Silicon Carbide - The subtle REVOLUTION
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- Опубликовано: 6 окт 2024
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Silicon Carbide - The subtle REVOLUTION
SiC is as important as battery technologies. It enables huge reductions in power loss for example, in a MOSFET diode, SiC makes it easier to achieve a thinner drift layer because of its critical breaking strength that can be a much as 10x higher than that of silicon.
This results in less electrical resistance, culminating in up to 70% reduction in conduction and switching losses at high voltages.
And high voltage we are talking about as high as 2,500 kV/cm while for silicon you are looking at most 300 kV/cm. This is possible because of its excellent thermal conductivity that is 3.2 times higher at 4.9 W/cm.K against 1.5.
Lastly the band gap, depending on the polytype, can be almost 3 times higher at 3.23 eV against 1.12 eV for silicon. This means that the SiC is less likely to suffer from current leakage thus making it ideal to work at high temperatures.
All of this translates into better electronics with a dramatic size and weight reduction along with smaller cooling systems, since SiC can operate at higher temperatures, the energy needed to maintain cooling can be reduced by up to 30% if not more.
Sources
www.ev-volumes....
www.pntpower.c...
www.transporte...
www.shindengen...
info.ornl.gov/...
www.arrow.com/...
insideevs.com/...
en.wikipedia.o...
en.wikipedia.o...
en.wikipedia.o...)
• Toyota's New Silicon C...
• "Emerging Trends in Si...
• SiC Power Devices
Image Attribution
Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Lille / CC BY-SA (creativecommon...) 
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Okay, this was interesting! Now, we need a comparison of SiC with GaN, another game changer in the field. Will you do it, dear Subject Zero?
Awesome question. Did some research thanks to the wizardry of Google. Found a paper and an article:
www.richardsonrfpd.com/docs/rfpd/Microsemi-A-Comparison-of-Gallium-Nitride-Versus-Silicon-Carbide.pdf
www.arrow.com/en/research-and-events/articles/silicon-carbide-and-gallium-nitride-compared
GaN has a higher electron mobility, but SiC has better thermal conductivity. Factoring the fact that GaN is not as mature (production wise) as SiC and that SiC surpasses it in terms of up-front costs (while doing better when it comes to high powered electrical systems thanks to it's better thermal conductivity), it is a more effective solution - that being said, GaN can still find a niche in small, high-frequency products (like CPUs). So SiC will be more widely used in the battery charging and power transfer systems, while GaN will be probably find better use in micro electronics.
lol, you saw Engadget's video too, huh?
A comparison between SiC and GaN would be entertaining- but then a dive into SiC GaN hybrid devices would be really interesting!
I encountered some SiC GaN devices on Mouser the other day and haven’t had the time to do a deep dive. They seem to combine the advantages of both to create some really capable devices.
@@dekutree64 Yes, sure I did! ;)
There is a lot of bias and corruption between that other channel you mentioned with GaN and this channel that we are commenting under with the video. Notice Graphene isn't mentioned anywhere.
Check this out.
Go to my channel, find Technology Research, go there.
You can also do a youtube search for Technology Research vid1, find my channel through that video.
Go right away to the playlists area by clicking on the playlists button at the top of my other channel, and click "created playlists".
If you can't find the playlists button at the top, click on the home page of my other channel, and then it should show the playlists button at the top.
Once you find all the playlists, go to a playlist called "Graphene playlist".
And then another playlist called "Videos with important info to get around my channel".
Be sure to check out all the other playlists on Graphene and Quantum Technologies.
After you watch all the videos from top to bottom in that order in each playlist, check each playlist description for articles, info and links to official websites.
Don't forget to check back manually in the playlist area for updates, being a subscriber won't always show a new video added to those playlists.
My other channel is for showing people the big picture, for awareness and learning.
I'm a visionary and optimistic, to a whole other level of good innovation, with Graphene and Quantum Technologies.
It's all facts from proof, no conspiracy theory.
I feel the these channels that we're commenting under are very biased and corrupt, they even keep me from giving links because my comments become hidden if I do, and sometimes even without links my comments are hidden, there is a lot of bias and corruption going on.
Guys, some of your are wondering where the 20% comes from.
Apologies for not being clear in the video, but the 20% refers to the TOTAL power loss of the SYSTEM, not just inverter, at temperatures above 100˚C.
The efficiency you see in most inverters are tied to "working temperature", and as it increases, efficiency decreases.
Silicon carbide offers better efficiency at higher temperatures.
Its from Mitsubishi and some other companies.
Always happy to see SZS in my feed :)
Same :D
Agreed 100%!
This is so helpful for my Chemistry class. Thanks!!!
