The Incredible Neolithic Finds At The Ness Of Brodgar | Digging For Britain

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  • Опубликовано: 14 мар 2024
  • In this episode of Digging For Britain, Professor Alice Roberts is at the National Museum of Scotland to unravel the mysteries behind Britain's past. Venture to Orkney, where the Ness of Brodgar emerges as a pivotal Neolithic site, shedding light on ancient rituals and trade routes. Discover the remnants of a sacred temple complex and delve into the significance of broken artifacts, hinting at ceremonial practices. From Roman forts to Viking boat burials, witness the captivating tales unearthed by dedicated archaeologists.
    Welcome to Unearthed History -- the home for all things archaeological! From ancient Roman ruins to buried medieval mysteries, we'll be bringing you award-winning documentaries that explore the remnants of long lost civilizations.
    Subscribe so you don't miss out.
    To get in touch please email: owned-enquiries@littledotstudios.com.
    #UnearthedHistory #Archaeology #Documentary

Комментарии • 260

  • @coreyjudd4676
    @coreyjudd4676 2 месяца назад +71

    Wait a minute, that's Matt!!
    Look at you out of the dig, all respectable and whatnot!!
    So happy to see you!

  • @marthawolfsen5809
    @marthawolfsen5809 2 месяца назад +33

    My husband and I spent a week on Orkney. Not only is the archaeology amazing but the living people are wonderful and welcoming!

    • @user-nm9hw6sw4m
      @user-nm9hw6sw4m 2 месяца назад

      sad thing is most of those people are english

  • @thomasbernecky2078
    @thomasbernecky2078 2 месяца назад +34

    Fetch the Spikey Point! Hiya Matt! It's like seeing an old friend by surprise. Matt's a great addition to an already good series. Glad to see all those years cheerfully doing the work paid off.

    • @animerlon
      @animerlon 2 месяца назад +7

      I watched another episode before this & was crafting, so not keeping my eyes on the screen & got a pleasant surprise to look up & see the guy i was listening to was Matt. As you say, it was like unexpectedly running into an old friend. I just wish they had given him more face time. He barely said anything & he had actually worked at one (at least) site they talk about.

  • @animerlon
    @animerlon 2 месяца назад +28

    I'm disappointed Matt didn't get to participate more in the presentation. It was just a token presence & involvement. I'm sure Time Team did an episode at Johnathan's cave, cause i seem to remember Phil & Raksha being there, so it's likely Matt was too. Even if he wasn't, the producers could have had him mention their time there. (gonna have to try to find the episode to see if my old brain remembered correctly 😄) It's great to see him anyway, even if it was a token appearance.
    EDIT: So i went looking & am pleased to say my memory didn't fail me. Matt was there, but didn't work in Johnathan's cave itself, Phil & Raksha did, he worked in what is called the Well cave. Interestingly, he had to wait till they finished the laser scan before he could start, so he was probably there when the clip they showed of it was filmed. I don't see why they couldn't give Matt a minute, or even 30 seconds to talk about it. 😞

    • @harrybruijs2614
      @harrybruijs2614 2 месяца назад +1

      Probably edited out

    • @animerlon
      @animerlon 2 месяца назад

      @@harrybruijs2614 If they did, that's even worse, & sadder than not filming him in the first place. 😞

  • @Watcher1852
    @Watcher1852 2 месяца назад +20

    GOOD TO SEE U MATT, GREAT VIDEO, SHARE, SHARE THANK U BOTH

  • @williscopeland7114
    @williscopeland7114 2 месяца назад +8

    6:05 Perhaps to make Occam happy, a simpler explanation for the broken mace heads is that they simply broke during use. Most mace heads do. Further, it’s reasonable to believe that the craftsman who lovingly used it for many years would want to discard or “bury” it in some respectful way.

    • @fghjjjk
      @fghjjjk 2 месяца назад +1

      However in the Bronze age and Iron age items such as swords were ritually broken and deposited mainly in water. An example being Llyn Cerrig Bach on Anglesey. So it stands to reason, and Occam's razor that this also happened in times previous to the Bronze age!

  • @davidelder756
    @davidelder756 2 месяца назад +7

    Ah, Matt; Time Team's go to lad for living experiments. Remember his rivetting performance as a Roman slave?

