VERY informative, You just answered several question's i've had with your intro. Really had a hard time finding much info on " sweetened " petroleum products.
You know Ebay is selling some incredibly low priced lab glassware right? I've picked up everything he has there and more for about $200, stretched over a 2 month period. Look for lot sales, they are kind of rare but you can find them. I got two condenser columns, 6 various size three neck round bottom flasks, two soxhlet extractors and a bunch of Keck clips and latex tubing for the condenser jackets for $40 from one lot on Ebay. I got sniped out of about $600 worth of glass that went for $98 one time, that sucked. Ebay is a chemists friend, just about anything you can think of can be found there on the cheap including chemicals and reagents. All the glass is Chinese but it's 3.3 borosilicate and the quality is surprisingly high. Just do as I did and buy a few things here and there, no collection is complete from the get-go (unless you are filthy rich). I also got a hot plate with magnetic stirrer for $40 and a 500ml heating mantle for $60, like the one he has in this video. Ebay for the win!
@@TheExplosiveGuy When it comes to glassware, I learned that you definitely get what you pay for. I stick to the brands (in no special order): _Laboy, ProGlass, Kemtech, StonyLab, Eisco,_ and _Pyrex._ Especially for jointed glassware. I just purchased a cheap 500mL 24/40 distillation kit from _Dinglab,_ and discovered that not only were the flasks a different brand than the other glass parts (or seemed to be) and the glass joints didn't fit well at all (so bad that even the keck clips couldn't hold them together)... but the glass wasn't even borosilicate! So when it comes to glassware (and _especially_ jointed glassware), I would say only purchase from brands that are known to have good products, even if it's not the cheapest price. If low price is a must, then I would advice purchasing used glassware of a good brand (listed above) over new but cheap glassware.
@@jhyland87 Wow, know thickness variable TS values should be mounded exact, 3.3 should be that! People think just because says Pyrex Kimax it’s all same as lab grade when for kitchen, it is Not! Thanks good advice, calibrated verified balances thermocouples etc too. Cutting corners can cost more than folks know. Oh EBay chemicals here, glassware arrives broken often! Folks advertise cracked chipped used stuff, (Never use damaged, unless you are an expert glassworker & repaired) mislabeled, old junk, jackets, non spark less, furnaces, vacuum + pressure rxn vessels, Parr & other..,see folks misusing equipment all the time. Explosive force of ether volumes to TNT. How hot do incandescent lights get? See video top column, nah this is okay. But good on you for heads up! 👍🏻
@@jhyland87 I've actually found that if you're very patient there's a lot of high quality glassware coming from china for peanuts. I wasn't too worried about my first order as it was stuff I just couldn't afford from elsewhere but when I got it I was thoroughly impressed by the quality. It did take months to arrive but for a quarter of the ebay price I can afford to wait.
When I was a kid, I put a few drops of water on the bench and set a watch glass on the water. I placed a few ml of ether in the watch glass and fanned it. The latent heat of vaporization froze the water. It was an interesting demonstration of refrigeration.
Is Laboy decent? Its all over Amazon, but Im unsure of the quality, this is my first time noticing anyone on RUclips using Laboy glassware. How about Stonylab? any opinion? I am very cautious about glassware that isn't Pyrex or Bomex brand. however I have seen success from other RUclipsrs. Amazon reviews are hard to trust these days with all of the fraud and so many fake knock-off products. A lot of lesser known brands of products are having a hard time these days. Please let me know what you think of the Laboy glassware. It appears to perform well, Is it very fragile? Thanks
bomex is also fairly good, the science madness people that complain are chemists that are used to using high quality german made glassware and dont think bomex is up to pyrex standards
Well, to discard propellant before loading the contents of the can, you can turn the can upside down and spray somewere outside until there is no propellant left. after that you make two holes on the bottom of the can and just pour the contents to your flask. don't forget to prefreeze the can before the steps described above
Dr. Doug’s Lab, Great video footage and vocal explanation. I found your video presentation professional, well edited, clean cut(s) which made it a real choice video to watch, analysis and a great asset in assisting myself in my own quest (as a hobbyist Chemist) in producing diethyl ether among other organic compounds through the distillation processes. I’ll be sure to recommend, pass along and look for more great videos in the near future. Thank you … pointing out the specific spec. i.e. Friedrich Condenser, & invigorate column,… Currently: First Phase 1st… Procurement of lab gear Second phase 2nd… distilling …. Aromatic Terpenes,… (and ether, etc) Lab gear recommendations?
SO for fun this guys lights his solvent on fire with a glass rod, TURNS OUT it was to highlight a very serious issue and if this drops on a hot plate it will flame off immediately. Something people often do for fun (burning solvents) and he uses that to highlight a very serious safety issue. Great job.
What fire extinguisher(s) do you have prepared? Even with great ventilation, it makes me nervous to see all the (heated!) butane/propane venting. In fact a video about your lab itself, chemical storage, fire and spill safety measures, and cleaning glassware would be very interesting indeed!
@@smarphpharph5021 Explosions are no joke. I sure as hell would want the vapors to be vented away from me. There was someone under NurdRage's ether video that said someone had died because they added boiling stones to the ether which shot out or something like that. Not fun.
I'd be worried about that light bulb that's just about the column. Not sure if its one of the energy saving ones that don't get to hot. Incandescent light bulbs can ignite ether fumes
@@dalethomasdewitt Right but if the fumes are being pushed out right into the hot light, they don't need to hang in the air before sinking for very long before reaching there auto ignition temp
Another enjoyable video! On the subject of organic chemistry and organic solvents, reagent-grade tetrahydrofuran and the N-heterocyclic aromatic, pyridine, are difficult for the amateur chemist to obtain (and unfortunately I can't foresee Sigma Aldrich, Fischer, Alfa Aesar, etc, selling to individuals anytime soon!). So, I was wondering if there are accessible or do-able methods the amateur chemist could use to either synthesise or extract these two useful organic reagents and solvents?