Hello everyone, subject zero here, always brings me joy to hear
Absolutely
I have never considered efficiencies during the conversion of DC to AC until now. Thank you for this video.
as a materials science student, I appreciate your channel
I wouldn't say SiC is the key to even better charging rates. We currently have 350kW chargers everywhere, but afaik there is no car battery that allows that charging rate.
Seems new Tesla Model S & X will get close I read recently, needed better cables for cooling as a last step.
In 10 years we will have figured out how to deliver insane charge rates that don’t damage the batteries.
@@apollo3679 one day we can harvest lightning lol
I've been using Silicon Carbide cutting tools since the 80's. They can use different coatings to get even greater wear properties. It has been the go to material for a long time.
dont you mean Tungsten Carbide?
Such a good quality and such a nice and interesting topic. Really appreciate the video!
At 3:44 you misspelled first :D
And on 5:33 misspelled "MARKET". Yes, we actually read these texts :)
Awesome video:) i think that 20% losses could be a little bit of an overstatement, these systems are quite a bit more efficient, but if so much mass/price could be reduced-that'd be awesome.
A charge/discharge loss of 30% is normal...the best systems on the planet can reduce this to 20%, so it is correct. That's why it is always beter to let your EV just come to a halt by itself instead of regenerative breaking....if traffic allows ofcourse.
@@chrisminnoy3637 the sentence was about inverters in general if I understood it correctly. They themselves are more efficient, up to 95+%. www.e-education.psu.edu/eme812/node/738
@@chrisminnoy3637
30% total losses means one direction had about 16% loss. There were 2 converters involved in that round trip.
@@kensmith5694 that's correct. We used batteries for wind balancing in the past...30% loss roundtrip, there is a more loss from dc to ac than reverse. From ac to dc you can reduce the loss to 8 or 9 % in the best case.
WOW....who knew an old tech was about to change so much! Thank you!
Always love to see your and realengineering's videos in my feed, science and especially informative random science is my favorite
Thanks for the great video. FYI, minor error on the info-graphic text for the "First" LED, where it say's "Fist" instead.
Also at 5:42 it says "MARKTE" instead of market
sometimes you dont notice them or you do but its too late as re rendering the video might put you over the release deadline
Another high quality video! Thank you!
Great video, can't wait to see more EVs on the road
Top tier channel, for sure
And to think that I threw out my bag of SiC grit during a move some years back. 😫🤦🏻♂️
Huh, I just bought 45 pounds of it, 46/70 grit.
Thank you, I love your videos. Perfect.
06:41
That's it, we're done here
reminds me of the Portal2 investment oportunity videos with Cave Johnson
love this ending.
Amazing video! Keep up the great work.
“The bandgap - not N’SYNC” 😂
Always waiting for your awesome videos and excellent as always, thanks so much for the good content
Silicon carbide is made on the wafer by masking off where you don't want it, evacuate the chamber and discharge a tiny bit of carbon monoxide right next to the wafer and evacuate again. Some of the CO will be stuck to the Si. Then discharge a tiny bit of silane gas. This will react to form a single molecule thick SiC film. Repeat for thicker films. When the mask is removed the excess SiC will be removed. That is a cool use of two very dangerous materials. CO is the most common cause of lethal poisoning and silane explodes on contact with air. There are some seriously dangerous materials used to make the chips we use every day.
True. Dont forget about Hydrofluoric acid used to etch stuff which will also usually kill you if it gets on your skin.
It all just requires the correct procedures to make it safe to use.
Very exciting future material and easy to chew, fun video, thx
The most hard working, the most original, the most creative science youtuber.
Thank you sir for information
I very appreciate your effort in picking interesting topics and explaining them in a comprehensive way. Great Job! May I ask what software tools you use for the animations and video editing?
Well, he just mentioned in the end including blender
Blender, Apple Motion and mObject
Amazing video as usual
I like your channel. It is informative and has very high quality production value, with animations and 3d models.
One of the things it lacks to 'similar' channels (Joe Scott, Veritasium, Vsauce) is the lack of a host. There is no person on screen, just a voice-over basically. I think RUclips channels' popularity is increased if there is a person attached to it, it just adds that little extra. As a viewer you develop a connection to the host, even though it is completely one-sided of course.
quality content stamp
Wow... Great clip... Didnt knew that!!
Super interesting! And really, those 3D animations are top notch!
That's fascinating! Thanks for another great video.
Great explanation.. loved it .
Another amazing video. Love your work.
Excellent job as usual. It strikes me at some of the properties of silicon carbide a remarkably similar to that of graphite. There's a technical name for this sort of iso trophy.
In general, unless it is a metal, the harder a material is the more conductive to heat. Both are extremely hard at least in 2 dimensions.
Cave Johnson. We're done here!
