Lalieudorhynchus: Permian Hippo-like Protomammal
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- Опубликовано: 26 июн 2024
- Lalieudorhynchus was a herbivorous synapsid from the Middle Permian of France. It has been proposed Lalieudorhynchus had a semi-aquatic lifestyle similar to that of a hippopotamus. It belonged to the clade Caseidae, whose members are notable for their proportionately tiny heads. Lalieudorhynchus was also one of the last of the basal synapsids, termed "pelycosaurs", who had otherwise been replaced by the more mammal-like therapsids.
Thank you to the themattalorian for narrating this video.
Sources:
www.semanticscholar.org/paper...
www.frontiersin.org/articles/...
www.livescience.com/mammal-an...
00:00 - Introduction
00:45 - Age
01:21 - Discovery
02:13 - Anatomy
04:56 - Lifestyle
12:07 - Classification
13:14 - Extinction
15:35 - Conclusion
16:44 - Outro
The narrator's ability to consistently pronounce "Lalieudorhynchus" correctly is something I can only dream of achieving in life.
i think he is a voiceover artist
Maybe it is the stardard American pronounciation, but it sounds quite bizarre when compared to a more Latin pronounciation.
@@khushalsaini2541even more impressive than just off the cuff?
I can't even read it let alone pronounce it 💀
La-loo-doe-rink-us I think that’s how you say but I’m not sure
Prehistoric Big chungus ? Prehistoric Big chungus!
Real!!?!
I mean, prehistoric rabbits are pretty big.
Real mature, Doruk, real mature
It's so cute
Big big chungus big chungus big big chungus big chungus
Perhaps Lalieudorhynchus could also be compared more to the marine iguanas on the Galápagos Islands. They are also ectotherm creatures, who feed on aquatic plants after basking in the sun.
Was thinking that the whole time. Perhaps spongy bones made its frame easier to tip over and eat things from the bottom, negating its neck's short reach
My first thought was comparing them to sirenians. If they did indeed forage mostly underwater that sounds more like a manatee than a hippo to me, even if they did leave the water sometimes.
Of course the iguana comparison might be better, but my argument relies on sticking with synapsid analogues.
I was gonna compare them turtles, but I think iguanas fit well too. Actually I think its a better comparison
Lalieudorhynchus when exiting the water be like: *I LIKE EM BIG! I LIKE EM CHUNKY!*
People usually say the Triassic animals were pretty weird, which is kinda true. However the Permian seems to have its share of animals with unusual head or bodyplans.
There is even a clade of Permian synapsids called "terrible heads", difficult to get weirder than that.
There is a lot of weird stuff at every period in time really, even today. just look at the platypus
The Triassic was very weird because it was sandwiched in between two extremely severe mass extinction events, making much of its biota unlike anything before or after.
But the same can be said for the Permian, which saw two mass extinctions (end-Guadalupian and end-Permian) and a less severe extinction event (Olson’s extinction) all within close proximity to each other, creating the same “weirdosity” effect. Furthermore, at the beginning of the Permian, the world was at the peak of the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age and resembled the Last Glacial Maximum, but at its end was an extremely arid supergreenhouse more severe than even the Turonian and Early Eocene supergreenhouses. Additionally, during the beginning of the Permian, the Carboniferous-Earliest Permian Biodiversification Event was still ongoing in the seas. It truly was an incredibly dynamic and interesting period.
@@altanativeftw2625 thanks for the explanation
Permian animals are only weird by today's 🏙 standards.
The Triassic animals were weird in general, because they had terribly adapted forms that only stuck around because of no competition or competent predators for them.
@@UniDocs_Mahapushpa_CyavanaMany living animals are equally or even more weird if you think about it, just look at elephants and horses.
This find is incredible not just because it is a late-surviving caseid, but also because it is from France. Most Middle Permian terrestrial vertebrates are from Russia, China, and Africa.
