A 5,300-year-old murder mystery - Albert Zink
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 16 авг 2023
- Get to know the story of Ötzi the Iceman, a 5,300-year-old glacier mummy who researchers discovered had been murdered.
--
In September 1991, two hikers discovered a corpse emerging from the ice. Researchers soon realized they were looking at the mummified body of a man who’d lived about 5,300 years ago, and theorized he got caught in bad weather and froze. However, a shocking discovery revealed his true cause of death and upended his story. So, how did he die? Albert Zink uncovers the truth about Özti the Iceman.
Lesson by Albert Zink, directed by Andrew Foerster, Rewfoe.
Support Our Non-Profit Mission
----------------------------------------------
Support us on Patreon: bit.ly/TEDEdPatreon
Check out our merch: bit.ly/TEDEDShop
----------------------------------------------
Connect With Us
----------------------------------------------
Sign up for our newsletter: bit.ly/TEDEdNewsletter
Follow us on Facebook: bit.ly/TEDEdFacebook
Find us on Twitter: bit.ly/TEDEdTwitter
Peep us on Instagram: bit.ly/TEDEdInstagram
----------------------------------------------
Keep Learning
----------------------------------------------
View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/a-5-300-ye...
Dig deeper with additional resources: ed.ted.com/lessons/a-5-300-ye...
Animator's website: rewfoe.com
----------------------------------------------
Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Po Foon Kwong, Boffin, Jesse Jurman, Scott Markley, Elija Peterson, Ovidiu Mrd, paul g mohney, Steven Razey, Nathan Giusti, Helen Lee, Anthony Benedict, Karthik Balsubramanian, Annastasshia Ames, Amy Lopez, Vinh-Thuy Nguyen, Liz Candee, Ugur Doga Sezgin, Karmi Nguyen, John C. Vesey, Yelena Baykova, Nick Johnson, Carlos H. Costa, Jennifer Kurkoski, Ryan B Harvey, Akinola Emmanuel, Jose Arcadio Valdes Franco, Sebastiaan Vleugels, Karl Laius, JY Kang, Abhishek Goel, Heidi Stolt, Nicole Sund, Karlee Finch, Mario Mejia, Denise A Pitts, Doug Henry, Keven Webb, Mihai Sandu, Deepak Iyer, Javid Gozalov, Kyanta Yap, Rebecca Reineke, William Biersdorf, Patricia Alves Panagides, Yvette Mocete, Cyrus Garay, Samuel Barbas, LadyGeek, Marin Kovachev and Penelope Misquitta.
I hope they catch the killer soon! What is our justice system even doing, letting a murderer wander around freely for 5300 years!?
You're good 💀😂😂
what a terrible justice system
Where are the ballistic experts?
As someone who knows nothing about the justice system, I agree
@@okaydoubleuHindi nabaril si Otzi nasaksak siya at pinana huwag kang maging tanga
It’s funny how, even knowing he’s clearly dead, I still found myself rooting for him to escape the person chasing him. Poor dude, he must have felt some real fear.
apparently they found the blood of 4 other people on him; one person's was on his knife, the blood of two separate people on the same one of his arrowheads, and the last on his coat. They think he may have killed two people with the same arrow and retrieved it both times, and may have carried someone wounded on his back
considering all circumstances he was most likely some form of bandit that got caught, likely at stealing sheep and scuffled with shepherds, in initial fight he scored some hits and got away with minor injuries, then they sent hunters after him - the killing was contemporary form of delivering justice
@@stephenlawrence554 There's another caveman corpse of an old man that had an amputated leg that indicates they treated an injury and cared for him to help him recover. So much interesting stuff can be deduced by science. 🤯
@@dinf8940quite the assumption. Just as likely for someone in his village to want him dead and he defended himself.
You know, the stuff he had with him was very valuable. The fact the killer didn't take any shows they didn't want to be seen with it.
It fascinates me how much human ingenuity can learn about a corpse frozen some 5300 years ago. Kudos to the scientific community for such an interesting insight into our ancestor's lifestyles.
