1957 - 1960's IBM 705 Mainframe Computer Data Processing- USAF Military Punch Card, Educational
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- Опубликовано: 19 авг 2024
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Your contribution greatly helps! Thank you! ~ CHAP. -- This film provides a good depiction of a 1957-1960's era data processing installation at a U.S. Air Base. - Titled: "Logistic Support Management in Advanced Weapons." Although the letters “IBM” were apparently taped over by the original film producers, the equipment is clearly an early IBM mainframe, almost certainly a model 705 EDPM with its accompanying peripheral devices. The IBM 705 was introduced in 1954 and installed starting in 1956. It was a large vacuum tube based computer -- one of the most powerful data processing systems available at during the late 1950's.
This 20 minute film has good quality, color and sound, lightened up slightly from the original to improve the detail of the computer equipment. Computer footage starts at 4 minutes into the film.
It is provided here for its educational value in depicting early data processing equipment and procedures. Uploaded by the Computer History Archives Project.
Key Words and Topics in the Film:
Data Processing
Keypunch Operator
Keypunch Machine
Punch Card Filing System
Card-to-tape converter
IBM Punch Card Reader
Computer Operator
Communications
High Speed Printer
Greenbar Paper
Tractor Feed Paper
Exception Reporting
IBM Electronic Data Processing Machines (EDPM)
Logistics Support Management
Supply
Weapons Support
Maintenance
Air Force
Teletype
Transceiver
Telephone
Resupply
Operational Readiness
Launch pad
Procurement
Inventory
Pipeline
Missiles
Transportation Scheduling
Inventory Control
Stock Levels
Failure Analysis
Provisioning Status
Electronic Data Processing
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All the machines were the same dark grey paint and large, smooth surfaces. The aesthetic is so clean.
Thanks for your comment. Yes, they had a clean, professional look. No outlines of pieces of fruit, no pink or purple editions. They took computing machines seriously.
THANKS TO FRENCH BORN ENGLISH MATHEMATICIAN SIR CHARLES BABBAGE ON 14TH.JUN.1822 WHO DEVELOPED FIRST COMPUTER IN THE WORLD !!!!! LOVE FROM INDIA...!!!! jzpatelut..
@@dueldu70 He invented the computer and the defense contract cost overrun at the same time!
I like the way that one dude easily picked up the crate and threw it in the truck @ 3:28,
then it took two guys to struggle carrying out @ 3:38 . .
These videos are fascinating because, at this point in time, most no one knew what a computer was or was useful for. This was the very beginning of the mystique of the "electric brain". This is a spot on and well executed sales pitch for what computers could do. I was actually impressed by the sophistication of the logistics presented. And that was the 1950s.
I wish people still talked this way.
i agree nowadays you got kids talking broken english, im sad
@@mrni6502 you think kids back then talked like this? :)
@@kloakovalimonada Maybe not, but surely not grown up adults who are 30 , yet speaks only english (which is fine), but at a 1st grade level at best
It’s like transatlantic speak
Clear, precise speech. Sounds like an Air Force video.
This is a fantastic bit of computing history. It's great we have this, because eventually no one alive will have used these systems.
Well young fella, I ain't dead yet, and I wrote many a program for those things, by cracky .... :-)
The people who used these would be in their late 70s-early 80s by now. Many are alive.
18:26 here you can see a Tektronix 511 oscilloscope. It was Tektronix' first product.
It was IBM with it's huge 511 orders, that pushed Tektronix. This eventually resulted in huge growth at Tek.
Good to know. Thanks for watching!
I have the blue-green and chrome cart with the plug-in space gutted and a 6 drawer parts cabinet in it's place. Top drawer has the mouse pad on it, keys hang from monitor arm base.
Ing. Max Koschuh super. Computer
I was watching another one of these vintage computer films on RUclips the other day-- I think it was a one about Burroughs-- thought it was interesting that just about every shot, even the marketing shots of the system, included at least one Tek scope cart, and many of them had two. Guess it took some work to keep those things running...
