New in Solar energy: solar electricity day & night, 5 types of storages that are cheaper than Li-ion
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- Опубликовано: 3 июл 2024
- 0:00 About solar thermal energy which is 5…10 times cheaper than coal or natural gas
0:49 How solar thermal energy turns into electricity day and night
1:45 Heat storages on the basis of molten salt, and what is wrong with them
3:20 Concrete heat storages (Concrete instead of the molten salt)
4:49 Heat storages with gravel (or crushed stone)
7:28 Ceramics, stone casting, etc.
8:28 Sand-based heat storages
10:50 Cheaper materials
These mirrors focus solar radiation and convert it into steam, and I am experimentally testing these 5 types of solar heaters and I want to start testing some more new types. My goal is to find the best type which can convert solar radiation into thermal energy at this cost, 0.5 cent / kWh, and it is about 5 times cheaper than the cost of heat from coal, and about 10 times cheaper than heat from natural gas. This cheapness of our solar heat allows a turbine to produce electricity so cheap that it wins competition against thermal and nuclear power plants.
In other words, our solar heaters should be used instead of these mirror structures, which are approximately 10 times more expensive than our cheap heaters. These mirror structures are the basis of more than 100 of solar power plants with a total cost of about $ 40,000,000,000, and now I will quickly remind you how these mirrors turn solar radiation into electricity. When the sun appears, its radiation heats thermal oil inside these tubes to temperatures of almost 400 ºC. This hot oil moves to the center of the solar plant, where a proportion of its thermal energy produces steam for a turbine that generates electricity. The rest of the thermal energy of the oil comes to such heat storages, where the energy heats several tens of thousand tons of molten salt. A few hours later, in the evening or at night, this hot molten salt will produce steam for the same turbine.
Let's turn our attention to similar heat storages, and they are filled with this salt, which is liquid at a temperature of more than 220 ºC. Usually, a heat storage consists of 2 tanks for liquid salt, and this tank stores hot salt, and the 2nd tank holds cold liquid salt. The movement of the liquid salt between the tanks takes place through heat exchangers, where the salt transfers its thermal energy to generate steam for a turbine, or the liquid salt takes thermal energy from the oil which is heated by those solar heaters.
About 100 of these pairs of molten salt tanks have already been built at solar power plants of various types in various countries. But unfortunately, molten salt is very expensive, and this formula tells us that these molten salt storage parameters noticeably increase this cost of our electricity, despite the fact that here we use very cheap thermal energy from our new solar heaters. That is why now my video will describe other types of thermal storages which will allow us to produce very cheap solar electricity, both day and night.
Usually opponents of molten salt tell us about this solar power plant where accidents and shortcomings of this molten salt heat storage were the beginning of a financial disaster for $ 1,000,000,000 investment. So, let's look at other types of heat storages which are dozens of times cheaper and safer than molten salt.
This heat storage consists of a large number of long cylinders of concrete around pipes. It is obvious that if hot thermal oil circulates through those pipes, it transfers its thermal energy to the concrete which, as a result, is heated to high temperatures, up to 400 ºC. We can take this thermal energy from the concrete also through the circulation of thermal oil through the same pipes.
This was an example from a Norwegian company of this name which started building concrete heat storages a few years ago, and recently it received a big investment, but now I am starting to show other examples. This is a German heat storage from a large mass of concrete with a large number of pipes for the circulation of thermal oil.
Now I am showing another example from one of the American companies, and their heat storage consists of concrete parallelepipeds with pipes.
Similar examples may be of interest to us if they correspond to this formula, especially to this total construction cost which should be on the order of several hundred dollars per ton of concrete. We see that a concrete heat storage drastically reduces this cost of our solar electricity by reducing this value compared to the previous formula for heat storages with molten salt, although this efficiency has become worse. 
