Quarks: The Miracle That Saved Particle Physics
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- Опубликовано: 26 авг 2024
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Smaller than an atom, but majorly important: introducing the quark! Quarks helped make sense of particle physics, and we'll tell you all about it in this new episode of SciShow!
Hosted by: Stefan Chin
Head to scishowfinds.com/ for hand selected artifacts of the universe!
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Sources:
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web.ihep.su/owa...
www.nature.com...
www.nature.com...
www.nature.com...
www.nature.com...
www.annualrevi...
electron6.phys....
books.google.c...
www.osti.gov/b...
journals.aps.o...
books.google.c...
www.physlink.co...
link.springer....
journals.aps.o...
www.sciencedir...
inspirehep.net/...
www.sciencedir...
arxiv.org/pdf/...
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Images:
commons.wikime...
cds.cern.ch/rec...
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SciShow, what about the god particle or god gene which has a trihelix strand instead of the normal bihelyptical strand of DNA?
TWO months? Wow, that's generous. I'll have to check out what they have.
3
Now this person gets it.
Vulgar Display of Truth that 'God particle' is higgs boson and it's a part of group called leptons (electrons, neutrino etc)
Idk wth is a God gene though
Fourth quark's the charm!
i hate you for this
Pierre Abbat wow just LOL
sniff
i hope both your pillow sides are warm
Nice lol
Gell-mann seriously had a hidden talent for naming schemes
"...but apparently [calling the new quarks truth and beauty] was just too much... "
That was a genuine LOL on my part.
Physics before quarks: "There's four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and uhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..."
@@goldenwarrior1186 if there's a strong version of something, there has to be a...?
James Manto gotta be honest im no scientist, but I thought quarks helped explain the weak one? Maybe i missed the point i just think the point of the joke was if theres a strong theres a weak too.
9Ball I mean, that would make sense, but I’m not sure about quarks explaining the weak nuclear force. I’ma look it up real quick.
@@emilandersenaudio and there is
Weak nuclear force
"indivisible"
haha I've heard that joke before, not getting me this time
It would be cool to have a channel that produces a video series that explains how particle accelerators work, how the results are collected and then how they are analyzed to come up with these proofs of particles like quarks.
Yes! I would also like to see a detailed technical explanation of these processes, it is frustrating to only hear the results of such experiments without an understanding of the mechanisms involved.
You might as well just study quantum mechanics or buy a book like Feynman's lectures otherwise there's way too much to explain for a simple video
They collide protons together at the speed of light and get temporarily stable resonances they deduce (wrongly) are fundamental particles. They've somehow convinced themselves protons aren't fundamental particles in the midst of this because they forgot quantum fluctuations are real. It's a clusterf---k.
People kept telling me I'm weird, so I had to put a positive spin on it. That's how I discovered my quarks. Now I tell people I'm not weird, just quarky.
Sebastian Elytron nooo you could've said you were strange instead of weird. Missed opportunity :(
I thought with "spin" also in there it would be one too many :(
Well that had a certain strange charm to it. Bottom's up!
Should have said people say you're "strange", so you had to put some "top"-spin or "charm" on it.
Do you have any features too?
"Particle with strangeness were particles with strange quarks in them" mkay
you can't argue with that logic
my powerful flexing broke some quantum mechanics causing scientists to investigate
Sounds like something Captain Quark would say :P
Muscle Hank
Congrats!
Muscle Hank I like this
I bet you can't separate two quarks
the LHC pales in comaprison to you muscle hank
Up, down, strange, charm, bottom and top. Sounds like sexy time roles.
🤣
Quark: it smells like upquark
What is upquark?
Quark: Nothin much you?
Insert the sound of Morn's groans here...
I'd like to know more about _how_ these particles were predicted and tested for their existence. All too often, I heard about scientists apparently proving something but not even a layman overview of how it was done.
agreed!
It's a theoretical circle jerk for more funding.
Absolutely. I can understand why they feel they want to dumb it down for us, but it's not like there isn't room on the internet for lay explanations and also detailed, technical explanations... it makes me wonder why such a thing seems impossible to find, why hasn't somebody done this by now?
Don’t be so lazy, look it up.
"if you use energy to separate quarks, they will use this energy to make new quarks"
-Kurzgesagt
@NobodyNew agreed
"Up, Down,
Strange, Charm,
Top, Bottom,
if you don't know what a quark is it don't matter you've still got 'em."
On Canadian radio there was a show called “quirks and quarks” and I loved listening on road trips. Now I love scishow and science podcasts, and I think that show is the reason why!
Which podcasts do you listen to for science? I've been meaning to pick one up.
3:30 So a quark is kind of like my phone, it never seems to have a full charge.
