The Insane Biology of: The Seahorse
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- Опубликовано: 23 сен 2022
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Patreon: / realscience
Twitter: / stephaniesamma
Instagram: / stephaniesammann
Credits:
Narrator: Stephanie Sammann
Writer: Angela Wipperman (www.angelawipperman.com)
Editor: Dylan Hennessy (www.behance.net/dylanhennessy1)
Illustrator: Elfy Chiang (www.elfylandstudios.com/)
Illustrator/Animator: Kirtan Patel (kpatart.com/illustrations)
Animator: Mike Ridolfi (www.moboxgraphics.com/)
Sound: Graham Haerther (haerther.net)
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster ( / forgottentowel )
Producer: Brian McManus ( / realengineering )
References:
[1] sharkresearch.rsmas.miami.edu....
[2] animalbiotelemetry.biomedcent....
[3] www.britannica.com/animal/sea... ;
[4] www.nature.com/articles/ncomm...
[5]journals.biologists.com/jeb/a...
[6] www.sciencedirect.com/science...
[7] oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/s...
[8] www.nationalgeographic.com/pa...
[9] maeresearch.ucsd.edu/mckittric...
[10] www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/dis...
[11] courses.washington.edu/biomech...
[12]www.smithsonianmag.com/scienc...
[13] www.nature.com/articles/natur...
[14] oceanconservancy.org/blog/201...
[15] Oligocene expansion of seagrass habitats Evolution of seahorses' upright posture was linked to
[16] www.discoverwildlife.com/anim...
[17] www.researchgate.net/profile/...
[18] www.nature.com/articles/ncomm...
[19] www.newscientist.com/article/...
[20] www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti... 
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This is quite possibly the best and most informative documentary that I have ever seen, or at least the over the last 10 years as I have stopped watching TV. It was literally crammed with knowledge on The Seahorse. From the beautiful images, to the intelligent narration. Absolutely beautiful and lovely. A real pleasure. And I’m subscribing.
Watch the one about dragonflies!
@@zachydrogeo
Will do. They are amazing creatures and one of my favourites.
@@Cerbirt True Crime Loser for the fans! This channel and his are both S tier
glazin
i can't help it but whenever i see a seahorse my brain just goes "yeah that's fake. no way that exists in reality"
I would love to see a insane biology video on the vampire squid
yes!
Same
Same here yo
We don’t know enough about it for a full video like this.
@@justincraig398 i was wondering about that too
I was fascinated by seahorses when I was a child. I had no idea just how incredible seahorses really are, thank you.
I loved seahorses as a kid also!
me too! :3
I'd always figured that male seahorse just had a pouch that was basically a protective skinvalope rather than legitimately gestating, nurturing (as in with a placenta) and giving birth.
Skinvalope 💀
Right?? He is snizzing those things out 5:47
Why?? There is plenty of fish that change their gender, male pregnancy doesn't sound so wierd to me.
@@Mark_GL they didn’t say it’s weird. Just that they didn’t know it was this in depth
Why ?
Seahorses are my favorite animal. They're not absurd in any way; they're physiological chimeras, and their bodies and their social dynamics and their manners are fascinating. I know they wre fish, but I can't help seeing them as tiny enchanted underwater people because of their statures and how they interact with one another.
I need to learn more about seahorses, what's special about their social dynamics?
@@mayanightstar Oh, lots. They are social predators, but they don't hunt in groups. They're individual snipers who hide out and ambush their own prey without needing to help one another, but they spend their lives literally hanging around one another.
They audibly "speak" with one another through clicks and snaps of their snouts that can be heard audibly when they're kept in aquariums. The clicking has been found to be a noise made while feeding, and so it has been thought not to be a form of audible communication like speaking or birdsong, but they click differently and more loudly during courtship, and so there likely is some kind of intraspecific communication involved with it.
They are monogamous or semi-monogamous, forming pair bonds that last a season or years or possibly a lifetime, and they have elaborate mating rituals prior to breeding that can last for hours or days. The male and female seahorses, let go of their hitching posts, rise into the open water and dance around one another, intertwining, letting go, circling one another, and on and on-very much like human dancing.