Decarboxylate niacine to get pyridine. I think March's Advanced Organic Chemistry described some crazy delta-ring closure of alcohols with lead tetraacetate. Basically n-butanol + lead tetraacetate=THF. And you could try to obtain n-buthanol/make lead tetraacetate. Quote: "(5)OC-cyclo-Alkoxy-de-hydro-substitution Alcohols with a hydrogen in the d position can be cyclized with lead tetraace- tate. The reaction is usually carried out at 80C (most often in refluxing ben- zene), but can also be done at room temperature if the reaction mixture is irradiated with uv light. Tetrahydrofurans are formed in high yields. Little or no four- and six- membered cyclic ethers (oxetanes and tetrahydropyrans, respectively) are obtained even when g and e hydrogens are present. The reaction has also been carried out with a mixture of halogen (Br2 or I2) and a salt or oxide of silver or mercury (espe- cially HgO or AgOAc), with iodosobenzene diacetate and I2, and with ceric ammonium nitrate."
+Gary Card I can make THF pretty easily but the route is through 1,4-butanediol which is a GHB prodrug. I'm not sure that would be wise to put on RUclips. I will look into the pyridine synthesis though.
+Luc Serre Great point. I forgot to mention that this is one of those "explosion-proof" industrial fans meant for solvent vapors. A regular fan could be hazardous.
brushless can still produce sparks if it's got relays or bad connections, better to be shielded or belt driven to keep the motor segregated from the vapors
Small note on the lights/setup on the fume hood, the fluorescent and LED bulbs while much cooler than their incandescent partners they do run at much higher voltages, which are self-encased on their base. Maybe just to stay out of Murphy's way, consider relocating them to the corners opposite the fan (spotlights that can turn) mounted on the ceiling. I'd hate to see good efforts to be safe go off the way side because of a small oversight from marketing. Awesome videos!
I know this is an ancient comment, but to add to this, ensure you use brushless fans when working with flammable gases. Brushed fans are spark machines.
Suggestion: Recover the heptane. It can be used where as a solvent where sine some toluene can be present. You could also capture the butane/propane with a dry ice bath and burn it outside which is better for the environment than letting it escape.
It was interesting to see the catalytic dehydration of ethanol with the preparation of diethyl ether. The industrial value of this reaction has not, but in the laboratory would be useful
NileRed did it. He heated ethanol at 140 degrees Celcius in the presence of H2SO4 to form diethyl ether. It went like this: 2 EtOH >H2SO4> Et-O-Et + H2O
I've watched you make, Dioxane, Diethyl Ether, and Chloroform. I'm not going to lie, whether you are burning them or knocking people out, you're probably having a good time.
I have read that storing ether in the presence of air forms explosive peroxides. Also that it should never be distilled to complete dryness as the last drops will consist of highly concentrated peroxides. Perhaps storing it in argon could solve some of the problems storing the stuff as it is inert and heavier then air. Building a small glowbox would have been on my to do list if I ever am to pick up chemistry as an hobby, as it can easily be built an can have its atmosphere easily replaced with other gases.
I have an ethanol 5 gallon distillery capable of reflux using beads and copper meshing, just prior to condensation. It's a typical, high end small distillery for making spirits, but also for possible repurposing. I'm a bit of a prepper and am always worried about enough general anesthesia around for emergency surgeries during a SHTF environment. Two years ago, was shingling sister's goat shed and slipped off and shattered my sacrum and pelvic. At that time was introduced to helplessness and indescribable pain. It got me thinking. My worry is surgery without general anesthesia. Taking care of critical wounds by first getting them drunk isn't the best answer. Buying diethyl ether is too expensive and storing it with peroxides forming isn't the best approach either. Thus my research on types of anesthesia. Which lead to diethyl ether production research and how it was made and used in medicine. For emergency purposes, it seems the purchase and storage, using your method is genius, minimizing peroxides and having on demand supply. Don't have to worry about long term storage issues either. So, in that form, seemingly a perfect storage logistics answer. And if/when needed it can be used to quickly convert to usable diethyl ether for emergency operations without having to worry about petroleum contaminates in the solution to disqualify it as a usable diethyl ether. That said, do you see problems with my thoughts of using a stainless steel 5 gallon distillation pot to produce diethyl ether for surgery purposes during an emergency no medicine situation, aside from ventilation and fire hazards of all the butanes, etc floating around? I understand that danger and would only be using a hot plate out doors, no open fires while passing around white lighting (bad joke). What would be your worries if you had to produce diethyl ether in that scenario? It looks like my focus would have to be on of course fire hazards (hot plate, sparks) and keeping distillation at or below 94 degrees Fahrenheit, keeping the diethyl ether pure enough to use, vaporizing off all petrol products below 94 degrees F, and not going above to contaminate either, allowing a breathable diethyl ether. Look forward to any comments. I did notice you mentioned chloroform. wbutts@cybco.net.
DE will quickly destroy the gaskets used on ethanol reflux stills. Also, both DE and Chloro must be continuously administered and have small margins between the enough to sleep and sleep forever dosings. Practically speaking, without medical experience, in a SHTF situation they would only be useful in two situations... A single dose only till asleep for something quick (ie setting a bone) or to ease a passing. A large supply of different antiseptics and sterile bandaging will improve survivability far more than a lot of DE. In a survival scenario, after water/food shortage, a simple infection is the most likely thing to get you.
What are you adding to your DE to avoid the peroxide’s? What is the difference between anesthesia ether, and DE? It didn’t sound like you were wearing a respirator, does this product not cause syncope?
so if one was to order a three necked flask and a fractional distillation setup online these days, will the DEA come visit you at like five in the morning?
+cculb1 depends on your state and country. Generally speaking no. If they do they will just knock on the door and ask why you are asking it, you can provide a valid reason and deny entry to your lab or you can allow them to look around. In which if you are not making drugs then all should be fine. This mostly occurs through customs tip offs though why alot of people buy within the country and pay the premium.
spinNspiral I remember when I was a kid in high school, they sold KNO3 at the pharmacy down the street as "saltpeter". This was back in the early 1990s. I haven't seen it in a drug store in years, though. They do sell it as "stump remover" at hardware stores, though.
cculb1 Yeah, I remember a beavis and butthead cartoon where the principle gave them salt peter to make them less horny. Seems that sourcing it is not difficult. Maybe my worries of ending up on a watch list just for thinking about some hobbies is unfounded.
