Mark, I strongly suggest that you have posters made of your etymology maps and sell them on your website with a link included in your videos. You have an opportunity to sell unique "merch" as a RUclipsr. A book of word maps would also be fun to look at and an interesting coffee table book. Lastly (and appropriately here) a calendar with monthly etymology themes. This stuff is fascinating but a lot to absorb, so a visual reference to keep and study would be nice. ☺
Thank you for the excellent suggestion -- we've tried a bit of merch along those lines in the past, but frankly haven't had the time to set it up properly or even explore all the options. We'd really like to have stuff like this available -- and you're right, as the topics/videos grow more complex, a 'hard copy' of all the connections becomes more desirable. We'll try to put it higher on our to-do list, but I'm not sure when we'll manage to get to it. Also love the calendar idea!
I know it's been two years, but we've got a poster of this available finally! And of many (though not all, yet) of our videos. You can look at what's available here: www.redbubble.com/shop/ap/97859517
This is so interesting!! :) Thankyou for making this video. It's always exciting to see/learn about how words are connected, especially ones that seem so different at first glance. Etymology is fascinating and fun, as is this channel
Another great video! I learn plenty of stuff, from broad spectrum of topics. As a person from Turkey, I first have chance to expand my English vocabulary knowledge; by understanding the correlation between words which don't look alike but somehow cognate. I can also compare the equivalent words from my language, even though that doesn't occur often. I still don't understand why this channel has this few views, you should be putting lots of effort to prepare them (evaluating video duration and complexity of material). I have a mere suggestion which can help me and other to follow the video easily: the words you say can be highlighted when told. Some parts look a bit cluttered, forcing me to pause the video to examine the schemes. Thanks for all your videos, they are a boon to etymology enthusiasts.
Junius Brutus - Julius Caesar - Augustus - September was about to be renamed Tiberius, but thankfully he declined. So now we only have the summer months named after Roman politicians...
It was a close thing! We hoped to have it out before Christmas, but it just took so much time to produce... and thanks, again, happy New Year to you! :)
Woof, what a ride! I love the idea suggested below of making and selling video wordmaps. It would be fun to retrace the enormous number of connections with a static reference .... guess the modern calendar runs too fast for me... but, seriously, again I really loved this.
In the book "The Elder Gods" by Stephen Polington, he describes the Anglo-Saxon god þunor as the champion and defender of the warrior and farmer, so perhaps he was also an agricultural deity. If that was the case I would imagine that they chose Saturnesdæg rather than having two days dedicared to Þunor, although they could have used the name Þūr, which may have been an Angian name for the thunder god. I'd be interested to see what you think because it quite possible that I may be completely off the mark.
A while since, I commented on one of your videos citing an early use of the word "blizzard" in Dodie Smith's "101 Dalmatians,(1956) , it having been noted as a recent import word from America . As much for your own collective fun as my own edification ,I anticipate your delving into this etymology, Cheers! ( Obligatory apologies for my Yorkshire isms )
As a side note here... The 30 day months of the year being the first two months of every season. Then thirty one to count the seasonal equinox or solstice ( third month of season) . This divides evenly. 30+30+31=91 days per season 182 days for the six month period and then it's exactly 364 days per year. To say we are unable to divide the circle correctly and evenly is simply untrue. It is possible when we adhere to the principles of 364 day years. And count the seasonal days as the four extra days outside the 360 degree circle. Don't do a 180 on me.... Lol
Old post but will answer: calorie comes from early 19th Cent. French by Nicolas Clément, who borrowed from Latin calor 'heat', so it effectively meant 'a unit of heat'. Which makes sense because calories are something that you burn; it's a unit of energy.
2:55 - It's interesting that the short/slang for menstruation ("mensies") is closer to the root of the word than the word itself. 3:55 - Tracking time is an essential task but it's also extremely difficult and arbitrary. I wonder how aliens do it. 4:23 - Since it's 365.24 not 365.25, you need rules like no leap-day on 100's, but yes on 400's to narrow in on the real value. 4:32 - It's logical but still amusing that our current calendar has such a varied and storied history from so many cultures. 7:34 - And many a child whose birthdays were skipped were incensed. 7:50 - It's odd to think that some places skipped almost two weeks relatively recently. Imagine trying to do that today; it would make handling the Y2K bug look like an ordinary Patch-Tuesday update.