The 511, invented by Howard Vollum, was the first triggered oscilloscope ... and the rest is history. Love the old 500 series scopes and have several in my private collection including two 555 dual beam units. With over 100 tubes, each 555 is a masterpiece of electronics design, manufacture and utility. 🙂
thanks to the invention of the transistor, this whole process is in a series of excel forms.
Or they would be if you could fit all the stray bits of 50's, 60's, 70's and 80's code into Excel.
They only gave up 8" disks a couple of years ago. I'd be amazed if they could run anything more recent than Excel 97 on some of those machines. The punched card readers may have gone- but if you've got any spare parts for an IBM XT, they're keen to hear from you.
unless the fallout universe happened, in which the transistor was never invented.
@@juango500 Fallout still have regular computers, which are small enough to fit on a desk and be carried (except by apple users lol)
I was still maintaining a punch card printer / reader / duplicator until 2002 although I have to admit I only had the vaguest idea of how it worked. Fault finding by substitution gets very boring when there's hundreds of plug in relays, switches and solenoids. In the end it was the departure of the only person who knew how to drive the bloody thing that ended it's diabolical reign. Never have I been so pleased to see a machine dropped in a skip.
How's your hearing, these days?
Thank you for this movie. I enjoy watching historical and informational military videos.
It's a strange thought that the entire ICBM industry is committed to manufacturing and improving a product which never has been, and hopefully never will be, used.
Two were used- but they were the equivalent of the Colussus, or ENIAC.
Very educational and a look into the past and too see how much has changed since.
those old main frames have as much processing power as my keybroad does today
Actually, the microcontroller in a typical keyboard would be many orders of magnitude more powerful than these old systems. A wireless keyboard has more computing power than all the computers of the entire world during the era shown here!
Thanks for sharing this cool computer with all of us. I see the cost in manpower to order a .19c part hasn't changed much.
Wow now we do all this on a small box about the size of two large boot boxes, how efficient.
So how does a government pay $200.00 for a Hammer or a .19c transistor? Here's the process:
1. Look it up in the PDF/Manual.
2. Fill out the required order form, with manual number, chapter or work package, figure, index number, item name, two part numbers, alternate part numbers, item control number for the equipment it's going into.
3. Submit it to the supervisor.
4. Supervisor reviews it.
5. Pass it to the site supervisor.
6. Site supervisor reviews it.
7. Pass it on to the supply worker.
8. Punch it into the computer and submit it.
9. Supply center in another state reviews it to make sure its actually in the item it was requested for. You know someone might order some spare parts to hide under the work bench so they don't have to do all this crap for a .19c Transistor.
10. Supply center sends a request to a government approved vendor. Women owned is preferred for political correctness.
11. Approved vendor submits the request to the warehouse.
12. The warehouse receives it and fills the order.
13. The warehouse sends the part to shipping and it ships.
14. The part arrives at the repair facility.
15. Supply worker reviews it and sends it to the technician or to the shop supervisor.
16. The technician installs the part and tests it to find out the problem is fixed. Then to find out we need another part to move to the next step and the process repeats.
Fortunately I brought this process up at an efficiency meeting. I asked why we did it like this, we spend about $200.00 dollars to get a .19c part. The response, "We do all this is to ensure we don't order more parts than we need to keep costs down and to ensure someone doesn't steal a .19c transistor, or other parts like it." I said and that's assuming someone would want it.
So my response; "to keep costs down!" "You don't think they actually pay $200.00 dollars for a hammer do you?" Ah ya they do, in man hours and shipping costs. We again for the 13th time are allowed to have a supply bin to stock some of the cheaper parts we use on a regular basis. Now we can just go over and pull it our of a supply bin and document it directly on the supply sheet. So much more efficient. When I started back in 1999 we had 12 sheets documenting our work on a piece of equipment, wow we have about 50 sheets. Now when our customers equipment is repaired by one technician it has to be checked by four other people then the paper work is checked by 6 more people before it's shipped. Our governments need to document EVERYTHING is WAY out of control and wasteful just to CYA or for whatever, is ridiculous. Well folks that's my Government Efficiency Lesson for the day kids. Aren't you glad they're in charge of your health care even more now, thanks to the ACA?
