@@barhamitzvah I mean they work for a publicly funded institution, they should not have the right to patent or keep private technology which we all paid for...
@@vineleak7676 But unfortunately, often that is not how Academia works. It is refreshing to see a change happening in the attitude, globally, to see the trend towards open source and open access publications in Academia.
This is basically a CT scanner in reverse. A CT (computed tomography) works by having an Xray camera rapidly spin around an object taking hundreds of Xrays that a computer then reconstructs into a 3D scan of the object. This works in reverse, taking a 3D scan and splitting it into many still images that get projected like a video onto the object as it rotates. The high transparency of the resin means the light can pass through like an Xray and interact with the whole vial, but only cure when repeatedly exposed from multiple angles as the vial rotates.
more like PT (Proton / Particle Therapy) ... when you dose tisue with radiation to kill cancer from different angles to increase dossage on specific location.
@@nicellis44 if you go to the llnl sure that describes it says that "The necessary light fields are spatially and/or temporally multiplexed, such that their summed energy dose in a target resin volume crosslinks the resin into a user-defined geometry." It talks about controlling either the phase or the amplitude. If your controlling the phase it may be that there are bright and dark interference fringes. An example is seen with pretty much any laser when it illuminates a surface. It looks sort of grainy and sparkly because as you move spots go in and out of phase. It's how a fiber bragg grating is made. Interference along the fiber makes bright and dark spots, damaging the fiber at the bright fringes and making a periodic change in the refractive index.
@@KnightsWithoutATable bad comparision - more like pausing a print to insect screws or nuts :) It is more about beeing able to use different manufacturing techniques first before using 3D printing
Forgive me, but I think "probably" should not be in that sentence, stranger. What someone with more brains and creativity than me will be able come up with will be utterly amazing!
WOW, the implementation of print time alon, for medical supplies is incredible. BUT THE ABILITY TO PRINTOVER OBJECTS?! Especially at that scale is INSANE, great work. Excited to see this get used for incredible things.
@@polycrystallinecandy No it's not, most scientific articles are behind paywalls. The modern day scientific peer review journal system (invented in the 1970s) has significantly held back the progress of science.
@@SchemingGoldberg Free as in speech, not as in beer. You can pay to access and then freely use the knowledge in your projects, commercial or not. If you don't want to pay, email the authors and most of the time they'll just send you a copy if you show genuine interest in their work. And most people actually working in the field already have access through their institution or work. There are non-peer-reviewed journals and pay-to-publish journals. Most of "research" there is dumpster quality. Open-access peer-reviewed journals are great, but you usually have to pay a much higher fee as an author
"links down below"... yes, I see lots of links, but none of them seem to be relevant to the video? Shouldn't there be a link to the open source project y'all were discussing?
@DimitriSokolyuk Very disappointing for something that's supposed to be in development and hot. A 3-year-old most recent commit seems like they've moved on and are no longer active, at least for this repot. I'd love to be proved wrong, however.
Fantastic work, BUT, what I don't get is how comes the photons passing through the resin to form the structure don't actually polymerise the path they pass through?! In fact they probably do but the intensity of the light is designed to be high where the structure is and lower on the way to it. This raises the question of how reusable the remaining resin which probably would contain semi-polymerised resin, which is unlike SLA is mostly reusable.. worth clarifying...
@@belthesheep3550 I understood it, so that the lense of a projector can focus the light at one point, that’s why u need to twist the lense when having a projector to make the image crisp. The machine does that automatically and therefore can focus the light in a 3d space.
@@tnttolleneuetipps9582 yes the intensity of the light where the structure is must be the highest due to the focussing effect, but the resin on the way to the focal point will still cure even if that is slow cure the left over resin is unlikely re-usable.
Probably a few different reasons #1 how fast the material cures #2 the black background that absorbs excess photons #3 the variable UV strength controlled by the program rather than a steady constant UV source But I'm not a scientist or an engineer, I'm just a mechanic that 3d prints in my spare time
Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... It reminds me of when I wrote my first programs in Basic, and then in assembler... Ha ha...
Cool to see a video of that. I visited UC Berkley 5 years ago and talked with Hossein Heidari (left one in your picture) about that. We also made a "Thinker" in a glass vile which I still have. Cool technology.
It is such an exciting time in 3D printing right now! I remember in the 1980s when plotters and early dot matrix printers became consumer grade…. slow and low quality… in rapid advance we moved to color then laser, etc… i see the same future for 3D printing where we will be printing large, complex models in minutes! Very cool!!
