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IVY-MIKE -- FIRST HYDROGEN BOMB TEST
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- Опубликовано: 7 сен 2009
- A scene from our PBS documentary "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb" (with perhaps a bit too much information on how to build your own hydrogen bomb.) (Complete hour-long documentary available at www.foolishearthling.com)
What I find most fascinating is all of these steps to make it all work happens faster than you can snap your fingers. The engineering required to plan all this out to the millionth of a second is amazing.
I think these bombs are beautiful. I might be crazy, but I have always had a wierd fascination for nuclear and thermonuclear bombs. So much amazing science behind them, and the reaction happen in less than a second. They are scary beautiful.
@@drutt1985 Billionths of seconds actually. It could happen billions and billions of times before you could blink just once. I do agree....that is absolutely fascinating. Imagine what else we could accomplish if we still funded science like they did to get the bomb made.
The scary thing is.......nowadays with modern technology.......they're small enough to be carried in the back of the average pick up truck......and have the power to obliterate a large city.
@@Russ9782 modern thermonuclear cluster rocket can destroy a whole country.
Ever read a book called "Dark Sun" by Richard Rhodes?Absolutely brilliant.
Just "a few dozen" neutrons released when the primary was triggered started a 10.4 Megaton blast. That is an amazing fact about how powerful these chain reactions can be.
yes when you multiply numbers like that after a few generations you have a very big number
“Dr. Teller’s Very Large Bomb” - understatement of the century lol
Teller had nothing to do with that bomb, only with the original concept of how to build a hydrogen bomb. In fact, Teller was pouting because the director of Los Alamos refused to put him in charge so he left the lab and went to Berkley and said the bomb would never work. Without Stanislaw Ulam and a couple of other physicists, the hydrogen bomb would not have worked. Teller's original bomb design would not have worked. Teller's "alarm clock" design, much like the Soviet's "layer cake" designed by Anrei Sakharo, would have worked but with much less efficiency.
@@buckhorncortez ..
Dr. 'Very Large (Ego) Bomb'
Seems nothing will ever, in all human endeavors, be as big as that.
"...momentarily creating every element that had ever existed in the Universe, and a couple of more besides."
Things you never hear people say. Must have been fun to narrate that line!
I doubt that it created anything heavier than iron though, as it was recently discovered that it takes colliding neutron stars to do so.
'couple more besides' were basically discovered at the bomb site later on and were named Einsteinium and Fermium.
Except that it didn't happen. Some traces of heavy man-made elements created by neutron addition but the fusion part was a chemical reaction more than anything, the lightest and simplest you can do. Two hydrogen isotopes combine to give helium nuclei. The momentarily creating every element part, is total nonsense worthy of Star Trek and misses the of the simplicity of what was happening. A lot of effort, design and extreme condtions needed, but a very simple idea.
About some inter-relational theory of these concepts. Being well and clear with communicational science in society, is what is needed for safety standards to best endure, I believe.
@@ylette Yeah...the energy of a Supernova I doubt is in a Hydrogen bomb.
My father was a chief in the Navy and witnessed that test and a couple of others. Whenever he would talk about them his eyes would go far off and he'd say "You can't imagine. It's something you would have to see for yourself to really understand it."
Even with a doctorate in geophysics I know he's right. I can't imagine what it was like being there.
No doubt. I live in NM, we moved here because back in the 70's & 80's my dad was an engineer working on missile design. (the LosAlamos program moved to Albuquerque after WWII) Several of my friend's parents worked on warheads and have seen bombs go off. They all said it's amazing.
I have never seen a detonation but I have seen a few test launches of ICBM's and just that is awe inspiring. I think part of that is just knowing it's the same missile that would carry nukes in a real launch. Just seeing a test launch from several miles away somehow made the cold war a little more frightening.
Let's all hope we don't ever have to witness a hydrogen bomb going off 'live'... as part of a nuclear war. These are mankinds most 'spectacular'... but also arguably mankind's most terrible weapon ever developed.
@@davidhenningson4782 No doubt. A hydrogen boosted bomb is an entirely different level.
That thought is amazing and frightening at the same time.
The original Los Alamos scientists already knew ways to make bigger bombs. They knew what they were doing was just opening that door, stage one, and more powerful bombs would be developed very rapidly.
I have been to Trinity Site, I can't imagine what they felt when they turned theory into reality.
@@shananagans5 humbling and awe inspiring to be a physicist, working there, back then I'd imagine.
Everybody talks about what it looked like, but what did it sound like!?!? A unbelievable loud crack, then earth moving rumbling?
It's fucking insane to think of how complex the science behind this bomb was and it was made in a time when there wasn't even computers! Mind-blowing!
They had computers just not the kinds we have today
Early computers 1950-1970
ethw.org/Early_Popular_Computers,_1950_-_1970
the Korean War was on at this time
Sam Fitton Actually, fission is just bringing a fissionable material to critical mass fast enough to make it explode. Fussion is just either a tank of frozen hydrogen or hydrogen bonded to lithium metal and wrapping that with uranium and sticking a peice of aluminum shaped in a way to focus the xrays on the tank.