Eventually, the female deposits her eggs inside the male's brood pouch, which has been found to be like a placenta, and the male nurtures the babies and then delivers them live.
Seahorses can change colors and patterns like chameleons, obviously to blend in with their surroundings for protection, but they also communicate their moods with colors. Seahorses put into unfamiliar aquarium environments often show stress through various color patterns that don't blend with their environments, and (as with many fishes and birds-and human beings who put on makeup for dates!) they change colors, too, when they are courting, looking 'pretty' for one another.
Socially, I also think of them a bit like human families or coworkers. They usually or often pair off romantically, but they hang out together in larger groups and they have nonviolent squabbles that sometimes get physical but without causing harm to anyone. When one of them gets annoyed because their favorite hitching spot was taken, or maybe they are competing for foor or feel romantically threatened by a potential rival in the group, they wrap their tail around the neck of the offending seahorse and they have a little tug of war. Lots of different animals (again, including us) do things along these lines, but sometimes those animals are harmed or the loser is ostracized and kicked out of the group. With seahorses, it's more like an argument among friends, family, coworkers, and the 'loser' just moves to a new place and resettles without being injured or shunned.
They have individual personalities that we can observe with different levels of assertiveness, different colors, different ways of relating to one another, etc., and I do think it's notable tha they are as this video demonstates expert hunters/snipers who have to eat a lot of calories relative to their sizes-as we do-but unlike a lot of other predators who live in groups, they "work alone" in their food seeking endeavors and coexist peacefully with one another. Wolves, big cats, dolphins, orcas, humans and other animals that are social and hunt typically join forces to hunt as a social activity and they split the proceeds among them. Seahorses have built in rifle-snouts and they get their food independently but nevertheless live in communities and their lives revolve around social relationships.
There are some other fish and underwater mammals that share some of these behaviors, but because seahorses are unique looking, and they stand erect and move gracefully, my brain is just wired to anthropomorphize them and see them as something other than a fish. But that said, I kept aquariums throughout my young life and I know from that that fish absolutely are as complex and interesting, both in groups and individually, as different animals. I had a pair of angelfish who paired off from their group and bred repeatedly. They laid their eggs and cared for their eggs, and the eggs never hatched. Eventually, they had a big fight and one apparently killed the other one. Both were female. I bought a tiny kissing gourami when I was 12 who ultimately ended up in a 6' long aquarium, at about 14", and it changed custody from me to my parents and to my sister, where it ultimately died at age 29. It was a very intelligent "person" who had moods and would show bursts of childlike excitement and joy and also long periods of what seemed like depression. My mom was shocked by how much personality the fish had when she was left to care for it and she developed an emotional attachment. She passed away before the fish did. My sister always thought fish were "gross," but her husband wanted an aquarium and he took the fish so my dad wouldn't have to take care of it, and my sister immediately became attached to it because of its personality, because it recognized different people and behaved differently toward them. Ultimately, all of us came to feel bad for holding the fish captive because it was such a dynamic personality and we felt like we had no right to keep it in a glass jail cell. I am actually a fan of anthropomorphizing because I think it's a natural inclination and it is our innate way of respecting and empathizing with nonhuman beings. When we refuse to acknowledge 'humanity'-the things we respect about ourselves as a living species-in other beings, we see them as objects and give our consciences permission to harm them without remorse.
@@DavidMichaelCommer I love people like you that are so invested in creatures that are not our own species.
@@heycj I love seahorses in particular, but I do respect all living beings. :) I think if I were any other species, I'd probably look at human beings with similar admiration, but alas, I see how the sausage is made and we're not such a glamorous being from within.
I read a book dictated by a shaman who communes with plant teachers, and he said that all beings are human. As an example, he said that human beings look at one another and we see human beings like us--multidimensional, deep-thinking, passionate beings with hopes and dreams that are capable of love and hate. He said when one of us looks at a jaguar, we see a dangerous wild animal that could kill us. And he said that when jaguars look at other jaguars, they see "human beings" like them--multidimensional, deep-thinking, passionate beings with hopes and dreams that are capable of love and hate. And when a jaguar looks at one of us, it sees a dangerous wild animal that can kill it.
