Love demonstrative videos like this best. Not that there's anything wrong with crunchier or fluffier videos, variety is the spice of life, but this is definitely my favorite.
Ggdivhjkjl his last video on the main channel is over a year old, but he has done some videos about politics on the ”secret channel”. Not sure what he’s doing now.
This video really does help at least visualize how to work all those aspects and moods into one's conlang as well as how to start the basic foundation. Also, I never even heard of the guy, would have to check his channel out when I get the chance. Thanks again for another video on the subject.
I love this video and I love the collabs of recent. It really creates a sense of educational solidarity where we combine skills together to create excellent content.
Remarkably helpful! I'm usually more lost in these deep linguistics than the particle physics that I regularly work through, and conversing through concrete examples really cemented a lot of this in my mind.
It’s so crazy. While I was waiting for you to get more into the breakdown of conlangs, I was watching Biblaridion’s playlist of How to Make a Language, where he goes into details about Grammatical Evolution and all sorts of cool stuff, then I found this video! Awesome collab!
Keep in mind: natural languages sometimes break or bend their own rules for modals. Modern English modals became fossilised and their past forms became independent modals. Oa's modals based on stative verbs could indeed take the habitual endings because it gains its status as "stative" or "dynamic" based on the main verb it modifies. Also, even if this isn't the case, languages such as Basque have conjugated elements that change base on transitivity and polypersonal marking. So there could be two future modals, one for stative verbs and one for dynamic verbs. One more real-world example: Bulgarian has a Slavic aspectual system, and this can change the meaning or a nuance of meaning in a verb. An imperfective verb has past (two of them), present, and cliticised future; a perfective verb has only past (two of them) and (uncliticised) future. If a perfective verb needs to indicate the present tense, it then forms a secondary imperfective set that pairs **only** with the perfective and not with the primary imperfective. Oa could very well include such distinctions to allow for full paradigms for the main verb without leaving gaps in dynamic verbs when they're negated, modalised, or set in future time.
German actually does have one colloquial aspect marker that delineates present perfective and present imperfective: "Ich lese." = "I read." "Ich bin am lesen." = "I am reading." You can still use the former to talk about something perfective, but if you really want to drive home that something is happening _right now_ you could use the latter (in informal settings anyway).
Interesting how in Tunisian Arabic, we use the past continuous auxilaury "ken(3rd sig)" and the simple future auxilary "bech" to mark the irresultive conditional. So the sentence "I was going to run, but ..." is "Kunt bech njry, ...". Word word by word: - *Kunt* : the 1st sig past continuous auxilaury (from the infintive "ken"). - *Bech* : the simple future auxilaury (its infinitive form won't change with any other different prounoun, it's always in the infinitive form) - *Njry* : The simple present verb of the infintive "Yjry" + the 1st sig pronoun → *Kunt bech njry* literally means: Was (being). 1st sig + will + run. present. 1st sig Sidenote: Infinitve form of verb = 3rd singular from of the verb
Hmmm. Now that NativLang's back, I guess you could collab with him too? This was pretty fun to watch. (NGL, I prefer your linguist stuff to your planets-and-whatnot content, simply because I find it easier to follow. The moment math appears, my brain goes 'nope'.) Also, question. English dialects sometimes come up with features that the standard lacks, like the distinction between 2nd person singular and plural (which to me always seemed to be a confusing thing) - "y'all" is a pretty functional and logical "plural you" substitute, although not quite standard. Similarly, AAVE "reinvented" a habitual aspect ("he be running"). I was wondering - do these variations ever become standardized, and if yes, what makes such standardization possible? Just a popularity trend? (Non-Southern queer communities are kinda co-opting "y'all" these days because it's more inclusive than the traditional "ladies and gentlemen" type constructs, for example.) Also, does this happen in OA and if yes, how?
it gets standardised, if it gets popular enough, if the non standard speaking community suddenly decides to invade and overthrow the government, or you know, if the non standard variant evolves enough to be recognised as a dialect but actually a different language there are many different ways this standardisation may happen
I love your videos! I was planning to make a grammar system for Oa based on Lojban. My first real conlang was based on Oa, you are probably my main inspiration for conlanging.