Its easy to build a bomb, it takes years and tons of money to make the heu or plutonium nevessary to make it work.
Any decent physicist with the required materials could build a working bomb. Only problem is it takes millions of dollars to make the materials in large enough quantities to make large bombs.
In thermonukes, the radiation isn't focused. You can't focus x-rays as they don't undergo specular reflection. Instead, they're absorbed by a material, heated, and then re-emit xrays as thermal black body radiation. This results in the establishment of local thermodynamic equilibrium inside the radiation case.
Many years ago, when the net was a squalling young thing, I came upon a very detailed text description of how these devices work, the various interactions with the components and the atmosphere, etc to enhance the effects. It was both fascinating and very frightening.
if you wanna be really technical it wasn't until the Castle bravo explosion three years later, the fallout from that blast poisoned a Japaneses Tuna ship, killing one man, The Us actually paid japan 15 million dollars as away of saying "Oops, sorry." and it planted the idea of a rampaging Dino in Toho producer Tomoyuki Tanaka's head.
@TheRenaissanceman65 The first practical Thermonuclear bomb. Ivy Mike was the proof of concept that hydrogen flu could be used to create a Fission bomb, but it was considered a "Wet" Bomb because it all this extra shit hooked up to it that you normally see attached to a Saturn Five Rocket. With Castle Bravo they found that an isotope of Lithium could be the hydrogen flu source. The snag was that it worked too well, instead of a 7 megaton blast they got a 14 megaton boom. As a side consequence of Castle Bravo, Godzilla was created.
@TheRenaissanceman65 He was referring to the idea of Godzilla being created, nowhere did he claim it as reality. Hence why in his first comment he said "and it planted the idea of a rampaging Dino in Toho producer Tomoyuki Tanaka's head".
When I saw diagrams on google images, I thought it was the size of a fridge. 2 stories! Christ!
Not a deliverable bomb but a physics experiment.
Thanks again! I was the producer/writer/director of this film. The full version can be purchased through our website. RUclips won't let me include the link in this reply but if you google Foolish Earthling Productions and follow the links through Past Projects (it might also be available via the Gift Shop/videos link) you should find it.
Thank you. It was well-paced and had new angles on things.
I'm watching because my dad was there. I recently found out about it. I knew my dad was in the navy, he joined at 17 years of age. I also love the band Operation Ivy.
One if the biggest points that some people miss about hydrogen bombs is that they have an atom bomb as trigger inside. I'm glad this was mentioned here within the first minute.
It is. It's possible that point isn't fully clarified in this clip, though it's dealt with thoroughly in the longer film from which this is culled. That said, it's a bit more complicated than that. The Teller/Ulam design (Ivy-Mike was the prototype) used a fission bomb to compress deuterium and tritium (two heavy isotopes of hydrogen), initiating fusion. The fusion triggered secondary fissions in the device's uranium casings. The resulting weapon is known as a fission-fusion-fission design.
The fission detonation that triggered the secondary fusion-fission reactions was not measured (nor could it be in the flurry of activity that occurred in those first few millionths of a second.) However the primary stage used in the Ivy-Mike device was an upgraded Nagasaki-style Mk. IV fission weapon with an expected yield of around 20kt.
I love how its primer is basically the bomb we dropped on Nagasaki.
Yep, and then the other 9.5MT detonates
estebanquito356 ...the other 10.48 MT even...
@Lance L. The fast neutrons are coming from the fusion process, not the fission primary
@@cathughes9212 I love smart females. I'm looking for one.
"I love smart females. I'm looking for one." Then maybe you should take a trip to Hollywood. There are nothing BUT smart women there. At least that's what Hollywood says ...
Michael, I did find your website and just placed an order for the dvd! I'm looking forward to checking it out in it's entirety. You were extremely fortunate to have interviewed Dr. Teller! What is amazing is after all these years and advancements in technology, thermonuclear weapons are still engineered almost exactly they way he designed them, before Mike was even tested. Main difference now being smaller size and bomb weight-to-yield ratio (mainly due to a more compact primary). Thanks again!
Plutonium spark plug .
Thanks. We had a great deal of help. Of all the documentaries I've done over the years (closing in on fifty) I believe this is the one I'm most proud of. The film slowly emerged from a lifelong obsession (I was 10 during the Cuban Missile Crisis) and ultimately became a five-year production, with a lot of filming taking place between and even during other projects. (It took close to a year just to secure the interview with Dr. Teller - the last one he granted.) Let me know if you can't find it.
These videos are the best. The animation and narration really help when it comes to not only visualizing it, but actually comprehending what is actually occurring. If only a method existed of describing a millionth of a second existed. Would make for excellent real time understanding of a nuclear detonation sequence
Agree, the work is very good
Fascinating perspective. Teller watching and waiting on a seismograph 8000 miles away is amazing.
"its a boy" .....how can you not love Dr. Teller? Dude was an absolute mad scientist.
Born and educated in Hungary, just like Szilárd Leó and Neumann János and so on.