Have you seen the one about the old man with the amputated leg? They determine so much information from that.
@@I.____.....__...__ Is there a TED video for this?
@@I.____.....__...__ that's interesting. Where can I look that up? I'll probably search RUclips but if you have a link to a good source, it would be appreciated 🙂
Well... Yeah but I am sure that much effort could had been better applied today
Like, they might read my DNA throught fingerprint 💀
Really cool seeing the life of someone, who lived before the 7 wonders of the world and during a time where metal smelting was a fairly new concept
0 comment
23 hours late
@@ForeveryBloom😢
@@YojhanSerna 😔
5 days late…😅
I think it's kind of interesting how the body doesn't only tell you how he died, but also how the environment was like back then. I know it's not anything special, but that sort of thing brings me a weird sense of nostalgia like what life was like back then and how the landscape used to look like. I just have a fondness for cool peaks and valleys.
Never ending nature from all sides, left and right.
yes it is special, only christians fanatics would disagree
@@dxxgx6713 what I meant by that is that it's general knowledge that the body would tell the person about what the environment was like
Why are we here in this life, why do we die, what will happen to us after death?
@@nevergiveup5939 because we were born in this time period, pretty sure Ted Ed did a video on this, and while I have a spiritual belief that there is more to life, I'll say I don't know but "all I know is that those who love us will miss us dearly" - Keanu Reeves.
You can visit the museum that hosts him, in the wonderful Bozen, an Italian city in the German-speaking province of Italy. They have a room with a controlled atmosphere where he lies, and that is visible through a glass window.
Personally, it was amazing to see this ancestor of ours. He lived a tough life, but at least it wasn't for nothing. He told us so much about the lives he and his fellows lived.
Why are we here in this life, why do we die, what will happen to us after death?
@@nevergiveup5939 Only one way to find out
@@nevergiveup5939we will lose consciousness. that's is
I started watching this as I put my computer on top of a book I have about him that we got at the museum!
Bolzano is for the vast majority Italian speaking, though. German is spoken by a minority. It's not really fair to call it "German speaking".
It’s not often that I would call a murder a hope giving story but in this case I do. He died alone as a nameless common man but 5000 years later he is more famous than many kings and emperors are
He’s that famous true but unlike the emperors and kings we don’t even know his name.
What if he was killed as revenge for a crime had committed against his tribe?
@@keepermovin5906 a name is worth less than a story, stories can be told, a nane without a story is pretty meaningless
@@fiqirtesfa5297 Even then, still several magnitudes better than any ancient king
@@NapaCat Darmok and Jalad at Tanagra
An important part of Otzi's materials are that he had blood from another person on his knife, as well as two samples of blood on one of his arrows, indicating that he fought back and killed three of his attackers, two of which were with a reused arrow.
Otzi went down swinging! 💪 Respect.
Or he was the attacker and he ran away
Maybe he was a muderer himself maybe even a serial killer and someone had finally caught up to him?
Otzi the Ice cold killer
@@jira6423maybe he was also involved in some kind of war
another cool fact is that they found 19 tyrolean people who were directly related to him in the modern day, either being direct descendants of him or his close relatives. It's not every day you get to see one of your 5000 year old ancestors and know how he lived and died
Source on that? All the scientific sources I've seen linked him genetically to Sardinians, cause the population he was part of was replaced by Indoeuropeans
@@antoniousai1989 I believe the study was published in the journal Forensic Science International Genetics
Thanks! I'll see if I can find it and read it@@stephenlawrence554
I heard on the news today that Ötzi has Anatolian DNA and is not related to Europeans. He migrated from Anatolia to Europe.
@@topherthe11th23 I believe it was based off of mutations on the Y chromosome; they haven’t found the matrilineal line. All of his known living descendants are male
bro the animation is so good😨
@@L17_8srry im athiest
@@L17_8I think Otzo would rather attack Jesus than worship him
True
Absolutely fascinating! As you said, we'll likely never know who or why he was killed but it's still incredibly interesting that we can ascertain so much from his mummified corpse. Makes you wonder if you'll ever be like Otzi in a museum 5000 years from now.
i wonder what his life was. This video showed us his death and attributes, but we often tend to forget that each and every human soul to have ever lived had a life. Wonder how he was raised, i wonder about his village, his freinds, his love. I wonder about his real name. Maybe he now watches over us, smiling
To you, in 5000 years
@@ansumanc No, I don't want that! I never want to be in a museum for the rest of my life! Even after I die, 10 years, at least!