  • @fiendlybrds
    @fiendlybrds 2 месяца назад +14

    Hey look it’s that young guy from time team!

  • @az956
    @az956 2 месяца назад +8

    ❤️Still crushing on Matt❤️

  • @crouchingsmartass
    @crouchingsmartass 2 месяца назад +24

    I love seeing them still doing shows for the public. Time Team will always be one of my all-time favorite shows. I've seen every episode probably 20 times or more!

  • @doncook2054
    @doncook2054 2 месяца назад +5

    Brilliant show; love all the new (for use) history being unearthed. And; all of it showing us again, that the Victorian view of "Cavemen" - that was requited verbatim for so many years - was as solidly true as their actual morality.

  • @ginnygin7141
    @ginnygin7141 2 месяца назад +4

    I really enjoy the mix of women and men in this field. Men seem to have more of the director positions but its refreshing to see so many intelligent and adventurous women doing this important and fascinating work.
    Side note: Those ponies must have been bummed when the ice was gone and they realized they were stuck on a fuckin island with a bunch of people coming over all the time for a lovely day of hunting and picnicking

  • @lovelyskull3483
    @lovelyskull3483 2 месяца назад +5

    I adore these videos, thank you.

  • @czgator9000
    @czgator9000 2 месяца назад +5

    Matt from Time Team is one of the presenters. Could have gone a bit more in depth on the sites.

  • @morganowen875
    @morganowen875 2 месяца назад +1

    What a great job people!! Thank you for your invaluable great work.

  • @deanmc178
    @deanmc178 2 месяца назад +3

    fantastic viewing alice and mathew , keep digging

  • @angelafoxmusic7265
    @angelafoxmusic7265 2 месяца назад

    Great show. Thankyou.

  • @macgonzo
    @macgonzo 2 месяца назад +1

    @unearthed history - Thank you for sharing these. It would be great if you could put a note, even if only in the description, to say when these episodes were first broadcast.

  • @tomjenkins1405
    @tomjenkins1405 6 дней назад

    Great program. Thanks. Good job to the lady narrator too.

  • @judithmacfadzen9516
    @judithmacfadzen9516 2 месяца назад +1

    Love this!

  • @markperrault5678
    @markperrault5678 2 месяца назад +1

    FANTASTIC

  • @belwynne1386
    @belwynne1386 2 месяца назад +4

    I love Alice, but yes, more Matt.

  • @richiephillips1541
    @richiephillips1541 Месяц назад

    Excellent!

  • @user-do5ft8rr6s
    @user-do5ft8rr6s 2 месяца назад +2

    Wonderful. Deserving of more subscribers. Cheers.

  • @kenhart6330
    @kenhart6330 Месяц назад

    Just watched you when you were in Modbury Matt working for the Time Team program. I do like my obsession with history which began with TT. Watching and reading about the history of Britain has been something that I've liked doing since I was at school during the sixties. This is something that I would have liked to have done, but circumstances didn't allow that.

  • @killeresk
    @killeresk 2 месяца назад

    Great show.

  • @fester73666
    @fester73666 2 месяца назад

    A very interesting video Alice and Matt 👍👍

  • @glendamears3618
    @glendamears3618 2 месяца назад +1

    WOW Amazing

  • @RoseCarroll-pk6mt
    @RoseCarroll-pk6mt 2 месяца назад +1

    Thank you

  • @maeve4686
    @maeve4686 2 месяца назад +2

    Is this at the house featured on Time Team where they did a 3 day dig, with great finds ,one being a huge soap stone shallow bowl, broken on one side? There was a lot more to find, but TT had that 3 day limit...

  • @ironcladranchandforge7292
    @ironcladranchandforge7292 2 месяца назад +1

    Hey, it's Matt!! Great to see you, 😁.

  • @ForrestAnna
    @ForrestAnna 2 месяца назад +3

    Lovely

  • @havingalook2
    @havingalook2 2 месяца назад +3

    Excellent as always, and love to see Matt.

  • @CrackleCat
    @CrackleCat 2 месяца назад

    Deep respect.