In other words, we assign the greatest admiration and depth to the beings we relate to most closely, and anything we perceive as being unlike us, we see as less significant, less special, and either as a threat or as a source of exploitation for our own benefit.
That really affected how I understand other beings--including not just animals, but plants, fungus, and anything alive. I think we're more similar at heart than anyone will ever know, but we have different goals and dreams and niches and purposes, and we can't communicate those among one another.
@@DavidMichaelCommer Yes! Such a marvelous way to look at life.
I'm a freshman in high school and I'm studying biomed right now but I want to study marine biology because octopuses and other marine life have really fascinated me and your videos have helped me indulge more in marine biology. I've decided that marine biology is what I want to pursue along with medicine. Thank you for your contribution!
Edit: I'm taking both duel credit and pathways (biomed) in high school, so that means once I'm finished with high school I'll have my associate's degree and if I continue with pathways and do an exam I think I can be a licensed medical assistant.
Best of luck to you mate!
Are you by any chance a Joestar?
Octopi*
:)
@@melalongkorntaksin8065 he should finish his master's degree while fighting stand users in Morioh lol
Marine life medicine
I LOVE this series! You answer questions that I never thought to ask in the first place. Also, I never realized how beautiful these things were until now.❤
I heard Tier Zoo said that seahorses were F tier fishes. After watching this video, I'd say seahorses should be on a nice d tier. Sea horses are underrated creatures in my opinion, they might not have tough armor like a sea turtle shell or excellent agility, but they do make up for in camouflage and super strong suction.
i think f tier is the right olace to them from tier zoo. because thats not a ranking on real biology. but based on game mechanics
@@theflyingdutchguy9870 No it's still based on real biology, but the ranking is a PVP ranking. How well does the animal fare in direct combat against others
It's both a pve and pvp ranking. How well it can survive in its environment and get food and fend off rivals. I think he underrated them a tad now. Upper d or lower c for now.
Probably shouldn't lend too much credence to a tongue-in-cheek schtick comparing biology to MMO patch gameplay. It's for fun. Evolutionary biologists use real metrics like fitness to compare the success of a species and even genes. Comparing whether a T-Rex or Allosaurus would win is fun, but at the end of the day the only score nature cares about is a genotype's reproductive success.
I immediately thought of TierZoo as well after seeing this video's thumbnail!
The video clarity is incredible. The balance in the sound feels soft and strong. This is really good ya'll. Thank you.
imagine being a little sea bug living your best life. and in less than 5 milliseconds you've been vacuumed up by an invisible sea dragon
The seahorses are the sea version of the platypus.A bit of this adaptation and a bit of that to come up with such a intriguing species.
I am a phd in sea horses now. What a detailed video.
This is why I love this channel. A lot of videos I see say sea horses are in a horrible place but this video just showed me why they’re actually one of the most successful hunters in the sea
I'm genuinely curious, what bad things are attributed to them? Why the hate?
@@perpetuated they’re generally ranked at the bottom because of their movement speed. They only depend on wave currents to take them wherever they go. Due to this and not being able to swim they also get smacked around by a lot of fish. This video however gives me a perspective that the other videos never did - the perspective of the sea horses themselves. I figured because everyone ranks them bottom tier that they’d be horrible hunters. Boy was I wrong
@@XxDeathxX509no there is no rank lifes not a video game but your brain is very small
@@perpetuatednothing there dumb kids talking about video games crap
These creatures have always seemed gorgeous and peculiarly fascinating to me. We had them where I grew up, but not in the abundance of other native fish, so seeing them was always a treat and felt a bit magical.
The square tail is basically a box girder, as used by Victorian engineers in railway bridges such as the 1846-49 example at Conwy in North Wales (still in use).