@@manavshah8335 Yes exactly! Wondering what his life was like compared to my own! That's where I then thought about if our roles were reversed and I was the one in the museum. The person viewing my remains in the future doesn't know I hate eggplant and that my favorite smell is watermelon. We'll likely never know these things about Otzi but imagining yourself in his shoes really reminds you that he was probably a regular human just like you and me (albeit much different culture and lifestyle probs lol)
@@ansumanc haha yes exactly!! Even the passing of time is different for me and the viewers of my body! As is it is for us and Otzi!
I can’t get over how beautiful the animation is and how it gets better with every video 😭😭
I’d love to see justice served, but I’m pretty sure it’s passed the statute of limitations.
If it helps, assuming that if by 30-40 he had had children, there’s possibly a chance that Otzi is survived by his millions upon millions of relatives today. I’m sure they’ll be glad to know the mystery’s been solved.
Genetic descendants have long been identified in the same area. There is a German film adaptation ("Der Mann aus dem Eis") that processes all the details that can be proven.
ruclips.net/video/zgoeJ02ZHFE/видео.html
"Hello, Mr. Strauss? We've found your great^200 grandfather from 5000 years ago. Sadly, we regret to inform you that... He's dead."
__
I heard on the news today that Ötzi has Anatolian DNA and is not related to Europeans. He migrated from Anatolia to Europe.
@@randomhuman5525Look into PIE. Today’s news corroborates that
@@Phantomselbst That sounds very interesting to see things like what was the first written mention of the populations in that area (possibly some writing from the Roman Empire) or what happened to these populations because a great migration could have occurred in the area or all could have died for some war.
I read an article once where another important fact was pointed out: The man's copper ax was of considerable value, yet it was not taken by whoever shot him, so somebody wanted to avoid being recognized as his murder, since if somebody else would have started to run around with this rare item, others would have instantly known “who dunnit”. Fascinating, absolutely fascinating.
There is a whole novel in this that a great author needs to write.
Ötzi was discovered in 1991, seven years after the movie _Ice Man_ (1984) imagined such a caveman being thawed out in the modern world, a man out of time, an anachronistic oddity. It's a very sad movie, but worth a watch if you have a box of tissues handy.
Otzi is a distant relative of mine (proven through DNA testing), and I’m so glad that he is still being researched and talked about
Lol
That grandfather of yours was quite the fighter it seems! Someone wanted him dead, but he didn't go down easy.
We'll find justice for him and avenge your distant relative
relax we will revenge him for u
wow, interesting!
I miss him, he was a true friend. RIP
RIP Ötzi 😔
Lol otzi probably a criminal on the run
He definitely rested in peace for about 5000 years😂
So? Nobody deserves to die
@@TheyLuvMeKJeverybody*
@@personwholikesgeographynmemesSo. nobody everybody to die
I love how this case went cold 🥶❄️
I've been watching videos like this for over 40 years.
They always end by telling us we'll probably never know anything more, but my entire life the science has been improving and we're constantly hearing more about such cases!
yeah, we don't and can't have a time machine. so we'll never know.
Very good timing considering the latest news about Ötzi just a few hours ago!
That’s what I was thinking. Is it a coincidence? I thought it was interesting that the scientists have determined that Otzi act had dark skin!
@@gretaweiss6802I agree! I read the article yesterday and then I was surprised to see an alert this morning about Ötzi on Ted-Ed. The part about him having dark skin and him being more closely related to I think the Anatolian people of Turkey (?) if I remember correctly was quite interesting.
