Cosmic Queries - Quantum Catastrophe with Neil deGrasse Tyson & Brian Cox
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- Опубликовано: 9 май 2024
- What is the black hole information paradox? On this episode, Neil deGrasse Tyson and comic co-host Chuck Nice explore the Higgs Boson, quantum entanglement, and black holes with particle physicist Brian Cox.
Is mass actually a property of matter? Find out about matter’s interactions with the Higgs Field, the ATLAS Experiment at CERN, and what would happen if the Higgs Field malfunctioned. Discover the quantum field: What would it look like in the early universe? What would happen if light had mass?
If nothing can travel faster than the speed of light, how does the universe’s expansion travel faster? Or entangled particles? Learn about the speed of information and how quantum entanglement works. Could you send a signal across the universe using entanglement? Find out about wormholes, quantum computing, and using entanglement for encryption.
We explore the black hole information paradox and the entanglement within a black hole. What happens when a black hole evaporates? Are there wormholes? We discuss the work behind finding fundamental problems in the universe and what physicists do when they’re wrong. How small is a Planck length? All that, plus, we learn that sometimes… Math is hard!
Thanks to our Patrons Detlef Van de Wal, Devon Gogel, Jay Salmon, Jacek Kono, Jordan Hume, Brynjar, M J, and Yoni Liberman for supporting us this week.
NOTE: StarTalk+ Patrons can watch or listen to this entire episode commercial-free.
About the prints that flank Neil in this video:
"Black Swan” & "White Swan" limited edition serigraph prints by Coast Salish artist Jane Kwatleematt Marston. For more information about this artist and her work, visit Inuit Gallery of Vancouver. inuit.com/
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Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
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0:00 - Introduction
4:38 - ATLAS Experiments
6:32 - Higgs Field
18:15 - Faster Than Light
22:54 - Quantum Entanglement
32:06 - Black Hole Information Problem
39:11 - Intellectual Disputes
44:24 - Planck Lengths
47:55 - How Much Information Can A Black Hole Store?
48:12 - Closing Notes 
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Which fact about the universe blew your mind when you heard it?
Learning that Lord Nice is the Moses of the L.A. party field definitely my favorite fact. @chucknicecomic “if you think you understand quantum mechanics, you don’t understand quantum mechanics” -Dr. Feynman. The idea of Hawking radiation being an autobiography that’s just really hard to read blew my mind. I had been on board with the erasing of information by black holes.
The fact that most most blew my mind of all facts about science is the utilization of zero point energy the fact that everything changes at a temperature oh man that fact all man zero. Energy utilization is the most mind blowing scientific fact that I have ever ever discovered ever
I was driving when Neil said that the Red Giant phase of the sun would take up HALF of the visible horizon!
Driving along, glancing up and thinking about it was mind blowing.
*I didn't crash. Lol
@@seamusmcfadden994 Also, ...given the ages of other stars and planets in the cosmos, this already must be the case on many other worlds.
The fact that 94% of every observable galaxy has passed a cosmological horizon and is forever out of reach.
I love how amazingly humble and polite Brian is.
LOL yes, he is. A 'true' Englishman.
Thank you!
Not to mention that he literally is a rockstar!
He's no Lemmy?
@@hanstubben I would jam with him! He plays Keyboards and if he plays too fast his fingers are at risk of getting quantum entangled! (
I love how Neil fully acknowledged that the conversation may be somewhat beyond his scope so Brian is there to help fill in the blanks. That is why I love the scientific community, everyone knows that everyone doesn't know everything, but everyone knows something in varying degrees.
And vice versa, Brian referred to Neil regarding topics that Neil was more familiar with. Sometimes people forget these people are specialists, and that no one person has all knowledge. That's what makes the scientific community work so well.
Niel would do well to more often realize the derivative nature of his understanding
Yes, it's kind of woke
That was a great episode Neil, Chuck & Brian! As always, Brian is a terrific guest and one of my favorites! 👍👍👏👏
We're glad you enjoyed it!
