok æin atti Tæby allan"
In "normal" Swedish:
"Jarlabanke lät resa dessa stenar efter sig medan han levde, och han gjorde denna bro för sin själ, och han ägde ensam hela Täby"
In English, word by word:
"Jarlabanke let raise these stones for himself alive, and he made this bridge for his soul, and he owned alone whole Täby"
"Jarlabanke let raise these stones, whilst alive, and had these bridges made to prevent his soul, and he was the owner of the whole Täby area."
He was a very powerful man in the areas north of today's Stockholm, at that time filled with water sick parts that were difficult to pass through. Only wealthy men could afford to have such as much and difficult work done, and he wanted to brag about it. "Christian"("to prevent his soul").
Most rune stones are raised in memory of brave men, usually dead far away from home, whereof "Frankland", "Saxland" and "England", "Miklagård"= Istanbul, "Kiev" are among the mentioned.
Only rich and famous people had stones raised when they still were alive, an obvious statement of their own importance.
Interesting is that his father's mother, Estrid, had stones raised over her first husband, Östen (Jarlabanke's father's father), her sons Ingefast (Jarlabanke's father), Gag, and one Ingvar who was Jarlabanke's half uncle and another Ingvar who was her second husband, and Ragnvald, her stepson.
She had the stone after Gag raised together with his father Östen. On one stone after her husband Östen you can read "Estrid let raise these stones after Östen, her husband, who traveled to Jerusalem and died in Greece".
"Greece" was the old Byzantine Empire, the eastern part of Rome, where Konstantinopel was the capital, by the northmen called "Miklagård", which meant something like "the rich city" or a good place for trading.
Indeed a rich and powerful family.
By the way, northmen was well seen as hired soldiers and guards of the Byzantium emperors and there are two different rune carvings in Hagia Sofia (Istanbul) and one on a three meters tall marble lion in Venice. That lion stood originally in the Old Greek city Piraeus.
Also, there are more Arabic coins (from that era) found in Sweden than in the Arabic areas. Loots or earned money from the Byzantine guard, hidden so it wouldn't be stolen and of some reasons not been dug up again.
OK, so here's a *decisive argument* as to why Rollo french-ified.
And let's be frank here. If you had a choice :
- do you prefer a petite brunette who knows how to cook for you ?
- or Hilga Heavyset, the feminist nut-cracker from Norway ? 🤔🤨🤔🤫
Hey! I saw that Frankish overlord meme on reddit yesterday
Stolen content :O
Very interesting. Would like to visit.
5:10 of this video explained briefly but clearly how and why rollo accepted the peace deal proposed by charles the simple
The Italo-normans are my favorite part of Norman history. The battle of Cerami is one of the most underrated battles in history.
That was the battle that flipped the Pope, and eventually lead to the Normans invading England!
vikings couldn’t sack paris (defended by Odo of France from 885 to 886) and chartres (defended by Robert 1 of france in 911) but the french couldn’t expel them either (the french did manage to defeat them). There was a stalemate. Thus the french proposed a deal and the vikings took it. Win-win. The french didn’t just bribe the vikings. They did show to vikings that although we can’t kick you out of france, we can still manage to resist your attacks.
The Normans were a cool people.
awesome content
The traité of Saint clair sur Epte only came about after the army of Hrolf (rollo) was thrashed by Frankish forces at Chartres. He basically had no choice but swear his fealty to the Frankish kings in exchange for his life and that of his men. Charles the Simple (in old french, simple meant: honnest or sincere, not idiot) proved to be a shrewd negociator, and prevented his kingdom being ravaged again. Well played, Charles.
However, when Charles the Simple died,
Hrôlfr believed that his oath to the Franksih King was terminated.
He then attacked the towns west to Rouen, up to Bayeux, to extend his ''empire'' !
He even married Poppa of Bayeux, to back up his dominance/influence in Normandy.
With the years, the Normans would managed to take over the entire Normandy region.
The Frankish King were powerless.
Nice 👍 work
Watch Vikings and you know it.
Great video! Do you have a source for the brief relapse to Norse paganism in the early years of Richard I's reign? I had never heard of that and I'm interested in learning more.
Thank you.