Best Wishes n Blessings. Keith Noneya
WOW! That's quite a process. Government oversight never seems to simplify anything. Thanks for the comments!
Keith Noneya :-O
An elephant - a mouse built to government specifications (to quote a famous author).
remember that dollar hammer that cost 200$ 199$ goes to secret projects or laundered to secret project
in the year 2000, computers will be able to perform hundreds of calculations per minute!
We achieved that feat in the late 60s
I think you mean thousands of calculations per second
Thank you for this video. I really would like to have a setup like that for fun and to learn more. So interesting.
Also liked the background music parts. Awesome to listen when your working. It kind of cheers me up.
Greetings and thank you for your kind words. Glad you liked the video. Thanks very much for watching and commenting. Hope you like some of our other vintage computer videos too!
The videos are so interesting. Thank you for the quality you deliver. ;)
Hi Multiscan, thank you for the kind words. There is still lots of room for improvement, but I am learning more with each film and presentation that we share. Thanks so much for watching!
Pocket computers OK, but where is that wheel in orbit space station!
Ha ha at 15:01, the frazzled Maintenance Manager (whose office is the same exact set, only propped out differently, than the Item Manager's), poorly acting the part of a frazzled, hyperactive office worker with rolled up sleeves and holding a telephone receiver in each hand! Fabulous comic relief.
Not much has changed. The supply system is still just as convoluted as this video.
What a ridiculously complicated process. There must have been a hell of a lot of errors
spotted a beautiful tektronix oscilloscope!
thats what we all want! I know someone who might have one
i also regrett not taking something because they were not handy but I'm also quite happy about some junk i did not take because of the same reasons...I still have stuff i may never use...
It is hard to decide whats worth keeping..i applied the 1 Year rule…
If I haven't used something ina course of one year I get rid of it..exept if it is a museal piece or is needed for a special purpose that will occur again.
Nice! A vintage piece today.
Just sell it to somebody else who might be able to use it.
The end of the video sounded like an episode of Star Trek from the 60s.
This was the state of Computer Technology when Russ Theisen graduated from High School n 1955
yes that helps to explain it. thanks for answering
They also use electric clutches, the tape drive motors never stop spinning. That's why they can start and stop so fast.
True! Thanks for watching, good comment.
@@PhotonlcInduction Actually, the tape itself starts and stops quickly, but not the reels. The tape is sucked into vacuum columns on each side of the head assembly, to provide two buffers of slack tape. Each reel is only turned as needed to feed more slack into its vacuum column when the slack gets too short, or to take up slack when it gets too long.
And here we are, 60 years later, and major car producers cannot build cars because they lack the necessary chips.
Reminds me of the time when the series on TV "The Invaders" a Quin Martin production,
Great times then,
7:20 - "for example, can sequentially check [stuff] in a matter of minutes". And I get frustrated if a page takes seconds to load.
15:06 What kind of expert of specialized knowledge uses only two telephones? At least 10 permanently ringing telephones must be on his desk, and at least one of them must be red!
That was fantastic
It’s crazy that most of this stuff was taken to scrap yards and turned into soda cans
So I take it that explanations like this about how integrated computer systems work is the reason that my grandparents always needed help working with anything technologically vaster then a microwave and oven or a cordless telephone. We need to be teaching in our schools these days more than ever is technology and knowledge of Technology systems. How to repair them how to use them what can and can't be used together how they work everything along those lines the majority of anything scientific or menial has these simple objects now ruling the ability to exist in a market.
Logistics is not just about the military for Trucking Logistics ultimately is the only reason that we have the variety and the ease of Market spending on Goods available to us today that were never available prior to the 90s in the level that they are these days. It's spreading more and more to areas that hadn't had a prior and I'm sure people have some backlash both on the old way that used to live dying and fervent exponential growth the technological era seeming grating on good life that they live possibly for health reasons or just becoming invasive and a burden.
Either way it's going to be something we are going to have to live with from here standing forward until something else changes things.
This is why we're having to teach our children these days time management skills because that simply put is the logistics of managing your day. Logistics will always remain King if you want to live in a high-tech fast paced world.
