The Forested Garden: What is a Food Forest?
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- Опубликовано: 6 апр 2019
- To learn more watch the Permaculture Masterclass: www.discoverpermaculture.com/...
Forests are ecosystems with a diversity of plants, animals, and fungi. They were designed by nature to have perfect balance. A food forest is a version of this in which the different, balanced components produce food. When we understand how nature creates its ecosystem, we can model that with productive species to produce food sustainably, with minimum inputs for maximum outputs.
Forests have layers. At the top is the (1) canopy layer followed by (2) understory trees, (3) bushes and shrubs, and down to (4) herbaceous layers. Under the ground, there are (5) root yields, and at the surface, there are (6) groundcovers. There are also vertical layers of (7) climbers. These layers work to occupy all the space. In designing a food forest, we use those layers to work for our benefit.
For designed food forests, the plants change from climate to climate. In the subtropics, tamarillo functions as an understory, and also within this layer are productive trees, such as feijoa, guava, and citrus. Taro, coco yam, and cassava are root yields. There are also large herbs, like bananas. The food forest would also include large support species-ice cream bean, tipuana tipu, casuarina-that support the forest by cycling nutrients, as well as understory support trees, a la acacia, leucaena, cassia, and albizzia. Most of these support species will eventually give way to large, productive species: rose apples, mulberries, jackfruit, bunya pine, pecan, and mango. The system remains very stable when all the layers are occupied.
We can plant foods by cultivating the support species at the same time as the fruit trees, then managing the support species to shelter and boost the productive species. Or, we can start just support species, but we shouldn’t start with just the productive species because it would require lots of inputs and hard work to keep them healthy. Support species can be up to 95% of the mass in the early years, and most of them will be nitrogen-fixing species. We speed their life cycle up by managing the support species, pruning when there is more rainfall than evaporation. Over time, less mass will be from support species and more from productive plants until, ultimately, the forest is 95% productive species. This is how we stack in time as well as space.
So, we are manipulating the way a forest grows, particularly speeding it up, to work in our favor. We can pollard nitrogen-fixing legumes to allow sun in during rainier times and, then, through regrowth, supply shades in drier times. We can eventually cut these legumes lower and lower to yield their space to productive species. Finally, we can cut them to ground level and remove them altogether. This is how we more rapidly feed the soil with a fallen forest.
We can also use animals to help in the process. Larger grazing animals can graze to clear areas until we put in our small plants. Chickens and ducks can come through and prepare the ground. With established trees, chicken and ducks can return to clean the area up and speed the cycle of low-lying plants. We just have to keep an eye on the system and work the animals to a planned improvement in productivity.
Food forests work as a living ecosystem, both diverse and stable. The production of soil is constant and fertility constantly growing. The production is nonstop. The system will actually replicate itself over time. This type of garden can make us the most beneficial animal on the planet, all while supplying our own needs.
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About Geoff:
Geoff is a world-renowned permaculture consultant, designer, and teacher that has established demonstration sites that function as education centers in all the world's major climates.
About Permaculture:
Permaculture is conscious, intentional design in which diverse, stable and resilient ecosystems are assimilated to help people provide their food, energy, shelter, and other needs in a sustainable way, abusing neither the planet nor the humans relying on it. Permaculture focuses on a variety of topics, including agriculture, forestry, water harvesting, renewable energy, eco-building, waste management, animal systems, economics, technology, & community development.
Music Credits:
Song: "Emotional Documentary" | Artist: Melodex | Licensed by AudioHive
Song: "Deeper" | Artist: Chris Coleman | Licensed by Musicbed
#permaculture #foodforest #forestgarden
I think this has literally changed my life. I’ve been searching for something new and meaningful and I think I’ve found it.
me too man
I hope you drink bountiful water and breath deeply the air today wherever you are.
@@evanstowers8529 Thanks!!
Yeah, same here, though I think I found it like 10 years ago. Got caught up with life, but I'm working towards having a small plot one day now. I think it's a good dream, fresh clean nutritious food, fresh air, clean drinking water... those things are really undervalued today.
If you live in the temperate or colder climes add Mark Shepard. Mark has upped the scale to farm size, but a clever person can still use it on a smaller scale.
I am developing food forests in Zone 8 USA because of YOU, Geoff Lawton. Thanks for showing us a better way.
Yours looks more like a fruit orchard/grove. Don't you have any fast growing support species in your climate you can use as chop and drop while your fruit trees mature? What was your starting ratio of productive species to support species and has it changed much over time?