On your second point: It's indeed very interesting, I don't know if living beings in other solar systems would have the need to track time. I wonder since when we humans do it. Is it since we settled down and started to grow our own crops? We had to know how much time had passed so that it's easier to know when the next crop would be ready. But before that, I don't really know.
Menses is not slang, it's a straight lexical borrowing(loanword): menses (n.) - "monthly discharge of blood from the uterus," 1590s, from Latin menses, plural of mensis "month" -Online Etymology Dictionary
Why should we in Africa even use and be ruled by calendar dedicated to unknown Gods and feasts... and our seasons are not even aligned. Just a thought...
I Don't Know, It Does Make More Sense To Have Winter Entirely At The End Of The Year Rather Than Split In Half, And That Way September Through December Wouils Be Named Properly.
From en.wiktionary.org/wiki/first : Etymology 1 From Middle English first, furst, ferst, fyrst, from Old English fyrst, fyrest (“first, foremost, principal, chief, original”), from Proto-Germanic *furistaz (“foremost, first”), superlative of Proto-Germanic *fur, *fura, *furi (“before”), from Proto-Indo-European *per-, *pero- (“forward, beyond, around”), equivalent to fore + -est. Cognate with North Frisian foarste (“first”), Dutch voorste (“foremost, first”), German Fürst (“chief, prince”, literally “first (born)”), Swedish första (“first”), Norwegian Nynorsk fyrst (“first”), Icelandic fyrstur (“first”).
New decade? Surely you of all people should know that, because there is no year zero, the new decade starts in 2021? 1st decade BC: 10-1 1st decade AD: 1-10 2nd decade AD: 11-20 And so on.
As the video makes clear, I think, the calendar is a human construction, not a numerical absolute, with an arbitrary beginning. We think of decades as running 0-10, so that’s the meaningful division of time. In my opinion. :)
rate eightx Years 1-10, exclusive. When you simply subtracted 1 from 10, that assumes that year 1 has already elapsed (i.e. it calculates the difference between Dec. 31, 1, and Dec. 31, 10), which is why you got nine years. I’m talking about years 1-10, inclusive, which would be from the very beginning of year 1 to the very end of year 10, which is ten years-a full decade. I hope that clears up my meaning.
I'm sorry if i'm a year late to this but yeah. Alliterative Is right here because since calendars are just human constructions this question just doesn't matter. And about the no year 0 thing yes there is no year 0 in AD. But listen to what I just said here. In AD. This is due to the fact that when the AD system was made and was in the process of replacing other dating systems used back in the middle ages, they didn't have a 0 to work with back then so they didn't include it in. But now since we do have a 0 to work with we can use something called astronomical year numbering (or just AYN for short). To simplify the astronomical year numbering system is a modification of the Anno Domini system of numbering years where it closely follows the decimal integers of our current math and counting system. This results in a year 0 being used and the years being labeled as + or - instead of AD or BC in the Anno Domini system (or CE and BCE if you're using the common era system which is just the AD system but being named into something else). How this works is that you add a year 0 before the year which is called the year +1 in this (it's the same as AD 1). Then with the added in year 0 you rename every single year before that year by subtracting one number from the year since year 0 in this corresponds to the year 1 BC in AD (that means the year 2 BC in AD is actually the year -1 in AYN). It won't matter anyways since no one even recorded living in a BC year back then and just used something else to count their years instead and that all dates in this time were retroactively added into the calendar when the AD system was made during the middle ages. Anyways to continue this until the time before recorded history and since it's at the point where we can't really record dates anymore it's better to ditch this system and use something else instead like BP (or before present) or the human era (or HE). All years in AD are kept the same however so there will be no trouble when recording recent events. The only difference is that it uses a + symbol instead of labeling it as AD. So the year AD 2021 in AD is actually the year +2021 in AYN. And that's it. That's how the AYN system works. This is the system I use and since it's only a modification of the AD system I would rather use this one more than the AD system if I need to except when I'm learing history of course. But that's what it just is a modification of the AD system. So it shouldn't really count as the AD system and instead look at it like it's own thing and not as a replacement of it. For more information about the astronomical year numbering system I recommend checking these three links that I sent out. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_year_numbering / eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhelp/dates.html / world.clndr.org/calendars/astronomical-year-numbering/
I’m not sure if there’s something wrong, but it also might be that sometimes our animation software doesn’t run smoothly when it’s got lots and lots of words in the animation. So that might be the inconsistency you’re seeing. Sorry about that.