I love the video I hope some people can read this and that it's a little bit insightful if not profound and deep.
Well, I was there in the early sixties, and I sure don't remember anyone talking about missiles in a matter of fact, even cheerful and enthusiastic tone. It was like, why can't we and the Roosians make some kind of deal and get rid of these things. And even back in 59 or so, them there Roosian whirly gigs up there going around and around. I'm sure that's why all my begonias and geraniums died.
god it's so perfect at 11:28 like an episode of Bewitched ahhh it's even got the stupid strings and xylophones music
Wonderfull!
I’d love something like that haha.
At 0:21, the film production date is shown as MCMXLVII - is that not 1947?
Good spotting. Actually, the MCMXLVII date is 1947 on the Air Force LOGO, since that is when by President Harry Truman signed the law creating the Air Force as a separate branch of the service. Before that, the Air Force was part of the U.S. Army (often called "U.S. Army Air Force"). The film itself is from 1957. Great comment though. No one else mentioned this. Thanks!
one thing I never figured out of the old tape drive is why do you normally see one tape spin while the other one is standing still then it spins while the other doesn't move
Yea but why on one tape machine you see one real spin an the other isnt then when the top or left real stop spin you see the one not spin start spin. Why doesnt both reals spin at the same time. I'm mean just one tape machine not the others around it.
Because what you don't see in that tall cabinet is the large vacuum column that holds several extra feet of tape. That acts as a buffer for the tape so each reel can have a bot of a buffer before spinning or stopping. The reels have to stop and start quickly because data is read in chunks, not a continuous stream like regular audio and such. If the tapes were slow to start or stop, some data could get lost due to the inertia of the reels. Hopefully that helps.
Yes, that does help. Thanks!
Very good reply. Just as a complementary explanation: once the tape was loaded, it was kept under some tension by the vacum chambers. The tape was stop, in contact or not to the tape capstan. It depended on the technology of the tape drive. In the non contact devices, for instance, the capstan was continually running, with positive air pressure flowing thru fine slots pushing the tape away, forming an air cushion . The tape was held in place by a nearby vacuum plate. Then, after an order to read or write, the air flow was reversed very rapidly, so the tape was pushed from the stop plate and at the same time adhered to the rotating capstan. So the tape went from stop to full speed (some 120 inches per second) in 1 milisecond, average. The vacuum chamber supplied the tape, and when the tape level reached some threshold, an order to the reel motors to run was issued. That is why the movements seem to be assynchronous. The valves which changed the air flux were called "voice coils" because they resembled loudspeaker coils. I loved that units. They were real battle horses, running day and nigth.
Jeremy R the tape movement under the heads and take-up or supply reel moment was two separate operations.
the machine was designed as follows:
a capstan on each side of the r/w heads which turn at constant speed. this constant speed was vital to the exact placement of the data on the tape.
a vacuum column before each capstan. the length of tape in the columns is determined by two (or more sensors) withing the column. if the tape is too long in a column, the reel motor must pull tape out of the column. if there is too little tape in the column, the reel motors must add tape to the column.
tape can be read or written in either direction this way.
when a tape Is threaded on a tape drive either manually, it first is guided over the opening of the vacuum column, past a capstan/pinch roller, over the r/w head, then past a 2nd capstan/pinch roller, over a 2nd vacuum column the wound onto the take-up spool.
you press a LOAD button. for automatic threading, use press the LOAD button. what happens is you will hear a vacuum pump activate, pulling the tape into the columns until the sensor detects it has enough tape. on older tape drives the capstan is extended over the vacuum column, placing the tape between the capstan and pinch roller (IBM called this a prolay). some modern tape drives didn't have a pinch roller, but relied on a vacuum to hold the tape against the capstan.
the capstan would then spin, moving the tape in a direction (early machines it was backward, later machines it was fwd) as the capstan moved the tape it would place more tape into one colum and pull from the other column. when the column sensors determined either too much or too little tape was in the column the reels moved in the appropriate direction. This continued utility the tape drive saw a Beginning of Tape (BOT) marker. These markers where shiny pieces of adhesive tape placed right before data on a reel of tape. Consiquently the is a cooresponding EOT marker at the end of the tape. this way the software is signaled to STOP reading/or writing on the tape as it will run off the reel if there was no marker.