Indeed, only a mad scientist would seriously consider using nukes to excavate canals and harbors like he wanted to. In the U.S.S.R., they actually did it, but it never got off the ground in the USA. Operation Plowshare. "Just ignore the radiation, folks!"
It's doubtful whether Oppenheimer and quite a few other scientists "loved him" .
I mean, it's like loving the guy that invented mustard gas. Nukes are terror weapons at the end of the day. While scientifically impressive, it's pretty important to remember that these things were built for the express and specific purpose of mass-murdering innocent civilians. Not even military targets. Civilians.
He was serious dick to Oppenheimer by testifying against him in a hearing to determine if Oppenheimer should retain security clearance. His testimony in the hearing was the most damning against Oppenheimer because they had worked so closely together. Teller had multiple axes to grind.
All I can say is thank you for taking the time to address my issues and remaining so professional throughout even though I was clearly going out of my way to be a jerk. I'm sorry for being so rude to you, please keep up the good work.
The explanation of the detonation process is one of those moments that just puts you into a nerd coma.
Then you finally snap out of it and realize your eyelid has been twitching and there's a spot of drool on your shirt
Thanks! For some strange reason I can see this info at the top on the browser I am using now. It was not there before when I looked on my other computer..
From judging from this clip alone it seems you did an excellent job explaining everything in detail. Much more so than most other videos I have seen related to the subject. I'm definitely interested in checking out the full version. Thanks again!
So that’s what the narrator of every fifties and sixties educational film looks like. Nice to finally see him
Jeez, it was a big blast. Even all the way at Berkeley it hiked Teller's pants nearly to his neck!! : )
I'm laughing in 2019!
I am about Teller's age in this video. A very old man recently whispered in my ear that I would soon be receiving an e-mail telling me where I could buy pants with belt lines ranging to my breasts, and up to my throat. As an old man, this is how you know you have finally made it.
@@JCAH1,yep, I love your angle, sad but true, I'm pretty much at that stage in my life. But I'm going towards the suspender option.
And the shock wave continues to bounce around the world to this day. Just look at what it did to Jerry Nadler's pants!
Wow! This is a really useful, & diverting way to find out about future fashion stuff, & not thermonuclear warfare. Err.... JCAH1.... What's the name of that website again!
Excellent. I love science. Very cool stuff & great, interesting comments. Although I think thermonuclear weapons are insane & terrifying, I can't help but be fascinated by them. I was born in 71 & laid awake many nights in the late 70's & 80's Wondering if the volunteer fire Dept siren meant the end of the world. Scared the hell outta me. Anyway I enjoyed everything here. Video, comments & all. Thank you all!
Great video that takes us all back to a much more enlightened time.
Thanks much Robert. This was a film we worked on over several years, often between other projects. (It was a great relief when PBS picked it up.) I hope you have a chance to check out some of our other documentaries and series.
And yes, a few million degrees might almost be welcome on this frigid January night. (Okay, maybe not....)
This was a two-story test device, so a portable version was unlikely. If you're referring to the Soviet RDS-6 Sloyka (layer cake) design in August of 1953, that wasn't a full fission/fusion/fission device and thus not a true hydrogen bomb. However the Soviet Union did perfect a 'dry' (and thus deliverable) fusion weapon (RDS-37) in late 1955 (about a year and a half after the Americans managed to do so), kicking the Cold War into overdrive.
Yeah its not a full fusion device. Its only 5 million degrees as opposed to 10 million. Demand authentic Nuclear weapons or nothing.
@@roquefortfiles 100 million versus 300+ million
The layer cake had a creamy 100 million degree centre.
"Where in Hell is major Kong?!"
Yee Haa!
WOOOOOOOO!
Thanks! Yes, it was a multi-year effort, beginning with my 2002 interviews with Edward Teller and Hans Bethe - the last one either granted. We shot further material through 2005, when I wrote and assembled the final version. It was picked up for distribution and PBS broadcast in 2007 - one of the scarier runs between initial investment and recoupment, though by no means our longest. If you're interested the full one-hour special is for sale on the Foolish Earthling Productions website.
Out of all the books I have read, and all the movies I have seen concerning atomic bombs. I have never seen a diagram of the bomb or the bomb prior to detonation. Very rare footage including the dynamics of how it works.
absolutely amazing engineering.
I remember this day, 1 November 1952, very well.
Were you there?
Thanks for the subscription and your thoughtful and very astute comments. The full PBS doc is available via our website's 'Past Projects' page. (For some reason YT won't let me include the url in this reply but it's listed in the video description above, or you could google Foolish Earthling Productions.) Looking forward to further discussion.
@meronmotors Another great question. The refrigeration system was needed to keep Ivy-Mike's deuterium in a super-cooled liquid state, and was by far the largest part of the apparatus. The room temperature weaponized version was tested a couple of years later at Operation Castle-Bravo using a dry secondary (fusion) stage - no cooling required. At 15 megatons it was the largest H-Bomb the USA ever tested. (The USSR later tested one with four times Bravo's yield. They called it Tzar Bomba.)
