Lessons from the Early Days of Semiconductors - Carver Mead - 4/24/2019

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  • Опубликовано: 23 окт 2024

Комментарии • 5

  • @carpediemcotidiem
    @carpediemcotidiem 6 месяцев назад +1

    00:01 The early days of semiconductors were about controlled electrical current
    03:35 Utilizing the null principle for precise measurements without absolute galvanometer calibration.
    09:19 Discovery of charge carriers based on Hall Effect
    12:11 Radio waves enabled communication between ships and shore
    17:36 Carver Mead experimented with controlled compositions of semiconductors.
    20:34 Controlled chemical treatment revolutionized semiconductor conductivity
    26:03 Transition from vacuum tubes to semiconductor crystal sets in early radio technology
    28:39 Semiconductor innovation led to smaller, powerful receivers for radios.
    34:19 Electron behavior in crystals leads to energy gaps
    37:23 Mass and curvature effects on electron behavior
    42:52 Shakti published a paper on impurities in selenium creating p-type semiconductor.
    45:50 Early understanding of metal-semiconductor contacts led to key semiconductor device discovery
    51:24 Invention of the transistor through controlled doping
    53:54 Automated transistor manufacturing process revolutionized by Philco
    59:08 Semiconductors revolutionized with sub-micron dimensions and increased speed.
    1:01:41 Early semiconductor evolution enabled power switching technology.
    1:07:10 Early innovations in integrated circuit technology and semiconductor devices
    1:09:42 Implementation of logic using devices in series and parallel
    1:15:21 Advancements in semiconductor technology have led to new ways of using devices and structures.
    1:17:54 Potential resurgence of vacuum tubes in nano scale
    Crafted by Merlin AI.

  • @jackignatius
    @jackignatius 4 года назад +2

    Absolutely brilliant story telling on crucial technology history.

  • @anjankatta1864
    @anjankatta1864 5 лет назад +2

    Thanks Carver this is an incredible walkthrough

  • @thesk8erdav
    @thesk8erdav 2 года назад

    love this!

  • @CACBCCCU
    @CACBCCCU 2 года назад +1

    I studied the history of neuromorphic computing as part of my '90's work in IP. Gilder wrote a book on Silicon Valley covering some of Dr. Mead's work. Read his interview in the LAT this week on his collective QED thoughts, and to me it stuck out his applied collective (thus presumably macro-scale) QM naturally never mentions gravity. I could spend hours explaining what's wrong with GR, and how getting gravity wrong obscures the basis of controllable entanglement and emergence of macro-scale superconductivity.
    Maxwell was mentioned quite a bit in the LAT article, but never Einstein. In my mind this highlighted what should eventually become obvious - Maxwell (and Gauss before him) didn't consider gravity variations whatsoever in EM but that never stopped Einstein from building on Maxwell's equations to come up with a grossly oversimplified, realistically non-quantizable (under EM rules) theory of matter and gravity pinned faithfully to a supposed constant light speed. Bending time just to have a slowed time with faster gravitational accelerations in higher gravity should have never been considered reasonable by Einstein followers, frankly. What seems to work fine in constant gravity can fail in wilder conditions, with "spooky" results. Atomic clocks are irregular photon phasing sources with regular photon color (Heisenberg rules for light) and unfortunately color is always less relevant than timing (phase) and "close" works better for horseshoes than laser beams. Forget those Popular Mechanics articles on GPS needing GR, it's military hearsay. Gravity-change-sped light has a higher frequency just like a faster rumble strip has a higher pitch.
    Conceptually simplest and most versatile way to reasonably incorporate negative energy into gravity is with a Planck-scale quantum showing zero net mass effect, formed by a resolution limit of EM energy enveloping a consequently-minimal volume of the so-called "true vacuum" having relatively negative energy density. The true vacuum thus forms a mass-wise self-neutralized Planck scale composite positive-negative energy particle, which at light speed may manifest as a dipole or bi-pole, a negative vacuum energy core substantially covered by an EM energy coating except at the leading (and possibly trailing) end. Upon contact with matter the longitudinal effect could thus be dominated by the pull of absorbed negative energy and the lateral effect governed by the push of expanding positive energy, the net effect of impact being an energy micro-tensor type of effect. All the "curvature of space" (as opposed to the curvature of light under gravity) is thus limited to Planck scale while macro-space stays flat (energy neutral, seemingly homogenous).
    Suppose with entanglement and superconductivity there is a temperature-dependent retroreflective "focus" in gravity flow between nucleons. Many aspects of this may make cold matter appear practically neuromorphic to some extent, with naturally saturable bidirectional positive gravity feedback flows possible, like mimicking evolution with Hebbian rules. The role of hydrogen nuclei in heavy organic molecules of life can begin to become apparent based simply on properties of heat resistant tethered protonic focus in extended inter-molecular couplings. The effective focus mechanism for the nucleon is ultra-simple - it's as if a nucleon forms three intersecting gravity flow mirrors capable of naturally settling into mutual perpendicularity if allowed by the environment.
    The Moire effect in graphene layers may reflect the performance of structures more fitting to systematically defocused gravity flows. Increased concentration from focus in gravity couplings may leverage on itself in gravitational flow rates, creating light-based flows supporting atom-to-atom links where light phase gets pulled forward up to some contextual saturation limit. The implications extend to "heat death" of the universe itself effectively being a periodic self-neutralizing extinguishable effect of inexorably growing gravitational energy flow focus in cooling matter. This is just some of my own perspective on gravity.