While in southern Florida I swam with Sea Horses off Turkey Point. They are AMAZING creatures, both exotic and beautiful. Incredible fish.
Good Gawd, lad.!!
Yer lucky they weren't hungry..!!
..they'dtear'ya'ta'shreds.
Thank you for this story - sea horses are so beautiful, jewel-like creatures.
I remember fishing years ago, I reeled in a bunch of seaweed and there was a seahorse attached. It was quite interesting to see, when released it swam away slowly upright. That was pretty darn cool!
Seahorses always remind me of a comic from PoorlyDrawnLines where one seahorse says to the other: "I saw a land horse swimming once. And I was like 'who the f**k do you think you are?'"
Sea Horses are so precious love this. Thanks for this.
You calling seahorses ridiculous had my dying
Until I was about 12, we would swim in waters with seahorses. Most beautiful creatures. Never had any problems with them, we would use our snorkles and watch them for ages. That was in the early 70's. Water is so poluted, they disappeared
Seahorses are an ancient breed.
Truly beautiful and I like how they look after their offspring.
Such beautiful creatures 🤩
It's awesome to hear how effective they are within their niche
Another excellent video on marine biology! :)
More please?
Absolutely wonderful presentation. I was facinated by the information, content and visuals. Thank you.
Looking forward to watching this. Usually this channel makes high quality, informative vids.
I love your Segway to your sponsors. They are so dang good. You are an amazing writer for your scripts for this and every other aspect. I love your videos. Your delivery of the information is the best I have ever experienced.
What a fascinating little creature. Another fantastic video!
Now I have the feeling, that I could pick a random animal species and you could make an astonishing video about why it was amazing.
That was a really excellent episode. Thankyou for your awesome content.
All of your videos are so awesome! So informative and easy to digest, keep making these videos your an inspiration!
Nature never fails to amaze. Wonderful visuals here…thank you.🖤🇨🇦
I love your channel so much, thank you for making such interesting and fascinating videos!
Fantastic video Real Science team! Your videos are always so interesting!
Loved your video, it gives a lot of insight information that I've never heard of about the sea horses.
They remind me of sticklebacks and darters, especially the pygmy pipehorse. They look mammal like and theyre seemingly smarter than many other fish.
Edit: They literally compared them to sticklebacks too!
Real engineering and Real science Videos are my RUclips Highlights!
Love your work, the love u put in that and the details you work out are absolutely amazing!
Go on 😊👍🏼
I love this channel!! How many young kids will be inspired by REAL content creators like this?? The better side of social media 👍
🧡I'm not related to this, but PLEASE show this to your kids or friends who have kids, They will learn so much and may find a new calling in life!
I am consistently mesmerized by Nature. Fantastic work....keep'em coming!
I love this series
Ikr
Superb video ! thank you producers, editors and cameras !! well done ! Excellent for education ...
I love your narration and the way you present the information. Love it love it
Amazing video! Also 13:11 probably just misspoken, 300m/s is very different from 300mm/s unless those creatures are moving at 671 miles per hour
I think they meant by how fast they accelerated if it was sustained it would clock in as 300 m/s
If that makes sense. I think I explained it bad lol
I was looking for this comment!. What she said about the copepods rate of speed just isn't logical. I had to go back and listen again at 13:11 just to make sure I heard it correctly. lol
@@justinh6651 I understand what you mean but I don't think she would have worded it the way that she did if she meant it that way. Just my opinion of course!
No she meant 300m/s². They accelerate very fast.
It is described here: presentations.copernicus.org/EGU21/EGU21-4860_presentation.pdf
I watched a seahorse give birth to hundreds of teeny weeny babies and it was the most beautiful thing I've seen. I have video of it from the Baltimore, MD aquarium.
I've always loved the National Aquarium in Baltimore. So many cool things there
This is incredible. Thank you so much. Love this.
I have to admit, I didn't respext the Seahorse well enough untill the footage of the hunting.
It still is a very specific trait, with not that much benefit compared to its downsides (really? No stomach also??)
But, anyway, still impressive. Mother nature is lit.