Master Therion 👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌😂👌
Nope, your phone just has a few "quarks" that the programmers needed to work out.
And it can never be isolated from the rest of you.
No Celebrity yes daddy *hulk voice* MORE JOKE JOOOOOKE
Idk that’s kind of strange.
*QUARKS AND STUFF*
THE SUN IS A DEADLY LASER
CHINA IS WHOLE AGAIN... THEN IT BROKE AGAIN.
GHOSTS N STUFF
SOMETHINGS ALIVE IN THE OCEAN
Woah, I paused it. I think there’s a universe now!
mind blown!
Jesus Christ Didn't you ever ask your dad about this stuff? Tbf you are busy streaming so it's understandable I guess. 🙏
Seriously. Who is pretending to be us?
Ian Macfarlane first off that was from a hymn/song/pray and second that guy is not associated with Us.
Jesus Christ WTF is your channel lol
Jesus Christ, is my pet dog, Woofers, in heaven right now? 😭😭
You should have explained where Gell-Mann got the idea for the name! He read it in James Joyce's book Finnegans Wake, and Joyce in turn heard it when he was travelling through Germany from some ladies on a market; "Quark" is German for curd cheese. So basically, the whole universe is made up of a dairy product
Quark is named after the sound that a subatomic particle makes when it goes through a sheetrock wall.
“Spinors and stuuuuff” and “Aces and stuuuuff” just doesn’t have the same ring to it as *”quarks and stuuuuff”*
This show has been beyond instrumental in helping me develop my novel. Thank you Scishow, and keep being great
Scientist:That's it our universe has six total types of quark.
*SOME NEW UNIDENTIFIES QUARKS:"Im gonna end this man whole career."*
I'm glad this meme is dead
I have a Chemistry exam final tomorrow and I read on my book that protons and neutrons are made of quarks and I won't study quarks right now because it's hard to understand, so I decided to watch this and now I'm like I guess the book was telling the truth because I understood absolutely nothing and my brain will explode
Stefan Chin, I would like you to do a behind the scenes video on your work flow operations in the production of your videos. The quality is generally very good and the number you produce are amazing. Would like to “meet” all of the people in the credits.
What I love about this channel is although the thumbnail only said quarks, it is not boring for people who know loads about quarks. It’s like a one way discussion and they talk things without running down a list. Sci show is what I would call a gentleman and a scholar
Stefan: physicists strive for simple answers to complex phenomenon
M-theorists: hold my dimensions
Always something to learn. I was under the impression that quark was the sound the floor makes when I try to tip toe entering the house after a good night in the pub (bar for the US viewers) .
Having a background in the field scishow talks about is the best feeling
"... And that's the kind of simplicity physicists strive for. Ah, physics. It's so beautiful."
... And then you get to general relativity...
Well, GR is intuitive and logical, if you are a five-dimensional being...
GR is much simpler, you start with light having the same speed always and the whole thing builds up from that into a beautiful tensor madness
@@khhnator wouldn't you only get special relativity starting with that?
@@jetison333 Not really, it all follows from constant speed of light measured in vacuum & the equivalence principle. From just those two postulates (and a little help from Minkowski) Special Relativity tells us about the structure of spacetime, then GR extrapolates it out to find a geometric interpretation of gravity as just the way stuff moves within that structure. I find it rather amusing that most physicists still refer to gravity as a force despite our best theory of gravity for over a century saying it technically isn't one :D
GR is beautiful compared to the shitshow of quark theory.
We just took over the Cardassian space station, beamed aboard, and there it was: Quark’s!
If a quark is a quork, is a bark a bork? Dog wants to know.
Quarks has one of the most interesting naming system.
"...like a really flexible Trello board".
Thanks for reminding me to get back to work.
what's a trello board
helped me understand quarks better. 11/10. please do more like that.
"strangeness" vs "the eightfold path" quite the difference in naming abillity :D
Stefan should do more of these as the presenter. I think he's really good.
Hello and may I ask you a question? Particle accelerators smashing protons and electrons etc give us the standard model. However, could you explain in a video why this is so? If we crashed, say, cars together and examined their (much wrecked & destroyed) parts, how would we be able to extrapolate, from the wreckage, what the car parts were before the crash? Thanks!
Physics: making things simpler and then more complicated
Good introduction to Quarks.
Fine Structure Constant contains a Electric Quantum q=4C/3X=25e/3
q=(13U1d).
Alpha=(e/q)^2/2=(e/25e/3)^2/2
Alpha=(3/25)^2/2=9/1250=7.2k
Alpha=1/139
Planck's Constant
h =qM=4C/3X.Wb/2P=2CWb/3XP
M=Wb/2P is Magnetic Quantum.