Did you hear me laugh out loud when
Someone mentioned
Dinosaurs one the ark
"[D]on't be afraid not to know what... people are talking about, because you might end up asking a brilliant question!" I hope you will preserve this brilliant quote of Chuck's, it is the best advice I've heard for novices and career scientists alike.
LOVE THIS EPISODE! Neil is the ambassador between Chuck's humor layman polarisation vs Brian's more humble and serious consults and contributions as the guest. My 2 favs and Chuck right in the middle. This episode's half-life will never decay!
Half-life 👌🏻👌🏻
I do feel sometimes Brian was getting a bit frustrated at times because he wants to get on with it without the humour. Or at least it seemed that way to me.
@@SpyroTek totally agree. It looked like he was thinking "ok I shall humor them but I am inevitably integral and this is serious" hehe
@@SpyroTek could we redo the show without the man in the middle?
Now imagine adding Dr.Becky in as well. Holy wow!
Same as Neil, The best description I’ve heard for describing the Higgs field and the Higgs boson was from Étienne Klein. Just imagine you’re a person in an event. You (a particule) try to leave and everytime you ran into people you know, you exchange small talk with them (Higgs boson) It will slow you down and it will take you more time to leave the place. From an outside observer you will look like you’re moving slowly in the environment, thus looking like you’re more massive than anybody else. Every person (particle) Interact differently with the crowd (field) depending of their own property (number of friends, shyness, small talk skills, etc..)
Amazing analogy!
Nice explanation my grandkids can understand.
Awesome👏💪🎈
By that I'll be out the door so fast it would seem like I left before I even entered...what particle am I?
If a person tries to leave a place, he wouldnt start small talk with anyone.
I would just walk out, and if someone talked tonme, i'd keep walking and say "Sorry I have to go, I have no time."
Love the episodes with Brian, such a great guest!
lol Brain ... a valid typo
Seen way better guests before. Personally wasn’t impressed at all…
Brian is amazing! Bring him back as soon as is possible!
Quantum entanglement blows my mind…like it’s straight up magic
Me too and when were able to use quantum entanglement to control the aperture of warm holes we will be able to go anywhere in the galaxy
Quantum entanglement is just like using 2 identical SIM card, they will receive message instantaneously.
@@keenanbrowne3307 do realize entanglement is possible but due to many other phenomena generally speaking entanglement is lost do to poor coherence.. it’s like this.. if I give you an identical white shirt to your brother and tell you to meet me later.. and you spill something on your shirt and your brother does not then you are no longer entangled… entanglement doesn’t work the way a lot of people think.. it’s very unstable and generally requires nothing interact with the system. Entanglement doesn’t mean when someone happens to one it happens to the other.. it means that if two particles are entanglement and you measure one you know something about the other
@@bakalito4601 no.. with entanglement no information is sent.. a SIM card receives information and insinuates information is sent.. entanglement works by means of correlation.. if two identical waves are on opposite sides of the universe by knowing the position of one, you also know something about the other because they are coupled. But you cannot communicate that information to someone across the universe.
It’s the uncanny valley, when someone will levitate an object it will feel alien at first
Always a pleasure to watch this entangled pair. MIND-BLOWING
Thank you for bringing science out to the average Joe's. There's not enough aspiring scientists in our society nowadays, thank you for inspiring so many people.
We're at an all-time high for kids aiming to get into the sciences.
With sensationalized junk?
I would love a two-hour length episode of these three plus Janna Levin. Please make it happen!
Just so long as the audio is better on Brian's side! -.-
@@ZeHoSmusician I know right! English is not my first language so it was even trickier to make up what he was saying. One would think they'd make sure the audio of video call guests is good enough.
Oh man, Chuck is hilarious. Such a great mix of comedy and wonderful cosmic science talk with one of my favourites Neil and Brian.
Neil and Brian are my favourite combo!
Let's geek it out❤️
I love you guys❤️❤️❤️
Vacuum decay (Higgs Field collapse) is one of my favorite physics theories to learn about. It'd be awesome if they could spend a whole episode on that one topic alone! Great show as always guys! 😃😁😻👍
Love StarTalk, but I'm honestly getting impatient for episodes where everyone's back together in the same room. Neil's office, or that cool podcast studio with galaxy backgrounds and glowing desks, I mean there were some cool set-ups. I get it, everyone's on different sides of the country now :(
On the bright side they can make content wherever they are whenever without any delays!
