The Butterfly Effect With Cylindrical Mirrors And a Laser
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- Опубликовано: 24 янв 2025
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Nils Berglund Full Video Laser Simulation: • Illustrating the butte...
Double Pendulum video from: en.wikipedia.o...
I show how the butterfly effect works in real life with cylindrical mirrors and a laser
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The wildest thing about chaos theory is even the microscopic smudges on the mirrors caused by your fingers when you made them would also be a variable that causes a significant change later on because it affects the reflection/diffraction of the laser. This would be in addition to the variable change in the angle. That’s chaos for you
@Orange Jello
Butterflies are troublemakers.
Plus the natural curvature of the tubes, plus the placement, plus whatever particles are in the air...
@Orange Jello Those bastards !
Life, uh, finds a way.
@@infinitytoinfinitysquaredb7836 says Android on bridge of the Raza !
"I've some flexible mirrors and some toilet paper rolls"
I've never been so excited about science 😄😁
I need both!
You do realize that the term "flexible mirror" is an Oxymoron !? ;)
Cool
Now you will
@@blinded6502 plz explain?
you always find the coolest ways to demonstrate things
110th like🥳🥳
True
@have a nice day 😘 yeah coz thats all about being all knds of "special"
Uh this idea was pulled from someone else's video he just took it and made his own irl
Demonstrate black hole in your home 😁
You should definently try this experiment with adding one of those Lego multiple gear machines (that do full spin in 100 years) to slightly change direction of laser
That's an amazing idea
bro 300 iq
Or just do a timelapse of a single full rotation!
@@RJiiFin it won't complete all 100 gearbox in a lifetime. It will be complete when the universe ends.
That's a gear reduction
Next time use a smoke machine for the laser path, great video!
@have a nice day 😘 bot
This was my first thought! Maybe we'll see many lines crossing!
Oh, no, then we would have… smoke and mirrors!
@@tamask001 but this also causes even more scattering
It might just diminish the light instead of scattering because of the quantity of redundantly contacted particles... What if, depending on what the fog was made of, it culminated into plasma and ignited! Hehe.
Because the beam has width, wouldn’t using mirrors with a larger diameter reduce the resulting 360* result? Giving you a closer result to the computer simulation.
Yes but you'd also need larger movements of the laser to achieve a similar effect, though still probably worth. Do bear in mind that the mirrors aren't ideal mirrors either, there's going to be scattering and some diffraction even then.
IF you would hit the border of a cilindrical mirror, a refraction would happen making it spread again
@@BlaxeFrost-X yes I agree with you that is why I used the word “reduce”. And not eliminate.
The spreading effect would probably multiply so much that it might not even make a difference. Worth testing out though.
Set up an experiment and do the science ! Record it all. Who knows, you may find some new thing that getz your name on it.
I've been subscribed to Nils Berglund for several months; it's crazy to see a crossover like this since Nils's channel isn't huge or anything
It has blown up on RUclips shorts for some reason. I've loved those animation for months too so this crossover is wild.
I was here since years
NileRed? They have over 2 million subs.
@@MisterMister5893 no, I'm talking about Nils Berglund, the person whose video this experiment is based on. His name is shown and also spoken out loud. It's also in the description. I guess you just skipped to the end or something?
@@Fatso-to-fit I wasn't talking about the Action Lab channel, I was clearly talking about the Nils Berglund channel, whose video this is based on. Are you saying you've been subscribed to him for years? He put out some barely-viewed videos 6 through 8 years ago, but then had a gap of about 5 years until he started uploading videos again 5 months ago. Are you saying you were one of his original subscribers from when he first started uploading videos?
Thanks for trying the experiment irl. Have you tried using fewer cylinders, maybe 3 or 4? It might give a more localized spot.
Thanks for making your video
Your video was incredible
bots?
At the end of the video he showed that after just two cylinders the beam had spread out to nearly 180°
Dude doesnt even read his comments to know the guy who he took this experiment from - stopped by to comment lol 😆
You should use Fog so that we can see the whole path of the laser
good idea!