@Doug's Lab How well would topping up the amber bottle with gasses like for example Nitrogen or Argon help preventing the peroxides from developing in the bottle, for storage purposes? I know it's been a while since you posted this video, but I hope you're seeing this. Well made and educational video btw! 👍
i have a very similar thermoprobe, but i wanna know if u can show exactly how you fit the probe into the 3 way adapter at the top of the vigreux column? Is the probe in some kind of protective glass tubing i can buy? And how do you make it airtight ? can u tell me how or do a small video to show me please.
Last I checked one of the brake sprays is mostly diethyl ether. A little bit more $:volume wise, but higher % of it being your desired product means its cheaper.
Just recently I tried a fractional distillation of lacquer thinner to obtain its components. The main components of the lacquer thinner are acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, and toluene. I measured out about 250ml of the solution into a 500ml round bottom flask and started the distillation. The entire time I was distilling, the temperature always stayed at ~55 degrees C, the boiling point of Acetone. However, in my collection beaker I could obviously see the layers of different compounds forming. My question is, what did I do wrong?
How do you prevent explosive peroxide formation while storing your ether? These peroxide’s can explode upon concentration. Do you have any storage recommendations?
Ether fumes can indeed autoignite on a hot plate. If you cover it completely with an oil dish (preventing hot spots) and heat the ether in the oil bath and you do it safe and slow in a really well ventilated area, you can do that too... but a round flask over an overheated hot plate (enough to boil ether!) is one part for the disaster to strike... ;)
+Donald Smith: They use it ~130 years ago. I think chloroform (trichloromethane) was the first, then diethyl ether was discovered as a pain killer. Since then, there are much safer chemicals. Dentists use lidocaine + epinephrine or if you don't want epinephrine, they use polocaine. Before that, they used to use novocaine. I don't know what they use during operations. Perhaps dinitrogen monoxide (N2O) (laughing gas) as a global anesthetic.
Ether was first ;) Nowadays there's a combination of narcotics used in anesthesia. Three months ago when I had a surgery, I got Propofol combined wit a fentanyl derivative (e.g. Alfentanyl) intravenous and an inhalational anaesthetic (e.g. Sevoflurane) via tracheal intubation.
is it possible to extract D-ether by using certain liquids to separate the butanes an other propellans e.i. placing it with isatope alcahol and an oil of some sort
Ok, subscribed on the last video....you rock. What is your background based on (asides from organic chem?) Funny note, but there's not videos of your face (not that it makes a difference, because your chem abilities surpass the unicorn growing out of your forehead ....ok maybe a bad joke) but the note was that there isn't one for you, nor NurdRage, or Nile Red, or any of the good ones out there.....why is that? Asides from the above-mentioned? Thanks for the videos!
+J Alvi As a scientist, a computer one, I can tell you that personal apperance has nothing to do with science. We have a different focus on a different set of priorities.
J Alvi there is one of NileRed (bromine video from element series). I guess the main reason is preventing getting identified (NurdRage and ChemPlayer even modify their voice or use a Text-2-Speech engine). While most of what they show is legal, so might not be (no-one knows the laws :P).
J Alvi I'd probably do the same thing, but I don't like filming stuff, which is unfortunate since I am very interested in chemistry and I'm doing stuff at home too (right now I'm synthesizing diethyl ether). I'd love to share my experiments, but like I said, I don't like filming and I rather spend my money on glassware & chemicals rather than a good camera. I know I could write on Forums such as sciencemadness, but these are rarely consulted for entertainment purposes...
Actually, thank you for that, I will be sure to check out the forum. I feel very similar, but what if you have a method that really does work well, and just because you only thought "this is how I do it" and not that others might actually enjoy or better yet, learn of another method ;-) maybe you should post a video or 2, people who do things out of passion show a greater process/product than those who don't. Just my 2 cents. I'll keep an eye out for your videos ☺️
All starter fluid I can get where I live have pentane in it. Pentane has almost the same boiling point as ether (36,1C vs 34,6 C). Is there any way to separate the two?
Try finding something that reacts with pentane but not ether (or the other way around, you can probably get away with using pentane for grignards and extractions) and then distill it
Cry Havoc No, with an amber colored bottle sealed with teflon tape and a lid apart from some KOH or NaOH flakes is sufficient as long as the temperature is below 25 ° C
Still haven’t gotten good at chem. Also not asking for ya people. But where do you learn good methods. Im tryna bufo extract but apparently a lot of peoples methods are simple false or at the very least garbage. One if heard good about is very simple tho🤫 what we were talking about?
Would you please do a project I need? I need to make a hand boiler I can pay for your help if you can I was told its just Methylene chloride which can be bought in any store
Blowing the engine fluid through water separates the petroleum through the reverse osmosis and I believed that it is pure diet laser that sets on top of the water in the sense of oil and vinegar oil and water
I understand you are in a pretty well ventilated fume hood but wouldn't be smarter to run your vacuum adapter discharge through a bubbler/ gas washer? This would do two things; first purge most if not all the atmosphere out of your glassware (Which is likely the case already with your setup) and second; provide a blocking head if the vapors were to catch fire preventing a back feed as the gases burn saving you from exploding glassware. What it all comes down to are the gas flow rates and likely the low flow rates from your vacuum adapter discharge could result in a back feed explosion if the vapors were to catch fire.
+Andrew Mayhall True, but the vapors exiting are well above the upper explosive limits of propane and isobutane. I definitely could have, but the danger only exists for a short period of time during warmup.