The present default is actually the opposite in persian. Let's take the work "khordan", meaning "to eat". The perfective past is "khordam", and the perfective present is "meekhoram" The addition ends up being on present, with the D dropped and mee- added. Also, "meekhoram" can mean I will eat.
In my conlang, the present imperfective and future perfective are the same, because saying your doing something and saying you'll be done doing something in the future are basically the same
actually that’s probably a uvular trill, that’s what that character represents. if you watch his video where he selects sounds with xidnaf, you’ll see that he adds a uvular trill.
In my language we do not say. "He should be there." We say. "If he is not there i will be mad." "Sirru kei mioirrei si sjon, Krri orrei si chimatje." When he negative-future-tense-verb-form in here/there, I future-tense-verb-form to mad-noun form.
In the German language, there are two words for "would", "could", namely "würde" and "wurde"; and "könnte" and "konnte". The ones with the ¨ above them are used for conditionals. "I could do it, if …", "I would do it, if …". The ones without the ¨ are used for the past. "When we were younger, we would often be driven to the cinema." If "would" really is the past tense of the word "will" that would mean that "wurde" is the past tense of "wird" but "würde" is the subjunctive, instead, which, in English, both seem to be the same thing, right?
Would it make sense to have a language with only non-past and non-future tenses? It could open up a neat distinction with things happening in the present tense. A basic example would be something like "I'm finishing it now". In English, that is non-past tense, but in this language it would be non-future, because it has some relevance to the past. Like, it hints that something in the past caused you to be doing what you are now. Something like "I am going home" would be non-past, because it hints that it is going to have something to do with the future as well (when you're travelling home). I don't really know how that would work with all verbs, because I'm positive that there will be some roadblock I'd only find after trying to translate a block of text, but it would be something interesting to play about with...
This is very interesting. I was thinking about how language develops though entomology. As the word astronomy is made from the Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr (“star”) and νόμος (nómos, “arranging, regulating”) I'd like to see this done with Oa for world building.
I got an ad where "Turn down for what" with a person wearing pixelated glasses and "Thug life" appeared besides them. How out of touch do you have to be to use MLG memes in 2019?
Even simpler: spanish can but usually doesnt differentiate between "used to run (corria)" and "was running (corria)", context tells instead, ie. "i was running then/but/until I tripped over" "i used to run when i was a child". If you want simplicity, I wouldn't say that its "much more important".
"to go" + Past perfective, here, was Implicative, as in "I would have done X." How would you call "I will have done X."? As in, the action will have been in the past from the future perspective. Also, how might that be said in OA? "O taʔi ngoza-k" would be my lazy guess, deliberately violating the rule of auxiliary verb-conjugation.
0:30/0:31 1080p? I like this aspect/mood... Resolutive mood? IMagine having an aspect for the definition of how a person sees the worlds, like an old man without glasses will conjugate in 144p
Could you make a series on reviewing conlangs(Similar to what conlang critic is doing) I was semi hoping that you could review your viewers conlangs and conlangs that your viewers suggest. I think it would be extremely cool for you to do! EDIT: could you also make a discord? It would be an interesting way for people to connect with you!
Wasn't Oa originally going to be similar to Hangul? Or did Edgar decide to take a different direction? I wish to talk with him or someone about it just so I wouldn't be confused.
I can see the dialectal changes in "O ta-ta?i-k ngoza". Since "k" and "ng" are difficult to say back to back, there can be dialectal variation to help with speaking fast and clear; i.e. "tata?ik ngoza" might turn into "tata?ik ngoza" (k not pronounced), "tata?ik noza" or it would something like a lot of East-Southeast Asian languages where the k isn't pronounced completely.
What if we make the words able to be past/present/future? Like: Shimuo imme. (We /all/ ran.) Shiamu imme. (We /all/ are running.) Ishimu imme. (We /all/ will run) Is that okay? Like most words aren't set in time but will need a marking to say when it will occur. Shimu: is run but with not connection to time.