You could repeat the experiment angling the light source upwards slightly, and then each strata of height would represent the distance travelled before finally emerging from the mirror maze. You can see this effect in your video, but it could be made more pronounced.
Ooh now thats my kind of cool
"All simulations carried out simultaneously." That sounds similar to the idea of a quantum computer.
Aren't we all in a Simulation? Heard of Matrix?
LOL I was going down to write that ..
@@GMishx egg
Technically this shows the power of optical computation more than anything else, I think.
In this context, it would be more like the idea of parallel processing with lots of CPU cores, rather than any quantum effect.
I'm 52 and I enjoy every video you make. Thank you for what you do. I learn a lot.
Old TheActionLab: Haha cool science thing!!
Modern TheActionLab: I am going to cause a tornado across the world...
tornados will occur anyways. thanks to the unpredictable nature of the butterfly effect, there will probably no way to determine the initial cause :-D
You should have made the cylinders with a much wider radius to reduce the spreading at each hit & used different color/width lasers.
No, you
Where would he find such large toilet paper rolls?
At a store for GIANTS?
@@PowerScissor one could just use whole rolls of paper towels or toilet paper.
@@PowerScissor There are other things that are cylinders besides toilet paper rolls
@@hakrj12 exactly 😂👍
Why can't butterflies just mind their own business and quit effecting things
Why do you have internet access
What's very interesting are the bright streaks in a few places. Those would represent the input angles for which the exiting beam only moves slowly.
Or alternative, just spots on the walls that get hit from multiple different exit locations and angles.
@@tiagotiagotyup. You got the real answer.
Hey @the action lab! I have a question. Is it possible to dry a wet cloth in a vacuum? When the pressure decreases, then the boiling temp. Of the water will also decrease right? So will the water in the cloth get evaporated in a vacuum? Can I use the vacuum chamber to dry my clothes instantly? Also, would you mind making a video on it? :P
I have a vacuum chamber and I've tried drying mushrooms with it and it doesnt work very well and it takes days of constantly releasing the air and re vacuuming it than releasing and so on for it to work but it does seem to make it so no bacteria will grow but I think freeze dryers are probably the only way that a vaccum is gonna dry something very well!
It will evaporate quicker at first, but due to the evaporation it will cool down (the hotter molecules will leave it, while the colder ones stay in there) This will go on until it wont evaporate that quickly any more and then it will dry slower again
@@GoldenBoy-et6of you should add heat source such as infra red light or other light might work. Because in vacuum, all heat transfer execept radiation is gone. While evaporation require heat, initially the item dried will drop in temperature until the rate of evaporation also go down to equalize the heat absorbed. You may use heating surface, but the heating contact area may be reduced when the item wrinkles as it loses water. Freezing before vacuum drying is just a way to maintain the form factor and integrity of the item dried.
@@GoldenBoy-et6of did you try putting the mushrooms under a lamp? Good luck with your drying
I think an issue is that the moment any water evaporates it becomes a gas, which then adds pressure, meaning you'd constantly have to be pumping air out of the vacuum chamber, meaning your vacuum pump would constantly be sucking in water vapor which probably wouldn't be good for it.
5:52 is such a good visual demonstration of what you were just explaining about the width of the laser causing the 360° spread effect.
There’s got to be a way to use this as a premise for a functioning cloaking device, like from Star Trek. Somebody needs to figure out mathematically how to arrange the cylinders in order to maintain the effect while having a large open space in the middle.
We could use genetic or evolutionary algorithms to evolve such a pattern of mirrors that cloaks anything within them. Would actually be relatively simple, since the only parameters that would need to be verified would be the positions and dimensions of the cylinders.
@@R2Bl3nd do it
@@Chris-io2cs why not, might be a fun little project
What's a cloaking device?
@@sudarshandas4270 Cloaking device is a science fiction idea for creating the illusion of invisibility by reflecting light around an object so that the observer sees what’s behind the object rather than the object itself.