  • @MrTorleon
    @MrTorleon 2 месяца назад +3

    Another very well presented episode - always interesting and informative, if as inevitably somewhat dated, and with a number of these digs a fair percentage of new evidential discoveries have been found, both skeletal and artifacts since this episode was recorded.
    I felt slightly uncomfortable and unhappy with the structures at The Ness of Brodgar being called a Neolithic Cathedral - the term ( for me ) simply doesn`t sit right, and rather unimaginative I would have thought.
    However, still enjoyable to watch - but I would like to see a bit more medieval archeology - a period which is often overlooked :(

  • @timmatheny-lo9ze
    @timmatheny-lo9ze Месяц назад

    Cool content. Thank you! The lady showing the items 6:54 looks like she’s wearing a swatch style watch! Retro/cool.

  • @slavaukraini404
    @slavaukraini404 Месяц назад

    Eivor must sing at the location to make it even more awesome. She is an authentic Viking Princess. Anything Viking and Eivor comes into my head. Has much Archaeology been done on the Faroe Islands I wonder? Must look.

  • @mikefule330
    @mikefule330 2 месяца назад

    Unusual to see a longship with a gaff rig in the thumbnail. The longship, in common with other ships of the era and region, had a square rig.

  • @paulpaul246
    @paulpaul246 2 месяца назад

    I'm getting ready to watch the show and I appreciate the warning because loud commercials wherever they're at are obnoxious

  • @EmbraceTheJourney
    @EmbraceTheJourney 2 месяца назад +1

    thank you for another great video filled with historic artifacts and history

  • @seantice
    @seantice 2 месяца назад

    on point

  • @colinvannurden3090
    @colinvannurden3090 2 месяца назад

    That well is impressive.

  • @MarlaBlair-ys2zu
    @MarlaBlair-ys2zu 2 месяца назад +2

    Don't complain about a few seconds of commercial; that's one way to pay for this program. Sit down and enjoy the show.

  • @Mondegreen2020
    @Mondegreen2020 2 месяца назад

    I had no idea the vikings played cricket! 🏏 5:40

  • @SamtheIrishexan
    @SamtheIrishexan 2 месяца назад +1

    That Neolithic site shows us they were much more advanced than we thought. Those flat stones are not naturally that flat. Those mace heads would have required a harder rock, and that broken one has a perfectly drilled circle in it. How?

  • @Luddite1
    @Luddite1 Месяц назад +1

    Great to see Matt the timeteam mascot doing well ! And no sign of a slave outfit in sight !
    Superb especially the goodnight from 😂😂

  • @patrickoshea-el9fu
    @patrickoshea-el9fu 2 месяца назад +2

    The stone mace heads the grooves are for fixing with leather straps they are soaked wraped then dryed to contract i beleive my theory is sound

  • @craigdutton6072
    @craigdutton6072 2 месяца назад

    Any type of digging for anything old or ancient is exciting as I could want lol 😂 I only dig old bottles up ⬆️ but I still get to study 📖 it keep it and show it to others 😂

  • @wiretamer5710
    @wiretamer5710 2 месяца назад +4

    Here is a cat to put among the pigeons. Instead of the discarded mace heads being a ritual cache. They are simply a collection of broken tools collected by a child. Just as kids collected shrapnel during WW2.

  • @gregedmand9939
    @gregedmand9939 2 месяца назад +25

    If you think these are new digs: bear in mind this is a ten-year-old episode.

    • @Andy_Babb
      @Andy_Babb 2 месяца назад +10

      I do wish they’d put the episode numbers in the description. Fortunately, Alice’s voice is ageless lol but I do prefer the style of the first couple seasons and the recent change back to that style in the most recent season.
      I’m from Massachusetts so we RARELY get the newest episodes of you Brits’s history and archeology series until a year or two later. I’m always looking online for what new series are out over there so I can try my best to find a way to watch lol

    • @themysteryofbluebirdboulevard
      @themysteryofbluebirdboulevard 2 месяца назад +3

      @@Andy_Babb hey (as a Mainer) I just searched the Alice Roberts playlist. It's there!

    • @bryanphillips1432
      @bryanphillips1432 2 месяца назад +3

      Which is why i prefer when educational shows include dates alongside events likes digs and discovery

    • @Andy_Babb
      @Andy_Babb 2 месяца назад +3

      @@bryanphillips1432 I agree. It’s not like the end of the world, but it is nice to have some context as to when the dig happened.

    • @s3xyt874
      @s3xyt874 2 месяца назад +1

      yea...it doesn't matter though because it takes em 5-10 years to remove a couple of shovel fulls of dirt...; milking the public purse ya know.