I could be wrong but I think yeast enzymes, and hydrochloric acid, in the presence of ethanol, whether it's "dry" or not, will also produce Aether...cuz I found these mushrooms that are decomposers and I'm thinking they have an ability to produce Trace Amounts of hydrochloric acid, and with enzymes from yeast present also, probably allow it to produce Aether, which then you could distill straight out of the solution, you wouldn't have to like overcomplicate it so much... I could be wrong cuz I don't have a GC/MS thingy, but a lot of these things that I'm f****** around with, if you put it in the right instrument it'll give you a readout that you could discern from it, maybe that's Aether.... it doesn't always tell you exactly what it is. But I would do it differently, I would find an organic way to produce it in a solution, and then just bioengineer that solution to produce Aether, and then distill what I want from the solution when it's ready, re-using the living organisms, kind of like I said like making beer or Saké, which you can make repeatedly, you just add more water to the rice Koji and yeast, and then you get more Saké out of that pretty much...not infinitely... but for a good amount of time *SEIZE THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION*
My method for extraction of DE is very very simple and mo better. Turn can upside down, depress trigger or button slightly allowing for gases to escape can and stop when liquid begins to drip out of can. Your can of starting fluid is no depressurized and the propellants have been driven off leaving "good enough for my purposes" pure*ish diethyl ether. Go get your trusty can or bottle opener or pocket knife and punch you a nice big hole right in that can and pour her out. Done
Hmm, I buy denatured ethanol for 2.90€/L at my local supermarket. Given that I can make 210ml of ether with 350ml of ethanol (70% yield), I can calculate that my self-made ether is about 5€ per liter... That is without the sulfuric acid, which is cheap too. Since the only chemicals present in the reaction are ethanol, water, sulfuric acid and diethyl ether (and some sand xD), I don't have to worry about the volatility of other components. The only downside is that reaction needs to be really hot, which poses a risk of fire and getting the denatured ethanol somewhat pure takes some time (it's 95% ethanol, 1% MEK, 10mg/L Bittrex and the rest is water). Usually I distill the ethanol to get rid of the Bittrex, then I reflux it over NaOH for 8h to polymerize the MEK, distill off the ethanol, dry it with CaCl2 and distill it off again into a bottle. As said, it takes time, but mostly it's on autopilot.
@@ColinRies thanks for the answer. Do you think anhydrous MgSO4 would work? I never heard of MgSO4 Ethanol adducts. And do you think 8h refluxing is really necessary? Typical the aldol reactions proceed very fast in unter one hour.
@@timmulm I have no idea if MgSO4 would work. I don't see why not, but I have also never tried... About reaction time, I never tried less. Sure aldol might be fast, but keep in mind the concentration of butanone is about 1% at the start and then continuously goes lower. It was my chemistry teacher who told me to reflux it overnight, so that's what I did.
@@ColinRies Okay, I might give it a try. Is it really completely odourless after the process? Of course Ethanol on its own has a smell as well, but is every bit of Butanone removed? Often these reactions are equilibriums and then some of it is left. And how much NaOH for let's say 500ml of Ethanol/Butanone mixture?
Looks like I'll be picking up some cheap starter fluid, no more $40 500ml bottles of ether for me. On a side note I didn't hear any mention of explosive peroxides forming, If you manage to get some decently pure ether you'll want to add a stabilizer to prevent that, things can go south fast with peroxides. I believe butylated hydroxytoluene is the stabilizer of choice since you only need a miniscule amount to prevent peroxide formation, like PPM miniscule...
you can turn the can upside down, spray the propellant out, poke a hole in the can (gently) and dump the liquid out. I'm sure some (hillbilly backyard chemists) can tell you this😂😂😂
True but he also indicated a few times that desired product will leave with the propellants if the process is too rapid and does not take a bit of time up the fractionating column. It would certainly speed up the process.
Your the type I am speaking about! You shouldn't assume Breaking Bad is based on reality. Please stop making unfounded comments like that! The people like Doug, Nile Red, Nurd Rage and many others are incredible chemists and extremely helpful to the home chemist and help the chemistry enthusiast locate or synthesize precursors from OTC's products that would normally be hard to obtain either because of cost or the fact that it's hard to find.
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I really miss this channel. Come back; your videos were always fantastic.
One of the best (efficient cost wise) OTC extractions I have seen especially for diethyl ether good job doug !
VERY informative, You just answered several question's i've had with your intro. Really had a hard time finding much info on " sweetened " petroleum products.
you pretty much have every peice of glassware and lab equipment I wish I could afford.
You know Ebay is selling some incredibly low priced lab glassware right? I've picked up everything he has there and more for about $200, stretched over a 2 month period. Look for lot sales, they are kind of rare but you can find them. I got two condenser columns, 6 various size three neck round bottom flasks, two soxhlet extractors and a bunch of Keck clips and latex tubing for the condenser jackets for $40 from one lot on Ebay. I got sniped out of about $600 worth of glass that went for $98 one time, that sucked. Ebay is a chemists friend, just about anything you can think of can be found there on the cheap including chemicals and reagents. All the glass is Chinese but it's 3.3 borosilicate and the quality is surprisingly high. Just do as I did and buy a few things here and there, no collection is complete from the get-go (unless you are filthy rich). I also got a hot plate with magnetic stirrer for $40 and a 500ml heating mantle for $60, like the one he has in this video. Ebay for the win!
@@TheExplosiveGuy When it comes to glassware, I learned that you definitely get what you pay for. I stick to the brands (in no special order): _Laboy, ProGlass, Kemtech, StonyLab, Eisco,_ and _Pyrex._ Especially for jointed glassware.
I just purchased a cheap 500mL 24/40 distillation kit from _Dinglab,_ and discovered that not only were the flasks a different brand than the other glass parts (or seemed to be) and the glass joints didn't fit well at all (so bad that even the keck clips couldn't hold them together)... but the glass wasn't even borosilicate!
So when it comes to glassware (and _especially_ jointed glassware), I would say only purchase from brands that are known to have good products, even if it's not the cheapest price.
If low price is a must, then I would advice purchasing used glassware of a good brand (listed above) over new but cheap glassware.
@@jhyland87 Wow, know thickness variable TS values should be mounded exact, 3.3 should be that! People think just because says Pyrex Kimax it’s all same as lab grade when for kitchen, it is Not! Thanks good advice, calibrated verified balances thermocouples etc too. Cutting corners can cost more than folks know. Oh EBay chemicals here, glassware arrives broken often! Folks advertise cracked chipped used stuff, (Never use damaged, unless you are an expert glassworker & repaired) mislabeled, old junk, jackets, non spark less, furnaces, vacuum + pressure rxn vessels, Parr & other..,see folks misusing equipment all the time. Explosive force of ether volumes to TNT. How hot do incandescent lights get? See video top column, nah this is okay. But good on you for heads up! 👍🏻
@@jhyland87 I've actually found that if you're very patient there's a lot of high quality glassware coming from china for peanuts. I wasn't too worried about my first order as it was stuff I just couldn't afford from elsewhere but when I got it I was thoroughly impressed by the quality. It did take months to arrive but for a quarter of the ebay price I can afford to wait.