I'm convinced seahorses are really unfortunate. They developed same features that helped primates like us become the most dominant species. The vertical stance and the grabbing effect because of the upright position (not to mention this placenta for mammalians)... Sadly, there is not much else for the Seahorses... Still, fascinating creatures
A lot of people don't know this but the seahorse is in the actual horse family, that's right it is a true equine and even has the same number of chromosomes. The land horses and seahorses split about 30 million years ago. These were known as the coastal horses and they were known to frolic in the ocean and would go out as far as they felt comfortable. Well apparently some of them spent a lot more time in the water than the others and those are the ones who evolved into the seahorses that we know and love today. They have actually found some fossilized horses that have these tiny short legs and long tails, plus these tiny little gills right in their neck those horses were only able to stay under water for about an hour or two because the gills were still too small. There were also some Neanderthals who used to ride some of the larger seahorses which are now extinct. There's a very popular Theory among the top anthropologists, that had those Giant seahorses not gone extinct that the Neanderthals would have eventually started growing gills in their necks. Those were some very strange times indeed, I would have loved to been there to ride those giant seahorses I guess they were extremely fast. They also needed to eat an insane amount of seaweed after a good sprint, to replace all the calories that they burned. Their closest relation the quarter horse still has tiny leftovers of the gills. They only recently found out what those things were on their necks.
more liek 300 mya
Fascinating thank you
SUUUUCH a comprehensive video on Seahorses!!! These super bizarre earthlings REALLY deserve a highlight like this!! Really good work thank you!
I have a buddy who is a scuba diver and he was attacked by a Seahorse. He lost both of his legs and 1 arm.
Love it! Very knowledgeable and the way how you got into details 👏. Thanks for it. I m a free diver and is a whole another world under the waves.
Awesome information, thank you so much ❤❤💯
Love this channel. Science demonstrating how awesome our world really is.
Finally my favourite playlist of youtube uploads again.
This time the story of sea horse. Or the upright fish
i like seahorses...not because they are cute or anything but because of how bizarre they are in comparison to other fish just by looking them from outside as simple as their shape is so unique for a fish
wha the males get impregnated and carry the burden [not burden of the emotional kind but physical]
This is a wonderful video. I have always had a passion for sea horses.
Please do the goblin shark!
Great video and narration! Hope the channel gets to 1mill. Yay
So happy you’re back ❤
Letss goooo new Insane Biology videooo
love your work
Very good special, thanks. Nature and science are infinitely fascinating.
Awesome presentation! Well done!
Seahorses seem to have taken the definition of mid maxing to heart. Respect 😆
Dragonflies have the highest kill rate among any predatory critter with 95%.
I actually always wanted to know more about seahorses now I do .. great video of course
Subscribed! Can’t wait to see you guys get to one million!
This is amazing, so many things I didn't know about these guys! I'd love to hear zefrank's version XDD
300m/s so that small creature copepod moves 1080km/h in water..? that's impressive.
Great video as always!
300m/hr
This channel could mad "the insane biology of the Magikarp" and make it look like one of the best Pokemon ever.
I love how insane is the nature a how you can highlights it with scientific facts.
Cool! Thank you for exploring the hydrodynamics and such. I was given sea horse mummies in grade school and never seen the oceans until just a few years ago. Almost 40 years. Sea dragons were of the ones I've seen in person and inspired a long line of creature designs since the 80s to today. Thank you for your studies and for sharing.
This was a lovely story about Sea Horses... Adorable information. Thank you. 2022
there is on the bizarre animals channel by John Greene
Jesus loves you. He wants to have a close friendship with you. He died so you could be forgiven and come into his family and be with him forever. The opportunity is there for you to just take. The gift of his love is there for you to receive.
@@kbg12ila Jesus is a wet
Sea horses are sooo beautiful and unique~💞
Thank you for sharing this video~🤗
These have always fascinated me.
same somethin mythical about em
I love your videos soooo much, thank you!