The next atomic bomb is gonna split quarks instead of atoms and it's gonna be devastating lol
I don't actually know if this is possible but imagine the destruction though if we've come so far and still can't split them. If there's as much energy as he makes it sounds like it'd be crazy.
thankfully, it appears that quarks are elementary -- you can't split them, because there's nothing smaller to split them into.
Neither do I know if it's possible but I know it'll be called quarky bomb.
You are all amazing!! Thank you. I love this channel
wow there are so many particles that they don't teach you in school
wow, there are so few particles taught in school, and even that is too much for the absolute majority.
Do you want more stuff to be taught in school? Most don't. If there were democratic elections in schools on what to be taught, then science would be scrapped altogether.
They don't teach you about quarks in America? (I assume you're in america). Admittedly we weren't taught much about them, beyond the fact that they exist, they form Hadrons, which is the collection of all Mesons and Baryons, along with a load of examples of each, but even before we were formally taught them we had discussed them/the teacher had brought it up at some point while explaining something else, like when explaining beta decay. (tbf quarks are probably the most irrelevant part of the subject for school level, but I'd have thought they'd have been at least mentioned...)
May the Science be with You if anything science should be taught more in school.
hii 488 I'm in the US, and I remember talking (albeit briefly) about quarks in school.
Yeah I learnt all this in school, they gave us diagrams with curly lines from particle detectors and you had to be able to infer electrical charge and mass from the radius and velocity and use that to determine which particle it was but i assume in america physics is way dumbed down compared to here.
Now* THIS is a scishow episode!
Good job on the blur effect behind the word "quarks" Mr video editor guy. No sarcasm.
I always get hungry hearing someone talk about Quarks.
I'm trying so hard to catch up with things I regrettably ignored when I was younger...but SciShow is one of those ways. So thank you.
I had gone through a bunch of RUclips videos about quarks, but none of the enlightened my understanding of quarks until I found this video.
Thank you for this.
This one was kinda over my head but still real cool
Great video
03:00 I like the name "spinors" for quarks, because you MAY think of them like each of the 3 dimensional vectors [aligned with an unreal, invisible, non-relative, "absolute frame of reference"] that define the "spining" of a proton or neutron in space (with time as the "binding" in between).
-> This is why none of the 3 can exist independently [they are just "math numbers" in the Matrix].
you guys are squad goals lol.
This video remind's me of Hank's song, "Strange Charm ".
I already knew a lot about quarks because when I was 13 I memorized the song "strange charm" by hank green.
One part plutonic quarkksssss....
But wait, first let me say I love all of you and all of your families
....one part Cesiummmmm
When I worked in Los Alamos, NM, I had converstations with visiting physicists from other countries and places like the U. of Chicago that included two more pairs of quarks. Murray Gell-Mann [down the road at the Santa Fe Institute] had previously predicted them as well. I think George Zweig, too, way back at Cal Tech.
Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules:
When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. (More spatial curvature). What if gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks. (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are actually a part of the quarks. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Force" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" make sense based on this concept. Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity.
.
@@SpotterVideo Much appreciated that you took the time to discuss this intreguing concept / theory. It rings quite plausable to me, including an explanation for theoretical "Glue Balls" and the idea that gluons represent the major of mass [E = mc2] of nucleons. Thanks again!
@@higherresolution4490 I forgot to mention one thing within this model. Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut).
Thanks for your kind response.
Gettin quarky wit it!
That topic is strangely charming
Come to Quark's, Quark's is fun, come right now, don't walk run!
This is the Ferengi joke I scrolled down for.
It's *strange* how I find a certain *charm* in DS9. It's *ups* and *downs,* all *topsy* tervy then *bottoming* out. It's the *flavor* of the show that gets me.
I'll show myself out.
the more i learn about this the more i am apt to think the entire standard model is complete nonsense
(406) my area code when I use to live in Montana lol.
Where’d ya move to and why???
Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules:
When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. (More spatial curvature). What if gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks. (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are actually a part of the quarks. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Force" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" make sense based on this concept. Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity. If an electron has qualities of both a particle and a wave, it cannot be either one. It must be something else. Therefore, a "particle" is actually a structure which stores spatial curvature. Can an electron-positron pair (which are made up of opposite directions of twist) annihilate each other by unwinding into each other producing Gamma Ray photons.
Alpha decay occurs when the two protons and two neutrons (which are bound together by entangled tubes), become un-entangled from the rest of the nucleons.
Beta decay occurs when the tube of a down quark/gluon in a neutron becomes overtwisted and breaks producing a twisted torus (neutrino) and an up quark, and the ejected electron.
Gamma photons are produced when a tube unwinds producing electromagnetic waves.
Just got a brilliant and before the skillshare ad.