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For years Sergiy has been on the right track already. I think solar heat storage is the only way to go have renewable electricity in winter and other non-solar moments. I really don't understand why there is so much emphasis on home battery storage of solar electricity. One of the main characteristics of electricity is that this form of energy is that it is not stored easily. Plus the production of batteries drains earths resources and it's production is a burden on environment. The waste of died batteries is even worse. But the worst is that a huge amount of batteries can not even hold enough electricity to store the needs of 2 non solar days. The sun provides more than enough energy for our demands. But it is our responsibility to store and process it wisely. Sergiy is trying to tell this over and over with his great videos! Thanks!
yes, well where is that small steam electric generator?
The problem is surely industry. Batteries involve technology that can be patented to siphon profits to fewer hands. The only benefit of batteries is that the released energy can be more easily transformed into other forms.
Есть еще водород
It's all about the money, always has been.
@@jeleacostin1622 ⚠️ God has said in the Quran:
🔵 { O mankind, worship your Lord, who created you and those before you, that you may become righteous - ( 2:21 )
🔴 [He] who made for you the earth a bed [spread out] and the sky a ceiling and sent down from the sky, rain and brought forth thereby fruits as provision for you. So do not attribute to Allah equals while you know [that there is nothing similar to Him]. ( 2:22 )
🔵 And if you are in doubt about what We have sent down upon Our Servant [Muhammad], then produce a surah the like thereof and call upon your witnesses other than Allah, if you should be truthful. ( 2:23 )
🔴 But if you do not - and you will never be able to - then fear the Fire, whose fuel is men and stones, prepared for the disbelievers.( 2:24 )
🔵 And give good tidings to those who believe and do righteous deeds that they will have gardens [in Paradise] beneath which rivers flow. Whenever they are provided with a provision of fruit therefrom, they will say, "This is what we were provided with before." And it is given to them in likeness. And they will have therein purified spouses, and they will abide therein eternally. ( 2:25 )
⚠️ Quran
Your large heat storage options at the end remind me of geothermal. It's basically a rechargeable geothermal battery.
Man, this is so interesting and it's amazing to see so many people ingeniously experimenting around this simple concept 🙂
Your cost calculations are bar to none. Thank you for your videos.
Good to see you are alive I love your videos
Thank you for rising awareness.
Clean energy only!
Great video Sergiy, I've shared this with a few friends 👍
After watching a couple of your videos I have liked & subscribed. I really appreciate the hands on diy creators who actually build systems after learning all they can from every useful source. Your work is inspiring!
I'm working on developing a sustainable homesteading system that would utilize several sources of renewable energy to power everything from seasonal heating/cooling to greenhouse control. Seeing videos like the ones you are making is very helpful during my research phase.
I'm a big fan of open source, so all of my work will eventually be published for free on the internet for anyone to use. Humanity needs affordable energy, food, shelter, water purification, etc. NOW, and diy solutions are the most affordable. Proprietary commercial systems have a small global impact because they are so expensive that only rich countries & investors can afford them.
So, I especially love that you are very focused on cost. Hope to see more great work from you in the future.
Excelente
Do continue to educate and enlighten all of us that can one day use this ...
Keep it up Guys, thank you all for your inventions.
VERY good video with workable news.
Sergiy, I've watched most of your videos over the years. I appreciate and respect your work. Thank you for posting these videos.
(As a side note, I am an ESL instructor, and try to help ESLs when I can. Please note: "cheaper than" instead of "chipper then.")
L
If you’re an ESL instructor, then certainly you can detect the MANY red flags of pure laziness or lack of concern in his voice patterns.. indicating that not only does he not care to make his voice more understandable, but in fact he may actually be MAKING IT WORSE ON PURPOSE...
Either way, he ruins the potential of his own videos with this MUSH MOUTH narration.. It’s the primary reason for the TINY amount of comments versus views as well..
FLOJO, I disagree with your harsh view. Sergiy, like many educated Ukrainians, is likely to speak 3 languages (Ukrainian, Russian, and English). This would make English his THIRD language. How many languages do you speak?
Keep up the great work!
Great video, thanks! Very interested to see what thermal energy storage ideas you end up pursuing.