I've seen something like this about 20 years ago at NJIT. Instead of a projector they used multiple lasers around the object. Not sure what happened to it, though. The professor that showed me an example print was quite peeved that they were using it just to make models of molecules and not seeing the value of the creation.
I might have missed it, but why doesn't this need support? Is the cured plastic at the same density as the "goop"? Then when you printed the copper piece, how's that work
Thank you Joel for your great coverage of such cool technology for our future! And thank you to all my fellow engineers making our tomorrow possible for the world to enjoy.
With this technology it’s just a matter of time until someone could be waiting on the surgical table while their new 3d printed organs are being made, truly fascinating
This is really interesting. I did my PhD in optimisations to the Expectation Maximisation algorithm which is what I expect he means by "optimisation" for slicing. I had a similar idea to this but instead of a single source of light you would use two where only the overlap would cure. Similar to the 3D laser engravings in blocks of glass
I am really glad photo catalytic processing has made it fully into the mainstream of 3D printing like this, we are not far from having everything except the ability to reclaim or print items directly from raw ores like I am currently working on, so by the time I am done I will be able to pull off the shelf developed processes to incorporate it into, Now if my 9-23 pin printer head design based multi fused filament print head were being worked on. need that code to allow going from 3D design to G-code to control it is all LOL Then we can have 3 hour prints happen in a minute or two instead of current 3 hour time lines.
I imagine weight of an object would become an issue beyond a certain point, in which case perhaps a hanging or supporting structure could be formed at the same time or first, and then the model printed so it wouldn't collapse in the fluid. Would obviously be great to see this scaled, although there are many applications that need small parts that it can essentially do already.
I'm guessing they control the focus very carefully and have a very shallow depth of field on the optics for projecting the light. maybe for example it's really only exposing focused light right across the center of the container and the unfocused light is low enough intensity to not solidify the outer surface. so the part is really being exposed from the center outwards
@@TheJunky228 Probably why you need to voxelize the model, and not just project a turnaround... Something like 360º printing layers (in a spiral), held in mid-air. You would probably need cero G to print big parts, or maybe start over a core support. Also, likely all that magic is happening at a very narrow slice of the fluid.
Hey! Awesome video, never heard of that kind of printing before, I love the novel approach. Two question that ocurred to me: 1. In classic SLA resin printing, your print adheres to a build plate which is obviously necessary to perform Z axis movement, but also stabilizes the print so it reliably returns to the same postion to continue curing. Question: Is there anything like a build plate in this printing style? What secures the print in space to prevent shift? Is the solution THAT viscous? Seems like this kind of printing would also profit from some sort of "fixture" for the print. 2. Do you know if this also works with more opaque or colored resins? Classical SLA gets around the opacity by only printing at a surface very close to the light source with no other resin in the way (always at the bottom of the vat) but this one looked like it printed in the middle of the tube? :D
All we need to do now is combine this machine with AI generated 3-D models and will be able to just ask it to make some thing and it will appear before our eyes.
Very nice - however, is it possible to print details that are inside the piece? Or models made of multiple layers of parts? For example, what if I want the center empty or made in a pattern like a honeycomb?
This is so cool. I can't wait for a startup company to come in and work with the Berkley team to create a commercial grade CAL printer. I predict that will happen in 3 to 4 years.
They should try a second projector at a 180 degree angle and a mirrored video to speed up curing time. I would also think slower spin would give more accurate results and that may be worth reducing the lux of the projection, even though the fluid is stationary relative to the container that is spinning, relative to the world the inner fluid is stationary while the outer fluid is moving. so as the chains are formed and the fluid is displaced the viscosity of the fluid as a whole changes, I think those chains are going to get pushed sometimes and that's what is possibly causing the lined artifacts shown at 6:02. I also wonder if it would be best to print a core or some sort of support structure, to print on top of as a first step.
I am glad I stayed away from resin printing, axial lithography will definitely be something I might upgrade from a normal 3d printer. When its in my price range and available.
That's really interesting. I have a doubt though. When we are rotating a container filled with liquid, the liquid may not rotate with same rate as the container. This effect will be lower for a liquid with high viscosity and less density, but it will always be present. Does this pose an issue in this technique? The solution could be simple, i.e. rotate it slowly or rotate the light source.
Wait, so while it's shining one image into the container it would basically cure one big slab that's throughout the whole cylinder? But since it's rotating most of the light crosses through the middle more often and that's why it cures only there (but still the outer/unwanted regions would get affected a little right?)?