Amazing. I’ve read about these creatures just yesterday, on Wikipedia XD. I think it makes a lot of sense they lived a semiaquatic lifestyle. Excellent video
uh they are presumed or speculated to live a semi aquatic lifestyle. The topic itself is contested by paleontologists
@@retregratotherversrsentre7727 I’m aware, I’m just saying it makes sense :)
@@Randomrainfrog well same thing said for helzaraptor and spino so its kinda sus
Looks like a tortoise without a shell 😁
Arguably the goofiest looking group of animals, they're cool I guess
Definitely amazing video for sure
Wow named just last year? I love this hot off the press coverage of obscure animals that few know about.
ONCE AGAIN AMAZING VIDEO AS ALWAYS!!!!!
Based on reading Wikipedia articles, it seemed that many Permian animals kinda wanted to be the hippos of its time.
The answer to the question: how they lived? is evident through anatomy and environment. Like today's iguanas of Galapagos Islands. The water is great for escaping the heat and offers more plant food than land. For me the case is clear. This lifeform lived on coasts, rivers and islands and went into the water to eat. 🤓🤷🏽
Thanks for the amazing Content! 🦖
I friggin love permian fauna.
Wow another nice video but please can you make a video about rimasuchus or even the mighty purrassuarus
I am defiantly planning to make a video about Purussaurus, but I am trying to space about the videos about mega-crocs.
@@chimerasuchus thanks 👍 for the information I really like your channel
Really enjoy all the love you give to these underappreciated animals and periods! Invaluable channel for a layperson like myself.
I love this channel. Of all the paleo channels, this is the most informative and interesting without ridiculous fluff and agenda.
It's very rare that I subscribe after only seeing ONE only video. This one is great enough to convince me. Kudos.
I LOVE the Permian!!!! Any more Permian videos you do will get likes from me!!
Turtles and tortuses also have tiny heads for their body size. Convergent evolution? The plump body is an advantage if they forage under water because a larger body mass means they cool down more slowly so can stay active under water for longer until they have to return to land to bask. I would compare it more to a crocodile lifestyle, alternating between periods of basking on the beach and getting food under water.
I was thinking the same about the turtle-like shape, but turtles usually have very long necks (even if they are retractable and may seem short when not extended)
This is wild. One of the few animals I've never heard of.
how do you know how many animals you havent heard of?
@@morthim Well like, on this channel.
Another great video 😎
Hoping for a Dentaneosuchus video soon'ish!
As far as I remember the Varanopids are still being considered Synapsids
They really remind me of elephant seals, I can imagine intraspecific fighting being equally bloody. It could be that they had really thick skin like the hippopotamus to help with potential buoyancy issues. As is often the case, an interesting and obscure beast brought to light for our viewing pleasure. Thanks and keep up the awesome work!
Thank you so much for providing such a superfascinating paleo doku about animals I did always find astounding - made my evening!
Very cute protomammal. It is shame we will never see how this critter behaved in the wild.
Great work as usual! Nice to learn more about both caseids and anteosaurs in the same video. Didn't know anteosaurs were, potentially, water-savvy creatures.
The study of Permian faunal isotopes mentioned in the video found Anteosaurus spent a notable amount of time in the water, likely because herbivorous dinocephalians spent an even greater amount of time there. Even though they were mostly terrestrial, anteosaurs were actually once perceived as crocodile analogues.
Have never heard of them, but they are fascinating! Thank you!
More!!!!!!!!!!! love the stuff that isn't focused on in mainstream paleontology stuff like documentary animation series.
So it’s a hippo before the hippo existed
Beta hippo
Except they didn't have big head with large tusk like canines and 1820 PSI bite force
Since they lived before hippis arn't hippos the newer version of lalieudorhynchus
First of all -- I love this channel! Tor decades into the future this makes detailed knowledge accessible for folks that don't want to take a graduate course! Now for the bad news -- my own speculation! A huge animal like that could never sink. Its gut would be full of gas, and it was a floating island. The only alternative was if it ate huge quantities of rocks or sand to weigh it down, which seems unlikely, although some paleontological context might be helpful here. Those big forelimbs suggest to me it was digging through mangrove-like environments eating woody roots and letting its huge gut do the work of digestion, and maybe floating around the rest of the time. Maybe crawling on land to lay eggs at times. IMHO.