Excellent solar project.
Brilliant. Literally.
I would like to see a generating system to work for one residence, and a diy approach to building it yourself!
This was helpful. Thank you.
Thanks for video very interesting I hope can build one of them one day. Keep us updated and maybe we can produce this in big scale for more people who are sick paying these greedy utility companies. Thanks again.
Awesome video ty
Really good presentation and it made my mind race, thanks
Very interesting Sergiy , subscribed!
great video ... I hope you are in good health despite the war
Amazing...
Very Nicely explain this different types of Solar energy producing all over world.
Thank you :)
thank you sergei - очень точно
Great video Good job Good Sir.
Great job on this video! Bubbling the hot air through sand is really interesting for concentrated solar heat storage as usually it would be more efficient than pumping a liquid or moving a solid... On the other output/generation end what practical alternatives have you seen to turbines?
Great video
This video enlighten us. That are cheaper than li-ion
Nice
Можно совместить накопление тепла с каким-нибудь теплоёмким производством. Например, нагревать глину и изготавливать кирпичи, а остывшие кирпичи отправлять на продажу.
I wondered if storing energy in gravel could be better if the heat transfer medium were some sort of liquid, pumps are easier to maintain and control fluid. problem is it could go back to the issue with molten salt.
Parabéns Sergy, brasileiro acompanhando de perto seus experimentos que são os mais bem explicados que tem no RUclips, aguardando o projeto pronto para geração de energia eficiente e barata de uma forma que todos que tem uma classe econômica mais baixa conseguirem adquirir
I want to build several small units and one large starting in spring. I've got a good amount of materials now. The 3 small ones are for a nice multipurpose shed, an above ground pool, and a greenhouse. The large unit will be for an air furnace and a mass storage bench in the basement both heating the house. They all jeed to operate without power.
I'm wondering what oil we would need for the heat transfer fluid.
I think I will implement a sunken thermal battery in the backyard. A buried 1000 litter tote filled with water, maybe some propylene glycol mixed in, surrounded by sand and capped with insulation and dirt. Be neat to see how the ground behaves in our deadly pararie winters! -40° sucks in any language !!!!
Great content! New subscriber
Good
Good.
Super
It's not fracking that has caused earth quake problems in Oklahoma. It's injection wells. Brine water from oil and gas wells is what is being disposed of into the deep wells. So there is the source of cheap salt after it's cleaned up enough for use.
keep up goodwork bro
Sửa dụng năng lượng mặt trời một cách triệt để xin cảm ơn đã chia sẻ với khán giả
i'm Usman Kedir Geda Assistant Researcher of Renewable Energy Engineering and know MSC Student at Jimma University, Jimma Institute of Technology school of Mechanical Engineering Dept of Sustainable Energy Engineering
Hello ladies and gentle man who organized this energy agenda
committee
The heat medium is not the major cost. It's the construction and maintenance of pipes and heat exchangers and tanks. It. For gas boiler it's very cheap to make a boiler. . We need to turn heat into a fuel to be consumed later. . 25 c Liquid tank is much cheaper than 800c hot sand tank
Rất tuyệt vời !
Interesting ! Happy to Subscribe . I am not an engineer so please explain why most of the storage examples shown were above ground ? Surely below ground level would be both structurally stronger and easier to insulate ?
If you collect the condensate, you can direct under the shade of the mirror and have a nice little flower garden in the desert.
I like it hope that it will much more improve there's always a secret
10:33 my idea is to use also An AC in this case the hot air get Blow in Sand or stones. But I think it would be more interesting for just heating
The collection of thermal energy to produce steam to turn the turbines using focus mirrors is a fun way to do it however it is weather dependent. It requires the sun.
Thanks for your input it's quite interesting. In my neighborhood they built a on family home, below the subconcret-floor about 6meters below level they made the heat input, the output heatexchanger is between 4-3 meter below level. The input by vaccumesolartubes in summer it charges, during the winter it discharges. Disadvantage is the basement is warmer than 18celsius.