1. Do it from scratch
2. Spare no expense
3. Never cut corners (except at the corner cutting machine)
I see Subject Zero successfully implemented Mr. Johnson's father's theories on farming.
@@NuclearTopSpot Aaaand we're broke
I always have to skip that part. Always makes me involuntarily cringe.
I knew cave johnson,
He's my father...
Dad are you space, 'Yes son, now we are a family's
SPACE
Intersting stuff. One thing I was missing though - what's the current status of this tech? Is there anything holding back mass adoption? Any yet unsolved technical hurdles? Or just mass production and integration into the existing ecosystem taking its time?
For example we get promised some revolutionary new battery tech every other week but then you hear nothing about it ever again because those are lab results and it doesn't work when you try to build a billion of them.
Excellent production 👌
Thanks again for this wonderful video
This begs for answering the question : why isn't it there already ?
What technical challenges still need to be overcome, etc...
Nice and informative video, I would have liked to know why it hasn't been welcomed before into electronics and what has been the breakthrough these years
I used to work for a company called AGC Electronics America. Japanese company that manufactured SiC ceramics mainly for use in the high temp FAB ovens you see at places like Intel. SiC can withstand some seriously high temperature with relatively low thermal expansion compared to other materials. It’s idea for ovens as well. But it’s extremely brittle and one can easily break a $50,000 SiC wafer boat with hardly any trauma. It’s hard as hell but because it’s so brittle if a finish piece I’m gets hit and it vibrates at resonance it’s can shatter in weak spots. I’ve broken things before that are worth more than my car. It happens to the best of us. Your heart sinks every time. It’s traumatizing haha.
SiC substrates vs Si substrates based thyristors in the inverters? if this is the case how easy it is to do photolithography on SiC and what about epitaxy on SiC?
Does the wafer formed at the very bottom of the Silicon crystal during CZ process considered SiC? when carbon concentration is the highest from the impurities of the crucible?
I really need to start reading latest research on semiconductor device again. my book "physics of semiconductor device" at my bookself staring at me right now.
And I started to watch this video expecting a discussion on abrasives.
But I wasn't disappointed in any way, perhaps a little surprised but I really enjoyed the video!
A very promising technology indeed. Would be great to see it being used more in the future.
Silicon still has some fight left in it. The "super junction MOSFET" gives the SiC part a good run for its money in current designs. "super junction" designs makes MOSFETs that have many of the good properties that 100V MOSFETs have with a breakdown voltage as high as 2000V. The high voltage area is where the SiC parts have the most advantage normally.
Great video about SiC. However, a blend of elemental carbon and elemental silicon (or sometimes SiOx) can be used as anode material for LIBs. Both elemets store lithium through two different processes. Carbon is a intercalation material and silicon is a conversion material. The benefit of silicon is the theoretical capacity of around 3500 mAh/g which is ten times higher than carbon (or graphite to be more precise). Unfortunately, silicon suffers from a vast volume expansion of 300 % during the charging process which massively damages the anode during operation. Therefore, a blend of carbon and silicon (with an increasing amount of silicon in the future) is used to accomodate the volume expansion while benefiting from an increased practical capacity compared to carbon-only anodes.
Nice Graphics! Keep on!
How did you make this video? The motion graphics are impressive and very professional! Nice job!
Always love your videos dude, thanks for the info :)
Very informative, thanks!
I'm interested and I havent even watched the video yet
This is what my gems are made from
That's awfully similar to what semiconductors need to breach the wall!
These video's are gorgeous.
I have a problem with the utility of electric cars. Consider the energy transfer rate when fuelling a diesel car. Diesel oil contains 36 MJ per litre and it takes about 2 minutes to put 50 litres in the tank That's a transfer rate of 15,000,000 Joules per second or 15,000,000 Volt Amperes or being very loose with units 15 MW. How is one going to get this sort of power out of a charger? I will be sticking with Diesel cars for the foreseeable future. Example I was in Edinburgh at 14:00 by 21:45 I was in London Earls Court. When I can get an electric car with comparable performance at the same price as Diesel car with the same interior build I will buy one assuming I am still allowed to drive.
Your problem is that you think people "fuel" their electric cars at a gas station. They dont, except in very special circumstances.
Jeremy Clarkson called this way before : silicon carbideeee
Higher voltage, lower resistance, faster switching times and lower gate capacitance making them easier to drive. We're already using them and seeing efficiency gains.
Also worth mentioning is the "power JFET" or "static induction transistor". Those parts allow for a lot of simplifications of topologies where cascodes are used to make a high voltage switch.
I used to work manufacturing this stuff with a CVD process. was super cool; lot of electricity; lot of money lol
Just purchased a Baseus charger using GaN and SiC components.