I had a go getting the software to work a year ago but python was a bit fiddly and it wouldn't compile. I might have another go now. For a projector you could try a 2nd hand dlp one, they can be had for £40 ish on ebay. The bulb can still fire out enough uv to cure resin even if it takes longer. Ther are also ways to replace the bulb unit with a uv lamp. I was planning to try mixing standard resin with something to thicken it, or maybe just use supports to keep things simple. I work in dentistry so a lot resin I use is opaque. This would be fine for surgical guides and aligners however, cooking those up in 2 minutes would be very appealing.
Excellent, but when are we going to have progress in research for the use of materials or resins that are non-toxic and can be used at home, or that the curing process is less complex?
So something like this, can it print large items or would there be issues with light penetration into a "deeper" liquid? Also, with this method can we assume it can ONLY print solid objects or would there be voids inside the resin?
The intro to Small Soldiers in 1998 was filmed at 3D Systems Tech Center in Valencia, California in 1997. The machine used was an SLA 5000 which is a laser 3D Printer. This was 26 years ago. This is hardly cutting edge tech any more. It’s still expensive to produce parts this way and it’s cheaper to mass produce and import from a cheaper labor nation, unfortunately.
For all the horrible crap on RUclips, this is just fantastic!! Thank you, thank you, thank you… Videos like this are the perfect antidote to the Fascist driven anti-intellectualism that’s rampant right now. Subscribed, liked and deeply appreciated! ❤
I’m surprised it’s not just projecting light through a single vertical slit for extra control over the exposure. Maybe that would be more important for larger objects. Either way, amazing!
This really has a lot of similarities with computed tomography! I wonder if it could be possible to create this kind of prints using the radiographs obtained from a CT scan (with maybe some image processing to adapt them for the projection into the resin). Anyway, really interesting, thanks for sharing!
This is absolutely incredible… but could someone explain the light/curing part for dummies like me? I‘m not sure if i get it… How does the rest of the liquid not harden between the beamer and the to be printed object? Is it something with the focal length? How does that work with a full image then? i would kinda get it if it was a laser, but a beamer?! where does the precision come from? how come the parts that will be hardened can be controlled so precisely? before warching the video i expected some blobby prints, but these are already very detailed…
на самом деле это не требуется. если вы посмотрите, как создают изображения из ниток, натянутых на гвоздики, расставленные по периметру изображения, вам станет понятней. вы мыслите как фотограф, а нужно мыслить с точки зрения того, сколько энергии было передано каждой точке среды за один оборот. И тогда вы поймёте.
Oooh, you should definetely print a Benchie in a bottle, but with a single run. I've seen this being done with some trickery, but having an actual tech to do this in one step seems to be much cooler. 😊
Cool stuff. What about a dual spectrum activated resin. Have a laser wall and a projector to print the slices. Do they have multi spectrum curing resin yet?
How do they avoid radial smearing caused by the fact they are rotating the beaker, which would lead to a non-uniform angular velocity for different regions of the resin according to the normal physics of laminar flow (the velocity will be highest closest to the beaker walls, and slowest at the center)? Wouldn’t it be better, but much more complicated to rotate the projector around the beaker? Actually, the ultimate would be to have a complete 360 radial projector so that nothing moves and the whole process is massively accelerated. That would be even more complicated, however!
I'm thinking, what if you had a conical mirror around the vat and the projection points up under the vat onto the mirror which reflects each light ray to be horizontal and towards the center of the vat. Something like this (if my ascii art hold together) / | | \ / | | \ ------------- \ | | / V
@@user-it7kg3pm4q The viscosity of honey is quite low, only 2000-3000cps (especially compared with some of the engineering adhesives I work with). In any case, the effect will still occur (to some degree), especially if there are any attempts to scale up the process. Of course this could be partly offset by moving to higher viscosity resins (like in the tens of thousands of cps), but they would present challenges of their own.
I would be curious if one could get better results with a two step photoinitiation process at 2 different wavelenghts projected from two perpendicular projectors. (essentially 1 photoinitiator gets activated, reacts with a second one, that gets thus primed to absorb the second wavelength and and then provides the free radical for the polymerization). Essentially giving you depth dosing ability. Maybe one could use a upconversion nanoparticle system (where the end state would emit the blue light necessary for photoinitiation). That would let one avoid the potential kinetic problems with a 2 stage chemical process. I wonder if the polymer they are using has a third initiation quencher component to limit the polymerization spatially, or if left alone the vial just solidifies completely over time.
Just as a matter of course, is there any way that you could include toughness specs relative to other printing methods' final results? ...And...if it's not too much to ask...maybe even ask a few questions about toughness, get a closeup camera shot of the printed "thinker", maybe show a drone propeller or bike-pedal printed with the stuff...maybe a breaking test like you did with the CCF "black aluminum" (nylon+CCF). ...I might actually want to use some of this stuff to try to do something useful. I'd like to know when we're getting close to open source 3D printed engines, etc.