18C is a problem? I could get a lot of work done if I had 18C in the basement!
How is the humidity then? choosel ove
Thanks
Photovoltaic solar seems cheaper. The main benefit of this seems to be the energy storage overnight whereas solar would need battery banks etc.
If you have a insulated full of linseed oil , have tubing in it hooked to parabolic dish it can heat it up to 800 degrees with a water line through the tang , it will make steam which will run a steam engine , you can use a smog pump which will run a car alternator . A man made one out of a long parabolic dish . My idea is a large satellite dish covered with mirrors that tracks the sun
Great stuff. How about using mirror or fresnel lens to heat SAND with copper pipes INSIDE sand and you will have more constant heat HOLDing the energy into the pipes to heat the water, or air or oil or or or!!!!!!!
I have experimented in 1989 to store solar heat And still in the field of energy
I would like to see recycled glass powder for heat storage.
That looks like something I cook my hot dogs with
I've always thought the best way to use solar energy is to have your own solar plant in your backyard where you can use it to store it in batteries send it back into the grid and if you have a bad day and you're not getting any sun you can still use the grid or any other backup plan you have even if you find an area that stays Sunny 90% of the year now transmit that power to people in dark places not really economical build your own solar generator in your backyard for your own use perfect
Keren, semoga bisa cepat diaplikasikan.
i want to know more about how to construct this types of energy storage, especially for home use.
Thanks again, I have a question, if you said that Using the oil is the best, and cheapest material to use, then please let me know, if is necessary to change the oil after several times or not?
There are solar farms that use trough mirrors to heat compressed air in pipes to drive a gas turbine. No water to deal with. No freezing or running out of water or other water issues. From 20°C to 700°C, air expands over three times. That is an increase in pressure of about 28 psi for a fixed volume. Over a 10 inch diameter piston, that is over 2000 lbs of force which gives some idea of how much air it might push through a pipe in a short amount of time. The exact figures are not easy to find. The Carnot formula for efficiency give some idea of the possible power output for a given solar power input. At 700°C for the "furnace " temperature, greater than 30% efficiency might be achieved. One way to test it is to use a small car turbocharger as the turbine. Just connect the solar collector output to the exhaust input port of the turbocharger and connect the output from the turbocharger compressor to the input end of the solar collector pipes. At some combination of components, the system might achieve good efficiency. Some turbochargers have combination starter motors and generators for high performance vehicles. Just hook a solar panel up to it so that the starter motor starts up whenever the sun is out.
It is kind of appalling that I find so little activity in this direction amidst an historic pursuit of solar energy technology.
There are solar farms that use this approach. They store the energy as heat and recover electricity from it at a later time with a gas turbine.
But the steam approach is am interesting possibility. Adding a fine mist of water to a high pressure stream of heated air might greatly increase the vokume and pressure and velocity of the air . In a gas turbine, the exhaust end is substantially larger than the compressed air inlet which gives the heated gas some idea i of which direction it will tebmnd to expand. The high pressure at the compressor end of the turbine also gives some kind of direction to the system. A piston engine might try to run backwards if it were not for the flywheel and the engine being started in a certain direction. Early jet engines used a centrifugal air compressor as does the turbocharger.
Very good !
can we use sand instead salt ?
thnank you
Any heat storage using concrete should be avoided in my opinion… it takes too much energy and creates too much CO2 to make it. Anything that uses sand and crushed stones should be great. Furthermore, if any pipe should leak it‘s impossible to fix if encased in concrete. With sand and stones it‘s also very hard to fix, but at least somehow possible.
It is kinda hard to replace concrete for foundations and certain other large structures, but I generally agree that it should only be used when necessary for exactly those reasons.
More research has to be done to make it easily affordable and easily operated. Technology.
Storage of solar energy to be used as and when desired like switch on the light by pressing a button similar to using batteries will be the necessity for one grid one sun one world solar project.
Even a Stirling engine with mirrors would be bypass using expensive photovoltaics.