Its unbelievable that all the fusion reactions occur before the plutonium bomb destroys the cannister
jason criss nah the shockwave is just to slow
The primary is an implosion device (a TX-5, a modified Fat Man), as almost 100% of all bombs tested have been. Plutonium is cast in spheres like any other metal; they just have to be careful with letting too large a sphere form. The neutron source was probably a small cyclotron. The cyclotron creates a flash of neutrons outside the implosion shell, and they fly right through the matter to the core.
The neutron source was concentric berillium spheres, plated with polonium 210 between them. The implosion pressure mixes the polonium into the berillium to form a spallation neutron source.
Wow what great footage and original interviews.
Trinity and Beyond: The Atomic Bomb Movie shows you all this and more.
I love this documentary especially the voice and music
How I stopped Worrying and learned to LOVE the BOMB!
Dr. Strangelove!
Yeeeeeee Haaaaaaaaw!
Id kove to come but whats,happened you see is the string in my leg is gone..
The what?
The string. I never told you gone shot off oh dear
Fun fact. That line was ad libed by peter sellers .
Slim Pickens' character would not have felt a thing when that H-bomb went off! Maybe a slight butt hole pucker!!
@dutchgoing I must again refer you to the experts, texts and documentation consulted during the making of "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb", as cited in the closing credits. I must also point out that the sequence you're critiquing occurs about 30 minutes into the film, whereas the fusion reaction is described in detail about two minutes in. (We certainly agree on its importance.) I really wish you would watch the entire film before attacking either its veracity or my comprehension. Over and out.
Thanks for the tip. Pete's the best in the business. I should have known he'd have it.
TY Michael, hope to see more.
Teller was NUTS. He "HAD" to stay in Los Alimos. He is "Dr Strange Love."
He was always seeking a challenge, from the 10 gigaton SUNDIAL backyard bomb, to miniaturized H-bombs that could fit on submarine launched ballistic missiles.
The guy to the left of the announcer on the USS Esstes looks exactly like Captain Mainwaring from the British sitcom "Dad's Army"!
Excellent post! By a remarkable coincidence (or maybe not so remarkable, given that Richard Rhodes was our primary consultant on "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb"), the very next sequence following the fade-out of this clip is a graphic comparison of the damage between the Nagasaki weapon and Ivy-Mike, using Manhattan for the former and all five NYC boroughs for the latter.
Thank you. We worked long and hard to get the specifics right on all the detailed explanations that went into "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb". It's good to receive such feedback from one who clearly knows whereof he or she speaks.
And as Dr. Teller suggested in our documentary, he felt that he met a very similar fate. Young Ms. Shelly (who was all of 19 when she penned what is arguably the world's first science-fiction novel) certainly understood the horrors, both metaphorical and otherwise, that stem from hubris.
Curious to know what you thought of the movie Oppenheimer? I thought it was a colossal bore. 3 hours of a Government hearing. And i was not remotely impressed with the detonation which looked nothing like the anger and furry of an atomic detonation and just looked like a truck full of napthalene. Which it was.
“Foolish Earthlings production” lol
I've studied nuclear issues for decades and remember having the same response to that comparison in Richard's book. It's been a while since we made the film but I'm pretty sure we used the very same photos he did to demonstrate the point.
Amazing stuff, absolutely amazing.
@TheZepmeister That's just one of the fun things fusion reactors (including stars and supernovae) do. All the atoms in the universe (and you) were created by fusing simple atoms together to make larger, more complex elements. A hydrogen bomb is,
essentially, a tiny, momentary star with such tremendous core pressures and temperatures that its debris remnants include all 92 naturally-occurring elements, as well as a few that can only be created artificially, like plutonium. Hope that helps.
Happy Birthday Ivy Mike!!
Great review of the chemistry and physics of The Bomb, thanks. Neat to think that the gold in my ring came from a Supernova explosion millions of years / light years ago and away.
Excellent book. As I understood it the point was to get enough fission happening to ensure that the fusion went off. They just needed enough fusion to be able to measure to be sure that it had happened. They set it off knowing quite well how much fission energy there would be and then were able to conclude that the extra was the fusion of the tiny amount of heavy hydrogen that had been sitting nearby in a glorified thermos flask.
In later configurations, Lithium 6 & deuterium replaced the cryogenic hydrogen fusion fuel. This improvement not only eliminated the need for refrigeration, but it also produced more neutrons which & as a result yielded more energy. Later on, the tamper-pusher uranium 238 around the secondary fission-fusion was replaced with lead in order to reduce the amount of nuclear fallout. But the lead tamper reduced the capacity of the bomb significantly. However, the Russians hold the record for detonating the biggest & cleanest bomb: Tsar Bomba. But I think that they were able to stage a second secondary. The ablation of both secondaries, so that you don't end up with a fissible-fizzle, is within itself a remarkable feat.
What is remarkable about building something that can destroy life on earth?
Suhas Pinnaka Its destructive power is not what makes it remarkable. It is the fact that we figured out how atoms work & how they are manufactured inside every star in this universe. We figured out how stars made the stuff that ended up making up you & I! That is truly remarkable.
Suhas Pinnaka This is was distinguishes the typical mind from the scientific one.
A typical mind will see only the finished product of the Manhattan Project; which was the atomic bomb.