Good job. Another very interesting animal. Well produced, with good narration and very informative.
educational videos on obscure permian & triassic fauna is always an interesting topic, thank you
I was thinking, how possible is it that they were more manatee like? Except floating on the surface, rather than deeper into the water, because of their ectothermy. In this concept, they would feed on algae and plant matter floating on the surface. If they even leaned towards a detritivorous lifestyle, that could explain the purpose behind ridiculously large guts
New to me. 👏
Great content thanks for introducing us to such an interesting animal
Thought you were stuffed up lol im like, why does he sound so different today 😂 love the videos
Miocene Rhino Teleoceras had a broad, hippo like body and was thought to be aquatic. More recent studies show it was likely a land animal however.
Like crabs and fliers hippos just kept re-evolving over time; Imagine a time when the saying was "when Lalieudorhynchuses can fly"!
I say there are 4 rules in Evolution:
- crab is best
- Your ancestors were noodles, your descendants will be noodles
- everything will try to fly, no matter how many limbs they have
- since vertrebrates took over the land, there will always be hippos
Are you going to think of a suggestion making a RUclips Videos all about Geosaurus (A Marine Crocodile and/or A Sea Crocodile) on the Next Chimerasuchus Next Saturday coming up next?!👍👍👍👍👍⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
I love how weird Permian animals were.
The Permian House Hippo is a shy beast...
Ok I love how this hippoturtle looks 😁
Hippo like behavior eons before the hippo existed.
Obviously not exactly like the fancy modern hippos 🦛 with their fancy new systems.
Another awesome video! Chimerasuchus' production and this narrator go well together.
I wonder if Lalieudorhynchus and other derived caseids could be better compared to beavers. Stocky animals with short necks that escape into water to avoid predators and sleep but forage on land. Perhaps the answer to the caseids odd anatomy could be found in the paleobotany of the time. Were they a perfect height to graze on groundcover cycads trunk crowns? Was there a large stalked herb like a large horsetail that, like a beaver processing a tree trunk, benefits a herbivore designed to sit in one place for an extended period? Probably should widen the search to caseid associated paleofloras in general and not just this one species
WIll they still be scary if they behaved aggressively like hippos? If so, will it benough enough to scare the predators away?
Even if it had the temperament of hippos, Lalieudorhynchus would have been slower, less active, and it had a less impressive arsenal. Although it would be far from harmless, the idea kind of reminds me of the Toaster from Fallout New Vegas.
Very cool, thanks G
I had a thought, just like ducks are classified into dabblers and divers, maybe they fed more like dabblers at the top of the water, if they were semi aquatic. Maybe the specialized much like a koala on a specific species of water plant much like water Lillie's or duck weed, just a thought.
the artists depictions look like turtles without shells
New favorite prehistoric animal
nice video
i love caseids so much. rip.
This is a Lalieudorhynchus moment
I’m envisioning these animals as FLOATING eating machines, not needing a long neck because of focussing on consuming massive amounts of vegetation on the water SURFACE. This is unlike hippos, which were bottom-walkers and ate land plants.
Nice 👍
So cute
More freshwater species! Yes!
Look at these large lads
0:46: "the sandwich is mine!", "no mine!"
Looks like a turtle without a shell
In other words, hippos are Lalieudorhynchus-mimics🤓
I love him. Methinks he was a river/swamp'er.
those tiny heads, wow
Maybe they migrated or hibernate, which would explain why a semi aquatic animal would live in a monsoonal wet and dry climate
So in Permian age we already had “alpha versions” of saber-toothed cats, marmots, lemurs and, apparently, hippos. It would be fun if someone discovered flying or fully aquatic synapsids similar to modern bats and whales.
Good movie prehistorie animals
If one made this animal up, you would be told by experts that it was highly implausible, I think. What a goofy creature.
Almost looks like a turtle with no shell
Their tiny heads make me giggle😂
They look like turtles without shells.
"They were too large to hide during the night, potentially explaining they disappearance"
So they learned how to hide!!
"She call me Mr. Bombastic..."
Can you do Moschops next?
AI narration is getting pretty good
This isn't AI generated.
seriously how does this not have 'pinhead' in its name !!
Maybe the unusually small head enabled it to poke its head above the water while attracting minimal attention from predators.