Amazing how forensic science has advanced due to our increasing knowledge of the universe we live in
People ask "What Killed Otzi the Ice Man" but people don't ask "WHO killed Otzi the Iceman."
people ask who killed ötzi the iceman but nver ask how killed ötzi the iceman.
presumably because the answer is arrow
Precisely!
exactly! lock up the murderer, italy has such a corrupt justice smh
the cia
It was me
*Burps*
Yes, I did it like this
*Shoots another caveman*
Whoop de doo!
*Burps*
That's a joke lads
It's really interesting to know that whoever did do this didn't take any of the items of his that which back then were super valuable. So you know that he was in a community that would have realized whoever killed him and saw those items would have been saying that he was probably murdered for those items.
So it had to been somebody who had a vendetta against them because if they were just randomly attacking him for their stuff then they would have taken anything they could have found on his body. Or the fact that he was shot and killed in an area that the person couldn't reach but I doubt that if hikers could get to him.
They found the blood of two people on one of his arrowheads. He was able to recover it both times. It's very likely his death was retaliation for this.
@@miniverse2002 there's a series of documentaries about mummies called mummies alive that I saw this on.
There are motives other than vendetta. Like life insurance fraud.
@@faceoctopus4571please tell me that your joking
@@dylankersten3383Other possible motives? I was serious. Insurance fraud example? That was a joke.
Fun story to this one: When my family and me visited Oetzi in Bozen in the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology, we took our dog with us. The area in which Oetzi is preserved is behind some sort of glass wall and is actually prohibited for dogs/animals, but the workers were so kind to make an exception for us because our dog was bad on foot bc of an injury during that time and we carried her to the big window and she was happily smiling at Oetzi. So I can rightfully say our dog is probably the only dog that ever saw Oetzi :)
Does the museum let you (and the dog) take selfie with Oetzi?
When I was in the 6th grade we had to do a project on him. We all came up with our own theories on how and why he died and debated each other on it. I remember a lot of people thought he fell down a hill after he was shot by an arrow. Although a very popular theory was that he was a human sacrifice.
what was your theory?
Ötzi came from Anatolia to the Alps, so he was probably headhunted by some REALLY persistent assassins according to contemporary research.
He probably made some local enemy between people in the Alps zone. Conflict for food, water or something like that
He did not come from Anatolia by feet in his lifetime ROFL. He was part of the Anatolian farmer groups that migrated through Europe before the Indo-European invasion.
@@antoniousai1989 To be honest it's not that unreasonable that could travel from Anatolia to the alps. Migration was not uncommon. It's more probable he's descended from a people the migrated but it would have been a recent migration and DNA evidence shows that Otzi had dark skin and dark eyes.
@@zosko1 People at the time wouldn't migrate easily as we do now. Cause they need to resettle to search for food or a farm. Even during the Roman Empire, it took around 45 days to go From Rome to Anatolya, and they knew where they were going
@@zosko1 Anyway, that specific migration happened in the course of hundreds of years. We refer to them as Anatolian farmers, but Otzi could have easily been 50 generations removed from the migration of his ancestors, considering that those areas of Europe were colonized by farmers between 6000 and 5500 BC, and he lived around 3300 BC. The distance between him and the earliest farmers in Europe is the same distance in time between us and the Romans.
We studied about him in 5th grade. The pictures TERRIFIED me back then.
We actually studied him in high school in the 90's. The funny this that the people working with the body at the time hadn't yet discovered the rather obvious stone arrowhead (apparently it was very embarrassing for them). So we were tasked with coming up with theories on how he died. We came up with all sorts of theories: hypothermia, he hit his head, broke his leg. It was kind of satisfying to know he was shot with an arrow but that only raises more questions.
Its truly incredible just how many things were discovered just from this ancient corpse whereas maybe 100 years ago they might not have even been able to tell that the remains were prehistoric
What if ... Otzi was "the bad guy"?
Maybe he was someone who committed a serious crime, that upset a community (his?) So much, they decided he deserved the ultimate punishment? Maybe he fled, but his crime was so horrific, the community decided to hunt him down, maybe to make sure he won't repeat wherever he did to them?