Technically, a non-past perfective form can be interpreted as the future tense, whereas the imperfective form can be used as the default present tense.
ah, yes, the four fundamental qualities of words: hungry, angry, hangry, and neuter
don't forget ungry and hungary
But everything changed when the hangry nation attacked.
My personal favorite is 1080p
@@i_teleported_bread7404 hungary nation
what language is this and where is it spoken?
0:30 "1080p"
I died at this
"Hangry"
That's a high quality tense right there
aspect
A verbal aspect which conveys that the action was done/observed in 1080p.
Xidnaf, Worldbuilding Notes, and now Biblaridion? I must be in heaven
Wait until someone like NativLang or LangFocus shows up.
@@HoneydewBeach yes please
@@HoneydewBeach What about Conlang Critic?
@@erisstewart4236 Even better
@@erisstewart4236 found the prophet
Someone: "Infinity War" is the most ambitious crossover
Artifexian and Biblaridion: made this video
Name Surname I'll correct you:
Someone: "Infinity War" is the most ambitious crossover
Artifexian and Biblaridion: hold my IPA
They also collaborated for episode 1 of alien biospheres
@@augustas9997 lovely pun
@@augustas9997nice pun
oh my god, ive been following biblaridion's video series on making conlangs for a while now
Wouldn't be complaining if OA is on Duolingo at some point
@Kris Stottlemire me too
Duo courses are user made, so it's up to us
@Ewan Thomson Artifexian has said Oa is just a conlang for Demonstration so it’s unlikely
I’d love for a bird to attack me every night
@@ungefiezergreeter6034 that’s true but I want it anyway
OMG all these conlanging channel crossovers are amazing!!!!!
Tfw I found Biblaridion last week and thought "Ya know, a collab between him and Artifexian would be pretty cool."
Love demonstrative videos like this best. Not that there's anything wrong with crunchier or fluffier videos, variety is the spice of life, but this is definitely my favorite.
As a current learner of Latin and Mandarin, this was very interesting (and helpful).
2:33 "Reduplicating the first syllable" * gets flashbacks from Koine Greek * Oh no.... (Almost certainly Ancient Greek too, but I haven't studied it)
yeah Gothic does this too, but only for class 7 strong verbs
Comes all the way back from PIE, btw
A fellow believer! At least I hope so. I don't know of anyone who studies Koine to read something other than the New Testament 😅
@@phoenixantis6994 Indeed, praise the Lord!
"Ich liese eine Zeitung" - I see you've been doing your Duolingo.
wo
Yes. Classic sentence.
"Ich lese eine Zeitung."* "liese" is incorrect.
This is more like Duolingo: Mein Hund liest die Zeitung des Vogels.
This reminds me of your videos with xidnaf...
There's a name we haven't heard in a while! Where's he been?
@Ggdivhjkjl Probably university
Ggdivhjkjl his last video on the main channel is over a year old, but he has done some videos about politics on the ”secret channel”. Not sure what he’s doing now.
Pidgins, Mixed Languages, and Creoles ft. Tom Scott?
y e s
*y e s*
Y E S
y e s
*ＹＥＳ*
This video really does help at least visualize how to work all those aspects and moods into one's conlang as well as how to start the basic foundation.
Also, I never even heard of the guy, would have to check his channel out when I get the chance. Thanks again for another video on the subject.
I really enjoyed this conversational format. I'd be happy to see it continued!
Wow! The German sentence was pronounced without an accent
H N Is that good? (I don’t speak German)
@@Chris-rn9zx of course. What is bad to speak a foreign language without an accent?
@@ashenen2278 I was really impressed because of the "Ich" and because he pronounced every "e" correctly (sometimes/e/, sometimes/ae/)
@@sykyfu1378 maybe the Irish accent helped him too. Actually, Gaelic and German share some phonemes
I'm german and I have found the only one who actually can pronounce this like germans do.
i swear all my favourite youtubers are all making collabs together atm
AMAZING!! Also the vocabulary you've created so far sounds nice. :D
I was just watch Biblaridion's how to make a language series
Shybull877 Same lmao
i love how big this community is starting to get
My dream collaborations
3. Artifexian and Bibliralidian?
4. ...