Brilliant as ever…if you point the laser down at a slight angle then you should get a series of horizontal bands. Each band would be indicative of the number of reflections. This would separate much of the dispersion we saw on this video. I’d love to see if it works!
In effect the simulation was correct, just not accurate to reality, irony: the butterfly effect effected the real life experiment, as in there was an unexpected result, very nice
When watching this I was thinking about how one could have a laser which only outputs a beam that's the same height and width as a photon. That way you could guarantee that the laser beam would always travel in a completely straight line I think. Not sure if that technology exists though.
@@R2Bl3nd We can do that, but you won't be able to see where it hits. It won't produce enough light for the human eye to see.
@@SlimThrull humans can detect single photons though, if it was a continuous stream of them surely it'd be easy to see. It could be just as bright as a regular laser but just smaller. A bunch of light concentrated into a small area wouldn't be invisible.
@@R2Bl3nd Even assuming we could, the photon hitting the container won't necessarily hit your retina. Even with minor scattering from the atmosphere this would occur often enough. Add to that the fact that the container is going to reflect them in fairly random patterns to begin with and the likelihood of you actually seeing that photon becomes pretty close to zero.
While our eyes can detect a single photon, they generally won't fire a nerve unless 5 to 9 photons hit within less than a tenth of a second. So, no we can't detect a single photon by itself. We can however detect 5-9 if they all hit within a tenth of a second.
Edit: Clarity.
The simulation can just used multiple point lights right next to each other to be a bit more realistic
Perhaps would have made a more illustrative effect with a bit of smoke? Also perhaps space the mirrors out more, and use less of them, adding one at a time, then wiggling the laser round. As you add more tubes, you'd see the effect become more and more chaotic.
This is cool to see and would’ve been really awesome with a mist of some sort to see the path of the beam viewed from directly overhead.
This would be fun to do with artificial fog as your “screen” instead of your white panel. This would hopefully enable to get a clear view of the reflections from a zenith viewpoint and give you more options for the light source position.
I thought this guy was just some dope at first. His voice sounds like he's not serious and just doing random things as a joke. But now I see he's the real deal and his passion for science is amazing. It turns out he has a PhD is science or something. I hope he ends up being remembered as a real inspirational educator like the Curriosity Show men and not forgotten as just another RUclips content creator.
Don't judge a book by its cover
The fact that you utilize so many different aspects of science in your experiment / videos is remarkable to say the least thank you for this content so much as I feel it will be a standard and Future science teachings in my mind!
Amazing illustrations of the butterfly effect!
Your channel name should be the 'best explanation lab', because the way you just explain and give examples it becomes easy for us to understand it. Love your videos sir
See, this is why even if time travelling was possible, the butterfly effect wouldn't allow you to change the timeline into a desired one. Even one single particle you interact with would change everything.
Good this traveling back in time is impossible we can only manipulate time to slow down or speed up we cannot reverse time as time is the rate of the universe which we perceive relative to everything
Like which egg and sperm get randomly fertilized. Tiny differences in position affecting who even gets born.
This experiment is pretty much would people should realize about financial forecast models
@@brettfafata3017 Yes. I very tiny change in variables can drastically change the outcomes
So you could also see someone behind those cylindrical mirrors even if you don't directly see them.
You can see something, but since light rays are scattered disorderly, it would not make any real image.
Do you think there is a slight bit of diffraction in the mirrors and not just the width of the laser that has width?
Finally, a use for buying all that bog roll in lockdown.
Using the lexicon "bog roll" means you're british and possibly northern,
these just keep getting better and better
Could it measure the gravitational effect of lets say my hand if the lasse was actually my hand ?
(gravitation bending light)
I say yes but you won´t have the instruments to measure such a slight change. We are talking about a millionth of an arcsecond presumably if not less
@@sikliztailbunch Hmmm, okay, kinda dissapointing, what about the moon though? would the light move depending on day/night?