Love your channel as well keep up the great work
@@phangz8394 we have TONS of N+ fixing support species, re-watch our project farm vids homie
@@PermacultureHomestead - you mean your autumn olives? Geoff's food forest started with 90-10 support-production ratio. Yours seems to have way more production plants that aren't producing yet. Could use that energy to be growing green matter now while fruit trees are developing. Don't get me wrong - what you've done is incredible. LOOKS incredible but not really functioning as a food forest, is it? I'm not hating cause I have watched you for a long time. Just friendly input.
how's that going?
Great vid. This is becoming more and more common here in Thailand. People were told monoculture was going to make them rich but now they are going back in droves to diversifying crops and turning their monocultures back into this and get 10x the yield off their plot. Which their grandparents knew as being just simple common sense!
Amazing how he’s studied this and put it into reality. Imagine if we had these all over the earth.
In Africa yes. Only they've staated cutting down the old woods without replacing them /:
We would not be allowed them all over the earth because you're people who exploit the public and the masses would not get their profit would not be able to use there herbicides pesticides Roundup more Santa's older big companies and greedy big corporations would go out of business this is why I encourage everybody to grow their own food forest on an unused piece of land or in your back garden or both plant seeds see what happens this is why council's and big bed settees make it so hard almost impossible for Communities to grow it on food always excuses like oh about the insurance how can we have it insured who's going to maintain it no you're not allowed to it will cause vandalism it will cause pests always excuses
Beautifully presented . I'm An Architect from SriLanka and this is very similar to our village food system and plants are almost the same. You have given a logical background to that system . This is the only way we can save the world and be sustainable . Countries like Brazil should follow these guidelines when its comes to farming without destroying their gift the rain forest .
You are the reason I started my food forest and the reason I started sharing about it on RUclips! Your “greening the desert” project changed the whole trajectory of my life and my goals. This is truly the answer to all the questions!
"You could solve all the world's problems in a garden."
That's no joke, He had it right the first time.
Every public park should be like this.
Kerala,India:
Dear Sensei, I have again come back to watch this video to let you know that this video changed my life as well as my family's and a lot of others ❤️ We are designing two food forests at the moment. The timing of this video in relation to my life was impeccable! The knowledge shared in this video when I watch now after 2 years makes more sense than before 🙏
Visit us in Kerala, when you come here. With love, Nikhil Bose & family 💚
Even I love this guy
The best teacher
And subscribed
This is Amazing. How much knowledge humans have, to create something so effective and healthy for the environment, and how LITTLE is being done with that knowledge world wide :(
check out my website anarkeden.com bro! The time is now to launch the conscious human uprising!
ugh. Just because people type stuff, people tend to believe whatever is printed. Same with making videos, people assume that those people making videos MUST know what they are talking about, right? Grins. We humans just are not that cool Ido, just sayin'! Natives know how to grow food for themselves far better than any visiting 1st world human or missionary.
How arrogant we are, sorry, but come on! We still have missionaries bring the 'gift' of bottles and formula to 3rd world nations. Vaccines that kill entire villages. Won't be hearing about that on the media.
We humans need a big dose of humility.
And how so little support is given to people who bring efficient solutions
@@stephanealegoria7016 Too many people buy into SOLUTIONS that just...sound good to them. Bad science, bad information = failure and loss of gardeners.
@@stormytrails Sorry, are you trying to suggest that vaccinations are "bad science" ?
God made us to tend a garden and to function as caretakers for the world. This is really what we were meant for. Thank you!
I so much believe this is one way to solve the earth's problems. Let everyone be involved in food production creating food forests.
"In fact we, Humanity, can be the most beneficial element on this planet." -- so true...
So not...
I wouldn't agree to that going by our track record.
@@kishinchhabria That's why he says can be. We haven't, but we have the potential.
Food Forest is like a heaven depiction in scripture
Amen
Garden of Eden?
Walking around naked
Sorry. Gag. Wish someone would actually explain or point out HOW food forests MIGHT WORK. Scripture?
@@stormysampson1257 WTF. Did you click the video, mute it, then scroll down to comments???? I'm so sorry but I'm not sure how a 13:11 video (with a detailed video summary description) ABOUT food forest doesn't answer that question. Wow. SMH.
I have a12 year old garden fruit forest. One important part of the system is you! Picking fruit...grazing...appreciating and ensuring the forest biodiversity is optimised.