All the myriads of variants of "to shine" devalues the whole concept of * PIE as a monolithic *proto-language. It makes the whole concept look like a speculations of an amateur 19th century linguist and not a solid scientific theory(which I wholeheartedly support). It's an umbrella term akin to archeolgists tendecy to name every object of unknown purpose in a burial as an "object of ritualistic or religious significance". It's hallmarks of lazy and cheap scientific practices.
Mark, I strongly suggest that you have posters made of your etymology maps and sell them on your website with a link included in your videos. You have an opportunity to sell unique "merch" as a RUclipsr. A book of word maps would also be fun to look at and an interesting coffee table book. Lastly (and appropriately here) a calendar with monthly etymology themes. This stuff is fascinating but a lot to absorb, so a visual reference to keep and study would be nice. ☺
Thank you for the excellent suggestion -- we've tried a bit of merch along those lines in the past, but frankly haven't had the time to set it up properly or even explore all the options. We'd really like to have stuff like this available -- and you're right, as the topics/videos grow more complex, a 'hard copy' of all the connections becomes more desirable. We'll try to put it higher on our to-do list, but I'm not sure when we'll manage to get to it. Also love the calendar idea!
I'd buy those
I know it's been two years, but we've got a poster of this available finally! And of many (though not all, yet) of our videos. You can look at what's available here: www.redbubble.com/shop/ap/97859517
@@Alliterative I'll buy those too! I love the poster idea for reference!
@@Alliterative yay!!!!
Yet again a topic I didn't know I wanted to learn about!
incredible video as always! Happy new year everyone!
Happy new year! Thank you!
Excellent presentation this covers so many topics :)
This is so interesting!! :) Thankyou for making this video. It's always exciting to see/learn about how words are connected, especially ones that seem so different at first glance. Etymology is fascinating and fun, as is this channel
Thank you!
Another great video! I learn plenty of stuff, from broad spectrum of topics. As a person from Turkey, I first have chance to expand my English vocabulary knowledge; by understanding the correlation between words which don't look alike but somehow cognate. I can also compare the equivalent words from my language, even though that doesn't occur often. I still don't understand why this channel has this few views, you should be putting lots of effort to prepare them (evaluating video duration and complexity of material). I have a mere suggestion which can help me and other to follow the video easily: the words you say can be highlighted when told. Some parts look a bit cluttered, forcing me to pause the video to examine the schemes. Thanks for all your videos, they are a boon to etymology enthusiasts.
Thank you! I’m glad you enjoy the videos. That’s an interesting suggestion, to highlight the words; we’ll have to think about how/if we can do that.
I always look forward to your videos so much
Thank you! And thank you for watching!
Junius Brutus - Julius Caesar - Augustus - September was about to be renamed Tiberius, but thankfully he declined. So now we only have the summer months named after Roman politicians...
Another great video. Thanks and Happy New Year.
Fascinating! :) From the podcast I started to think you were going to postpone this video to next year. Best wishes for 12020 again!
It was a close thing! We hoped to have it out before Christmas, but it just took so much time to produce... and thanks, again, happy New Year to you! :)
Woof, what a ride! I love the idea suggested below of making and selling video wordmaps. It would be fun to retrace the enormous number of connections with a static reference .... guess the modern calendar runs too fast for me... but, seriously, again I really loved this.
I call out that I clearly understand the classical and ecclesiastical calendars.
10:38 this is why I love this channel
amazing video so much information. Great work!!
In the book "The Elder Gods" by Stephen Polington, he describes the Anglo-Saxon god þunor as the champion and defender of the warrior and farmer, so perhaps he was also an agricultural deity. If that was the case I would imagine that they chose Saturnesdæg rather than having two days dedicared to Þunor, although they could have used the name Þūr, which may have been an Angian name for the thunder god. I'd be interested to see what you think because it quite possible that I may be completely off the mark.
Happy New year 2020. Or 2012 if your country is on the Julian calendar.
this is brilliant
Suggestion: how about a video on weather words . Cheers!