But the scientific mind will think beyond that & see that the discoveries made throughout the Manhattan Project are the beginnings to other products that will provide knowledge & technologies for the betterment of mankind!
But that does not mean that the scientific mind cold-heartedly forgets all those who suffered from the atomic bombs.
On the contrary, we all grieve for them & are ashamed of what was done to them.
In the guise of scientific exploration people are doing some very stupid things.
A wise person would foresee the effects of their actions and direct their actions to the betterment of humanity. A stupid person succumbs to their egoistic minds, performs their actions without realizing the effects and grieve about the loss of life (any other damage for that matter) resulting from their actions.
Suhas Pinnaka Its all about tools for good or for evil. Knowkedge is a tool & so is a finished product of knowledge. The knowledge of matter, atoms' radioactive isotopes & the profound amount of energy locked up inside each & every atom; can be used for evil (as it is with nuclear weapons) or it can be used for good (as it is with electrical generation). Im confident that when Einstein discovered E = MC squared he was not looking for a discovery that would be used for evil. E = MC squared reveals many things about the nature of the universe; & 1 thing it shows us is that a little bit of matter yields a huge amount of energy! Within even the simplest atom there is the potential to release an insane amount of energy (thermal, electromagnetic & high-energy radiation such as gamma radiation).
Money is no different. Its power. Its a tool to do good, like donating to find cures for cancer; or for evil, like hiring a hit-man to "make that annoying, nosey neighbor of yours disappear"!
But wouldn't it be foolish if we all refused to have anything to do with money because we saw it as an "evil" tool? -That would be silly. The same goes for fusing &/or spliting an atom. We are & should be ashamed of the nuclear bombs. & we should never forget all the innocent men, women & children who were murdered by the Fat Man & Little Boy; or the innocent men, women & children who died & got sick by nuclear fall-out in Utah...we should never forget these people.
But simultaneously, we should continue to progress science forward with nuclear physics; that results with a positive influence for Earth.
I heard that Teller was trying to disprove the theory of fusion when he realized it was possible to create it!
And yet to this day no one has made a fusion bomb
@@shawnz5272 All the h bombs are fusion bombs. The Best example is the Tsar Bomb
@@mkpshur none are technically a pure fusion bomb. Its really a fission, fussion, fission reaction and not a pure fussion bomb. No one yet has figured out how to make a pure fussion bomb.
@@shawnz5272 True, but today you Can make an h bomb with a large porcentage of energy from fussion reactions.
Tsar bomb yield was a 97% ofrece energy from fussion reactions.
Oh my goodness, Dr. Teller was in my hometown of Livermore when the bomb exploded! I wasn't alive then of course but the fact that the man who created the h-bomb actually lived in my area.
Thanks Mr. Lion. I'm not sure if your initial comment refers to this brief excerpt or the full documentary from which it hails, but Richard Rhodes was a key contributor in matters both technical and political. As I made clear in the documentary's closing credits, this film would not have been possible without his direct help and participation, as well as his invaluable books "Dark Sun" and, of course, "The Making of the Atomic Bomb".
I know these weapons are exceptionally deadly to put it mildly but I also can't ignore that they're sort of pretty to watch as well.
One of the many things mankind has created that is beautiful to watch yet could be terrible to witness, like a hurricane viewed from space or the birth of a tornado. However, at least this creation, like many other creations, has a brighter side to it.
@@goosegg4653 What brighter side? The only "brighter side" to thermonuclear weapons is the fact they have to date never been used.
@@WG-tt6hk I'm not talking about thermonuclear weapons, but nuclear energy in general. It's better than most other ways of getting energy.
But yeah I'm glad we haven't used thermonuclear weapons, and I hope we never will. I was just talking about nuclear power in general.
Ikr, I'd like to see them light one off in full 4k today. Maybe NK should do an atmospheric test of an H bomb somewhere out at sea, and broadcast it around the world. Maybe even film it in 3d.
@@jonraybon8582 just one more test with modern cameras.
I really appreciate that! Yes, I grew up here and this town was literally built on space and defense companies. I guess that is one of the reasons I am so interested in things such as this. I actually have in-laws that were on the Von Braun rocket team and my father worked as an engineer on the Apollo program as well. I'll have to check out the Rocket Science doc sometime as well. Sounds like it would be very interesting!
Thanks for stepping in, Mr. Himmel. We've got close to 30 clips from our various science docs posted on YT and I do try to respond to most comments. (We did a Discovery Channel series on the Space Race a while back; You should see some of the 'theories' posted on the Project Apollo-related clips - the polite ones, anyway.) That said, we're in production on a new film at the moment and, with no pun intended, I just couldn't find the time or energy to deal with this one.
You're absolutely right, and I don't know how I could have forgotten. (Just old, I guess.) It was part of the micro-second photography series that strobe photography inventor Harold Edgerton was commissioned to shoot for the AEC in the early 50s. You can find it on his site (Edgerton Digital Collections) under 'iconic images' - "Atomic Bomb Explosion atop a Steel Tower in Eniwetok".
That was pretty excellent sleuthing. Thanks!