I would love to see a schlieren image of that whole setup.
When I was a kid, I put a few drops of water on the bench and set a watch glass on the water. I placed a few ml of ether in the watch glass and fanned it. The latent heat of vaporization froze the water. It was an interesting demonstration of refrigeration.
Could you show us all your glassware?
It will be very fun
Is Laboy decent? Its all over Amazon, but Im unsure of the quality, this is my first time noticing anyone on RUclips using Laboy glassware. How about Stonylab? any opinion? I am very cautious about glassware that isn't Pyrex or Bomex brand. however I have seen success from other RUclipsrs. Amazon reviews are hard to trust these days with all of the fraud and so many fake knock-off products. A lot of lesser known brands of products are having a hard time these days. Please let me know what you think of the Laboy glassware. It appears to perform well, Is it very fragile? Thanks
MAD8RAD YES IT IS GOOD
MAD8RAD STONY LAB IS OVERPRICED BUY FROM DESCHEM ON EBAY
bomex is also fairly good, the science madness people that complain are chemists that are used to using high quality german made glassware and dont think bomex is up to pyrex standards
Well, to discard propellant before loading the contents of the can, you can turn the can upside down and spray somewere outside until there is no propellant left. after that you make two holes on the bottom of the can and just pour the contents to your flask. don't forget to prefreeze the can before the steps described above
Fantastic shot at around 6:17, really clear to see the shimmering :D
Dr. Doug’s Lab,
Great video footage and vocal explanation. I found your video presentation professional, well edited, clean cut(s) which made it a real choice video to watch, analysis and a great asset in assisting myself in my own quest (as a hobbyist Chemist) in producing diethyl ether among other organic compounds through the distillation processes. I’ll be sure to recommend, pass
along and look for more great videos in the near future.
Thank you … pointing out the specific spec. i.e. Friedrich Condenser, & invigorate column,…
Currently:
First Phase 1st… Procurement of lab gear
Second phase 2nd… distilling …. Aromatic Terpenes,… (and ether, etc)
Lab gear recommendations?
SO for fun this guys lights his solvent on fire with a glass rod, TURNS OUT it was to highlight a very serious issue and if this drops on a hot plate it will flame off immediately.
Something people often do for fun (burning solvents) and he uses that to highlight a very serious safety issue.
Great job.
What fire extinguisher(s) do you have prepared? Even with great ventilation, it makes me nervous to see all the (heated!) butane/propane venting. In fact a video about your lab itself, chemical storage, fire and spill safety measures, and cleaning glassware would be very interesting indeed!
RadioactivePretzels okay dad
@@smarphpharph5021 Explosions are no joke. I sure as hell would want the vapors to be vented away from me.
There was someone under NurdRage's ether video that said someone had died because they added boiling stones to the ether which shot out or something like that. Not fun.
I'd be worried about that light bulb that's just about the column. Not sure if its one of the energy saving ones that don't get to hot. Incandescent light bulbs can ignite ether fumes
I was thinking the same thing, lol.
Ether is a low lying vapor. Heavier than air.
@@dalethomasdewitt Right but if the fumes are being pushed out right into the hot light, they don't need to hang in the air before sinking for very long before reaching there auto ignition temp
Another enjoyable video! On the subject of organic chemistry and organic solvents, reagent-grade tetrahydrofuran and the N-heterocyclic aromatic, pyridine, are difficult for the amateur chemist to obtain (and unfortunately I can't foresee Sigma Aldrich, Fischer, Alfa Aesar, etc, selling to individuals anytime soon!). So, I was wondering if there are accessible or do-able methods the amateur chemist could use to either synthesise or extract these two useful organic reagents and solvents?
Decarboxylate niacine to get pyridine.
I think March's Advanced Organic Chemistry described some crazy delta-ring closure of alcohols with lead tetraacetate. Basically n-butanol + lead tetraacetate=THF. And you could try to obtain n-buthanol/make lead tetraacetate. Quote:
"(5)OC-cyclo-Alkoxy-de-hydro-substitution
Alcohols with a hydrogen in the d position can be cyclized with lead tetraace-
tate. The reaction is usually carried out at 80C (most often in refluxing ben-
zene), but can also be done at room temperature if the reaction mixture is irradiated
with uv light. Tetrahydrofurans are formed in high yields. Little or no four- and six-
membered cyclic ethers (oxetanes and tetrahydropyrans, respectively) are obtained
even when g and e hydrogens are present. The reaction has also been carried out
with a mixture of halogen (Br2 or I2) and a salt or oxide of silver or mercury (espe-
cially HgO or AgOAc), with iodosobenzene diacetate and I2,
and with ceric ammonium nitrate."
+Gary Card I can make THF pretty easily but the route is through 1,4-butanediol which is a GHB prodrug. I'm not sure that would be wise to put on RUclips. I will look into the pyridine synthesis though.
I'd be worried about the fume hood fan's motor sparking/lighting the fumes - I guess it's not an issue :)
+Luc Serre Great point. I forgot to mention that this is one of those "explosion-proof" industrial fans meant for solvent vapors. A regular fan could be hazardous.
Would that be a brushless motor perhaps?
brushless can still produce sparks if it's got relays or bad connections, better to be shielded or belt driven to keep the motor segregated from the vapors
CENTRIFUGAL FAN IS WHAT U WANT
What about azeatropes with the adulterants/contaminants? Is there any?
0:13 I've always thought the diethyl ether molecule looked like a dude throwing his arms out and going "Come at me bro!"
I'm highly addicted to the stuff
You don't say...
Kek
Just curious.Why do you distract the ether? What would one use tgat for?
Small note on the lights/setup on the fume hood, the fluorescent and LED bulbs while much cooler than their incandescent partners they do run at much higher voltages, which are self-encased on their base. Maybe just to stay out of Murphy's way, consider relocating them to the corners opposite the fan (spotlights that can turn) mounted on the ceiling. I'd hate to see good efforts to be safe go off the way side because of a small oversight from marketing.
Awesome videos!
I know this is an ancient comment, but to add to this, ensure you use brushless fans when working with flammable gases. Brushed fans are spark machines.
You seem like a very smart man
Suggestion: Recover the heptane. It can be used where as a solvent where sine some toluene can be present.