Hey wheres that video about the Viking age starting in Eastern Europe?
Didn't William Longsword conquer Avrenchin and the Cotentin from the Kingdom of Brittany so that the granting of this land by the French King was just recognizing the de-facto situation on the ground with a post-facto title?
Don't forget the fact that the Normans had a considerably tenuous relationship with France. We don't have any surviving copies of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, so the notion that Normandy was a French Vassal is dubious to say the least, and without the surviving documents its pretty much impossible to say what their original relationship with France was. We know that William actively fought against the King of France, and they were very keen on keeping their independence. The title of Duke did not exist at the time of William, he still would have been called Count, probably Count of Rouen. The Norman language split into several varieties, with Anglo-Norman being the best attested. All the varieties of Norman have grammatical and considerable vocabulary differences in comparison to Old or Middle French. Considering the lack of standardization at the time, and combined with considerably different pronunciation, French and Norman would not have particularly mutual ineligible, especially with an Anglo-Norman speaker who had grown up entirely surrounded by Anglo-Norman speakers and not speakers of French. Hell, Anglo-Norman speakers probably had a pretty damn hard time communicating with their continental cousins by the time 1250 rolled around with they never spent time in Normandy. The culture of Normandy was quiet different from their southern French counterparts in the middle ages, and God help them if they tried speaking to a Sicilian. However, France forcibly conquered Normandy between 1202 and 1204, and continental Norman came into direct contact with French and heavily borrowed from French, abandoning much of the old vocabulary still used in Anglo-Norman. Anglo-Norman started to decline in usage around 1350, and was largely extinct by 1400, although some might have spoken it into 1450 or so. It's not entirely known how long Norman was spoken in Sicily, 100 years, 200 years? It's not really clear, but it was totally isolated from French or other varieties of Norman, and was in direct contact with both Arabic and Italian, two languages that had already had distinct regional forms by the time the Normans showed up. French wasn't a concise language during the middle ages, and wasn't standardized until the days of the Third Republic, hell it wasn't even the official language of France until the 1500's. French was never the official language of England, and apart from a few kings actually born in the Kingdom of France, pretty much no one spoke it or understood it in England. The Normans were fiercely independent in their language, culture, and territory, and were very much not French. Hell, the Bayeux Tapestry, still indicates William using Drakar style Longships in 1066, over a hundred years after Scandinavian settlement. It's not clear how many Scandinavians settled in Normandy, but enough to completely change the language over a very short amount of time and develop a very unique cultural identity.
😂😂😂😂 Norman= french
English frustrated
How Vikings became: French, Celtic, Spanish, Greek, welsh, etc. Best ships, port cities, prostitution, ancient slave trade ( rus and slavs).
Bravo avec ton accent français !
I discovered doing family genealogy that I have 11th Century Norman ancestors
Very interesting I just found out my ancestors were on that voyage in 1066 , Cribbs' my father always said we were from Ireland but could've been Denmark or Norway, however Viking ancesters.. Thanks for the history video
Do a video on Norman French please!!
10:45 actually Richard has an equivalent old norse name, Ríkharðr
Yep, and since the Frankish tongue had also germanic roots, like Norse, it seems a natural choice for a Norse-Frankish dude. 😏
When Rollo and Charles the Simple met, rather than paying homage to him, the former grabbed the Frankish King's feet and falled him back from his seat.
The Frankish Knights all draw their swords to encircle him, but to everyone's surprise, Charles laughs and seems amused at the situation, and so follow the Franks and Rollo himself.
And that's how they started to get along.
N'importe quoi , c'est pas dû tout l'histoire
@@adelaidesngan604 Dans ce cas, raconte la vraie histoire.