@@yaykruser Since light is affected by gravity, I guess so. But since we as humans do not really feel a difference between day and night in terms of gravitation, I guess even that would make a barely measureable difference. Keep in mind that even a planet bends a ray of light just very slightly. It takes a very big amount of very condensed mass to bend a ray of light significantly. A black hole for example.
On the other hand, it depends on how far the light ray goes. Research facilities use lasers over very far distances to measure even slight gravitational changes. We are talking tens of miles.
I did not know that the guy from "that 70's show" was this smart, he grew up to be pritty handsome to
Ahh so this is like that pathfinding in **insert game with NPCs**
*With enough information EVERYTHING could be predicted*
*If you think about it, everything is predetermined since the big bang*
@Batata zy I believe calling something "random" is a placeholder because we cant predict it or understand it yet
@Batata zy interesting
These need to be so much longer 🙌 love the videa. Thank you for sharing 🙏
I’m at 4:30 and think the simulation didn’t account for the defusing of the laser (getting slightly wider the further it goes).
I *just* saw this video. And then i see you replicating it in real life. Thank you for actually doing Experiments on the things the people want to see
i must say that this is middly infuriating that he bought empty toilet paper rolls instead of keeping the used ones :{
We should cancel culture his channel, and call his boss
@@jamescollier3 hmm how about send him 9trucks full of toilet paper ?
Definitely the best video of describing the butterfly effect!
Please stop testing the physics engine. My FPS irl had dropped a tonne lately.
This is one of the coolest things I've seen, and it's essentially just paper rolls, tin foil and a laser pen! Kudos to you!
Would love to see this effect with some smoke!
i moved out and year after that i was invited to a beach by friend family because they were visitin the town i live in and at the beach there was this marine rescue team stand and i quicky took a picture about the stand and didnt think about it anymore that day. few days later i read what the stand said and there was a time and adress to a recruiting event. i went there and joined the crew and now thats third of my freetime and its absolutely amazing hobby (i like to be able to work in cold, heavy rain, hunger, dark and big waves). i would call that a butterfly effect
I just want to say i totally appreciate you for doing these experiments and showing people how the world around us works and exposing people to concepts of science they would otherwise never know anything about 😁
You should've put fog or smoke around it, would have been cool to see what the light was actually doing.
Go/Weichi is another fantastic example of the butterfly effect; the first few moves set the path for the whole game, and a mistake in the opening is often not felt until the endgame.
Nice background tunes..❤
Brilliant vid yet again 👍
Think about it, if someone in the past, like few hundreds years ago, just moved his finger a little another way, now we'd have absolutely different history and absolutely different humans living
What's cool about this is that means that everything we do now will have an exponential effect. Every time you spend money, shake someone's hand, smile at someone, let someone into your lane in traffic, they all have such far reaching effects that we can't even imagine it. And that's just small things, having a child for example would potentially have a much greater effect. Just imagine if two people a thousand years ago didn't have a particular child, the world could have a lot of differences today. Again, that means that your decisions today, big and small, will drastically affect the future, guaranteed. They might not lead to large changes, but subtle ones that are still quite pervasive.
This channel does the coolest things.
Deterministic but unstable systems behave this way. Think: what is the difference in angle off of a single cylinder, then apply N times. Or for the pendulum, realize that the period for a single pendulum is angle dependent up to 15% at 80 degrees and thus small perturbations would add up if there was only a single pendulum. Then add a second pendulum for a larger and continuously varying and interacting perturbation and it adds up in a much faster and more random manner.
Great illustration, it would never have occurred to me to try this!
I suppose the idea of magnifying small causes to get huge effects could be simplified, in a thought experiment, to a bullet directed at a planet in a distant galaxy.
A single dust particle hitting the gun would cause the bullet to hit a completely different planet. We'd just be using a single straight line with the same length as a lot of folds to achieve the magnifying effect.
It would be probabilistic as well because there's no exact place the dust particle could hit because ultimately there's no "exactness" in position.
