USMLE Neurology 22 Neuro Pathology: Demyelinating Diseases (MS, Guillain-Barre and More)

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/ lymed Welcome to LY Med, where I go over everything you need to know for the USMLE STEP 1, with new videos every day.
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Jumping off our last video, we will now talk about some demyelinating pathology. There are a host of demyelinating diseases and they all do the same thing: destroy your myelin and thus your nerves!
We start with a few CNS diseases that come from infections, such as those associated with JC virus (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) and measles (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis).
Next we start talking about inherited disorders like lysosomal storage diseases and adrenoleukodystrophy, which occurs due to an inability to break down very long chain fatty acids.
We will later touch on osmotic demyelination syndrome before hitting our major topics, including multiple sclerosis. MS is probably the most common demyelinating disease. We will discuss it's presentation, as well as lab and image findings, including myelin basic protein in the CSF and oligoclonal bands. Lastly, we finish our talk on MS with a discussion on pharmacology.
Moving from there, we discuss Guillain-Barre. Guillain Barre is also very common and likely follows an infection. It causes symmetrical ascending paralysis. Another disease that follows an infection is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
We finish this video with a quick discussion on Charcot Marie Tooth Disease, and transverse myelitis.