Yes picking becomes a major part of the action.
Under trees no light, you not grow vegetables.
@@lucd9080 This is the most obvious NEGATORY POINT in Food Forests. These people are cult members who have absolutely no background with which to challenge this silly Food Forest and Permaculture! None. You Mr. Luc have stated the most obvious reason food forests are simply silly. Thank you oh so very much. You are a thinker, not a follower. Huggs.
@@stormysampson1257 If you knew more about Permaculture you would know that Food Forests are mainly about trees. Your vegetable production happens closer to your dwelling (in zone 1). So before you ridicule people, make sure you know what you're talking about. Otherwise you're just showing your ignorance on the subject. Makes *you* look silly!! Huggs.
Me too (16 year) 🌳🌲🍄🌈🌸👌
Jeff. You are an inspirer, watching Your Works and Love for nature. You turn the thinking of mankind awakening to a new Life. Thank you and God bless you many years of life. Your learning, like mycorrhiza, sits in your head and pulsates all the time for development. Your simplicity will conquer the mind. Thank you.
The best moment to plant a tree was 20 years ago. The next best moment is now!
Chinese proverb.
Great
Great marking quote.
You can solve all the worlds problems with a garden...
So true, so simple, so healthy, so much fun. Thank u Geoff Lawton.
I have my own 4 year old foodforest in front of my place. It has miraculous abundance.
Now I am ready to get one or more started for the community.
I hope for many more in the future.
I have the feeling that now more people than ever are ready during this time of "the virus"
World leaders and the intensive farming brigade should to be sat in a room and forced to watch this. Geoff's bang on the money with this.
So many RUclips channels preach about permaculture food forests despite not understanding the true dynamics. Geoff Lawton explains it all as a true master, as someone who truly understands the ins and outs. Also, the part about the nitrogen fixers and how this truly works is essential. It’s not just a simple matter of throwing a couple of nitrogen fixers and dynamic accumulators in the soil. It’s all about how to release that nitrogen and how to take advantage of dynamic accumulators.
I never hit the subscribe button so hard. Listening to this guy along with watching the sublime footage and crafty animations makes me feel very content and educated.
This video made me emotional. Didn't know permaculture was this great. This is so inspiring
This dude is what you get when you put a philosopher and an environmentalist into one, bio harmony.
Всем привет.) Благодарю тебя Джефф.)
how has this video only have 117 thousand something views???? it should be a minimum of a billion!!!! Spread the knowledge
God bless this man, for sharing his wisdom.
Vous êtes Formidable!!! Merci pour le partage et la traduction Française,merci pour l'espoir que vous apportez,merci de l'aide que vous nous offrez;) Peace,Love and Forest Food^^
I watch this video almost everyday to motivate myself.
I was soo late to realize this great man in this universe "Geoff Lawton" - thank God I've found him now.
Thank you, Geoff, for all the advises and beautifully done videos -I appreciate all the team members behind this and with him - Sreehari Nair
I don't understand why those people thumbs down this informative & helpful video 🙁
Where has this channel been all my life??? My goodness your narrating skills swept me off my feet, your message is exactly what I've been missing!
Keep healing the world, Geoff!!! You deserve Hollywood fame, brother!
Absolutely love this. It’s my dream to have my own large successful edible forest that I can let the public walk and harvest what they want.
Great Newton. Am in Kenya and l want this too! Try it and share ideas!!!
European temperate climate food forest progressing smoothly in year five. Always inspiring, Geoff!
Den würde ich ja gerne mal sehen
Gibt ein kurzes Video und hoffentlich bald ein Update :)
never get bored of watching it over and over again
tremendously inspiring! may one day food forests be the cornerstone of modern agriculture
who in their right mind would thumb down this presentation?????
Thank you Mr. Lawton for everything you do. I also started a food forest about 10 years ago. Slowly but surely becoming self sufficient in a lot of fruits and vegetables.
Hi Permaculture Homestead, I'm also in USDA zone 8 in Southern California.
Maybe not in their right mind, but monocrop farmers?
They must’ve just accidentally clicked dislike because it just doesn’t make sense. This is an excellent video. So grateful to have found it!!
pauliewalnuts2007 were are you located I’m in riverside on 18 acres that used to be for thoroughbreds. Awesome there’s seems to be a couple like minded folks just in the first couple comments here in SoCal. Cheers
I'm in Palmdale which is in what is called Antelope Valley, NE of LA. It is in zone 8. So we are hot in summers , and cold in winters. Currently I have Figs, Grapes, Apples, Apricots, Nectarines, Blackberry, Fuyu Persimmon, Pluerries and plums. Olives, Mulberries of all types Pakistani, Persian Black aka Shahtoot, along with the small white variety. So lots is going on. I hope to get acreage, this is all in normal residential property.