You could also capture the butane/propane with a dry ice bath and burn it outside which is better for the environment than letting it escape.
If the sulphuric acid is very clean but just diluted, can you not evaporate all the water off at 200 deg C?
It was interesting to see the catalytic dehydration of ethanol with the preparation of diethyl ether. The industrial value of this reaction has not, but in the laboratory would be useful
NileRed did it.
He heated ethanol at 140 degrees Celcius in the presence of H2SO4 to form diethyl ether. It went like this:
2 EtOH >H2SO4> Et-O-Et + H2O
1:35 liquefy at sweden?
I've watched you make, Dioxane, Diethyl Ether, and Chloroform. I'm not going to lie, whether you are burning them or knocking people out, you're probably having a good time.
It's about time for his come back he took a 2 yr vacation last time
I have read that storing ether in the presence of air forms explosive peroxides. Also that it should never be distilled to complete dryness as the last drops will consist of highly concentrated peroxides. Perhaps storing it in argon could solve some of the problems storing the stuff as it is inert and heavier then air. Building a small glowbox would have been on my to do list if I ever am to pick up chemistry as an hobby, as it can easily be built an can have its atmosphere easily replaced with other gases.
Morten Harrysson
Adding methanol stabilizes.
If you store it over sodium, the peroxides are neutralized and your ether is completely anhydrous.
make sure you dry your ether with sieves first, if there's too much water in it the sodium will ignite, and so will your ether
Will a water distiller work
Hope you're doing well, Doug. We miss you.
can be used a simple distillation apparatus with a vigreux column?
Why is diethyl ether so, so volatile? What makes it so, so volatile?
Why did you not separate with reverse osmosis
I have an ethanol 5 gallon distillery capable of reflux using beads and copper meshing, just prior to condensation. It's a typical, high end small distillery for making spirits, but also for possible repurposing. I'm a bit of a prepper and am always worried about enough general anesthesia around for emergency surgeries during a SHTF environment. Two years ago, was shingling sister's goat shed and slipped off and shattered my sacrum and pelvic. At that time was introduced to helplessness and indescribable pain. It got me thinking.
My worry is surgery without general anesthesia. Taking care of critical wounds by first getting them drunk isn't the best answer. Buying diethyl ether is too expensive and storing it with peroxides forming isn't the best approach either. Thus my research on types of anesthesia. Which lead to diethyl ether production research and how it was made and used in medicine.
For emergency purposes, it seems the purchase and storage, using your method is genius, minimizing peroxides and having on demand supply. Don't have to worry about long term storage issues either. So, in that form, seemingly a perfect storage logistics answer. And if/when needed it can be used to quickly convert to usable diethyl ether for emergency operations without having to worry about petroleum contaminates in the solution to disqualify it as a usable diethyl ether.
That said, do you see problems with my thoughts of using a stainless steel 5 gallon distillation pot to produce diethyl ether for surgery purposes during an emergency no medicine situation, aside from ventilation and fire hazards of all the butanes, etc floating around? I understand that danger and would only be using a hot plate out doors, no open fires while passing around white lighting (bad joke). What would be your worries if you had to produce diethyl ether in that scenario?
It looks like my focus would have to be on of course fire hazards (hot plate, sparks) and keeping distillation at or below 94 degrees Fahrenheit, keeping the diethyl ether pure enough to use, vaporizing off all petrol products below 94 degrees F, and not going above to contaminate either, allowing a breathable diethyl ether. Look forward to any comments. I did notice you mentioned chloroform.
wbutts@cybco.net.
DE will quickly destroy the gaskets used on ethanol reflux stills. Also, both DE and Chloro must be continuously administered and have small margins between the enough to sleep and sleep forever dosings. Practically speaking, without medical experience, in a SHTF situation they would only be useful in two situations... A single dose only till asleep for something quick (ie setting a bone) or to ease a passing. A large supply of different antiseptics and sterile bandaging will improve survivability far more than a lot of DE. In a survival scenario, after water/food shortage, a simple infection is the most likely thing to get you.
I know dick all about chemistry but I love watching your vids.
Very Cool to see a friedrichs condenser
What are you adding to your DE to avoid the peroxide’s?
What is the difference between anesthesia ether, and DE? It didn’t sound like you were wearing a respirator, does this product not cause syncope?
so if one was to order a three necked flask and a fractional distillation setup online these days, will the DEA come visit you at like five in the morning?
+cculb1 I was concerned about how KNO3. It's the most interesting compound to experiment with, and probably tracked by the government.
+cculb1 depends on your state and country. Generally speaking no. If they do they will just knock on the door and ask why you are asking it, you can provide a valid reason and deny entry to your lab or you can allow them to look around. In which if you are not making drugs then all should be fine. This mostly occurs through customs tip offs though why alot of people buy within the country and pay the premium.
spinNspiral I remember when I was a kid in high school, they sold KNO3 at the pharmacy down the street as "saltpeter". This was back in the early 1990s. I haven't seen it in a drug store in years, though. They do sell it as "stump remover" at hardware stores, though.
cculb1 Yeah, I remember a beavis and butthead cartoon where the principle gave them salt peter to make them less horny. Seems that sourcing it is not difficult. Maybe my worries of ending up on a watch list just for thinking about some hobbies is unfounded.
@Doug's Lab
How well would topping up the amber bottle with gasses like for example Nitrogen or Argon help preventing the peroxides from developing in the bottle, for storage purposes?
I know it's been a while since you posted this video, but I hope you're seeing this.
Well made and educational video btw! 👍
i have a very similar thermoprobe, but i wanna know if u can show exactly how you fit the probe into the 3 way adapter at the top of the vigreux column? Is the probe in some kind of protective glass tubing i can buy? And how do you make it airtight ? can u tell me how or do a small video to show me please.
Are you ok? Why'd you stop posting?
But doesnt heptane knock severly? If its a lot, it could lower the octane rating other fuel.
Last I checked one of the brake sprays is mostly diethyl ether. A little bit more $:volume wise, but higher % of it being your desired product means its cheaper.
Is heptan in ether bad or not?
Where do you find those data sheets with detailed ingredients information?
Internet search from manufacturer.