139 likes?? Ok
david peterson!
Artifexian, Biblaridion, Xidnaf
Ewa, Edgar, and Biblardion all together will be awesome
140
Remember: BI-BLA-RI-DION
MY TWO FAVORITE CONLANGERS!!! OMG OMG OMG!!!
yeeeeeesssss! The video I've been waiting for *and* my two favorite conglanging channels!
I love this video and I love the collabs of recent. It really creates a sense of educational solidarity where we combine skills together to create excellent content.
Remarkably helpful! I'm usually more lost in these deep linguistics than the particle physics that I regularly work through, and conversing through concrete examples really cemented a lot of this in my mind.
I'm so excited to see you building Oa again, I've missed it, and its so cool to see it coming together
It’s so crazy. While I was waiting for you to get more into the breakdown of conlangs, I was watching Biblaridion’s playlist of How to Make a Language, where he goes into details about Grammatical Evolution and all sorts of cool stuff, then I found this video! Awesome collab!
Oh shit! Artifexian and biblardian in one video? Really, you spoil us
Another vid I'll have to watch 20 times before I understand it...
Yay! I've been waiting for Oa, even if I didn't commented on your videos.
That was great! I love the way it sounds. And yeah Biblaridion is awesome too.
Keep in mind: natural languages sometimes break or bend their own rules for modals. Modern English modals became fossilised and their past forms became independent modals. Oa's modals based on stative verbs could indeed take the habitual endings because it gains its status as "stative" or "dynamic" based on the main verb it modifies. Also, even if this isn't the case, languages such as Basque have conjugated elements that change base on transitivity and polypersonal marking. So there could be two future modals, one for stative verbs and one for dynamic verbs.
One more real-world example: Bulgarian has a Slavic aspectual system, and this can change the meaning or a nuance of meaning in a verb. An imperfective verb has past (two of them), present, and cliticised future; a perfective verb has only past (two of them) and (uncliticised) future. If a perfective verb needs to indicate the present tense, it then forms a secondary imperfective set that pairs **only** with the perfective and not with the primary imperfective.
Oa could very well include such distinctions to allow for full paradigms for the main verb without leaving gaps in dynamic verbs when they're negated, modalised, or set in future time.
At the beginning where they listed linguistic shit, I had a good chuckle at the stuff he threw in.
Hangry
Holy wow language is complicated. How did we ever get to where we are now 🤯
I listen to both of you and I still cannot tell the difference
Every time Basque is mentioned I get nor-nori-nork flashbacks.
tense aspect and mood, sounds like my ideal Friday night.
These by example videos help an awful lot
First the workdbuilding notes then this? My you continuing to do ft. With my other favourite youtubers.
I’m so glad to see you guys able to come together, especially since you went on record a while back about not liking the practise of proto-langing
The trifecta of collabs has been completed.
Edgar and Ewa
Ewa and Bibliardon
Edgar and Bibliardon
German actually does have one colloquial aspect marker that delineates present perfective and present imperfective:
"Ich lese." = "I read."
"Ich bin am lesen." = "I am reading."
You can still use the former to talk about something perfective, but if you really want to drive home that something is happening _right now_ you could use the latter (in informal settings anyway).
There's this one analytical language I'm working on, and I'm totally stealing the negation and interrogative verbs idea for it.
Interesting how in Tunisian Arabic, we use the past continuous auxilaury "ken(3rd sig)" and the simple future auxilary "bech" to mark the irresultive conditional. So the sentence "I was going to run, but ..." is "Kunt bech njry, ...". Word word by word:
- *Kunt* : the 1st sig past continuous auxilaury (from the infintive "ken").
- *Bech* : the simple future auxilaury (its infinitive form won't change with any other different prounoun, it's always in the infinitive form)
- *Njry* : The simple present verb of the infintive "Yjry" + the 1st sig pronoun
→ *Kunt bech njry* literally means:
Was (being). 1st sig + will + run. present. 1st sig
Sidenote: Infinitve form of verb = 3rd singular from of the verb
Mood: Hangry.