Good idea! We’ll put it on the list. Thanks!
A while since, I commented on one of your videos citing an early use of the word "blizzard" in Dodie Smith's "101 Dalmatians,(1956) , it having been noted as a recent import word from America . As much for your own collective fun as my own edification ,I anticipate your delving into this etymology, Cheers! ( Obligatory apologies for my Yorkshire isms )
As a side note here... The 30 day months of the year being the first two months of every season. Then thirty one to count the seasonal equinox or solstice ( third month of season) . This divides evenly. 30+30+31=91 days per season 182 days for the six month period and then it's exactly 364 days per year.
To say we are unable to divide the circle correctly and evenly is simply untrue. It is possible when we adhere to the principles of 364 day years. And count the seasonal days as the four extra days outside the 360 degree circle. Don't do a 180 on me.... Lol
When did the word calorie become to mean a unit of measurement of energy and why?
Old post but will answer:
calorie comes from early 19th Cent. French by Nicolas Clément, who borrowed from Latin calor 'heat', so it effectively meant 'a unit of heat'.
Which makes sense because calories are something that you burn; it's a unit of energy.
@@tylere.8436 The question was when not where did it come from.
18:30 In my low German dialect, which is more closely related to Dutch than to high German, Easter is called Pooschen. Compare Dutch: Pasen, paas-
Like peshach, passover...
@@melissafarrugia9531 Thanks. What language is peshach? Hebrew?
2:55 - It's interesting that the short/slang for menstruation ("mensies") is closer to the root of the word than the word itself.
3:55 - Tracking time is an essential task but it's also extremely difficult and arbitrary. I wonder how aliens do it.
4:23 - Since it's 365.24 not 365.25, you need rules like no leap-day on 100's, but yes on 400's to narrow in on the real value.
4:32 - It's logical but still amusing that our current calendar has such a varied and storied history from so many cultures.
7:34 - And many a child whose birthdays were skipped were incensed.
7:50 - It's odd to think that some places skipped almost two weeks relatively recently. Imagine trying to do that today; it would make handling the Y2K bug look like an ordinary Patch-Tuesday update.
On your second point: It's indeed very interesting, I don't know if living beings in other solar systems would have the need to track time. I wonder since when we humans do it. Is it since we settled down and started to grow our own crops? We had to know how much time had passed so that it's easier to know when the next crop would be ready. But before that, I don't really know.
Menses is not slang, it's a straight lexical borrowing(loanword):
menses (n.) - "monthly discharge of blood from the uterus," 1590s, from Latin menses, plural of mensis "month"
-Online Etymology Dictionary
You could have told us about your advent calendar a bit sooner ;)
But a great video as always :)
The video was kinda supposed to be finished sooner... ;)
Yu'le love it 🤣
French Revolutionary Calendar side note? Please make it happen, Mark...
Howinhell can you live in a civilization with a seven day work week and not know the sun and moon are planets?
As the Hebrew tribes were just branch of the Canaanites, wasn't there an earlier calendar from them?
Perhaps, but we have no (or very little) writing to document any such calendar.
Why should we in Africa even use and be ruled by calendar dedicated to unknown Gods and feasts... and our seasons are not even aligned. Just a thought...
Why didn't they put January and February after December
They did. 😉
@@1stAmbientGrl i ment keeping the 1st of the year in march ending the year in February
@@FrankAnzalone They did do it that way for a long time afaik, before switching to what we have now
@@FrankAnzalone I know. I was teasing, hence the winky-face. ☺
I Don't Know, It Does Make More Sense To Have Winter Entirely At The End Of The Year Rather Than Split In Half, And That Way September Through December Wouils Be Named Properly.
What's the history of the word 'first'?
From en.wiktionary.org/wiki/first :
Etymology 1
From Middle English first, furst, ferst, fyrst, from Old English fyrst, fyrest (“first, foremost, principal, chief, original”), from Proto-Germanic *furistaz (“foremost, first”), superlative of Proto-Germanic *fur, *fura, *furi (“before”), from Proto-Indo-European *per-, *pero- (“forward, beyond, around”), equivalent to fore + -est. Cognate with North Frisian foarste (“first”), Dutch voorste (“foremost, first”), German Fürst (“chief, prince”, literally “first (born)”), Swedish första (“first”), Norwegian Nynorsk fyrst (“first”), Icelandic fyrstur (“first”).