"Now I am become death. The destroyer of worlds."
Ah Oppenheimer quoting the Bible was it?
John Smith no the Bhagavad-Gita; which is hindu
Thank you Scott Robb, you are a very intelligent person. I at one time was deeply interested in Oppenheimer and the entire team at Los Alamos. How ironic was it that the Nazis through there completely idiotic way of thinking the aryan race was supreme cast out Mr Einstein who fathered the idea of the most destructive weapon ever seen by mankind. This to me proves the idea of a supreme race utterly ridiculous.
Scott Robb Which in turn is part of the Hindu epic Mahabharata.
John Smith It's interesting to note that it was Leo Szilard who explained to Einstein the process of an explosive chain reaction. Szilard remembered that visit well: 'The possibility of a chain reaction in uranium hadn't occurred to him, but as soon as I began to tell him about it he saw what the consequences might be.' Einstein later said, 'If I had known that the Germans would not succeed in constructing the bomb, I would never have lifted a finger.'
Thanks Clark. I'd love to speak with your dad and in-laws sometime. Rocket Science was a full 13-part series about the history of the Space Race. We covered activities at Marshall (and before it became Marshall) in several episodes. RUclips doesn't allow links in replies but if you click on the '38 videos' link next to my name above you'll find several excerpts from the series, including the clip "Building a Moon Rocket" from the Huntsville-based episode "10 Times Faster Than a Rifle Bullet".
A point (or series of points) made crystal clear in the full hourlong documentary from which this brief excerpt originates. Thank you for your comment.
I love them to show how-its-made. Need to update the wiki!
waaaaaaiiit, wait wait. 3:36 in the core, every element in existence was momentarily created? Did anyone catch that? That's fuckin insane
Along with a few new ones that nature, in her infinite wisdom, never thought of. That was also one of my favorite details while researching/writing the documentary from which this clip is excerpted.
Michael Lennick That's mindblowing. Also, very cool you worked in making this! So right now I'm wondering about cosmic explosions. I don't fully understand particle physics, but the way I see it, is in the H bomb there's a bunch of craziness going on... but in collapsing stars, isn't there enough energy and craziness to do similar kinds of stuff? Or is the bomb's organized structure something that natural processes simply can't do?
Pat Uszodi
As David Hill observes, it's a function of fusion - the joining of atomic nucleii to form new elements - something that can only take place under conditions of extreme heat and pressure such as are found in the cores of stars and thermo-nuclear detonations. Thanks too for your compliment re. our PBS documentary "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb". I was the film's producer/writer/director.
That's just bullshit! You can't make "all the elements and even more" by fusing deuterium and lithium, our own sun doesn't even make heavier elements than neon.
Bolshoy Moshchnosti Kanalnyy That's true, which is why the vast majority of heavy elements aren't forged in the cores of stars. There are far more powerful forces available (Supernovae come to mind) including some right here on earth. Where do you think plutonium and all other elements above atomic number 92 came from, short-lived though they may be? This almost throw-away tidbit was first cited in Richard Rhodes' book "Dark Sun: The Making of the Hydrogen Bomb". Rhodes also served as a technical adviser on this film, as did various physicists from the Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore national laboratories. (The full list is available in the closing credits of the one- hour documentary this clip hails from.) And not to be rude, but I suspect you need to do a bit more research yourself. Until then I'm always willing to debate these issues, though not in the tone you present. If you continue to express yourself with such language or hostility your comments will be banned from this channel. Despite the false impression the anonymity of the internet might convey you're addressing actual human beings, who work very hard to do their work both accurately and well. Please behave accordingly in future correspondence.
It said that a tiny amount of every single element that has ever existed was formed, however I thought the really heavy elements could only be formed from exploding supernovas...
we are talking about single atoms of stuff like Ununoctium
Actually I think they were slightly wrong in the fact that the super heavy elements were created immediately after the reaction took place, rather than during it. What happens is uranium nuclei from the fissioning U238 pusher started capturing neutrons to the point of a mass number of about 255. However these elements rapidly decay and probably only last for nanoseconds.
Also, the heavy elements created in the Mike explosion were the first man-made "synthetic" elements ever produced. We have produced many more since then, some as heavy as 290 or more.
*Actually I was wrong, the first truly synthetic element ever produced was technetium, discovered on radioactive cyclotron parts in the 1930's. After that the first to be discovered was Einsteinium and Fermium, which were created by Mike.
That's what a hydrogen bomb is - a very tiny supernova.
Hydrogen bombs derive their power from the *fusion* of deuterium and/or tritium (Two isotopes of hydrogen, hence the name "Hydrogen" bomb) to helium, regardless of the triggering mechanism. The Sun to which life owes its existence does the same thing. The internet is a wonderful thing - but sometimes you need to do a little reading.
The technical description of how this thing works could not have been more complex and briskly described. And the results are awe inspiring.
Basically, you need a Hiroshima bomb to simply detonate it.
@@roquefortfiles NOPE. A Nagasaki. And, even THAT is cumbersome. Modern fission bombs are of the "Swan" design, and are called "suitcase nukes" because of their portability.