Blame the virus. Many are still ignoring it.😷😪🇺🇸
They're entangled.
Isn’t chuck and Neil in New York
@@dacrispy5268 That's absolutely true
This was one of the best episodes i've seen ! Bring Brian back ! Sending love, keep looking up !
"Bringing the Universe Down to Earth" sounds like a title for a book and/or television show.
Neil actually does have a book that came out in the early 90s called " The universe down to earth" :)
@@patday4996 probably why he said and has said it a couple times in the past, its his motto
I love and cherish these episodes. Always come out of them with a sense of appreciation for the universe.
You cannot derail Brian from professor mode. He’s got an amazing grasp of all things physics. And it’s the speed of light IN A VACUUM, space itself likely moved at thousands of times C during the first microseconds of the Big Bang.
Brian has the potential to be remembered as one of the world's greatest poet proselytizers of any discipline. We wonder what his future holds.
You three have fantastic chemistry. I spent the greater part of the episode both intrigued and smiling and now my face muscles hurt. Please dont ever stop doing episodes!
Love you guys together. Thank you.
Thank YOU!
At 04:26 , Neil saying 'Brian and I are just trying to bring the Universe down to earth' is what makes this Cosmic queries, a great treat to watch, understand, and learn!! #KeepUpStarTalk
I love Brian. Especially how his face stays the same even when he smiles.
Any chance you might do a show on time crystals?
It sounds like they could be a massive advancement in quantum physics.
One of my favourite episodes, thank you Neil , Brian and Chuck . I was wondering if you, Neil , would do some Christmas lectures for children in the U.K (i know my nephew would love to be in attendance as he is so keen on space and functions + theories ) and also some lectures for us here whenever you have the time ? It would be such a gift and delight for our curious minds that to learn from you ,your expertise and knowledge.. Thank you StarTalk for great content always.I love learning here !
One of the best interviews I've ever seen . Absolute quality . Thank you chaps .
Wow I actually had no idea about the ER=EPR conjecture until now. This makes A LOT of sense on how entanglement works but again impossible to visualize a warmhole in space and time dimensions.
I love deGrasse, he is amazing! I wish I could personally learn from him... I love his thought process and humor that is relevant to the now.
Maybe this was answered and i zoned out for a second but could a blackhole store enough energy to re create the universe? Also much respect and love towards you three. It's really great to have a fun way to learn about science.
What an intellectual treat it is to listen to Startalk !!!! Love it !
He's right. (Brian)
It's 10³⁵ of a meter. (The number of Planck lengths in a proton)
The Planck length is the scale at which classical ideas about gravity and space-time cease to be valid, and quantum effects dominate. This is the 'quantum of length', the smallest measurement of length with any meaning. And roughly equal to 1.6 x 10-35 m or about 10-20 times the size of a proton.
(Just FYI 👍)
Yap, I totally understand. I used to measure it using my quantum ruler.
Best explanation I came up for, about the universe expanding faster than light :-
Image you have points in space, in a line. They are moving apart at 1 meter per second. You think you are sitting still, the points next to you are moving away 1m/s, the point next to them are moving away at 2m/s, and so on. You only need 300 million points in a line, and the further away ones look as if they are moving away faster than the speed of light.
However! That far away point thinks IT is sitting still, while everything else is moving away from it. That far away point thinks it is still, and you are the one moving away from it faster than light.
This can be true for every point in space. Its all relative.
I screenshoted your comment.. So good
Nice... so, why aren't objects expanding and becoming larger over time if space is inflating?
@@trisinogy On the small scale, basic atomic and chemical forces keeps things at their regular size, and on top of that its gravity. A solar system stays at its general size, and the space within and around it expands.
@@jasonyoung7705 That doesn't sound right to me. There has to be a way of determining when exactly does space expansion trump other forces. If space inflation occurs at a scale that changes the energy of a photon (red shift) it must have some other measurable effect on other objects. If the forces you mention act "against" space inflation, there must be energy produced or consumed during the process...