Love the 3d animations and style. What programs do you use ?
Watch till tge end
Very cool when its 15 minutes to 80% that will give you time for a pit stop and get food then eat and go back to the car. Or fully charged if you don't take your food to go after walking in to restaurants. Just a thought.
At Marquette a team is working on a 1MW AC-DC converter
Awesome video!
Yay! Subject Zero!
superb!
It should be spelled SiC-- Si for silicon and C for carbon in the periodic table. A similar chemical compound is SiO2, for silicon dioxide, or the mineral quartz!
How would cubic boron nitride compare? Interested as I am familiar with both from my experience with both as abrasive materials.
Can you also please make a video on PHA from food waste, industrial technology
nice! how far in the future are we talking?
Basically "tomorrow". SiC parts will be in next years electric car.
HELL YEAH!
Can you please do a making of or provide resources for this excellent presentation style of technical topics? I think many presentations would benefit, but of course, only if the presenter is capable enough to invest hours in Blender.
Better cooling I like the sound of that
Embarrassed to say this, but I think I'm the only one who came here to know about Silicon Carbide...and how it "bullet-proofs" John Wick's suit. :-P (P.S. Great presentation by the way.)
It may make it "Bullet Proof", but also makes his ribs "Broken"
Thanks
What stock do i have to buy? Thanks!
That's quite SiCk!
if silicon is similar to corbon, are there any benefits to a graphene molecule with silicon atoms replacing some of the carbon?
Or silicone with graphene, I believe Seeker recently did a video on this. Apparently it depends on the angle of the graphene molecule
What if you could use magnets faced+\-this wil allow if strong enough a way to create an infinite energy source witch could be harnessed to create some kin of electric engine and if again strong enough could be used to create a hyperdrive that never depletes or create a car that you never have to refuel . Hens whe could make magnetic fusion energy only problem is where do you store it? Well for somethings small like a car you could use a normal battery what whe use in our electric cars but with some thing like a spacecraft it must be a much different way I can’t quite figure out that but for cars it could be a massive improvement because the car would charge wile driving and also be able to charge while not driving theoretically .Greetings from South Africa 🇿🇦.
how did i miss this video ?
Mass production before discovery... this is some serious science to think about
Must send this to Jeremy Clarkson... does anyone remember his Carerra GT review?
Yeeeeeeas!! Now I remember...
"This ... is a clutch".
ruclips.net/video/vE_WqdKbTvY/видео.html
With GaN the main problem is, the purest GaN crystals usually have >1000 times crystal defects than Si crystals. Now, what is the situation on SiC?
Can you talk about renuable energy
Great video. Is there a source for the bill of materials reduction claim?
The cost savings would come mainly from reduced _Size_ of components, especially those necessary for cooling since with higher efficiency there is less need for cooling.
Would these same properties of silicon carbide produce a more efficient solar pvc cell?
Nice! GaN comparison is mandaroty now
One small correction, at 4:12 you say MOSFET diode, but you are showing and talking about a MOSFET transistor, not a diode, it is not that big of a deal in this case.
Edit: I really appreciate your videos, but I did notice a couple of mistakes in the last ones, perhaps you should tweak your process a little to catch them before release.
Keep up the good work.
and one should also drop the transistor at the end as the T in mosfet stands for transistor
This sounds promising for Tesla guns. Big problems with the ones created right now are due to MOSFETs being incapable of withstanding the required currents...
That’s not cylindrical li-ion battery, there’s no graphite bar inside the electrode jelly-roll.
Two months ago you had a short film about how graphene could increase the storage capacity of batteries. Can graphene technology be combined with Silcon Carbide?
What companies/stocks make ev grade SiC? Is there a green ETF?
There really is no EV grade. Just look up SiC transistors. Anyone making them is a candidate for who the big supplier may be.
Cree and STMicroelectronics. Cree are the leading substrate wafer manufacturer and ST are more of packning + selling.
you should do a video on BCNs (boron carbon nitrogen) i think BCNs are going to be bigger for humanity than pure carbon allotropes
Could you add subtitles (at least english) please ?
You made several errors even before "MOSFET diode" when talking of a 3 legged device. "diode" means two legged device.
"mohs" is said with the long "o" like "bow" and "toe" use
Converters made with silicon routinely keep losses under 10%. Silicon carbide just makes life much easier for the designer.
Where do you learn this stuff my school never taught me this
@@nondisposableincome1920
Part of it comes from a different school but most of it comes from doing electronics for a good long while. I used to design the tracking collars for T-Rexes
You didn’t mention drill bits and end mills.
Can't wait till they add this to astroneer
If there was a 3D printer working with an arc. We could manipulate matter like never before
Which companies or research teams are involved?