What keeps the object being created from dropping to the bottom of the vial. If it is the viscosity of the magic goo then wouldn't there be a size limit in your printing? Or would there a pre-existing tether be employed?
the explanation was the interesting part, it could have been more in-depth even. people watch 3 hour podcasts, long-form conversation really is the superior format
Nice! I'm surprised it works with a single projector. I would imagine it creates lines all the way through the 'goo'. I suppose the focusing distance has a big impact on this, but still, there is kind of excess light continuously going through the medium, curing it.
I think the trick is that the goo only cures if it has light consistently pushed through it. The rotation is why it doesn't have "lines" where the light projects through - it is only where the lines intersect consistently (thus the precise calculation for the projected images) that it cures.
Seems like this should be fairly easy to build commercial systems, the parts appear easy to source. As Taylor says the magic is the software and the resin material
Wow wow wow, what type of metal? This techs come a long, way fast. Still a long way to go but man is CAL is some real serous tech ;P Really do love it. Was thinking of ways to do this in color a few months back. lmao didn't make a tone of progress in actualizing anything but might have an idea or two.
This dude's a really good presenter. He even has the textbook engineer nerd voice.
@@reinux I’m sure he will love to read that
@@ViewMyBits I thought about that, but I do mean it in the best way possible :D
he sounds like a toned town version of styropyro, very fitting
Hell yeah! Kudos to these folks for making things open source!
@@barhamitzvah I mean they work for a publicly funded institution, they should not have the right to patent or keep private technology which we all paid for...
It's not like we have any equipment for it.. And it means it might get commercialized.
@@vineleak7676 But unfortunately, often that is not how Academia works. It is refreshing to see a change happening in the attitude, globally, to see the trend towards open source and open access publications in Academia.
This is basically a CT scanner in reverse. A CT (computed tomography) works by having an Xray camera rapidly spin around an object taking hundreds of Xrays that a computer then reconstructs into a 3D scan of the object.
This works in reverse, taking a 3D scan and splitting it into many still images that get projected like a video onto the object as it rotates. The high transparency of the resin means the light can pass through like an Xray and interact with the whole vial, but only cure when repeatedly exposed from multiple angles as the vial rotates.
more like PT (Proton / Particle Therapy) ... when you dose tisue with radiation to kill cancer from different angles to increase dossage on specific location.
does that mean you need to change the whole vial every time other wise some of the reused resin is going to cure at unwanted places?
@@nicellis44 if you go to the llnl sure that describes it says that "The necessary light fields are spatially and/or temporally multiplexed, such that their summed energy dose in a target resin volume crosslinks the resin into a user-defined geometry."
It talks about controlling either the phase or the amplitude. If your controlling the phase it may be that there are bright and dark interference fringes. An example is seen with pretty much any laser when it illuminates a surface. It looks sort of grainy and sparkly because as you move spots go in and out of phase.
It's how a fiber bragg grating is made. Interference along the fiber makes bright and dark spots, damaging the fiber at the bright fringes and making a periodic change in the refractive index.
So if I got a CT scan of a broken bone, this would be the most 1:1 technology to reproduce a physical 3D model of it?
Axial Lithography... so hot right now...
I can see Will saying this. hahaha!
@@davidtobin that's exactly the voice I was imagining when I wrote it lol
Make the projector telecentric, this will make the rays all parallel. Also replace extended light source for the projector with a laser.
Ha!
Lmao
Really neat! The overprinting probably provides a lot of interesting use cases.
Multi material printing. Multi color printing.
@@KnightsWithoutATable bad comparision - more like pausing a print to insect screws or nuts :)
It is more about beeing able to use different manufacturing techniques first before using 3D printing
Im an engineer at a prosthetics clinic and I am frothing at the mouth
Forgive me, but I think "probably" should not be in that sentence, stranger.
What someone with more brains and creativity than me will be able come up with will be utterly amazing!
WOW, the implementation of print time alon, for medical supplies is incredible. BUT THE ABILITY TO PRINTOVER OBJECTS?! Especially at that scale is INSANE, great work. Excited to see this get used for incredible things.
This guy was on it! Taylor rules!
These guys definitely had fun hanging out.
Taylor is a blast!
Taylor mae this a joy to watch. Passionate about what they're going there, and able to communicate it in a natural way.
I love it when science is also open source. This is amazing stuff!
Most of science is
That is whole purpose of academics :D
Usually no secrets when working in science. Not a lot of money in it, but very nice to work in such an enviroment.