Love to see that as well CaseHeads. I got tired of paying for food that tastes like cardboard so I decided to produce my own. from Broccoli, Kale and Collard greens in winter to of course tamatoes, peppers, and eggplants in summer. I dont pay for crap anymore.
Pre-Columbian peoples in all the Americas have done these type of forests for thousands years and respecting at the same time the natural ecosystem structure and functioning until the European colonization brought in monocultures impoverishing the soils, the ecosystems and the people. So it is good to find someone who is bringing this back…
People continue romanticizing history for political enhancement. A very poor way to make believe. All cultures had advantages and flat fails, one time or another. In the Americas was no different, so in Europe, Asia, Africa...
thanks as always, Geoff. THE most hopeful system on the planet🙏💕
I love permaculture, thank you Geoff.
The video that should be the most viral, it has to be seen by everyone
What an inspiring man. My wife and I have taken his lessons and started our own 3 acre organic farm. We are working towards creating our own food forest with our local wild medicines and crops in Zone 5A Canada. It's a lot of hard work, but the most rewarding and meaningful thing we have done in our lives
I'm in the same zone in southwestern Ontario. I'd be interested to know which plants you are using.
@@Undercoverbooks we're actually zone 4b, we moved North. Pretty much everything, even sub tropical crops like Luffa and Bottle gourds. 8 kinds of watermelons, 5 kinds of squash, couple kale varieties, carrots, 15 kinds of tomatoes, several lettuce and mustard greens, etc etc. Basically everything you can get at the grocery store, we have an heirloom organic version of 😊👍
@@codysaunders7348 Cool, thanks! I'm surprised watermelons have enough time to ripen. I've had luck with Collective Farm Woman melons, bred for short growing season.
You are so right. We can be the most productive and beneficial creatures on the planet. Excellent video. Thank you!
This man is a genius! An enlightened being!
The best video work/explanation I have seen to date on the subject. Going to share with local government leadership.
I will share with my local leadership as well - thanks for the nudge!
Great work, Geoff and editing team. Food forests have to be the most beautiful gardens in the world ...
Wow! This just made me well with tears, just gave me hope that humanity can still change and reverse the damage that we've done to Mother Earth. This is the way to go, food forest coming up!
I cried when saw this video, so beautiful.
I first got into a lot of fruit forestry because of videos like this. But just over 6 years in now, it’s been much more difficult than it initially seemed, still I don’t regret it. Humid tropics of Ecuador.
What happened? What kind of difficulties are you facing?
Does it have something to do with changing climate?
Imagine if all open space was food forests cultivated for the specific biome
One can only dream of such..💭
Sounds eden-like to me. My local authority are less enthused... work in progress.
i guess dinosurs will be back 😄
Will solve most of the world's problems
I don't think that's the point. This is great, but if all we do is this then we'll harm other systems. Open grasslands, or flower meadows will be just as important to help biodiversity. A lot to think about.
I just hope people with land realize this important gift that they have and make the most of it. Beautiful use case
The most informative Forest Garden I have ever watch. Im grateful that I have to find this channel. Bless you.🇸🇽
Geoff and Team, this is the best video I have ever seen from you (and I've been watching for over a decade). For starters the editing has kicked up a notch, seamlessly keeping you on point with the practical info. Next I am so glad you have been specific and clear about starting with non productive trees, that is the biggest thing I got wrong at first and that I see so many others do wrong as well. Thirdly I have a background in commercial art and the graphics is great too. Great work!
Agree! And great visuals!
What a spectacular lesson in how we can save the planet. I really am passionate about your videos and teachings. Thank you.
I’M BUILDING MY OWN AT FAM.’S FRONT & BACK YARD & SOON IN OUR LOTS IN THE PHILIPPINES . THANK YOU ALL & TO THIS MOVEMENT FOR INSPIRING US TO BE SELF-SUFFICIENT & NOT BE DEPENDENT TO FOOD CORPORATIONS. WE WILL SURVIVE DURING FAMINE ❤️❤️❤️
This is the only video on this topic that has actually help me to understand this complex and fascinating subject. Well done!!!