When I first read the title, I thought it said proto hippo. I don't know how that happened. Now I want to know where hippos came from.
For the algorithm gods!
We all bow before the algogods
What if it was a shore/bank feeder that just floated at the surface, with just it's back and head showing above the water, to safely feed along the shore? idk...
What is they were floaters? What if they slept by floating on the water, thus eliminating the problem of needing to surface to breath? They could have floated alone expending very minimal effort eating floating plants (such as water lilies) and plants growing in the shallows.
Looks like a giant shelless turtle to me lol
Galapagos tortoise heads and Komodo dragon bodies
They appear to me to be more adopted to eating plants on the surface of the water than anything else with the head being so far up on the body. Floating in the water and munching plants on the surface just seems right to me.
The common chuckwalla ( Sauromalus ater) of the American South West also has a very large body with small head, but is only about 16 inches long. It is slow moving and a vegetarian. The large body may be a selective advantage for digesting desert plants. If the chuckwalla is a product of convergent evolution, I wouldn’t necessarily expect Lalieudorhynchus
to be aquatic.
What really grind me about paleontologists trying to explain the lifestyle of "tiny headed - large bodied animal", they often not consider possible physiology for such animals. (Thanks to minimally preserved fossils of internal organ to defend their argument).
Physiologically, such head-body size ratio is necessary to achieve basic respiratory requirement for large-bodied animal.
For breathing, intrathoracic pressure is always maintained negative compared to the atmosphere. To prevent to much air escape during normal breathing, as the lung size increase, smaller airway diameter is required to maintain intrathoracic pressure - basically if you have bigger trachea diameter, then you'll get the lungs to easily collapse. This is possibly logical in Lalieudorhynchus' case.
But you can't evolve things by squeezing the airway diameter forever (the animal will be choked to death, duh). If you make the lungs size even bigger, you'll need way more "dead space" to buy time for air to not escape easily from lungs. The solution? Longer respiratory tract. Hence, the Sauropods can exist as very big, long-necked animals..
This happens too in highly-pressured environment e.g deep water. Hence, exist the Plesiosaurs
Of course, this pattern won't happen to animals who possibly have higher metabolism rate and/or use loud sound as methods of communication (e.g Theropods, late dinosaurs), and adapt their lung physiology by other means (e.g Crocodylians, Ichtyosaurs, Pliosaurs)
These, combined by behavioral adaptation, is truly a biological marvel.
they look like turtles so much
It's a prototype. It doesn't have to make sense, it just needs to work.
5:31 Talking about design flaws
Obviously they all had shrunken heads from making a witch doctor angry
Why does the depiction of lalieudorhynchus remind me of Tommy Boy?
Kid in Bank: Hey, Mom! It's the guy who robbed the bank.
Tommy: I didn't rob any bank.
Kid in Bank: Oh, yeah, right. Like it was some other real fat guy with a tiny head.
Tommy: I got a tiny head?
Correction: Caseids are derived from Milleretta and had a synapsid-type temporal opening by convergence. You're not to blame for this mistake. This is a traditional myth that won't go away for several decades based on how long it took for paleontologists to realize birds ARE dinosaurs. Related taxa include Feeserpeton, Australothyris, Aclieistorhinus and Eunotosaurus. None of these are related to synapsids. You can test this hypothesis of interrelationships by including pertinent taxa. Google: the-case-for-cutting-caseasauria-out-of-the-synapsida/ for a 2011 blogpost on this topic.
They are of course related to synapsids.
@@Dr.Ian-Plect - add more taxa and caseids leave Synapsida. You are quoting from out-of=date textbooks.
@@DAVIDPETERS12C No David, I'm stating a very basic fact in biology.
--------
Drop your ugly, smug attitude and think.
Look like turtles without the shell
Gonna be honest, they look like turtles without shells.
Those are not proto mammals, those are chonky bois
they would have very likely to have dragged their tails when moving on land because of their longer front limbs and much shorter back limbs
This is almost certainly inaccurate but I like to think of these guys as behaving like a mix of hippo and elephant seal
That's what naked turtles look like!
Lalieudorhychus aka the thickest of bois during the early Permian.