  • @LotsofWhatever
    @LotsofWhatever 16 дней назад

    Tony Wilmott was on Time Team a few times.
    And I think Time Team was at those caves for ine episode.

  • @avysark2034
    @avysark2034 Месяц назад

    This woman doesn't age. 51 years old and as stunning as ever.

  • @catherinenewman6516
    @catherinenewman6516 2 месяца назад

    When my now adult children were small we spent a week on Harris huge fantastic beaches on which to play . Lots of sheep and teedweavers in Nissen huts lots of abandoned cars by the roadside

  • @deangriffith6862
    @deangriffith6862 2 месяца назад

    I think it was abandoned over night because the occupiers were routed and quite literally drove into the sea and the victors enjoyed the spoils of war, they feasted for many months in celebration of their victory

  • @fcwt101
    @fcwt101 Месяц назад

    Thank you for the respectful, reasonable length commercial. I'm going to the break room to buy a Reese's.

  • @mattantonelli4273
    @mattantonelli4273 2 месяца назад

    Just brilliant work and research

  • @keikairin2038
    @keikairin2038 Месяц назад

    I always thought the Vikings buried the things that they wanted to 'return to the earth' or that they couldn't agree on who would inherit it...after its owner died.
    Maybe it was ceremonial. They didn't intend to need it to go back to where they were born.

  • @peterjorgensen1086
    @peterjorgensen1086 2 месяца назад +6

    If anyone's interested I strongly recommend Schwerpunkt's langskip video

  • @frederickgent1918
    @frederickgent1918 Месяц назад

    Can we say that some of these markings are signatures of the builder/designer as it is with the Thatcher's with their reed roof 🤔

  • @SamtheIrishexan
    @SamtheIrishexan 2 месяца назад

    Most ancient sites for sure are on the parts of the continental shelf that is already underwater. The water rose drastically and most paleo sites would have been near the sea and thats where the flood comes from

  • @tomjenkins1405
    @tomjenkins1405 6 дней назад

    Could use some art of what the site looked like in its day. Is the drawing guy from time team still around?

  • @dianeknight4839
    @dianeknight4839 Месяц назад

    I remember when you were student archaeologists on time team. If I remember rightly Alice had pink hair.

  • @resourcedragon
    @resourcedragon 2 месяца назад +1

    That Neolithic material from Orkney is fascinating and it's got a lot of stories behind it that are still untold.
    If I wanted a rock to bash people on the noggin I'd look around for a suitably sized stone and pretty much use it as is. If I were gong to do a lot of noggin bashing I might work some indentations into the stone so that I'd be less likely to drop it during a busy session. The amount of work on the stone with the almost grenade-like working on it suggests to me that it was not a regular weapon. Even the fist-enhancer doesn't strike me as a practical regular weapon.
    In both cases (and with many of the other artifacts that were shown) someone put a _lot_ of work into making them, work that, at least in some cases, didn't add to the functionality. That suggests that those people had means of feeding and clothing themselves that left them enough time that they could build astonishing structures and also put huge amounts of time and work into working stone into fine, decorative objects. And that raises some very interesting questions regarding Neolithic economies and means of production.
    Regarding the "altar" stone in the remains of the temple or "cathedral", I suddenly thought that it and a number of other standing stones from that period are not pillar or spike shaped but rather door shaped. The tops of those "doors" tend to be a bit skew-whiff these days but they may have been more rectilinear when they were made - or perhaps the oblique tops had a meaning for the people who erected them. Doors in turn might represent a passage from one reality into another. I'm just speculating here but I'd be interested to know if the experts have speculated on this question.

  • @jeffreychristopher5953
    @jeffreychristopher5953 2 месяца назад +2

    I remember in the animated film " Beowulf " the lead character voiced by actor Ray Winstone tells a tale of fighting a tribe of Giants from Orkney, l know Hollywood films tend to take a lot of poetic license but is there any truth in terms of mythological significance to that claim in the film ? Were there giants supposedly living on Orkney ?

    • @rachelhenderson2688
      @rachelhenderson2688 2 месяца назад +1

      Not that I have ever heard; and we have been there several times. Sounds like the well-known Hollywood poetic licence!