(I suggested a bullet in the experiment because it wouldn't spread out like a laser beam, further simplifying the general idea.)
Great demo of refraction, reflection and defusion too.
Would love to see this with some smoke to visualise the laser even better
Awesome! And now I'm ready to encounter the super-shortened / vertical version months from now.
my friend and i did this one night in my room when we were playing with lasers. we shined them at round things and a glass bottle on the table to see the light spread out.
That double pendulum video superposition reminded me of that experiment in which a lot of metronomes running at the same tempo, self sinchronized when put all together in moving board... could we achieve the same effect with double pendulumns?
Really needed a top-down view like the simulation to appreciate the path and deviations the laser took
Physically in terms of light. This does not work.
However as an allegorical represtation of slight changes to initial state. This does represent the drastic changes in outcome. I wouod suggest the focal point of the laser be the highest probability in all potentials that reflect in their individual simultaneous timelines.
Where an outer being can bear witness ti all potentials.
The experiencer only bear witness to their own outcome. Where all potentials exist at once. The focal point of potential shifts dradtically feom the slightest of change.
Big thoughts.
amazing! 👍 its just the sum of angular movement.... just one angular displacement whil projecting it far, makes huge difference.... and here you are adding several ones.... one of the best ways to explain the butterfly effect.
Great job man 👍👍👍
Be proud of yourself
Great explanation. I recommend adding haze or fog to your experiment. That should allow you to show the complete path of the laser.
That pendulum experiment really astonishing
Wow very interesting loved it
I was here
This is great! I'd love to see you redo this experiment with some sort of smoke or fog machine so that we see more detail in how the laser spreads.
I need this as ambient lighting for my room. Imagine the cylinders and lasers ceiling mounted and programming the laser to slowly sweep across with the clock. Every minute you will have a totally different pattern along the top of your walls.
1:00 wave or corpuscular wave dualism, implies that the beam is scattered from non-planar curved reflectors, resulted as a diverging beam, with the exception of binoculars capable of radial beam compression, leaving parallel rays still parallel
absolutely fascinating. keep up the excellent work.
Coolest thing to me is the fact that wheb it goes 360° you can actually see different lines, corresponding to different reflection patterns
"width of the lazer" Sounds super sci-fi ngl.
Angle: Changes 🤏 much
Laser beam: Haha go brrrrrrrrrr
Such a cool experiment. Would love to see it in ultra slow motion to see if it can capture the laser light bouncing around.
Nice, I was reccomended that video recently, probably bc of LiS:True Colors. Fun to see you do this!
This is a great representation of the focus of the conscious mind and where it will lead your life if you simply change your focus.
5:30 Also you may be seeing some diffraction effects. Any tiny imperfections or surface roughness will spread a laser dramatically, try it on brushed aluminum 👀
My uncle worked with darpa and OSS for 40+ years and he said they experimented with reflective spheres and lasers back in the 1970’s to make a defensive shield for incoming missiles. He said basically think of the most advanced thing you can imagine and then go forward 50 years into the future and that’s what they’re working on. They have technology so advanced that right now if china or Russia etc started a war, darpa could unleash an artificial intelligence computer that flows/feels through the atoms of the air and could all at once explode chinas bombs while blacking out their power inside their entire country at the same time.
It’s like Japan not understanding what a nuclear bomb is and then all of a sudden they’re missing entire cities.
I was about to say "how would the beam being reflected all around at the same time means that the butterfly effect is taking effect?"
"The width of the beam simulate the small increments of change"
*Mindblown*
The really curious thing is.....
How do u come up with this stuff? Really cool stuff!! I'm just to imagine sitting there and saying hey I wonder if I can do the butterfly effect?😂👌
I'm sure he watched Nils's video first in this case. It was a relatively popular video so I wouldn't be surprised if multiple people had this idea.
@@R2Bl3nd ..… oh ok I'm not real familiar with the scientific community but this guy does make sum cool videos!!