Very nice and simple. :D
Just recently I tried a fractional distillation of lacquer thinner to obtain its components. The main components of the lacquer thinner are acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, and toluene. I measured out about 250ml of the solution into a 500ml round bottom flask and started the distillation. The entire time I was distilling, the temperature always stayed at ~55 degrees C, the boiling point of Acetone. However, in my collection beaker I could obviously see the layers of different compounds forming. My question is, what did I do wrong?
Sounds like you flooded your reflux condenser.
You could use the heptane for liquid phase extraction of oils and greases.
Why do you use an amber shaded bottle to store the ether?
light degradation if not in an amber glass or some kind of light blocking bottle.
Add a small amount of BHT to the receiver, to stop peroxide formation.
Michael F is bht able to be purchased by home chemist?
@@Ny_babs used in the bio fuel industries. Cheap, available.
How do you prevent explosive peroxide formation while storing your ether? These peroxide’s can explode upon concentration. Do you have any storage recommendations?
leave them in Johnsen's starter fluid container til needed if situation allows.
Could this be done on a hot plate instead of a heating mantle, or is the ignition risk too great?
Ether fumes can indeed autoignite on a hot plate. If you cover it completely with an oil dish (preventing hot spots) and heat the ether in the oil bath and you do it safe and slow in a really well ventilated area, you can do that too... but a round flask over an overheated hot plate (enough to boil ether!) is one part for the disaster to strike... ;)
what does the boiling point on the bottles mean?
Hello Doug. Based on your experience, would you recommend Laboy glassware for an amateur chemist?
I myself would recommend that brand.
Is this the same as what was used to medical, for operations?
That is correct.
+Donald Smith:
They use it ~130 years ago. I think chloroform (trichloromethane) was the first, then diethyl ether was discovered as a pain killer. Since then, there are much safer chemicals. Dentists use lidocaine + epinephrine or if you don't want epinephrine, they use polocaine. Before that, they used to use novocaine.
I don't know what they use during operations. Perhaps dinitrogen monoxide (N2O) (laughing gas) as a global anesthetic.
Ether was first ;)
Nowadays there's a combination of narcotics used in anesthesia.
Three months ago when I had a surgery, I got Propofol combined wit a fentanyl derivative (e.g. Alfentanyl) intravenous and an inhalational anaesthetic (e.g. Sevoflurane) via tracheal intubation.
The timeline according to Wikipedia is 1840 ether, 1842 chloroform, 1844 nitrous oxide.
is it possible to extract D-ether by using certain liquids to separate the butanes an other propellans e.i. placing it with isatope alcahol and an oil of some sort
im trying to be time efficient as well and via less complexity. even if the consentrait is not as high of D-E .
how are you doing this without some sort of breathing safety gear?? I thought ether was bad for your eyes and lungs.
and if you notice he does have an extraction fan running in the back round he has good ventilation
What is volatilization?
Great video =) What are you planning on using the ether for?
+Erik Lots of stuff. Solvent extractions and grignard reactions come to mind.
+Doug's Lab hash oil
@@kellydunn5071 didnt know that was possible. Gonna look into that
Ok, subscribed on the last video....you rock. What is your background based on (asides from organic chem?)
Funny note, but there's not videos of your face (not that it makes a difference, because your chem abilities surpass the unicorn growing out of your forehead ....ok maybe a bad joke) but the note was that there isn't one for you, nor NurdRage, or Nile Red, or any of the good ones out there.....why is that? Asides from the above-mentioned?
Thanks for the videos!
+J Alvi As a scientist, a computer one, I can tell you that personal apperance has nothing to do with science. We have a different focus on a different set of priorities.
J Alvi there is one of NileRed (bromine video from element series). I guess the main reason is preventing getting identified (NurdRage and ChemPlayer even modify their voice or use a Text-2-Speech engine). While most of what they show is legal, so might not be (no-one knows the laws :P).
Figured something along those lines. I like the method... It leaves it all to the content.
You guys provide great brain-food 😂
J Alvi I'd probably do the same thing, but I don't like filming stuff, which is unfortunate since I am very interested in chemistry and I'm doing stuff at home too (right now I'm synthesizing diethyl ether). I'd love to share my experiments, but like I said, I don't like filming and I rather spend my money on glassware & chemicals rather than a good camera. I know I could write on Forums such as sciencemadness, but these are rarely consulted for entertainment purposes...
Actually, thank you for that, I will be sure to check out the forum. I feel very similar, but what if you have a method that really does work well, and just because you only thought "this is how I do it" and not that others might actually enjoy or better yet, learn of another method ;-) maybe you should post a video or 2, people who do things out of passion show a greater process/product than those who don't. Just my 2 cents. I'll keep an eye out for your videos ☺️
All starter fluid I can get where I live have pentane in it. Pentane has almost the same boiling point as ether (36,1C vs 34,6 C). Is there any way to separate the two?
Try finding something that reacts with pentane but not ether (or the other way around, you can probably get away with using pentane for grignards and extractions) and then distill it
I would perhaps try extraction with methanol or ethanol, these 2 should have higher affinity towards the ether rather than towards pentane
Stupid question: "Do you have to store ether in a refrigerator to prevent it from vaporizing away?"
Cry Havoc No, with an amber colored bottle sealed with teflon tape and a lid apart from some KOH or NaOH flakes is sufficient as long as the temperature is below 25 ° C
A good use for your Heptane is it is great at cleaning the oily organics out of DMT
Still haven’t gotten good at chem. Also not asking for ya people. But where do you learn good methods. Im tryna bufo extract but apparently a lot of peoples methods are simple false or at the very least garbage. One if heard good about is very simple tho🤫 what we were talking about?
I figure using HDPE red gas storage tank with a heating blanket would work. It would be easy to rig something up with HDPE tubing to do this.
Good job
Would you please do a project I need?
I need to make a hand boiler
I can pay for your help if you can
I was told its just Methylene chloride which can be bought in any store
You drew the molecule upside down haha
Blowing the engine fluid through water separates the petroleum through the reverse osmosis and I believed that it is pure diet laser that sets on top of the water in the sense of oil and vinegar oil and water
Explains how flammable it is, while showing how close you have to a light bulb.
to get fluid from the can hold it upside down and spray all the co2 out then puncture the canand pour it out
blake hancock that is very low quality and you lose a lot of ether
Does your wooden bench have fire retardant?
+Ali Caglayan Nope. Straight plywood. Lots of stains.