@@polycrystallinecandy No it's not, most scientific articles are behind paywalls. The modern day scientific peer review journal system (invented in the 1970s) has significantly held back the progress of science.
@@SchemingGoldberg Free as in speech, not as in beer. You can pay to access and then freely use the knowledge in your projects, commercial or not. If you don't want to pay, email the authors and most of the time they'll just send you a copy if you show genuine interest in their work. And most people actually working in the field already have access through their institution or work.
There are non-peer-reviewed journals and pay-to-publish journals. Most of "research" there is dumpster quality. Open-access peer-reviewed journals are great, but you usually have to pay a much higher fee as an author
This is a great video and Taylor just seems like a great person. I can feel the enthusiasm from here and it is infectious. 👍
Taylor really is a great speaker. I thoroughly enjoyed this video, thanks!
Thanks for watching! Taylor is such a good human.
SO much potential with this tech. Taylor is cool too...knowledgeable and lively and not afraid of the camera.
"links down below"... yes, I see lots of links, but none of them seem to be relevant to the video? Shouldn't there be a link to the open source project y'all were discussing?
yes. crud. I forgot when prepping the video yesterday. I'll get that done right now.
@@3DPrintingNerd so awesome to see a responsive creator
Not much is going on here. Hardware: last imported 5 years ago, Software: last imported 3 years ago. And no further development.
@DimitriSokolyuk Very disappointing for something that's supposed to be in development and hot. A 3-year-old most recent commit seems like they've moved on and are no longer active, at least for this repot. I'd love to be proved wrong, however.
"This new design is expected to be available in June 2021." Yeah, seems like an abandoned repo.
Fantastic work, BUT, what I don't get is how comes the photons passing through the resin to form the structure don't actually polymerise the path they pass through?! In fact they probably do but the intensity of the light is designed to be high where the structure is and lower on the way to it. This raises the question of how reusable the remaining resin which probably would contain semi-polymerised resin, which is unlike SLA is mostly reusable.. worth clarifying...
The resin is most likely calibrated to only respond to the laser’s focal point
@@brandonquarles1484 It's not using a laser
@@belthesheep3550 I understood it, so that the lense of a projector can focus the light at one point, that’s why u need to twist the lense when having a projector to make the image crisp. The machine does that automatically and therefore can focus the light in a 3d space.
@@tnttolleneuetipps9582 yes the intensity of the light where the structure is must be the highest due to the focussing effect, but the resin on the way to the focal point will still cure even if that is slow cure the left over resin is unlikely re-usable.
Probably a few different reasons
#1 how fast the material cures
#2 the black background that absorbs excess photons
#3 the variable UV strength controlled by the program rather than a steady constant UV source
But I'm not a scientist or an engineer, I'm just a mechanic that 3d prints in my spare time
Automatic thumbs for using a Monty Python clip after someone says Python.
😉
Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python... Python...
It reminds me of when I wrote my first programs in Basic, and then in assembler... Ha ha...
Cool to see a video of that. I visited UC Berkley 5 years ago and talked with Hossein Heidari (left one in your picture) about that. We also made a "Thinker" in a glass vile which I still have. Cool technology.
@yourt00bz story.
Exciting stuff!
It is such an exciting time in 3D printing right now! I remember in the 1980s when plotters and early dot matrix printers became consumer grade…. slow and low quality… in rapid advance we moved to color then laser, etc… i see the same future for 3D printing where we will be printing large, complex models in minutes! Very cool!!
I've seen something like this about 20 years ago at NJIT. Instead of a projector they used multiple lasers around the object. Not sure what happened to it, though. The professor that showed me an example print was quite peeved that they were using it just to make models of molecules and not seeing the value of the creation.
Oh snap, you're at my alma mater! Cool!
It’s SUCH a good place!
I might have missed it, but why doesn't this need support? Is the cured plastic at the same density as the "goop"?
Then when you printed the copper piece, how's that work
This was awesome. My son has become interested in printing after we picked up an ender 3 se last Christmas. Creativity is the key to innovation.
That is awesome!
Thank you Joel for your great coverage of such cool technology for our future! And thank you to all my fellow engineers making our tomorrow possible for the world to enjoy.
Wish the video went more into the challenges of creating larger prints, and what they're doing to try and improve on that front.
Amazing, I like their energy. I hope this to become the standard it has a lot of potential
Everything has a beginning!! The future 3D hardware and software.
Wow!! Looking forward for this technology to improve!
Crazy to see how one technology leads to another, amazing stuff..
this is literal magic, the entire thing just materialises
This is awesome. And when its fully perfected and ready for the general masses for in home printing it will be an absolute 3d printing revolution.