We'll most likely never know, but with virtually every story romanticising him, why not look at it from a different angle?
It's just as possible as any of the many other speculations. (Besides, he was obviously not the victim of a robbery, since we found his valuable tools still with him)
Just a thought
That's what I think too. It was either very personal, or a random chase where he got into a fight, got shot, disengaged, then pulled out the arrow and it kills him.
He could’ve been a brave warrior who died fighting in a war or a bandit who got justice. Alas we’ll never know. At least he gives us some insight into that time period
I love this case. I found a documentary on Otzi as a kid and was absolutely fascinated by him.
It’s so nice how every ted ed video the animation and graphics gets better
Whats makes this real interesting is that his gear had 4 different spots of blood on it. One on his knife, two on an arrowhead and one on his coat. A morbidly heartwarming theory is that in the attack that lead to his death he was protecting a wounded friend, stabbing one attacker and shooting two more with the arrow before carrying his buddy away. Apparently the pose he was found in supports the idea that when he got too weak to stand his friend might've rolled him onto his stomach to try pulling out the arrow.
It’s crazy seeing how much science reveals about humanity’s past. Also the animation is stunning
It amazes me that scientists were able to figure out his life in such detail
it was just an educated guest based on science and probability
Rest in Peace Otzi-The Iceman.
Man, the amount of things we can deduce from so little using modern technology never ceases to amaze me
Or the body of the old guy with an amputated leg. They figured out so much stuff about him and the others around him from that. 🤯
love the animation style in this one! beautiful landscapes
I was reading this article yesterday and today you posted the video. Your team is superfast 😮
This has to be one of my favorite TED-Ed videos now! It's gonna be perfect for my Forensics project!
This type of animation is one of the most aesthetically pleasing I've seen on Teded
I remember being in 5/6th grade in school and the history teacher telling us that story, and I remember getting home and telling everyone about it! It definelty helped spark my interest in history and watching this video brought back memories
I was reading this article yesterday and today you posted the video. Your team is superfast
Ötzi’s body is now at his museum at Bolzano. In the north of Italy, near Austria.
I remember the news story about them finding him. I didn't realize how far we have gotten in piecing together his life.
As a descendant of otzi all i hope is for the murderer to be sentenced 5300 years of prison
This is definitely the best animation I’ve ever seen in one of these videos
The animation is extremely astonishing
I remember when this was discovered, it was amazing!
Shows how injustice could be forgotten...
I cant believe the cia would cover this up smh
Informative, mystery , and a kind of suspense. A very nice video
Love this guy's voice, really makes the video that much better, especially with such stellar animation!
I've always been fascinated by Ötzi, thanks in no small part to the replica of his body owned by the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory on Long Island.
I can only inagine what those hikers felt when they found his body and when it was dated to over 5,000 years ago. Even just the fact we knew what his last meal was because the contents of his stomach were preserved and could be extracted
Aside from being effectively informative, Ted-Ed has one of the most beautiful, unique, and diverse animations.
Fascinating!!! thanks for the brilliant video
We did a research project on this mystery in class as a murder mystery game and we all had to guess what happened. I love learning about this kind of thing
That sounds amazing
I just imagine if we somehow can communicate with him, he would say, "Who is Otzi?"
The animation reminds me of clay playstop
Excellent animation👏
Such a great quality video!
This is really fascinating, thanks TED. Also, the animation is amazing. ♥
This is just like in Monk, the episode Mr Monk and the Red Herring. When he sees a preserved neolithic man in the museum and figures out he was murdered.
"Here's what happened..."
The most chilling part for me is the evidence he was CHASED
I very much appreciate this animation to this story. Seems very accurate yet tragic!
The animations and transitions are all so dope!
He was that first scout you send that eventually gets killed after founding your first city in 4000BC.
It's amazing how Mother Nature preserved Otzi's remains just for us to learn more about his past.
Seen this on TV few weeks ago. Great vid
I just wanna say, that the art style you used for this video, i love it.
Great video! The Ötzi tramp-stamp was a nice touch. 😆
Nice touch making him bald, reflecting recent genetic results (although his skin should also be somewhat darker, both from his genetics and exposure).