Hi, I love your work. Good job. I have multiple patents and love these experiments.
Can you try and see what happens when you use a carbon/nickel/ethanol thermoelectric couple. I was reading that the cheapest and best is actually graphite nanosheet material.
I can’t post links bc it’s not allowed but perhaps look into a thermoelectric setup.
To store the energy you can have a recirculating water pump, pump water to a high elevation and use a small tiny hydroelectric gravity setup at night.
I also like nifi Edison batteries but they are kind of pricey.
Cheers good sir
The other thing that you can do by the solar would be convert saltwater into drinking water using the sun to boil the water in to skiing put it into a worm to like making moonshine basically having to steam turn back into clean drinking water
There was something like this supposed to be as part of global village construction kit.
Is there any video about small scale solar thermal power?
What are you?swedish bot? I loved your video
Dig hole big and deep enough boil water there. We live on a biggest hot battery ever. There is no extreme technology. I love Your video.
How do you "aim" the sunlight? Is it possible to keep moving sunlight fixed on a constant target?
Very interesting… Now how do we use this information for our houses? 🤔🤔🤔
All that expensive mirror stuff is crazy it's where you put the thing make them out of anything metal and put them in death valley and you're going to blow some power if it's solar and it gets hot it'll work
The only engine suited for use with solar thermal heat to generate power is probably the SunPulse 500 but it costs more then equivalent solar panels.
Air is a poor transfer medium for heat. I'm surprised it was used in several examples shown here.
You are incorrect on your .5 cents/kWh estimate.
That reflector will not stand up for 25 years through high winds, sand blasts, UV rays, oxidative breakdown, etc.
Mylar will break down in 3 months in the open.
The thermal storage ideas are great in my opinion.
Bravissimi, sarebbe da esempio per l'enel energia e l'Acea ato elettricità. A Roma costa un botto la corrente elettrica alla faccia della scienza e della tecnologia elettronica.
Have you thought of using a curved Fresnel Lens instead of a mirror? Also do you have any plans for a small (6 - 10kW) steam turbine?
Here’s what you may be looking for:
ruclips.net/video/2pGxVvSizoE/видео.html
I wonder if the idea of drilling down toward the magma deep in the earth to produce and sustain the needed heat to supply many turbines and the electricity then trans mitted on a refurbished and protected grid .
have you tried to generate superheated steam with your solar structure? if it is to efficiently turn a steam engine/motor you need superheated steam it's around 350c.
Do you have test it with Sand, Salt and Metall powder?
3:50 how about using waste concrete from constructions which would end up in a landfill here it can get a second live and can be purchase nearly for free
Dear Sergiy, I read in a paper that using old TV screen solar energy could convert into heat up to 800 C. I do not know how.
Serhiy have you utilized a Onipko rotor as a wind turbine the inventor says it can harness wind energy as low as 2.5 meters per second which covers most of Ukraine. It's a good invention but no commercial prototypes being built a Austrian company is interested but as I say very quiet look up Onipko rotor designs .
I suggest some basic engneering classes. You cannot discuss energy in just terms of temperature. You must use actual energy units such as Joules or Watts per unit of time.
You are correct
Thank my friend. It's Great.
I have a recommendation for you, that might be better, if you first write a text that you gonna tell in the video. then use the text to speech using online application to read the text. And will be very awesome to understand. thanks
@sergiyyurko8668 after watching some of your videos i now have a new suggestion which may be worth investigating and further experimenting with. it is an evolution of one of your recent mylar sheet designs. but with a twist!
ok so in your previous design you put the mylar reflective surface on the inside half of a baloon. and with the front half transparent. which you achieved by removing half of the reflective coating. however you then discovered the focal point was too close to the baloon or inside of it.
however the fundamental idea seems of high value. because the cost to generate a large focussing surface area using baloons and air is so low. in fact it is far lower cost than anything else. and also faster to build.