That was awesome, may I suggest setting the cylinders at different grid spacing to accommodate the width. Also hitting an interior cylinder first. And get a reflection from one to another.
I don't know why but that just sounds like the best entrance to a video I'm going to be doing experiments with lasers and cylindrical mirrors that's just fucking awesome
1:00 - It looks like I can see behaviour reminiscent of period doubling and the bifurcation diagram.
In fact the best demonstration is the different height all the splits of the beams come out at, showing the beam was not level and the further up or down the different levels shows that particular part of the beam traveled further than the parts that hit the wall closer to the level of the original beam at its entry height.
I truly don't think you get the credit you deserve! I love seeing that you have more content for me to indulge in. Keep up the great work, and please keep making videos!
Aliens from "Arrival" at 6:01 be like:
"THAT'S OFFENSIVE!"
Great experiment! The only thing I can say to add is the notion that some influencing factors (mirrors) are small while others are big. Also consider how these factors in real life change second to second, so they should be in continuous motion. To duplicate anything under those circumstances further exacerbates the impossibility of such.
I wonder if you could minimize the effect of the beam width by using much larger cylinders (55-gal drums might be a bit extreme, but you get the idea). I'd also love to see what a fine dry ice fog would do to to show the beam's path as it changes..
Oh, but to see this done with a smoke machine going too (to trace all the laser paths)....
Actually the fact the beam spreads out so much is really proving the butterfly effect.
At each moment the resulting illuminated area represents the spectrum of all the possible landings that originate from each infinitesimal point emitted from the light source.
Some zones end up being brighter than others because the chance of a starting point to end up there is higher.
This and insanely slow Lego gearing videos would be a perfect marriage.
I think the fact that there is a width to the 360 degree strip is neat. Because the laser was at a slight angle downwards, the farther you go down from the top on the image, the longer the light path was. That means that you can see the distribution of lengths of all of the paths from this! (Assuming the toilet paper rolls are perfectly vertical :/)
I usually like your videos however I really loved this.
5:19 "So you can see because we have billions of starting points"
Yeah... Billions...
As a mathematician, this made my brow furrow
The old 1980s version allows us to actually see the fractals that cause this Chaos effect (featured in The Physics Teacher magazine and others.) Get three spherical mirrors, put them together in contact, and hold a frosted large bright bulb in the roughly triangular space behind. Only three curved mirrors needed for butterfly effect (produces an infinite number of "infinite mirror-tunnel" images, all adjacent to each other!) The apparently-straight edge of the triangle-image visible in the three sphere-mirrors is fractal, and infinitely long.
So, your laser above is producing Chaos by shining upon the edge of a fractal, in theory producing a reflected light pattern with 1/F self-similar details at very wide length-scales. Mirrors with N=2 don't work, you need N=3, while higher numbers conceal the fractal structure, making it look more like random white noise.
Challenge that I've never figured out: bend some mirrors so, when you look into one, you see a fractal fern! Video-feedback with a flat mirror can do this (producing "Affine" fractals, with no iterated X^2 included.) But, can we do this with just mirrors alone? If so, then we can probably create images of actual Julia sets, by including a curved mirror which gives parabolic distortion!
spread the mirrors out a little! with them so close together, it’s no surprise that diffusion ends up making a 360 of light; i’m sure the tolerance is tight, but it’s worth a shot :) i might have to build this one at home just for giggles. Thanks for the excellent videos, as always! cheers!
Very good video! The insight about testing all the possibilities at once was great! When I saw the computer simulation I wondered if the flickering of the laser due to mechanical noise or air turbulence would create some effect, but didn't see any afterwards
wow this is awesome. I did not think of that. This is perfectly logical and honnestly, mindblowing. And cool.
in fact you can see even better on your experiment, a change just the size of the laser (a few mm) can drastically change the outcome. The little changing of the start conditions of the photons trough the thickness of the lazer made them end up trough the hole 360º of possibilities.