Great educational video. Awesome narration. Seahorses are my heroes!⛱🌊
@13:10 If copepods can escape at 300m/s, you should do a video on them too! But maybe this was an error in the script...
Glad I'm not the only one noticing that. It's probably in mm.
"Upon detection of hydrodynamic disturbances created by predator or prey, copepods can accelerate at more than 200m s-2, reaching speeds of 800 mm/s, which is impressive when you’re less than a millimeter in length."
Its supposed to be 300 meters per second per second, aka acceleration, not velocity.
One of the most magic animals ever
Thanks for the video
You may not like it, but this is what peak performance looks like.
where what I’m confused
13:14 did I hear that right? 300m/s? Isn't that beyond the speed of sound at surface level?
The speed of sound in air under typical conditions is about 343 meters per second, while the speed of sound in water is about 1,480 meters per second.
I also thought that sounds incorrect. Looks like it's the acceleration which is also more around 200 m/s². The max velocity is between 150 and 780 mm/s depending on the size of the copepod, larger ones are faster and can jump greater distances.
Still really interesting, looks like Copeods are more than 10 times as strong as any other animal relative to their body size.
("Unsteady motion: escape jumps in planktonic copepods, their kinematics and energetics", 2010)
@paul snor Yes, it's pretty crazy. The maximum acceleration I read about was for Temora turbinata with 351 m/s². You can check the paper "Calanoid copepod escape behavior in response to a visual predator" for research on this topic.
Thank you for the explanation
AWESOME and FASCINATING VIDEO!
imagine how insane they would be if they would grow to 3 m
You always do such a kick ass job, i absolutely love this series!! Surprisingly informative and entertaining simultaneously, keep up the good work girl!! 🖤🐙🐠🦈🐋🐙🐡
Really enjoyed this. Thank you
Fantastic episode!
In the air it's the rather weird looking Dragonfly.
In the water it's the weird looking Seahorse.
Can you guys make a video about African Wild Dogs at some point?
To complete the hattrick.
So basically the sperm and egg responsibility became different over time, very interesting to think about. The transition of that and the overall morphology of seahorses is amazing. I always assumed the eggs had some sort of yolk, not that they were placental. Nature is so cool!
Not quite. Location of fertilization is different, not the responsibilities and mechanics of sperm & egg. I agree though these variations in nature are fascinating.
SO beautiful and fascinating.
Another fantastic video!
Nothing would make me happier than to create a large aquarium and try to breed thousands of these amazing creatures to release into areas perfect for them. They're amazing and could use the help with such a miniscule mortality rate. They're gorgeous and amazing.
smaller animals (seahorse and dragonfly) make the best predators apparently
Watch the insane biology of the dragonfly on this channel if you are interested
@@heidirabenau511 exactly where i got the idea from
African wild dogs are an exception. They have an 80 % success rate as per nat geo.
I thoroughly enjoyed this video. 😮 ... Thank you!
Wow. Wish I had known about this channel before. Thanks for posting about it.
Plz upload videos with subtitles.... Respect and love from 🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳
😥
So what happened to the 8 crushed date stick? What happened to Indian subcontinent civil wars? Is everything bullshit?
Well, that's one of the horse in the sea. 😍
How marvelous. Praises be to God for His creation that we witnessed today.
Good job team for this story.
Well, do you know the masterpiece God has created?
It’s human. Yes, us. Because we are made in the image of God. And God made us to live in relationship with God. But because of our disobedience, we are separated from the Holy God. We sinned against Him and death is the penalty of sin.
But because God is love, He doesn't want us to suffer in that eternal suffering on the lake of fire so He sent Jesus Christ to die on the cross for our stead. Yes, Jesus Christ willingly took our sins upon Himself by dying on that cruel cross of calvary. Though He was buried, at the third day He rose again, victorious against death. He won the victory we could not win, which is death.
Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ that He died on the cross, was buried and rose again the third day and you shall be saved.
If you have any questions, please feel free to ask away.
God bless!
Amen!
Really excellent video. Thank you
Thanks so much!! Looking forward to learning about the Seahorse because I'm not very familiar.