All to often present in my native language, despite going unnamed as such.
Hmmm. Now that NativLang's back, I guess you could collab with him too? This was pretty fun to watch. (NGL, I prefer your linguist stuff to your planets-and-whatnot content, simply because I find it easier to follow. The moment math appears, my brain goes 'nope'.)
Also, question. English dialects sometimes come up with features that the standard lacks, like the distinction between 2nd person singular and plural (which to me always seemed to be a confusing thing) - "y'all" is a pretty functional and logical "plural you" substitute, although not quite standard. Similarly, AAVE "reinvented" a habitual aspect ("he be running"). I was wondering - do these variations ever become standardized, and if yes, what makes such standardization possible? Just a popularity trend? (Non-Southern queer communities are kinda co-opting "y'all" these days because it's more inclusive than the traditional "ladies and gentlemen" type constructs, for example.) Also, does this happen in OA and if yes, how?
it gets standardised, if it gets popular enough, if the non standard speaking community suddenly decides to invade and overthrow the government, or you know, if the non standard variant evolves enough to be recognised as a dialect but actually a different language
there are many different ways this standardisation may happen
this is totally all going over my head but I'm enjoying it
Finally another video about Oa! (Yes I'm 2 months late but you know)
I love your videos! I was planning to make a grammar system for Oa based on Lojban.
My first real conlang was based on Oa, you are probably my main inspiration for conlanging.
The present default is actually the opposite in persian. Let's take the work "khordan", meaning "to eat". The perfective past is "khordam", and the perfective present is "meekhoram" The addition ends up being on present, with the D dropped and mee- added. Also, "meekhoram" can mean I will eat.
Artifexian and Biblaridion TOGETHER?!? Oh my God!
Yessssssssssssss. A collab with two of my favourite conlangers
y'all out here makin up new languages for fun and i barely know a single language
It’s called conlanging :)
It’s probably the 3rd or 5th time I’ve seen this video and only now I noticed the 1080p
So many colabs, it's awesome!
I love these! I hope you keep having guests! I also may have found you after biblarion... >.>
Thanks, Bibble Rhydian!
My little Czech heart broke when I saw how you transtaled the word 'enter'
I really appreciate your videos :3
In my conlang, the present imperfective and future perfective are the same, because saying your doing something and saying you'll be done doing something in the future are basically the same
I like that idea
@@FrAstro if you wanna include it in your own conlang(s) go ahead, thank you for saying you liked it
hey if you ever wanna do a video about numbering systems hmu
You should review Oa when it’s done
my favorite aspect, yes
1080p
4:43 that was totally a rolled r!
That was spicy
Wait... was it?!
Holy cow, you're absolutely right!
actually that’s probably a uvular trill, that’s what that character represents. if you watch his video where he selects sounds with xidnaf, you’ll see that he adds a uvular trill.
In my language we do not say.
"He should be there."
We say.
"If he is not there i will be mad."
"Sirru kei mioirrei si sjon, Krri orrei si chimatje."
When he negative-future-tense-verb-form in here/there, I future-tense-verb-form to mad-noun form.
Finally, more oa!!!
In the German language, there are two words for "would", "could", namely "würde" and "wurde"; and "könnte" and "konnte". The ones with the ¨ above them are used for conditionals. "I could do it, if …", "I would do it, if …". The ones without the ¨ are used for the past. "When we were younger, we would often be driven to the cinema."
If "would" really is the past tense of the word "will" that would mean that "wurde" is the past tense of "wird" but "würde" is the subjunctive, instead, which, in English, both seem to be the same thing, right?
I like the 1080p tense myself.
Ah yes the classical 1080p tense
In "to be sick" only "to be" is a verb, and it can be stative or dynamic. "Sick" in this case is an adjective that describes what you are "to be"-ing.
Is that a Hangul-like script? Do you have a video about the Oa script?
Never mind: found it!