    • @jeffreychristopher5953
      @jeffreychristopher5953 2 месяца назад +2

      @@rachelhenderson2688 Thank you for clearing that up, lm only 6 foot 2 inches l don't think l could deal with a giant LOL 😂

  • @alistairriggs5911
    @alistairriggs5911 Месяц назад +1

    i was told once that when a archaeologist says it ritual what they are saying is they don;t have a clue what it is or what it was used for

  • @KernowekTim
    @KernowekTim 2 месяца назад

    Excellent as always. The un-molested V boat burial is superb! For me, the true archaeologist of the past went as far as they knew was feasible, with all means at their disposal. And then they back-filled their work; re-instating soil layers in order of excavation, in the sure knowledge that the scientific advancements of the future would lead to better analysis of these sites. These heroes are to be thanked and applauded, just as the teams that rescue endangered historically significant locales are. No, "I see wonderful things", and then pushing on regardless, just to claim status amongst their peers; or an entry in the 'Magazine of the day'..

  • @birdshenanigans8506
    @birdshenanigans8506 Месяц назад

    Dr Alison Sheridan ❤❤❤

  • @1peterk
    @1peterk 2 месяца назад

    They must have fixed it seems ok now. Time team did a program about the Orkney dig seems really familiar anyway.

    • @buckynick
      @buckynick Месяц назад

      Stone rows on Dartmoor look to me like rope walks, places to make rope or twine.

  • @annoyed707
    @annoyed707 2 месяца назад

    Is this a re-upload?

  • @michelleg7
    @michelleg7 Месяц назад

    Speaking of Orkney I somehow share 1 segment of dna with an Iron age Pict from the island and I am clueless as to how that happened cause one I have absolutely no british or scottish ancestry but I do have viking dna and I don't even know how that happened either! 🤷‍♀

  • @harbourdogNL
    @harbourdogNL 2 месяца назад +1

    7:34 I don't know why archaeologists assume every artifact had to have a function...maybe these are just nic-nacs, tchotchkes, or small sculptures for the sake of it. Clearly these people were highly advanced, so why not some 'fun' objects just because?

  • @ElizaPurest
    @ElizaPurest 2 месяца назад +3

    ❤😊❤

  • @AsFewFalseThingsAsPossible
    @AsFewFalseThingsAsPossible 23 дня назад

    This is Series 3 "North"

  • @paulpaul246
    @paulpaul246 2 месяца назад +1

    I also dislike loud commercials whether they be RUclips or TV.

  • @naricewoolon3248
    @naricewoolon3248 2 месяца назад

    Could it be a Courthouse things belonging being smashed, size of building to have room for the clans

  • @pcka12
    @pcka12 2 месяца назад +3

    What on earth has Stonehenge got to do with London?
    Stonehenge & Avebury are miles away in Wiltshire!

  • @molecatcher3383
    @molecatcher3383 2 месяца назад +21

    Oh dear, the archaeologist lady narrator needs to brush up on her history about The Battle of Culloden. Bonnie Prince Charlie was not fighting against "The English" at this battle like some re-run of the much earlier Scottish Wars of Independence. The battle, in 1746, was between a Jacobite British army (mostly made up of Scots, English, Irish and French) and a Hanovarian British army (mostly made up of Scots, English, Welsh and Germans). Bonnie Prince Charlie was fighting to try and restore his Stuart Royal Dynasty to the throne of Great Britain.

    • @user-vn2kn6ew9r
      @user-vn2kn6ew9r 2 месяца назад +3

      I doubt that she was not right because she is only reading this

    • @skyhigh1154
      @skyhigh1154 Месяц назад

      Shes hot though, that counts for something.

    • @carl5652
      @carl5652 Месяц назад +5

      Who cares she looks good

    • @PortmanRd
      @PortmanRd 27 дней назад

      I was somewhat surprised to find out that there was an actual contingent of government Irish troops at the Battle

    • @helenhunter4540
      @helenhunter4540 26 дней назад

      Molecatcher. Oh dear, I think she knows her own history, GENTLEMAN molecatcher!

  • @julianolan2860
    @julianolan2860 2 месяца назад +1

    Why do you not speculate that many of the very carved stones were used for textile manufacture? Making twine, flensing rushes or flaxes. All pre metal people made textiles.