what is needed is to have the baloon behind the concave mirror. however of course we think we cannot because we need a positive pressure to make the balloon. but this is not true. we can instead make a negative pressure baloon that is more like a tent shape or a toblerone shape. with a negative pressure inside that is lower than the external atmosphere. so this then requires a triangular toblerone shaped frame inside which the baloon is hung. the baloon also needs to have anchor attachment points to the frame like a tent. so for example loops or one long folded loop. through which a rod can be pushed.
then we need to achieve a negative pressure. this can be done with a one way valve and some energy. at peak sun the natural heating will expand the baloon. it will push air out of the one way valve at the hottest time of the day. but plastic permeates air through its membrane. different plastics do this at different rates. so the plastic should be chosen to have a low permeability. even so, the baloon probably needs an active mechanical pumping (can be human or motor). which should be done at the hottest time of the day for lest effort. perhaps once per week.
i think the biggest difficulty to this approach is getting the manufacturing right. so that the shape of the balloon and the seams are stron etc. normally in industry we have flat hot bars to seal and join with heat 2 flat sheets of plastic. and this is used a lot in the food industry for sealing food items. a suction hose to remove air. or a flat metal vacuum table with holes in it is the surface. with suction from below. to remove air. in another industry we have vacume forming. where a buck is used and a vacuum table. and a hot sheet of thermopastic is air heated from above. then droops and is floppy then with both gravity and the sucction table takes away air, as it cools it solidifies.
perhaps you will find other cheaper or better techniques for manufacturing. which are less complex or easier to scale up. it seems like a rigidly set vacuum formed pastic would be cheap. but might not be very durable or as cheap or as friendly to the environment as a mylar baloon.
on the other hand a negative pressure baloon may require some pre-formed contour or buck or mould to make the mylar sheet pre-shaped to the ideal curve for a mirror. to focus the light accurately enough to concentrate it.
the tent frame structure also adds some costs. however it is permanment and can be re-used many times. so is a sunk infrastructure cost. while the cheap baloon wears out and then can be economically replaced.
the other thing to consider is that if a negative pressure baloon has to be custom made. then why not just make a better positive pressure baloon. that is a better shape. it can be cheaper and easier to use. but perhaps both design approaches are worthy of evaluation. and testing one against the other. to see which way round is the better choice. this is not so clearly understood. at least not without some deeper level of prototyping and more work.
i hope you found my twist on your previous idea fun and entertaining. thank you and good day
Super interesting topic! However you need subtitles my guy! I know English is tough but, I maybe understood every 4th word.
i wish i can buy one here philippines :( i need it to help people and my self
In india there is solor like this
It 1200 degree per mirror
dear sir please how to calculate the the power which transfer the water to steam ( 30 :100 c)
Infrared is a relatively small percentage of the total number of waves that come from the sun. Most of the energy received from the sun is light and not heat, so the photovoltaic method is more efficient. There are several thermo solar plants in the world and the cost of their production is very expensive and uneconomic were it not for the subsidy from the government. Regarding energy storage using the method of stored heat, it will be more efficient to use electrical power from photovoltaic production to produce heat than using infrared from the sun.
While the wavelength the sun puts out is many, PV can not currently convert all the wavelengths at once, I am only aware of roughly being able to convert 2 wavelengths at once and those are the latest tech.
The amount of usable thermal energy under those circumstances is simply much higher. The metric you mention to prove it isn't viable is based also on current in production material, while these are all trying to reduce those costs.
That is wrong concept and quite the opposite. All EM wavelength transfer energy and can be converted to heat, not just infrared. On the other hand, photovoltaic can only capture certain short range of wavelength. That's why solar thermal collector can easily reach more than 85% while solar PV can only reach below 30% at most
Підписався, круті відео. Але чекаю на поліпшення промови, бо дууже ріже слух..
there are so many extra ways to generate electricity from this lol. but what about geothermal thermodynamic and hydro. i feel like this could be incorporated into that lol.
Too bad it’s when the sun is not shining that you really NEED the power.
It can be stored or another source used.
When are these panels going to be available in South africa