I dunno. I think a lot of this stuff is redacted, and they lie about the Real design. I spoke with a guy who worked on a military base, and knows some of this stuff. "If you told me-you'd have to KILL me?"
"Yes"
@@drpoundsign atomic bombs are really pretty simple designs. Shaped charge high explodives surrounded by lenses . Implode a sub critical mass. Kblamo.
@@roquefortfiles But, we are also talking about fusion bombs here. And, the Von Neumann lenses are quite complex. You need a fast explosive surrounding a slow explosive to turn the shockwaves from convex to concave (so they hit the fusion fuel symmetrically. Nowadays, they use a Swan Device instead-only uses two blasting caps, but complex geometry with a "flying lens."
What’s hilarious about these, in the late 40s, they used to show atomic bomb blasts on TV, WITH COMMERCIALS.
I began writing "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb" with a very similar outlook. The interviews I conducted with Teller and Hans Bethe (the last either would ever give) didn't change my opinion per se, though they certainly expanded my understanding. I'd be very interested in your thoughts after seeing the film.
I think there is a very fine line between genius and total insanity and i think that Teller is well into the total insanity realm. And from what I've read a very arrogant fellow.
@@roquefortfiles Teller was an idiot. Ulam was a genius.
@@lidiahalama2354 Agreed. Maybe not quite idiot but egomaniac
"It's a boy."
@Olivierzz Thanks for your comments. This was one of the most difficult films we've ever done, though I have to admit that the toughest part of this particular clip was the Super-8 1950s-ish Halloween sequence, which was shot at our associate producer's house in early summer. (Ever tried to find pumpkins in July? We ended up having to make them.) I also must concur with your thoughts about the majority of today's politicians. My condolences for the brave losses your family has suffered.
The John Carpenter film "Halloween" was filmed in California, and they had a few bags of leaves that they kept emptying to make it look like autumn (fall), then they picked up the leaves again for the next shot/retake 😂
Actually the initiator is a small electronic device which releases a few neutrons to kick-start the chain reaction. The earliest versions were called urchins, and consisted of separated shells of polonium and beryllium. Located at the hollow center of the plutonium pit, the device was compressed by the implosive shock wave of the outer HE shell, causing the metals to react and release a few neutrons into the rapidly compressing plutonium core, initiating the chain reaction.
If I heard correctly the narration said "...million-degree x-rays outran the shock wave by MILLIseconds...."
Shouldn't that be microseconds? In one millisecond x-rays travel 186 miles--the x-rays liberated by the initial fission reaction would be a long way away even one millisecond.
Regardless, very nicely done.
They probably did mean that, I feel like milliseconds are too slow to outpace the initial blast wave.
The radiation arrived in microseconds, but the shockwave arrived milliseconds later. So it outpaced it by milliseconds.
Lots of "vacuum here" pointers in the diagram @ 0:16. Annoyingly the space where the xrays/shockwaves run along is just labelled "radiation channel". Who knows what's in there? I *think* this channel is one of the very top-secret bits, as it makes the blast do what's needed to fire off the fusion candle.
The radiation channel in old weapons like this was evacuated, with plastic liners along the walls.
You want it to be a vacuum to allow the thermal radiation to couple to the secondary as fast as possible. The polymer is required to act as a random phase plate to homogenize the photons, inhibit the high-z plasma ablated off the surface of the walls from ruining the transparency of the radiation channel, and most importantly, to provide the pressures used to implode the secondary. Ablation wasn't even discovered until 4 years after this test.
The ablation of the uranium would have produced pressures of under 1 gigabar, which is only enough to increase the density of the liquid deuterium by a factor of around 340. I've not done any work on fusion, but I can tell you that 25% of it fused at it took around 10ns.
Also shocks from the primary don't interact with the secondary.
Ivy Mike was not a bomb. It was a physics experiment. The first 'weaponized' fusion boosted, deliverable explosive was Sakharov's 'Sloika' or layer cake that compressed Lithium6 Deuteride layers within the tampers, not technically a hydrogen bomb, but a good bit hotter than a purely fission device. Ivy Mike was a hugely expensive experiment to see if the Deuterium fuel could even be made to fuse.
All true, though if your concern is the title of this posting I should point out that this clip is actually a brief excerpt from our one-hour PBS documentary detailing the full development of the hydrogen bomb. The film covers Sakharov's Sloika, Teller's Alarm Clock and, of course, Ivy-Mike, the actual title of this clip. The words after the dash are meant to aid search engines. We felt that "First Hydrogen Fusion Proof of Concept" might not do the trick.
roquefortfiles
We covered that comment by Richard Rhodes in the larger documentary, along with appropriate graphics. In fact it occurs just after the sequence excerpted here.
Michael Lennick
Ooh. Thanks. Ivy Mike is hard enough to process. Let alone imagining Tsar on NY. I think i read Tsar's fireball alone was 8 miles across. Most of Manhattan would simply MELT. Scary shite.