This is part of our future for sure! I love this idea and the animals get wild non-agriculture food for helping! This made me smile so big!!
Muscovy are my FAVORITE waterfowl. If they laid daily, I'd almost replace my chickens with them lmao. Such a lovely species. Good temperaments, excellent mothering skills, lots of meat, and so good at pest control! And they are soooo quiet.
Been watching you on my TV for quite awhile now that I'm watching u on my mobile im showing you some love and ringing that bell you gotta support Aussie and especially u as you are helping the world. Well done Geoff 🥰👍
Thank you Mr. Lawton for sharing! 3 years ago, I was looking for gardening ideas for our small urban garden. Your videos were very inspirational. We are constricted by the small size of our lot, material availability & affordability in the city. But 3 years later, I am happy to report that there is an increase in wildlife and improvement of soil life.
Just discovered your channel being referred by Permaculture Pimp Daddy, Billy. I’m planning to watch and save all of your videos because, you have tied everything together so well. I’m in awe of the wealth of information your produce. I’m just getting started homesteading and was seeking guidance for what to do, grow, how to’s and was to you for making this available in video format. I learn and retain more than by reading. You’ve made permaculture make sense to me.
I am developing food forests in OntarioCanada (StCatharines GardenCity) because of YOU, #GeoffLawton and TheCrews That Support this work . ThankYou for showing us a better way.
Beautiful! I love seeing mature food forests. Thanks for sharing.
Fascinating....... A vision of a possible future we could have.
One of the life changing videos I've ever watched... I hope many of us think of this kind of living (well...just hoping 😅)
I’m loving the information in this video! It’s easily digestible in small chunks, to build an entire ecosystem!
What he says at the end: "We can be the most beneficial element on this planet." I realized that recently, that as humans we have great power to do good, we can actually make the world more fertile and abundant than it was before we intervened. We can be a positive, constructive force, we dont have to remain a destructive one.
Year two in zone 6 in the U.S.A. Michigan. Joshua Zieba channel is largely inspired by the work you and Bill Mollison have done. Apples, pears, mulberry, peaches, many berries, grapes, herbs, potatoes, and lots of annuals at first. Cheers brother 😎.
Perfect way, too work with nature, not against! Greetings from the Netherlands zone 8A.
Amazing, beautiful words, beautiful picture, the only thing is missing is to have such a forest near by.
Let‘s make this beautiful vision a reality. Let‘s spread this information and forest everywhere. Let‘s make the dream come true.
I really wish everyone farmer would engage in permaculture as it would solve all our problems, I truly believe that.
Jeez, whoever you got doing your content is killing it lately Geoff. Wisdom of the old with the knowledge of the new 👌🏾 keep up the quality and content
Thank you Geoff Lawton! Because of you and the content you have shared my family and I are now in the process of building and growing our farm. This year we will finally be starting an area of food forest!
.... No words... Just THANKS. THANKS. THANKS, THANKS........
I don’t get why everyone isn’t doing this! This is literally the key to the future!
I just came across this.
I have a food forest as you call it.
My wife and I have been growing it for 9 years now.
Passion fruit is missing on the list.
This is very important as fencing and climbs into other fruit trees bringing bees to pollinate.
Great Video! I've been working on my food forest in Burbank, CA for the past two years, it's a much smaller space but we've maximized it as best we could. I love watching my fruit and veggies grow!
I’d love to come tour your place I’m in riverside but my girlfriend lives in Pasadena. I have acres of land in riverside that I am starting. Cheers
We humanity can be beneficial to this whole planet. We love your work
Wow! Amazing circulating system. Thank you for guiding us right way.
Fantastic job Geoff of explaining and presenting one of the cornerstones. The graphics and the quality of your videos as well just keeps getting better and better. Bravo.
Very jealous of your climate! Such a cool concept. 😁
Imagine studying with this person, god he is knowledgeable! I wish I had teachers like him, they make learn fast !
The ducks look so happy 😎
This is the world as it should be.
Currently researching native plants to my area. Thanks for all that you do Geoff.
I was searching for information about permaculture in Australia as I am a student from India. This video is simply amazing and useful to beginners and I am very glad to have this video. I appreciate your research and contributions to the world of nature Geoff. Hats of. My mother wants to grow a food forest in Hyderabad, India. She came to Melbourne. Can we visit your food forest sir? She is staying here in Melbourne for two months and wants to learn about permaculture course. please guide us.
Finally a video that really made me understand permaculture
Prophetic in it's message. Replenishing the planet.