New decade? Surely you of all people should know that, because there is no year zero, the new decade starts in 2021?
1st decade BC: 10-1
1st decade AD: 1-10
2nd decade AD: 11-20
And so on.
As the video makes clear, I think, the calendar is a human construction, not a numerical absolute, with an arbitrary beginning. We think of decades as running 0-10, so that’s the meaningful division of time. In my opinion. :)
The First Decade Couldn't Be 1-10 As That's Only 9 Years!
rate eightx Check your math. I used all ten fingers as I counted. :-)
rate eightx Years 1-10, exclusive.
When you simply subtracted 1 from 10, that assumes that year 1 has already elapsed (i.e. it calculates the difference between Dec. 31, 1, and Dec. 31, 10), which is why you got nine years.
I’m talking about years 1-10, inclusive, which would be from the very beginning of year 1 to the very end of year 10, which is ten years-a full decade.
I hope that clears up my meaning.
I'm sorry if i'm a year late to this but yeah. Alliterative Is right here because since calendars are just human constructions this question just doesn't matter. And about the no year 0 thing yes there is no year 0 in AD. But listen to what I just said here. In AD. This is due to the fact that when the AD system was made and was in the process of replacing other dating systems used back in the middle ages, they didn't have a 0 to work with back then so they didn't include it in. But now since we do have a 0 to work with we can use something called astronomical year numbering (or just AYN for short).
To simplify the astronomical year numbering system is a modification of the Anno Domini system of numbering years where it closely follows the decimal integers of our current math and counting system. This results in a year 0 being used and the years being labeled as + or - instead of AD or BC in the Anno Domini system (or CE and BCE if you're using the common era system which is just the AD system but being named into something else). How this works is that you add a year 0 before the year which is called the year +1 in this (it's the same as AD 1).
Then with the added in year 0 you rename every single year before that year by subtracting one number from the year since year 0 in this corresponds to the year 1 BC in AD (that means the year 2 BC in AD is actually the year -1 in AYN). It won't matter anyways since no one even recorded living in a BC year back then and just used something else to count their years instead and that all dates in this time were retroactively added into the calendar when the AD system was made during the middle ages. Anyways to continue this until the time before recorded history and since it's at the point where we can't really record dates anymore it's better to ditch this system and use something else instead like BP (or before present) or the human era (or HE). All years in AD are kept the same however so there will be no trouble when recording recent events.
The only difference is that it uses a + symbol instead of labeling it as AD. So the year AD 2021 in AD is actually the year +2021 in AYN. And that's it. That's how the AYN system works. This is the system I use and since it's only a modification of the AD system I would rather use this one more than the AD system if I need to except when I'm learing history of course. But that's what it just is a modification of the AD system. So it shouldn't really count as the AD system and instead look at it like it's own thing and not as a replacement of it. For more information about the astronomical year numbering system I recommend checking these three links that I sent out. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_year_numbering / eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhelp/dates.html / world.clndr.org/calendars/astronomical-year-numbering/
Yeah, I wish these topics were broken down into 10 minute chunks...
The framerate on this vid is inconsistent. Not to complain or anything, It just made me wonder if something was wrong on my end.
I’m not sure if there’s something wrong, but it also might be that sometimes our animation software doesn’t run smoothly when it’s got lots and lots of words in the animation. So that might be the inconsistency you’re seeing. Sorry about that.
Makes sense. This was a pretty big diagram to work with this ep.
Isn’t Eostre = Ishtar?
The short answer is no; that was a 19th century invention/guess. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%92ostre?wprov=sfti1
🤯
The Babylonian pagan Roman calendar aka image of the beast
Don’t forget to give Black people their credit! Y’all like to skip over who actually did what.
All the myriads of variants of "to shine" devalues the whole concept of * PIE as a monolithic *proto-language. It makes the whole concept look like a speculations of an amateur 19th century linguist and not a solid scientific theory(which I wholeheartedly support). It's an umbrella term akin to archeolgists tendecy to name every object of unknown purpose in a burial as an "object of ritualistic or religious significance". It's hallmarks of lazy and cheap scientific practices.
French Revolutionary Calendar side note? Please make it happen, Mark...