Aromatic Halogenation Mechanism - Chlorination, Iodination & Bromination of Benzene
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- Опубликовано: 7 июл 2024
- This organic chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction into the aromatic halogenation reaction mechanism of benzene. It provides the mechanism of the bromination of benzene using Br2 and FeBr3 as well as the chlorination of mechanism using Cl2 and AlCl2. In addition, it discusses the iodination of Benzene using I2 and HNO3 or with H2O2 and H2SO4.
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How come for the first rxn with Bromination he didnt write the final product. Isnt it a benzene ring with with bromide attached plus FeBr3 plus HBr????
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Can we call this as the first mechanism of halogen?
What will happen if we use for example, HBr instead of Br2?
you combust
Is this reaction the same in all other aromatic compounds plz?
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Can you do one for Fluorination? Please!!
Flourination is not possible...
The only real way to add a fluorine is by using HNO2 and HBF4 direct fluorinations are explosive
I don’t understand the step where the Nucleophile ( the aromatic ring ) attacks the Electrophile ( Cl +). Why does the second carbon that forms the pi bond get the carbocation charge ? Help me please I’m slow I’m learning but this is very interesting. Chemistry might just be my favourite science
there the c atom has 3 valencies occupied,but being tetravalent it gets a + charge as the c atom above it gets chlorine so it breaks the pi bond with lower c atom
How do you know which carbon on the benzene ring to add the bromine to?
any carbon
@@tom_winguill what if there are substituents on the ring? Or if two rings are connected
@@victorsahagun9997 as bromine is an electro negetive atom it selects the cabon with high electro positive character
@@victorsahagun9997Principle of directive influence will take place, if there is +I-Group, an electron donating group on benzene prior to Br, then due to resonance negative charge is created on ortho and para position of benzene and here Br is behaving like electrophile ( a positive chaged ion) and Br will attack on Ortho and Para Position of Benzene ring. And 1-bromo-2-nitro-benzene and 1-bromo-4-nitro-benzene is formed.
And if their is a presence of negative-I Group like NO2, which is electron withdrawing group, created positive charge on Ortho and Para Position and as I said, here Br is behaving like electrophile not like electronegative atom, it will get repulsion from Ortho and Para position and attack on Meta position which is more electron rich as compared to Ortho and Para position, hence 1- Bromo-3-nitro- Benzene is formed.
@@tom_winguill No here Br is behaving like electrophile a positive charged ion, electronegativity of Br is seen when it is bonded with some other element than Br itself...
Do you have videos on polybromination? Or ortho-meta-para directors?
A bit late but a general rule is electron donators activate the Ortho and Para positions and electron withdrawing groups activate the Meta positions the only real exception is Halogens which activate the Ortho and Para positions while being electron withdrawing groups
Toluene + Br2/FeBr3 , Ortho or Para
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Why is the compound unstable
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In iodination, what's the role of the acid H2SO4??
catalyst
Yea catalyst
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Why is iodination far simpler than the other two? It's as if a solvent isn't used
This cyclic compund isn't activated
And u didn't explain the reversibility part of iodination
Waste of time