Would it make sense to have a language with only non-past and non-future tenses? It could open up a neat distinction with things happening in the present tense. A basic example would be something like "I'm finishing it now". In English, that is non-past tense, but in this language it would be non-future, because it has some relevance to the past. Like, it hints that something in the past caused you to be doing what you are now. Something like "I am going home" would be non-past, because it hints that it is going to have something to do with the future as well (when you're travelling home). I don't really know how that would work with all verbs, because I'm positive that there will be some roadblock I'd only find after trying to translate a block of text, but it would be something interesting to play about with...
Please make part two of this where you include the moods in the mix too.
So how would you say "I used to have to run" then? If the auxilliary verb can't be used with the past habitual, is periphrasis the only option?
That’s really confusing
This is very interesting. I was thinking about how language develops though entomology. As the word astronomy is made from the Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr (“star”) and νόμος (nómos, “arranging, regulating”) I'd like to see this done with Oa for world building.
*etymology
Entomology is the science of insects,my friend :)
@@mustafamendeleev6461 yes. I know. it was a typo :)
The beard is looking great, Edgar
I'm rather ashamed that it took me as long as Artifexian did to complete my verbal morphology...
*gnomic* is my favorite tense!
It's actually a cool tense
My dream collab!
Very well done
I got an ad where "Turn down for what" with a person wearing pixelated glasses and "Thug life" appeared besides them. How out of touch do you have to be to use MLG memes in 2019?
ThEnderYoshi HD r/FellowKids
Even simpler: spanish can but usually doesnt differentiate between "used to run (corria)" and "was running (corria)", context tells instead, ie. "i was running then/but/until I tripped over" "i used to run when i was a child".
If you want simplicity, I wouldn't say that its "much more important".
Same in Welsh, our tense system is incredibly simple.
"to go" + Past perfective, here, was Implicative, as in "I would have done X." How would you call "I will have done X."? As in, the action will have been in the past from the future perspective.
Also, how might that be said in OA? "O taʔi ngoza-k" would be my lazy guess, deliberately violating the rule of auxiliary verb-conjugation.
0:30/0:31 1080p?
I like this aspect/mood...
Resolutive mood?
IMagine having an aspect for the definition of how a person sees the worlds, like an old man without glasses will conjugate in 144p
Could you make a series on reviewing conlangs(Similar to what conlang critic is doing) I was semi hoping that you could review your viewers conlangs and conlangs that your viewers suggest. I think it would be extremely cool for you to do!
EDIT: could you also make a discord? It would be an interesting way for people to connect with you!
I like how for biblaridion, you used a symbol that represents an s sound in German, not a "B" sound.
/β/ ≠ "ß".
Will Oa ever be used in a film? I'd love it!
the only verbal mood in my conlang is hangry, and it is mandatorily encoded into every verb
Hey, what font do you use in your videos? I really like it.
Wasn't Oa originally going to be similar to Hangul? Or did Edgar decide to take a different direction? I wish to talk with him or someone about it just so I wouldn't be confused.
I understood that last bit, I think.. "I have to run.. bye!"?
I can see the dialectal changes in "O ta-ta?i-k ngoza". Since "k" and "ng" are difficult to say back to back, there can be dialectal variation to help with speaking fast and clear; i.e. "tata?ik ngoza" might turn into "tata?ik ngoza" (k not pronounced), "tata?ik noza" or it would something like a lot of East-Southeast Asian languages where the k isn't pronounced completely.
Will you please make videos on how to create a punctuation and number system?
What if we make the words able to be past/present/future?
Like:
Shimuo imme. (We /all/ ran.)
Shiamu imme. (We /all/ are running.)
Ishimu imme. (We /all/ will run)
Is that okay? Like most words aren't set in time but will need a marking to say when it will occur.
Shimu: is run but with not connection to time.
I'm confused - for the ʔ sound, do you need to hold the sound via the larynx or just do nothing?
Technically, a non-past perfective form can be interpreted as the future tense, whereas the imperfective form can be used as the default present tense.
Great video!
Are all of these verb forms in the indicative?
As a romance language speaker, I feel left out kkkkkkk T_T
It’s back. It’s back. It’s back