I am a bit disappointed, though, that you didn’t go into more detail about Ötzi's various belongings, like his clothes, bow and quiver, birch baskets, "tinderbox," tools, etc.
I had to do an assignment on this so it really helped me out thanks
Stuff like this always makes me wonder about how much ancient remains of living beings or things are laying around undiscovered or never able to be discovered.
Its crazy how they can know this from just a corpse
It’s amazing just how scientist can figure out what happened to a person killed more than 5000 years ago!
This is the best animation so far
I want to be seeing more of this
This is fascinating and very cool thank you so very much.
Otzi's ghost: I used to be a prehistoric adventurer like you. But then I took an arrow to the shoulder.
Damn the killer must be skilled at archer
Ötzi is a really interesting thing for me,since weve been talking about him in our history classes for a while now.
Phenomenal riddle!
I couldn't help but imagine the Project Zomboid "Death" music playing when Otzi died
he was fs chased by a horde and got infected from a scratch lol
damn, poor guy. I hope we can bring whoever did this to justice
First time I heard of this was in a short scene from one of Don Hertzfeldt's films. Really interesting just how much information scientists were able to find from a 5000 year old body and what stories those details can tell.
Ted's visuals and animation getting so awesome🎉😮❤❤❤❤❤ 👍🏻😎 keep it up.
BRAVO! Mais um ótimo trabalho, TED-Ed!! Tenho uma grande paixão por tudo relacionado ao mistério. Sou facilmente atraído por qualquer coisa que estimule minha curiosidade! Seja livros policiais (Agatha Christie, Doyle), ou até mesmo um cadáver de 5,300 anos de idade!
My theory is this: It could be that he was attacked and had to defend himself, resulting in the death of his attacker. He was blamed for this and had to leave to try and protect himself from unjust judgement, only for one of the people from his group to catch up and execute him.
We need more content like this
Incredible video 👍
The fact that whoever killed him did not try to conceal the body might indicate that killing him might not have been considered a bad thing as well as that he was essentially a lone wolf because no one else cared to move his body.
Could it be that he was probably just an outlaw of the time and was left unburied as an example?
I once heard someone posit that he might’ve been a soldier or whatever the equivalent to a soldier would’ve been for him.
i really love the animation style here, its very lively and beautiful
Wonderful film Ted-Ed.
This is quite amazing
Poor Otzi… I expect a Netflix movie about his life soon 😆
There is already a German film adaptation: "Der Mann aus dem Eis"
ruclips.net/video/zgoeJ02ZHFE/видео.html
Well I wasn’t expecting that lol. The man in the ice?
@@RichardHannay The film was marketed as "Iceman" in English-speaking countries.
Language doesn't matter in the film, but this is the English trailer: ruclips.net/video/JLNtcRLQxeE/видео.html
It was Professor Plum in the kitchen with the lead pipe.
Again, 10/10 with the animation Ted ed, this one and the prohibition video are two of my favorites
It’s really amazing how science can hour by hour figure out what this man was doing before his death. I wonder if Otzi left a wife or any kids behind. What tribe was he in. So on so forth…..
He was around 40 and judging by his kit he was wealthy. He had at least one wife and likely several children.
Thanks for the reply.
He has descendants still living in that area so he probably did have children and probably had multiple wives considering the time period
2:26 the tribal tattoo 😂😂
The animation is AMAZING! Is this 2.5D animated?
I love this realistic type of animation, really love it.
It is crazy how when we hear the stories of people dying in the distant past, we don't feel very sad as we might feel if it was in the last decade. It is crazy how time as well as distance can make a difference in the way we process things and express emotions. We also feel differently when a tragedy occurs in a distant place than the place near us where we live. We fail to emotionally connect to these people. Imagine how sad we will be if the video was about a murder that happened last year. 😐
goo goo gaa gaa
i felt sad
@@visiblerat goo goo gaa gaa popochichi
Shows how we percieve the distant past as very alien to us. Despite people from millenia being no different than your average individual.