I so hope this will develop massively and we'll have a commercial product in a few years!
If someone needs this, yes.
Sorry, wants.
Would an amber bottle help keep that solution safer in the light?
@@DeAthWaGer that’s what I thought when they said it’s very photosensitive
Exactly! Reminds me of hydrogen peroxide. The bottles are brown since light will cause a photochemical reaction.
With this technology it’s just a matter of time until someone could be waiting on the surgical table while their new 3d printed organs are being made, truly fascinating
I love these science based videos! Good stuff guys.
So awesome. Thanks so much for sharing your expertise and advances. Can't wait to see what else you'll have to share in the future.
joel ma man, thank you for sharing 3d printing development with us. this is totally unique and awesome. you're awesome!
I would rotate the projector, that way your fluid might be more stable and perhaps achieve better printing result, just an idea :)
This is really interesting. I did my PhD in optimisations to the Expectation Maximisation algorithm which is what I expect he means by "optimisation" for slicing. I had a similar idea to this but instead of a single source of light you would use two where only the overlap would cure. Similar to the 3D laser engravings in blocks of glass
This guy has such an engaging personality. Idk wth he’s saying half the time but I’m excited to hear it.
Taylor is such a good human.
Ok so I am not a 3d printer guy but I am a science guy and this sir is epic! OMG the applications I can think of for tech like this. Wow, super cool.
I am really glad photo catalytic processing has made it fully into the mainstream of 3D printing like this, we are not far from having everything except the ability to reclaim or print items directly from raw ores like I am currently working on, so by the time I am done I will be able to pull off the shelf developed processes to incorporate it into, Now if my 9-23 pin printer head design based multi fused filament print head were being worked on. need that code to allow going from 3D design to G-code to control it is all LOL Then we can have 3 hour prints happen in a minute or two instead of current 3 hour time lines.
Pretty neat! Thanks so much for sharing.
Cool stuff!! I gotta say, i was expecting a little bit more than 7 minutes in a ‘deep dive’
We have more coming soon :)
Wow! It's the feeling when I've 1st saw Blender 3d v2.56 :D
I hope that you'll evolve in the right direction, guys! Very impressive stuff!
I imagine weight of an object would become an issue beyond a certain point, in which case perhaps a hanging or supporting structure could be formed at the same time or first, and then the model printed so it wouldn't collapse in the fluid. Would obviously be great to see this scaled, although there are many applications that need small parts that it can essentially do already.
This young guy was really bad at communicating at first, and over the year, him forcibly being the spokesman, hes gotten so much better
It is very nice to see scientific papers being produced on the ground
This has the potential to be amazing in medical fields. Starting with a hearing aid, ending with replacement parts elsewhere in the body
The overprinting ability is insanely cool!
But the process itself is already amazing
This just blows my mind. This really is just magic. I cannot grasp how this is possible.
I finally have a use for that old projector I picked up from Goodwill for $10!
you get a thumbs up for using a real genius clip!
This is really cool.
What prevents the beam of light from solidifying the outer surface of the resin first?
I'm guessing they control the focus very carefully and have a very shallow depth of field on the optics for projecting the light. maybe for example it's really only exposing focused light right across the center of the container and the unfocused light is low enough intensity to not solidify the outer surface. so the part is really being exposed from the center outwards
@@TheJunky228 Probably why you need to voxelize the model, and not just project a turnaround... Something like 360º printing layers (in a spiral), held in mid-air. You would probably need cero G to print big parts, or maybe start over a core support. Also, likely all that magic is happening at a very narrow slice of the fluid.
Hey! Awesome video, never heard of that kind of printing before, I love the novel approach. Two question that ocurred to me:
1. In classic SLA resin printing, your print adheres to a build plate which is obviously necessary to perform Z axis movement, but also stabilizes the print so it reliably returns to the same postion to continue curing. Question: Is there anything like a build plate in this printing style? What secures the print in space to prevent shift? Is the solution THAT viscous? Seems like this kind of printing would also profit from some sort of "fixture" for the print.
2. Do you know if this also works with more opaque or colored resins? Classical SLA gets around the opacity by only printing at a surface very close to the light source with no other resin in the way (always at the bottom of the vat) but this one looked like it printed in the middle of the tube? :D
Beautiful video & anazing tech.
Thanks for sharing this! 🤗
Aye, Taylor did that shit. He's a natural
That is pretty frickin' cool!
Stuff has star trek replicator vibes
I had the same thought
All we need to do now is combine this machine with AI generated 3-D models and will be able to just ask it to make some thing and it will appear before our eyes.
love it, going to eliminate the need for super large hot presses that make parts, way less waste, seems like almost no waste.