Once the BOT was found, the drive would indicate READY to the software so it can begin operations.
if a FWD read was jssued, the capstan would spin, or prolay would be activated moving the tape over the head at a very constant speed. because the tape was in a vacuum column, there was no mass to move and the tape could get up to speed quickly.
once a BLOCK of data had been read, the capstan or prolay would stop tape movement. the tape moment was very rapid and Jerry due to when the software called for more data. The reels would move due to how much tape was in the columns, due to the capstan emptying or depositing tape in each column.
hope this explanation helps you understand
So exactly what were they doing with the oscilloscope on the beer keg?
First established protocol in consolidation is communication. Second established protocol in consolidation is logistics. "Society" is a constant psychological warfare effort in the consolidation of power.
i LOLLED a lot. I suspect that in this 1957 video, there was a LOT of wishful thinking. "the computer automatically route packages to the most optimal route" first of all, what does that mean CONCRETELY? "if supplier A doesnt have part, check supplier B"? and "if the computer doesnt know something it prints out detailed information for the manager. yeah right. I'd love to see that print out. businesses barely do stock management properly TODAY with amazing tools and systems (apart from big cies like amazon, which is why they're so ahead), let alone many businesses communicating efficiently using 1957 technologies. Just think about it, MOST ppl in those days did not even know what a "computer" was! And the ones they had cost millions and would break a few times per hour! Cant imagine a "supplier" having a computer and getting anything useful out of it. I've heard that the SAGE computer built in the same era was barely ever really functional but in the videos they make it look like everybody had their shit together and doing something useful.
It was all highly experimental, the ICBMs of that era also barely ever worked correctly. Ridiculously (by our modern standards) long time to prepare to launch, close to 50% failure rate on launch, similarly high chances of failure on reentry, and then even if nothing spectacularly failed, the accuracy was still pitiful.
hattivat Also noticed that the first generation Atlases were above ground. I suppose around 1959 they started burying them in launch silos/complexes.
@@hattivat after Sputnik they would take a shitload of risk to never let it happen again
How many desks/walls had iconographic representations of the Atlas missile? Anyone count...
Wow....punch cards.
Nice video introduction.
Whatever the technology is outdated or not, that rocket alone will still scare vladimir putin to ever dare to put one step in ukraine.
Some day our AI overloads will watch this and laugh, "only human judgment, human decision LOL"
Boys, this is the future!
i want to VJ using these old computer animations
Got any media that describes the 1970s USAF Advanced Logistics System? (ALS)
Hi Tubastuff, I don't think we have anything specific on USAF ALS. Do you have a particular reference for this?
We do have a good film on the Advanced Fighter Technical Integration (AFTI). ruclips.net/video/6CLNBYywMXk/видео.html
Victor, CHAP
@@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject ALS was a huge (ISTR about $180M) project in the early 1970s, replacing the AFLC IBM 7080 boxes. Hardware was CDC Cyber 70 multi-computer configurations with acres of disk drives and CDC 1700s used for remote feeds to the mainframes. The idea was to track every bit of inventory in any condition; and--this is very curious--to have equivalent-and-substitutable rules. In other words, if you needed an altimeter rated for 30,000 feet and there were none in inventory, you could be sent one for 40,000 feet. Or, as a fellow remarked, request a bulldozer and get sent a shovel. There's probably a fair amount of paper on it in the archives. Proxmire twice awarded it his "Golden Fleece" award. My recollection is that there were about 1500 GSA programmers churning out COBOL for the thing. Ultimately, it was abandoned.