Excellent presentation!
Stefan repping that 406 shirt we see you #proud.
Quark is what a posh duck says.
I've been waiting for this for a long time
This was an awesome video congrats man
I like how at 3:30 he acts like everybody (including general public) was into all of this and was super enlightened and were like *ahh yes that is strange and unlike anything ive ever seen after all of these years ive been working at the gas station* 😂
*Hey .... THATS COOL.... !!! GREAT VIDEO AND NICE INFORMATION .... THANKS FOR THAT ...*
Cool that the energy to break apart quarks is the same to replace the old one. Spooky...
The bottom quark and the top quark which were originally called truth and beauty, but apparently that was just too much. Hahahahaha
So this is the reason for Hank Green's lyric: up, down, strange, charm, top, bottom, if you don't know what a quark is, it don't matter you still got 'em
Best naming in Physics ever.
you guys always explain stuff so simple.
Its a shame that my brain stops function when you talk about quantum mechanics
You're getting buff!
Up, Down, Strange, Charm, Top, Bottom, if you don't know what a quarck is: it don't matter, you still got 'em
Those are all the quarks we need... until we make more discoveries with more sensitive equipment!
Science is sooooooo fascinating!
I understand now why the Star Trek: Deep Space Nine main Ferengi character was named Quark. He's Strange, he's Charming, and according to some slash fiction out there, he's both Bottom and Top. It all makes so much sense now!
6:20 What do you mean? I watch EVERYTHING in x2 speed.
When you're not the only one who does that
Truth and beauty are cool names for quark
It's because you rock dear sir
quirky quark conundrums causing chaotic cognition
Good video!!!
This dude may have the strangest face I've ever seen. Perplexing
For engineers like myself, quarks and other theoretical physics stuff is like having a toy that you don't have the instructions for. You wanna do stuff with it, but can't figure out how yet.
As an ex-patron of the channel, I'd like to point out a few things. Videos published during the early days of SciShow are full of illustrations and animations, in varying degree of scientific accuracy. They are fun and arguably intuitive to watch. It is not hard to notice that there has been a shift from those videos to SciShow videos today: few illustrations, but plenty of texts. One can be forgiven to think that the team simply gave up on the intuitive approach and copy-pasted the script so they can publish as many videos as possible.
This particular video is an excellent example. It is not difficult to find illustrations, figures or animations for the physics of elementary particles. To give you an idea, the most popular (and extremely well-known) source for a historical overview of modern particle physics is Griffith Elementary Particle Physics Chapter 1, which contains more than 14 relevant figures and a dozen more tables. The non-photographic figures are so simple they could be reproduced in Paint. Yet, this video has only two photographic figures. Instead of slides and slides of text, they could've put in a figure of the actual eight-fold way (which will explain why the prediction was made in the first place), or a table of the standard model, or an illustration of quark confinement. They could've mentioned the term "November Revolution" when explaining the discovery of J/psi meson. They could've introduced the table of discovered mesons in the 60s. They could've simply reproduced some of the figures in Griffith. Despite all that, they didn't, and instead copied the script and turned the entire video into a podcast.
Seriously? SciShow can do better than this. We know they can because they did it very well all the way back in 2013(?). Now that this topic has been checked off from their list, I'm sincerely regretful knowing that an episode with great potential just turned into five minutes of script-reading for both Stephan and the audience.
No illustrations are better than inaccurate illustrations.
Well, one day a baby was born with super powers and now 80% of all humans have one.
The entire time I was watching this video I was just thinking of Bill Wurtz being like “Quarks n stuff”
I remember reading about quarks in Neil DeGrasse Tyson's book, _Astrophysics for People in a Hurry._ Apparently the physicist, Murray Gell-Mann, came up with the name for quarks from a line in James Joyce's _Finnegans Wake_ : "Three quarks for Muster Mark!"
This was in 1964, when it was originally thought that there were only three types of quarks.
Ground basics, all particles que into arcs forming the new shell layer to pile up to the pole. Physics is beautiful.. Fascinating. 😂
I'm reading The Phoenix Project, a great attempt to mix project management and entrainment
"Up down strange charm, top bottom,
If you don't know what a quark is;
It don't matter you still got 'em."
-Hank, Strange Charm
So, Murray Gell-Mann, the man with too much character repetitions in his name, is the Mendeleev of Particle Physics
I thank you for your pursuit of truth & education!
Good segue into the ad. I'm more likely to watch it if it has particular relevance to the topic of the video or the people making the video.
3:06 Up, down, strange charm, top bottom if you don't know what a quark is it don't matter you still got 'em :)
There is a 7th type of quark that you didn't mention. It's a type of curd cheese and you can easily discover it at the grocery store at least around here.