Very nice - however, is it possible to print details that are inside the piece? Or models made of multiple layers of parts? For example, what if I want the center empty or made in a pattern like a honeycomb?
amazing! thank you very much for this video!
Glad you liked it!
This is so cool. I can't wait for a startup company to come in and work with the Berkley team to create a commercial grade CAL printer. I predict that will happen in 3 to 4 years.
So I'm assuming all the resin remaining in the bottle is not spent and unusable?
that seems neat
They should try a second projector at a 180 degree angle and a mirrored video to speed up curing time. I would also think slower spin would give more accurate results and that may be worth reducing the lux of the projection, even though the fluid is stationary relative to the container that is spinning, relative to the world the inner fluid is stationary while the outer fluid is moving. so as the chains are formed and the fluid is displaced the viscosity of the fluid as a whole changes, I think those chains are going to get pushed sometimes and that's what is possibly causing the lined artifacts shown at 6:02.
I also wonder if it would be best to print a core or some sort of support structure, to print on top of as a first step.
That is very cool and very very exciting! I love science lol. Great video.
I am glad I stayed away from resin printing, axial lithography will definitely be something I might upgrade from a normal 3d printer. When its in my price range and available.
That's really interesting.
I have a doubt though. When we are rotating a container filled with liquid, the liquid may not rotate with same rate as the container. This effect will be lower for a liquid with high viscosity and less density, but it will always be present.
Does this pose an issue in this technique?
The solution could be simple, i.e. rotate it slowly or rotate the light source.
They ARE rotating it slowly, looks like one rotation takes about 8 seconds
Wait, so while it's shining one image into the container it would basically cure one big slab that's throughout the whole cylinder? But since it's rotating most of the light crosses through the middle more often and that's why it cures only there (but still the outer/unwanted regions would get affected a little right?)?
How accurate can the cooper parts be made? I'm really interested in this!
I had a go getting the software to work a year ago but python was a bit fiddly and it wouldn't compile. I might have another go now.
For a projector you could try a 2nd hand dlp one, they can be had for £40 ish on ebay. The bulb can still fire out enough uv to cure resin even if it takes longer. Ther are also ways to replace the bulb unit with a uv lamp.
I was planning to try mixing standard resin with something to thicken it, or maybe just use supports to keep things simple.
I work in dentistry so a lot resin I use is opaque. This would be fine for surgical guides and aligners however, cooking those up in 2 minutes would be very appealing.
Excellent, but when are we going to have progress in research for the use of materials or resins that are non-toxic and can be used at home, or that the curing process is less complex?
Interesting, but will it scale? The light will have to pass through more and more of the medium when you want bigger prints.
So something like this, can it print large items or would there be issues with light penetration into a "deeper" liquid?
Also, with this method can we assume it can ONLY print solid objects or would there be voids inside the resin?
Should be able to make voids no problem, though you'd need to have a way for the fluid to get out of the void after.
@blugobln85 that's what I was thinking too. Might need to drill a hole or something
The intro to Small Soldiers in 1998 was filmed at 3D Systems Tech Center in Valencia, California in 1997. The machine used was an SLA 5000 which is a laser 3D Printer. This was 26 years ago. This is hardly cutting edge tech any more. It’s still expensive to produce parts this way and it’s cheaper to mass produce and import from a cheaper labor nation, unfortunately.
For all the horrible crap on RUclips, this is just fantastic!! Thank you, thank you, thank you… Videos like this are the perfect antidote to the Fascist driven anti-intellectualism that’s rampant right now.
Subscribed, liked and deeply appreciated! ❤
I’m surprised it’s not just projecting light through a single vertical slit for extra control over the exposure. Maybe that would be more important for larger objects. Either way, amazing!
This really has a lot of similarities with computed tomography! I wonder if it could be possible to create this kind of prints using the radiographs obtained from a CT scan (with maybe some image processing to adapt them for the projection into the resin). Anyway, really interesting, thanks for sharing!
This is absolutely incredible… but could someone explain the light/curing part for dummies like me? I‘m not sure if i get it… How does the rest of the liquid not harden between the beamer and the to be printed object? Is it something with the focal length? How does that work with a full image then? i would kinda get it if it was a laser, but a beamer?! where does the precision come from? how come the parts that will be hardened can be controlled so precisely? before warching the video i expected some blobby prints, but these are already very detailed…
на самом деле это не требуется. если вы посмотрите, как создают изображения из ниток, натянутых на гвоздики, расставленные по периметру изображения, вам станет понятней. вы мыслите как фотограф, а нужно мыслить с точки зрения того, сколько энергии было передано каждой точке среды за один оборот. И тогда вы поймёте.