Here's a 1972 prospectus. Eventually the project bit off too much to chew and was terminated in 1978, with a bunch of 370/168s running in 7080 emulation mode. The reason for that is that the 7080 COBOL code had numerous undocumented autocoder patches--figuring out how it all worked would have been ruinously expensive both in time and money.
www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/ASPJ/journals/1969_Vol20_No1-6/1969_Vol20_No5.pdf
I worked on the vendor's (CDC's) side--in all, we were a group of about 70 people supporting 1500 GSA programmers. A new operating system was developed (also deployed as UBS TOOS) and hardware configurations larger most other government installations. This, of course, was all pre-Internet and was quite (perhaps overly so) bleeding edge. The project was delayed somewhat by both IBM and Univac suing against the award to CDC. Both eventually got the qualifying benchmark to run, but declined to submit a proposal. I believe that the IBM proposal involved S/360 model 91 hardware.
It’s weird to realize that none of the people filmed in this are actors, even though it’s filmed shot for shot like a movie.
Also… this really doesn’t seem any faster or easier than just writing shit down by hand.
What a great video - thanks for posting. Can I ask where you found the original copy of this film? I'd love to track down the original film reel/Beta tape - is it from the National Archives? Thanks!
Yes, I believe National Archives is where the original would be. Many of these old films are from 16 mm film, some getting fragile, to be sure. If you search the Nat.Archives site, you may find others too.
Thanks for replying! I'll check the National Archives and hopefully track it down!
Learned at my High Technical School, the Graphic Lyceum te Eindhoven that, the mainframe is established in 1957, but is the Holorith also a mainframe ? I think so, Remarks are liked, thanks.
Saskia, Thank you very much.~ CHAP
No, Hollerith created machines that tabulated (counted) the data on cards. A mainframe, especially by 1957, is able to do much more with data, and it operates with it's instructions stored in memory instead of being literally wired for one specific task. Look up "tabulating" or "accounting" machine and "plugboard".
Can't believe us was so advanced then.. 😐
I've become a skilled keypunch operator
Tom, Awesome! - Victor
*vault boy thumbs up*
Very interesting! What type of vehicle is on this video (e.g. at 3:57)?
Tough question. Perhaps some version of the "International Harvester Metro Van". Grill is similar see: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Harvester_Metro_Van
- or some version of Dodge?
my grandma went to this school
0:20 . there see MCMXLVII then 1947?
Good catch. The 1947 date on the LOGO is when the Air Force became a separate branch of the US military. Before that, it was a part of the Army, known as the "Army Air Force."
@@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject thanks for that information.
Wait until they find out about youtube
To bardzo skomplikowane i czasochłonne było bez użycia komputerów było by szybciej.
I liked the way the missiles cheerfully flew off to nuke Russia at the end of the animation. Cute!
".... And hanging chads are the work of Satan."
You could tell that was staged. They must've used that same corner a half-dozen times. It also obvious that the main console was turned off.
It's seems like the game Fallout 4!
the 60's were so kitsch
looks like science fiction
So many pencil users! You don't see that anymore.
I am COBOL programmer😎
Very cool! ~
Was this narrated by John Doyle?
Hmmm. Don't now. I don't know the name John Doyle....
Computer History Archives Project He did the voice for the National Institute of Standards time of day system.
Pas mal mais ce serait bien mieux en français qu'on y comprenne quelque chose.
14:30 Cool glasses, grandma.
Status Quo That was MY grandmother. Not kidding, she worked for the 56th logistics group.
Great grandmother.
Logistics is not a rocket science, after all!
- It seems to me he is saying "logistics" as "low gisticks". Was it such a fresh concept at the time? Why is it, then?..
- And there is "depo" as "DE Pow" instead of "dee pow" /'di: pou/? Home Depot, any1?
- It's a very recognizable & time-period specific style of media enunciation. I'd love 2 find a strict linguistic analysis of it (phonological, lexical, pragmatical, etc.). It's easy 2 tool. We could mimic it 4 fun/art/brainwashing...
- A "cogent" male voice (it feels like a single guy voice, it couldn't have been, could it?), big "smarter than you" words, "it's so complex you don't get it, better leave it to us", "the state, the army & we-all are on the job 2 keep you safe".
- It doesn't feel like an instructional/educational movie for practical use. It's propaganda. And I reeeeely know what it feels like. But I may be wrong, of course...