@@jasonyoung7705 Not very convincing, to be honest. If photons are affected by the expanding space (red shift) shouldn't all interactions be affected by the same phenomenon? If nuclear and electromagnetic forces are actually opposing the expansion, aren't they consuming energy? Where does this energy go/come from?
Brian got scrambled at the end, but the information is there, fantastic, thank you for the best of sci.
I really appreciate how much you guys laugh, in addition to providing educational content. When I see an intriguing looking Startalk video, I click!
My 2 favorite science popularizers. Chuck is one of the funniest guys on these shows. Never seen his stand up but I'm sure it's great.
Neil and Chuck for 2024
President Neil Degrasse Tyson vice president Chuck Nice 2024 I second your nomination
You nailed it. That would be perfect. Sincerely
a good way to think about quantum entanglement is that if you had two tv screens displaying a strobing rainbow simultaneously , it's impossible to say for certain what color is on the screens at any given time. if you pause one of the screens, and record the time you paused it, you'll know what color the other screen was displaying at that time, but by pausing one of the screens you have destroyed the entanglement because they are now longer in sync. we don't know the spin of a particle until we measure it, like shooting another particle at it and seeing the effect it has, when they hit it changes the spin of the original particle, breaking the entanglement.
Brian's voice is as always pleasure to listen to.
I absolutely love how down to earth these guys are. Incredible show.
Chuck's Impersonation of Sir David Attenborough is AMAZING!!!
One can ponder why a continuous always changing facts show like Cosmos can't have several hosts over the decades and generations.
I know you and your guests are busy, but these are FAR too short! We need more Neil!!
@25:00 - There is nothing travelling faster than speed of light in quantum entanglement.
It is like you send out one hand glove out of a pair with one person and the other with another person to opposite sides of the Earth (or galaxy for that matter!) in a closed box.
The person is allowed to open and check if they got the right glove or left glove only upon reaching the destination.
As soon as one box is opened and let'S say a right glove is found in the box, one immediately knows that the other box contains a left Glove.
Information had been travelling along within the box. It just got exposed in that instant of opening the box. Nothing ever travelled through space faster than light.
Actually, I like that analogy. Nice one.
There is. We just dont know it yet
@@Cosmic-Wanderer There is a god, we just don't see him is just as valid as your argument.
When you take a pair of socks from the cupboard, neither of them is right or left, but when you put on one of them on the right foot, another immediately become left.
The problem is that, in spooky action, you can put the left glove on after the person who will check has traveled most of his journey, and the right glove will still be the one remaining, in spite of the distance involved.
Loved this one!!
That was such a informative episode 👏
Brian is my favorite, so nice , and can explain things so well!!!
I feel like Brian was annoyed with all the joking in the beginning 💀
I feel like he was annoyed the whole time because in the end they sort of made fun of them for having a blank brain not being able to think of the answer right off the top of his head you know I think he was totally annoyed hopefully he was also having a little fun
He may have been annoyed by being interrupted so many times. He barely got to finish a thought
maybe to us it also appeared that Brian had a slight audio delay for all or parts of the discussion. maybe blame it on the hotel data situation.
Ya to felt like that
No he wasn't, they're friends
I could listen to Neil and Brian talk all day
Well done, Brian. Slogged your way through two black holes while keeping your message clear.
Chuck, I have Expectations sitting right here next to me and yet again, you have not steered me wrong.
They don't recall meeting you. ;O)-
Brilliant people! Awesome!
Wow. This is probably the best episode I've ever watched.
I would love to just sit and listen to Brian for hours and hours in a room.
Man I love Chuck, he always makes me rewind, mainly because I'd laugh and couldn't hear 😂
Brian is secretly a benevolent vampire lol. Loved it
Chuck by far... always has the fresh cut
I'm excited to finally see a new video of Brian and Neil and Chuck
Does quantum information really have to be preserved? How was this determined? Do our models, physics break if information is destroyed but matter and energy are still preserved?
matter and energy are fluid, on the quantum level, but information has always been the constant thing. Information is preserved, so that effect equals cause.
Don't rely on information, most of the time they are wrong.