Most definitely. Not just scary, but the stupidest thing that the species has ever done. All of the top minds of their time, what a freaking waste of all that potential! Imagine what could have been accomplished had all of that been turned to a different purpose. Near-light engines on our way to Mars in days? The end of the use of fossil fuels? Concertos that teach children higher mathematics? The use of daydreams to illustrate the physics of the tesseract? Ouch! I think I hurt my brain!
*****
I agree. But genie was always in the bottle. Someone would have uncorked it eventually.
Hey, just glad you're feeling better. No hard feelings on this end. In fact I hope you do manage to see the full movie at some point. I'd be interested in your feedback.
cheers,
Michael
Thank you for such a bevy of well-rounded, info-rich comments and observations. Did you ever get a chance to see the full version of our 2005 PBS doc "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb" (from whence these clips hail)?
I've heard that the heat from Ivy Mike was palpable on the Estes some 25 miles away. Like somebody putting an electric heater on your back then moving it away. What would you say the ambient air temperature would be if you were unlucky enough to be 2 miles from the detonation point?
Looked like the sun landed on earth.
"...creating every element that has ever existed"
now thats based!!!
That's actually really stupid...
Excellent documentary. By far the best written history of the development of the H-bomb that I have read is Dark Sun, by Richard Rhodes. Not only the technical aspects, but the politics (both governmental and scientific). For a history of the Soviet nuclear weapons programs, Stalin And The Bomb by Holloway is outstanding.
this is the best video on youtube.
AWESOME that this great achievement occurred on Halloween 🎃!!!
tsar bomb : oh, that's cute
@meronmotors BTW, by coincidence we're transferring the Foolish Earthling Productions site to a new server this weekend so some of the links including DVD purchase links may not be working until the process is complete. If you've been having any difficulty ordering DVDs that's likely why. It should all be up and running by Monday morning. Sorry for any inconvenience.
ML
You couldn't pay me to face that direction for the first 10 seconds of it.
My dear brother was ON Enewetok as an Army Cpl. When this detonated. His army file was Red flagged and he DIED at age 62 from a mixture of several ailments. I hold those involved for my brother's untimely death.
My God who thinks up this shit. Terrifying yet awesome at the same time. The Tsar Bomba is my favorite, Mad scientists like this are rare.
"It's a boy!" Gotta love it.
Always appreciated, though I'm sorry to learn that our channel is so heavy. Certainly this topic is, though with Tom Leher's help, we tried to lighten the load slightly when discussing an even larger test (See "Tsar Bomba") You'll also find somewhat less explosive clips from some of our other films, specials and series on YT. Try searching for "Scott Crossfield Breaks Mach 2", "Manhigh 3", "Wally Schirra's Launchpad Emergency" or "Arthur C. Clarke - Alien 1.5". More laughs, fewer detonations.
2:17 Dark Sun is an incredible book, highly suggested. Made me realize the issue with building your own bomb wasn't the engineering, but obtaining the fissile materials.
Presumably, you also read Rhodes' The Making of the Atomic Bomb and the other two books of the series. All excellent.
@@puncheex2 Indeed.
Stanisław Ulam and Edward Teller rules.
They should frizzle in hell like Enrico Ferni,John von Neuman,Oppemheimer.
@@tobiaszmajewski6122 Jesteś głupcem.
first man-made sun small and short lived as it was. Wish we could harness fusion for peaceful energy
john o some of the operation greenhouse shots a year earlier ignited fusion..
Richard Feynman once said, "Fusion Power has been 10 years away, since 1948."
I think he said that in 1975.
@RafalsCom Thanks for pointing this out. Stanislaw Ulam's contribution (along with Dr. Teller's own attempts to minimize any reference to same over the years) is extensively covered in our film, "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb" (PBS 2007) from which this clip is excerpted. (You can Google our company, Foolish Earthling Productions, for more information about the full production.)
It's called "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb", and you should be able to find more info (including a purchase link) via the 'past projects' section of our company website, Foolish Earthling Productions. Check the video description (above) for the link to our site.
for the sake of all of us i hope this hydrogen bomb works , so we can stock pile thousands and one day blow up the world
Teller deserved a Nobel Peace Prize
Ironic, but true.
No. Teller was a fucking rat who helped sink Oppenheimer because the latter wasn't sufficiently stupid enough to think the arms race was winnable.
Potentially the arms race was winnable, just not by a single nation; consider humanity has had victory (at least for now). Had the arms race stopped prior to multi stage devices then I think it likely fission weapons would have been used to lethal effect again by now, most likely in a conflict between USSR and NATO. We now have to keep a bigger genie in a bottle but at least most parties are shitting their pants at its release.
......Hang on, I have just read Trump's latest tweet
Except the arms race was winnable. The Soviets went broke trying to keep up with the West... and then collapsed.
#16 Racing prick
They sure did. Nice catch!
No spoiler necessary for this clip, which details the first test of the Teller/Ulam hydrogen bomb design. The full one-hour version of "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb" (from which this is excerpted) tells the whole story, from Los Alamos and Hiroshima to the most terrifying days of the Cold War. It can be purchased through our website. (Which we can't list on YT but check the icon to the left. If that's too small to make out please Google Foolish Earthling Productions.) Hope to see you there.