I understand you are in a pretty well ventilated fume hood but wouldn't be smarter to run your vacuum adapter discharge through a bubbler/ gas washer? This would do two things; first purge most if not all the atmosphere out of your glassware (Which is likely the case already with your setup) and second; provide a blocking head if the vapors were to catch fire preventing a back feed as the gases burn saving you from exploding glassware. What it all comes down to are the gas flow rates and likely the low flow rates from your vacuum adapter discharge could result in a back feed explosion if the vapors were to catch fire.
+Andrew Mayhall True, but the vapors exiting are well above the upper explosive limits of propane and isobutane. I definitely could have, but the danger only exists for a short period of time during warmup.
Great video, you just earned a new sub :)
awesome shit dude..two thumbs up... and I totally get breaking bad now... would you like to come by for dinner?
Make a comeback!!
I could be wrong but I think yeast enzymes, and hydrochloric acid, in the presence of ethanol, whether it's "dry" or not, will also produce Aether...cuz I found these mushrooms that are decomposers and I'm thinking they have an ability to produce Trace Amounts of hydrochloric acid, and with enzymes from yeast present also, probably allow it to produce Aether, which then you could distill straight out of the solution, you wouldn't have to like overcomplicate it so much...
I could be wrong cuz I don't have a GC/MS thingy, but a lot of these things that I'm f****** around with, if you put it in the right instrument it'll give you a readout that you could discern from it, maybe that's Aether.... it doesn't always tell you exactly what it is.
But I would do it differently, I would find an organic way to produce it in a solution, and then just bioengineer that solution to produce Aether, and then distill what I want from the solution when it's ready, re-using the living organisms, kind of like I said like making beer or Saké, which you can make repeatedly, you just add more water to the rice Koji and yeast, and then you get more Saké out of that pretty much...not infinitely... but for a good amount of time
*SEIZE THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION*
Easier to get the stuff out in liquid phase if it's upside down too.
My method for extraction of DE is very very simple and mo better. Turn can upside down, depress trigger or button slightly allowing for gases to escape can and stop when liquid begins to drip out of can. Your can of starting fluid is no depressurized and the propellants have been driven off leaving "good enough for my purposes" pure*ish diethyl ether. Go get your trusty can or bottle opener or pocket knife and punch you a nice big hole right in that can and pour her out. Done
I want to extract Dichloromethane from a spray that contains Dichloromethane, butane and propane. Can I use the same process?
You could have flipped the can upside down an bled the propellant off then out a hole in the can an poured it out.
Hmm,
I buy denatured ethanol for 2.90€/L at my local supermarket. Given that I can make 210ml of ether with 350ml of ethanol (70% yield), I can calculate that my self-made ether is about 5€ per liter... That is without the sulfuric acid, which is cheap too. Since the only chemicals present in the reaction are ethanol, water, sulfuric acid and diethyl ether (and some sand xD), I don't have to worry about the volatility of other components.
The only downside is that reaction needs to be really hot, which poses a risk of fire and getting the denatured ethanol somewhat pure takes some time (it's 95% ethanol, 1% MEK, 10mg/L Bittrex and the rest is water). Usually I distill the ethanol to get rid of the Bittrex, then I reflux it over NaOH for 8h to polymerize the MEK, distill off the ethanol, dry it with CaCl2 and distill it off again into a bottle. As said, it takes time, but mostly it's on autopilot.
CaCl2 cannot dry Ethanol as it forms an adduct I think
@@timmulm yes. It seems I was not aware of that back in the day. At some point I switched to using molecular sieves instead.
@@ColinRies thanks for the answer. Do you think anhydrous MgSO4 would work? I never heard of MgSO4 Ethanol adducts.
And do you think 8h refluxing is really necessary? Typical the aldol reactions proceed very fast in unter one hour.
@@timmulm I have no idea if MgSO4 would work. I don't see why not, but I have also never tried...
About reaction time, I never tried less. Sure aldol might be fast, but keep in mind the concentration of butanone is about 1% at the start and then continuously goes lower. It was my chemistry teacher who told me to reflux it overnight, so that's what I did.
@@ColinRies Okay, I might give it a try. Is it really completely odourless after the process? Of course Ethanol on its own has a smell as well, but is every bit of Butanone removed? Often these reactions are equilibriums and then some of it is left. And how much NaOH for let's say 500ml of Ethanol/Butanone mixture?
I need that
Fuuuuck just bought 30 to 40. Wish i woulda looked for the 50
How old is this video? There hasn't been real diethyl ether in starting fluid for 20 years here! They use petroleum ether now so beware.
n-Heptane has a octane rating of 0. Branched octanes e.g. 2,2,4 TMP = 100.
Looks like I'll be picking up some cheap starter fluid, no more $40 500ml bottles of ether for me.
On a side note I didn't hear any mention of explosive peroxides forming, If you manage to get some decently pure ether you'll want to add a stabilizer to prevent that, things can go south fast with peroxides. I believe butylated hydroxytoluene is the stabilizer of choice since you only need a miniscule amount to prevent peroxide formation, like PPM miniscule...
you can turn the can upside down, spray the propellant out, poke a hole in the can (gently) and dump the liquid out. I'm sure some (hillbilly backyard chemists) can tell you this😂😂😂
True but he also indicated a few times that desired product will leave with the propellants if the process is too rapid and does not take a bit of time up the fractionating column. It would certainly speed up the process.
than u sir
🔥💣⚗️yikes!
Every kindergarten knows about that
ether
Hey can plz do a vid on lsd
On the cob
Did you know the human cells love ether!😒
invest in a microphone that has noise canceling.
You could put your weed in there
I know about drugs
don't want to sound negative but no way in hell I would do this with a maid in India mental noblesse Shield ain't happening
I was shor
drugs lab* xdd
Your the type I am speaking about! You shouldn't assume Breaking Bad is based on reality. Please stop making unfounded comments like that! The people like Doug, Nile Red, Nurd Rage and many others are incredible chemists and extremely helpful to the home chemist and help the chemistry enthusiast locate or synthesize precursors from OTC's products that would normally be hard to obtain either because of cost or the fact that it's hard to find.
This is cheating. You have to make the diethyl ether yourself from ethanol or another molecule.
i need some contact me