Oooh, you should definetely print a Benchie in a bottle, but with a single run. I've seen this being done with some trickery, but having an actual tech to do this in one step seems to be much cooler. 😊
I was going to day i remember see this around 2019/2020 ish the very first time, i was very excited when I saw it.
Cool stuff. What about a dual spectrum activated resin. Have a laser wall and a projector to print the slices. Do they have multi spectrum curing resin yet?
Fascinating, thank you.
Glad you enjoyed it
How do they avoid radial smearing caused by the fact they are rotating the beaker, which would lead to a non-uniform angular velocity for different regions of the resin according to the normal physics of laminar flow (the velocity will be highest closest to the beaker walls, and slowest at the center)?
Wouldn’t it be better, but much more complicated to rotate the projector around the beaker? Actually, the ultimate would be to have a complete 360 radial projector so that nothing moves and the whole process is massively accelerated. That would be even more complicated, however!
@@user-it7kg3pm4qit would still share fluid properties. Although it would be mitigated, there would be some some movement
I'm thinking, what if you had a conical mirror around the vat and the projection points up under the vat onto the mirror which reflects each light ray to be horizontal and towards the center of the vat. Something like this (if my ascii art hold together)
/ | | \
/ | | \
-------------
\ | | /
V
@@user-it7kg3pm4q The viscosity of honey is quite low, only 2000-3000cps (especially compared with some of the engineering adhesives I work with). In any case, the effect will still occur (to some degree), especially if there are any attempts to scale up the process.
Of course this could be partly offset by moving to higher viscosity resins (like in the tens of thousands of cps), but they would present challenges of their own.
@@user-it7kg3pm4q One can always rotate slower to adapt to any size, I guess.
@@JonS i dont see a problem with Rotation the resin already moves with the surface of the glass when tje projection starts
I would be curious if one could get better results with a two step photoinitiation process at 2 different wavelenghts projected from two perpendicular projectors. (essentially 1 photoinitiator gets activated, reacts with a second one, that gets thus primed to absorb the second wavelength and and then provides the free radical for the polymerization). Essentially giving you depth dosing ability. Maybe one could use a upconversion nanoparticle system (where the end state would emit the blue light necessary for photoinitiation). That would let one avoid the potential kinetic problems with a 2 stage chemical process. I wonder if the polymer they are using has a third initiation quencher component to limit the polymerization spatially, or if left alone the vial just solidifies completely over time.
Do you not get partially cured resin around the edges of the model?
When will there be one of these that can print things that aren't teeny tiny?
Just as a matter of course, is there any way that you could include toughness specs relative to other printing methods' final results? ...And...if it's not too much to ask...maybe even ask a few questions about toughness, get a closeup camera shot of the printed "thinker", maybe show a drone propeller or bike-pedal printed with the stuff...maybe a breaking test like you did with the CCF "black aluminum" (nylon+CCF).
...I might actually want to use some of this stuff to try to do something useful. I'd like to know when we're getting close to open source 3D printed engines, etc.
What keeps the object being created from dropping to the bottom of the vial. If it is the viscosity of the magic goo then wouldn't there be a size limit in your printing? Or would there a pre-existing tether be employed?
I expect the solid has close to the same density as the liquid resin.
Seems interesting, so this requires like no supports? How big can you make prints?
Can this be done like Lytro cameras, but backwards?
You can probably run several projectors simultaneously arranged around the target in a sphere.
the explanation was the interesting part, it could have been more in-depth even. people watch 3 hour podcasts, long-form conversation really is the superior format
Brooo, WE NEED THIS IN DENTISTRY 🎉
Nice! I'm surprised it works with a single projector. I would imagine it creates lines all the way through the 'goo'. I suppose the focusing distance has a big impact on this, but still, there is kind of excess light continuously going through the medium, curing it.
I think the trick is that the goo only cures if it has light consistently pushed through it. The rotation is why it doesn't have "lines" where the light projects through - it is only where the lines intersect consistently (thus the precise calculation for the projected images) that it cures.
Seems like this should be fairly easy to build commercial systems, the parts appear easy to source. As Taylor says the magic is the software and the resin material
WOOHOO GO TAYLOR! YEAHHHHHHH
Wow wow wow, what type of metal? This techs come a long, way fast. Still a long way to go but man is CAL is some real serous tech ;P Really do love it. Was thinking of ways to do this in color a few months back. lmao didn't make a tone of progress in actualizing anything but might have an idea or two.
This would be awesome for printing a whole heap of miniatures