Awesome episode! Brian and Neil are modern day heroes. Chuck thanks for keeping it real.
Neil, you said something in the middle of this episode that perked up my ears.
I understand what you meant, but others may not: “Gravity is energy.” Well, sort of, but not quite.
As I understand Einstein and Hawking, the Space-Time Continuum is informed by Mass, and/or its equivalent Energy, and Steve said that’s embedded in a quantum universe that quintessentially defies concrete understanding. Mass is lots of energy, and Energy is Mass. What is the informatics equivalent of the two? For me, the real question is whether this might simplify the quest for all that Dark Matter
Thank you for the content. Keep it up you guys are great 👍
With the frontiers of science being able to explain the mechanisms by which so many more wonders work, I find it quite strange that people would rather say “magic did it” every time science is yet to understand a phenomenon. Rainbows were magic, gravity, lightning, the sun, the moon etc etc were all magic until they aren’t. So why would anyone think that the answer must be magic when nothing ever is.
People don't care what's true. They care about what backs up their views. That's how we get to scientists, at great effort, establishing the reasons for global warming, then Dave from the local pub not being comfortable with that so parrots non-scientific explanations instead.
some people believed that because they said the universe popped out of nothing, out of thin air, now thats magic
@@HakimiNurazlan nobody “believes” that! The evidence points to that being the case. Also you can surely see the difference between “belief” and where the evidence leads.
@@HakimiNurazlan depends how you define “nothing”. If it's just energy, then thats enough, because we know energy equals mass from e=mc^2.
Y’all broke Brian for a moment, but he recovered!
Yeah they broke him but afterwards don’t you like how they kind of stalled until he can recover and then give him another chance to end the show?
Great show gentlemen. And good evening Niel, Brian and Lord Nice. Brian should be a part of this more often. He is a genius.
Excellent video. Are you feeling under the weather, Dr. Tyson? It might just be the lighting. I hope you’re taking care of yourself, we’re all looking forward to you continuing to educate us for a good long time to come.
Cheers!
Today was officially a good day
Could there be the correct conditions (biochemical and goldilocks wise) in a cloud or nebula in space to support life where the cloud beings would have cloud containers for their cloud beers and lunches and just float around in their "sector"? I wanted to say zone but this question is already clownshoes. You gize are my absolute fav. Door County WI USA. 🤘
@Brandon Letzco 🤣😂🙃
I'm constantly amazed by your content, sparking my curiosity to dive deeper into the enigmas of the cosmos. Thank you for fostering my sense of wonder.
0.10 seconds in, already THUMBS UP - Thanks Neil, Brial, and Chuck! You guys are....
I don't have another word for it... you'all be dope, bruhz. This was great! Awesome episode!
Pov: You got the notification
Neil seems smart! 🤔
Brian...hold my beer! 🍺
" Once there was a world "
One of my favourite lines in cosmos🔥
This is one of my favorite Startalk episodes & this goes to Mr. Neil DeGrass Tyson " If we detected other cosmic entities (fields or particles) speeding faster than photons,,,is because the photons made that happened for us to detect. Second : Black holes destroy old information falling in it & create completely new information on the other side of its singularity. They create something but never nothing.
Black hole I wanna say black star since the core the very heart of it is a enigma in imagination and observation. Some stuff merges others repel and in between is a seesaw balance field of masses. Information is all 4 states of matter it seems.
I wish they would let there guest complete a comment or answer a question before making a joke. I watched to hear Brian’s views and learn but they constantly interrupt his explanations.
Yeah because of woke culture
I believe quantum particles are particles that exist in past, present and future at the same time. That's why quantum particles that do not connect in any way, react the same way. It's the same particle. How do these particles come to exist in all of time, at the same time, you ask. Maybe the same way all of matter gets focused to one point. This is how all the TIME this particle wasn't there, exists in the same TIME it is there. See, quantum reality.
I believe the TIME Force/quantum reality/quantum realm is fluid. When it takes 500k of our years for one millionth of a second to pass inside a black hole. Then you have a white hole's ENTIRE existence flashing by in an instant. You can imagine time being a fluid force. I mean, if it walks like a duck and quacks like a force, it might not be just a causality.