  • @AsFewFalseThingsAsPossible
    @AsFewFalseThingsAsPossible 23 дня назад

    Viking boat burial at 38.00

  • @cherylkurucz8852
    @cherylkurucz8852 2 месяца назад

    ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

  • @SamtheIrishexan
    @SamtheIrishexan 2 месяца назад

    For the feast they must of had some level of animal husbandry in the Neolithic

  • @KAZSANable
    @KAZSANable 2 месяца назад

    💙⚔

  • @maeve4686
    @maeve4686 2 месяца назад

    Weren't the Shetland Island ponies native to Scotland at least 4,000 plus years ago? Size of bones may indicate this. Maybe this was a single herd isolated on the island & easy to hunt...

  • @kentlatimer3706
    @kentlatimer3706 Месяц назад

    Ah, Matt. Still just *so* cute! And I do love the archaeology, particularly the prehistoric stuff.

  • @classicambo9781
    @classicambo9781 5 дней назад

    11:00

  • @ianmatthews6299
    @ianmatthews6299 Месяц назад

    10 years was yesterday

  • @ubute
    @ubute Месяц назад

    What is it with digging up PEOPLE who have been laid to REST?

  • @SecretSquirrelFun
    @SecretSquirrelFun 22 часа назад

    Almost everything is deemed a “ritual” site or “ritual” complex.

  • @liannebennett2856
    @liannebennett2856 Месяц назад

    Why cant archeological sites that find pots , skeleton or artefacts from digs like well preserved walls bath houses or pits bring in psychic mediums, surely energy is still with these artifacts?

  • @Hitsystem
    @Hitsystem 2 месяца назад +1

    I couldn't find anything about the 'only fully intact Viking boat burial in mainland Britain'; however what I did enjoy was an interesting account of neolithic archaeology finds on the isle of Orkney, which is NOT on mainland Britain.

    • @ProcyonAlpha
      @ProcyonAlpha 2 месяца назад

      Bet you're fun at parties...🙄🙄

  • @alanjohnson2613
    @alanjohnson2613 Месяц назад

    Why did they travel and settle on those barren windswept orkney islands

  • @iandoughty7142
    @iandoughty7142 2 месяца назад

    Janina Raminese the one for Vikings. Alice not her.

  • @fabiodeoliveiraribeiro1602
    @fabiodeoliveiraribeiro1602 4 дня назад

    There is a sacred object that the English lost and archaeologists need to find. The tip of the arrow that mortally wounded King Richard the Lionheart. This object did what no weapon in the Islamic armies of the Holy Land could do for a peculiar reason. That arrow tip was made from a fragment of Lancelot du Lac's sword. You know... only a powerful weapon can truly kill a king, but this lost object has not yet been found. Perhaps it is buried on the outskirts of the castle besieged by Richard the Lionheart before he was wounded, perhaps it is not even in England. A medieval Portuguese chronicler said it was smuggled to Portugal and acquired by the Portuguese royal family. This object may ended up being forgotten in Brazil when D. João VI was forced to return to Portugal.

  • @janetsanders5356
    @janetsanders5356 2 месяца назад +1

    Not near enough from Matt

  • @ControlledDemolition
    @ControlledDemolition 2 месяца назад

    Sten means stone. It is Indo-European. Ness means nose, also Indo-European.

  • @terrancetexan5805
    @terrancetexan5805 2 месяца назад +1

    Well , are you not the lucky one.

  • @beth03616
    @beth03616 2 месяца назад +2

    A double disk LOL LOL

    • @dl7596
      @dl7596 Месяц назад

      " A double disk". 34:45 I also chuckled at that. It was probably a Time Team episode that showed several of those carvings and went on about them having no idea what the significance was. Here it was just passed over quickly.
      (The shows would probably rather call it some kind of ritual depiction,
      but perhaps it was more like some inventor making plans for a wheeled cart or bicycle/scooter? 😉)

  • @marksmith334
    @marksmith334 2 месяца назад +1

    Can’t beat a slice of Alice, even if it is quite a few years old

  • @gunnsmoke357
    @gunnsmoke357 Месяц назад

    Scotland. It’s in Scotland.

  • @InterestedAmerican
    @InterestedAmerican 2 месяца назад

    The stone objects that the presenters ponder what they were used for -- to me they look like stones made into stone working tools. Surely they realized that granite stone tools were better than deer antlers for working limestone stone, etc.