I'm about to start growing my own permaculture food forest in Western Australia in the dessert. You're videos are a awesome resource, you have a lot of great knowledge thanks for sharing it with us.
How big is ur plot? Is it literally desert? How much did it cost? Whats the cheapest lands cost in Australia?
might want to reference jay barringer, shamus oleary, vegan athlete if u arent already familiar with their designs
@@danielgorzelniak3209 1800 acres all up, cost about $150000. It's just on the edge of the desert, gets over 50 degrees Celsius in summer and drop's below zero at night in winter. There is a lot of cheap land around over here, a mate bought 3500 hectares for $150000
@@HFTL666 thanks mate I'll check them out.
Josh Gannon are you using any professional designer, or specific sources for info, planning etc. I am in WA 1hr north of Perth and would be interested in any contacts if you have them. Tks.
I really want to create a food forest and I'm just at the beginning, I live in the Mediterranean. Thanks for this inspiring, informative video, I loved it.
I feel the same way.
I am so excited about this and I want to get started.
Looking for people to do it with.
I Live in South Florida. Perfect climate. I am ready to go.....
In fact I have a tiny food forest that i started 3 years ago and it works miraculously. Now I need a bigger place to play in.
Help.
I finally have the means to purchase property. It will be 100+ acres of very arid Colorado land. I will be using everything I see on these videos for the remainder of my days to improve the land as much as possible to pass on to my son. Thank you. Information is power. You are a serious power generator.
Absolutely brilliant Geoff ! Love from Sri Lanka.
This video came at a good time, I was trying to explain food forests to a group of friends at dinner, and I didn’t get much further than a perennial system modeled after a forest. Great video Geoff! I like the music!
dw man.. i would have been interested.. you dont need those people all they do is bring u down.. haha
A Perennial System...is possibly a far better label than Food Forests. I have been trying to research this Food Forest thing and this is the first time I've heard something that makes sense. I still have a tough time imagining food out of some 'forest' where the trees are tiny, or the trees are huge blocking the light from anything that needs it beneath the trees. Otherwise, I've not found ONE SINGLE explanation that makes sense in a gardener's world.
Stormy Sampson Thanks, that’s true: I think the forest aspect refers to fruit trees and other useful plants. Our main crops like sweet corn, tomatoes, cucumbers, etc. or what ever else you like to eat, are planted in smaller backyard style patches: a row or two of corn, with a nitrogen fixing ground cover.
@@stormysampson1257
A perennial system is different than a food forest, though. Perennials are herbaceous. 'Modified intensive' might be better.
Took an online permaculture course and a lot of people kept getting confused on important bits. This included people with organic and conventional hardening backgrounds. Think referring them to (Permacultural?) Design Magazine, which is printed in the US might help.
I try to explain it every chance I get. Once you get it, it is eye opening...
@@stormysampson1257
A perennial system is different than a food forest, though. Perennials are herbaceous. 'Modified intensive' might be better.
Took an online permaculture course and a lot of people kept getting confused on important bits. This included people with organic and conventional hardening backgrounds. Think referring them to (Permacultural?) Design Magazine, which is printed in the US might help.
I try to explain it every chance I get. Once you get it, it is eye opening...
Great animations alongside your words . really good you give us all hope & inspiration thank you so much
I'm always inspired when I watch Geoff's videos. Thanks for your wisdom Sir.
Stefan Sobkowiak recommended me watching this.. so here I am. Glad I came.
I did your online PDC in 2015 and it was a great experience.
Thanks for your continued work and inspiration!
Post the link here please..
Excellent video. Great explanation and information. Thank you again.
This is the best thing I've seen in years. What I've been dreaming of all my life. Thank you for all this valuable knowledge!
The cycle starts with supportive species and ends with productive ones. That's awesome. The problem is it takes decades at best, especially in temperate climates.
Great quality and explanation Geoff!
Thanks Curtis.
B. Vvv
"Your classic Mango" beautiful.
@@DiscoverPermaculture Canada NEEDS you two gentlemen to meet with Maxime Bernier. I've never been so certain of anything. With the temperature of geopolitics today, Canada could be the one to debunk the climate hysteria produced by our leader and show the world the Food Forest at the same time. A complete shift in the way people think. No longer afraid of the environment, but empowered by it.
Wow I could go on and on. I'll be using my brithday wish each year for this meeting of you three (even Zoom) until it happens lol
Cheers to you both!
James