Sounds like the one electron universe... which has been debunked as it creates numerous problems...
Intriguing but then they'd have to be in all spaces at all times or is there another connection ?
@@clawer2969 It's a fascinating idea though. It would go someway to explaining the measurement problem and of course assumes higher dimensions of 4d planes and more.. maybe each universe has only one each, a busy little fella, boiling my kettle and cooking dinner..
How much can we know?
Isnt it entirely subjective, as we have no other universes to compare ours to?
Our physics fits our view but is it universal or multiversal?
Is the anthropic view the best we can hope for?
Will this ever cease to be fascinating?
If there is just one electron, can I call it Ron Electron?
These questions any many more....
@@clawer2969 Yeah, that one was a bit on the wrong side of logic. However, if all electrons gain attributes from the Quantum Field (which is everywhere all at once) that would explain the lack of mass/energy discrepancies between them. So, they were almost right? ;O)-
@@Corvaire electron universe debunked and numerous problems, gaining attributes from the quantum field... MAYBE, that's the time force I'm talking about. If you can have time take 500k of our years for one millionth of a second to pass inside a black hole, then have an entire existence flash by in an instant in a white hole, you can see time is as fluid as any other force. I mean if it walks like a duck, and quacks like a force, it might not be just a causality.
Three of my favorite people on one show. This was incredible. Thanks 😃 guys
I saw the brilliant show in Mpls and brought the family, well worth it. Tell Brian to get his bbc programming on a streaming service like Netflix, Wonders of Life was excellent
I'm sorry, as much as I love Neil and chuck but the way they keep interrupting their guests really infuriates me, so rude and really diverts what their guests are saying and takes away from what they are saying
I would agree except it’s their job to keep their gas focus and they only have 45 minutes what I was saying earlier is if it was a Podcasts like three hours long it wouldn’t matter if they interrupt each other because the events and get what they meant to say out but you’re right it was things Brian wanted to say but because he kept getting interrupted he never got to say them and will never know what they were
He's not really a particle physicist, he's just theoretically one?
Fantastic episode. The chemistry between all of you made this so enjoyable. Thank you.
So much brain matter was blown. Thank you for such approachable descriptions of these concepts.
Your joy as you share knowledge brightens my day.
I wish they could do a serious podcast instead of a fake fun talk show full of fake laughs
There was one show without Chuck, or any other side host, and it was actually wonderful!! A lot more information was said, more questions were addressed, and overall was better.
They're trying to keep the attention of the younger demographic. I applaud his attempt at trying to get more people engaged.
Laugh talk
I like how you guys renew all space, macro and micro stuff talk.
Thanks!
Neil thank you for communicating science with a healthy dose of great humour.
This show turned into 95% NDT laughing and 5% content. Tbh it got quite annoying
That’s exactly correct and this should’ve been a three hour long episode and there would’ve been a lot more content and a lot more laughter gone gone at your right
If only they had courage to stop that fake laugh.
Wow this was the perfect episode, such Nice laughs and Great information. Stay healthy 👨🔬
Fantastic stories. Almost all mentioned... Thank you . Listen in peace with science.
Sorry Chuck most of your jokes don’t land.. it’s like 2 adults and a 5 yr old kid trying to have convo
Neil, please look at this episode objectively one more time, the mess is created by Chuck!! distracting and very annoying.
You see that Chuck nice is distracting but every time I get distracted with my own thoughts and spacing out Chuck and I tell a joke and then I’m paying attention again and then they say the next thing man it seems like Chuck nice is mostly there for people who have problems paying attention
"You don't want to be right, you just want to understand nature."
Wow -- that's so well put!
I attended a public talk by Hawking, and the subject was black holes and loss of information. This was before he eventually conceded the point. Where can one find the most recent version of the theory on this? (In a form accessible to laymen?)
The most surprising thing in the Universe is Chuck's ability to do an excellent David Attenborough impression.
Wow! fun stuff! I learned a lot about the physics of relationships between physicists!
I watch all Videos of Brian he is so smart and have a calming voice
along with Michio Kaku, Neil and Brian are my favourites, by far