@@tibsky1396 quand Rollon a été vaincu au siège de Chartres et que toute son armée a été anéanti le rois de France profita de sa position de force pour faire un traité avec lui, Rollon devait se convertir au christianisme et protéger la seine des vikings, il devait rendre hommage et prêté serment au rois de France au lui baisant le pied, mais Rollon refusa et demanda a l'un de ces hommes de le faire, le conpagnon de Rollon s'avança et souleva le pied du roi qui tomba a la renverse.. et tout le monde c'est mit à rire
@@adelaidesngan604 Ah ok
Really underevaluated baguette girl at 0:05
Cool video
So if they spoke if Latin language. Then Latin must’ve been spoken in all of Europe for most of Europe, because Latin is the language they spoke in Rome as well Latin is also a language that was spoken in Spain. And I speak Spanish and I speak a little French, and I have noticed that when I go from French to Spanish all I do is change a letter the sound of a letter but the word almost sounds so similar. For instance in French they say Como Talley vu , in Spanish we say cómo estás tu . If you say them both in the language one right after the other. You can hear the slight difference in both phrases. And so I’ve always wondered why Spanish Italian and French and Portuguese sounds so very similar and you can almost identify what it means when someone is speaking to you because if you speak Spanish or French you can hear the slight differences in all these languages. So did they all derive from Latin . Or all these people the same and just spread out throughout Europe and create a different languages. I speak Hebrew as well Hebrew and Arabic are very similar as well. I work for Jewish and Arabic jewelers, For 15 years and I realize their language is very similar I learn to speak it. I just wonder where all these languages originally appeared from.
Rollo the walker founded Normandy.
Alabama Sword.
Rollo is Rouler in Cajun French (Louisiana) Laissez les bons temps rouler.
Let the good times roll. Some of the Cajun ancestors are named Roland in English now.
This "Rollo" was actually named 'Rolf'.
He had a nickname among the Northmen "Gånge-Rolf", meaning 'Walking Rolf' because he was so tall that his feet was still on the ground when he sat on a horse, so he had to walk anyway. I take it as the rumour was slightly exaggerated... 😁
Anna Backman exagerated not necessarily, I’ve been told that the point is norse horses were more like poneys compared to horses in southern regions or countries (maybe due to the tough climate). That could explain this surname because without being extraordinarily tall he could still have his feet touching the ground when riding a small horse.
A mix of Germanic, Latin, Greek, And Celtic yeah
I know you are a history major, but are you also minoring in language or something? All your accents and pronunciations are great!
Seamus McFlanery I’m actually studying Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic which is an interdisciplinary mix of languages history and literature all together though the languages I study are all dead. I do know some modern languages though My French is terrible ;)
@@historywithhilbert Do you have any tips or sources for learning Celtic languages? I want to learn Scotch Gaelic but there really isn't much literature in terms of learning it.
@@Gonboo Duolingo has recently come out with a Scottish Gaelic course. Not sure how good it is yet, but worth checking out :)
@@historywithhilbert nonsense! I speak French as a primary language and you sound like a native! I'm impressed! I find it interesting that Québecois French sounds more like the original Norman French however than current Parisian French.
@@Gonboo wish there was more on Manx to be honest. Seems like it would of been a hub of cultural exchange back during this time. I haven't seen much on the Viking Sea Kings based out of there such as Maccus of Man.
You should make a video on the Dutch history of New York. It would be very interesting.
Even old New York was once New Amsterdam...
Do it as a ancestor of mine was a dutch colonist
it was out post not flegging citiy. Engflish made it a city.
They basically just assimilated over time
Vikings: raid shadow legends time!
No
What's your favourite thing about this period?
You could do a video about every people or folk in Europa like this. Without an exception you could say that geneticly Europeans are still about 75% stone Age hunter gatherers. After that period, around 7,000 years ago proto Europeans moved in (probably celts) to the Netherlands, to be followed by germans around 3,000 years ago. They make up about 20% of our genetic make-up. About 1500 years after the first germanic people moved in they were assimilated and replaced by another group of nordic germans who took the name of the land but who brought their culture and language with them. So most Europeans are still mostly cave dwellers, with a light celto-germanic sauce here and a Slavic dressing there.
@History With Hilbert did you ever make that video about Richard the 1st Duke of Normandy?
Can look ask you did many of the Norman families settle around the Scottish boarders in the 11th century ?
13:07 Bluetooth from across the sea!
You didn't add in the remaining P-Celtic peoples in north of France(Brittony) from the days when Rome fought the Celts thru out Iberia & Gaul/France N. Italy
France is celtic
Is it wrong to go weak when Hilbert speaks Old Norse? 😜
atheodora lastname 😂👍
So CuriosityStream or Magellan?