I was just coming here to make exactly that comment. Fly safe, except that your home is a big blob of molten rock, so you're stuffed, however you fly. How much air and life support do you have in that thing, Major Tom?
This is a means of signing off in the video game Eve online that he used to play. He made a video about making the fastest spaceship in the game years ago, and I have followed ever since.
Always love your discussions over simulated models. Your ability to trim and bring down the complexity of what can be extremely complex topics and use a visual guide to add interest is fantastic. It absolutely empowers the veiwer to feel they've fully understood the topic and also know where they can look to understand more of what interests them! Of course it was what was great about the KSP days, but it probably works even better in your edited piloting videos
Can you imagine how different the history of Spaceflight would be if the Earth had rings today? So much of the stuff we take for granted just wouldn’t be possible without major changes in technology. Not to mention the goals we had when first going to space
If the rings were far enough away then space flight wouldn’t be too affected when going into LEO but there would be a range where putting spacecraft is unsafe. Also, Cassini flew through the less dense parts of Saturns rings so if Earths rings were like that , which they probably would due to less gravity, then it would be a little more safe
Yeah, fascinating to think about. Spaceflight would still be very possible, since the rings wouldn't likely exist below 1000km or so altitude due to drag. So LEO operations would be fine, and to escape you just need some inclination relative to the rings and aim properly. It would preclude some strategies we use though, like successive orbit raising. GPS wouldn't be viable. GEO orbit might be attainable with much difficulty and physical rock shields. Once there the relative velocity of the surrounding material would be very low, but getting there would be tough, requiring very high thrust for insertion. You'd have to launch into a GTO ever so slightly inclined from the rings, with the argument of periapsis exactly 0 or 180°. Then when close to apogee, burn hard to quickly match the velocity of the local ring material before your orbit intersects it and you start smashing into things. Another weird method might be to slowly spiral outward within the rings with an ion drive and just make the spacecraft very rugged and impact resistant.
@@therealcaldini Having rings doesn't have to instead of the moon, it could be as well as the moon. Saturn is a great example, dozens of moons and yet it currently has the most prominent ring system in the solar system. It might have made getting to the moon harder, as the flight path would have had to avoid the rings which would be in the same plane as the moon's orbit because of orbital dynamics.
the reason why most craters are circular is because they are caused by kinetic energy, not the actual matter impact angle. its like an explosion, that always is circular/spherical. IDK if that applies here, just clarifying
@@gasdive Can you even get a sub 15 degree impact angle on a planet with an atmosphere, and coming from a decaying orbit? My intuition would be that the loss of energy on the final orbit would be enough to put you above that.
@@kukuc96 yes. If it's big. There's a video from the 1980s of a big object that came in at such a shallow angle that it went back into space. You can see it travelling parallel with the horizon.
Which is more likely to give you a true understanding, some careful measurements based on crumby data, or an inspired visualisation which works pretty well?
@@rogerstone3068 a visualization bssed on most accurate data and most accurate models :-) That would be good :-) Yes, sure, we also take a reasonable compromise. And that's what we got anyways.
@@TeeBar420 Yeah, mined out and chewed up to make a huge counter-weight station for the orbital tower that extends from Deimos down to a point near the Valles Marinaris. We just gotta figure out how to tweak Deimos' orbit just a skosh so its areostationary above the point we want our beanstalk's ground-station. 🤔
If I remember correctly, some hyper velocity impact studies showed that the impact angle does not have much of an effect on the shape of the crater. The crater tends to be round regardless of the impact angle.
Thanks for a thoroughly interesting video. However, I don't buy the argument that the Moon would have a lot more impacts if it were responsible for redirecting several asteroids towards Earth. The amount of space around the Moon where deflections could take place is surely much larger than the surface of the Moon itself, so, statistically, you could have perhaps twenty redirections for every one direct or glancing hit. Just a thought. ;-)
I knew rings were a possibility on Mars’ future, but that’s really interesting that it mights had them in the past too. Must have been a heck of a sight.
Are galaxies normaly simulated with tiny mass bearing objects with all the interacting forces? Because in 7:01 it looks a bit like a galaxy. I thought that this might explain the speed at the outer parts, due to gravitational pull which is increased in the spiral arms.
I didn't know any of this (mark time). Thank you for the gray matter expansion (GME). You RoCk. Cheers from So.Ca.USA 3rd house on the left (please call before stopping by)
Couldn't both Phobos and Deimos or either of them separately be formerly part of Mars (after a large impact on Mars) instead? That would explain their tight orbits. Or am I wrong?
There is also the possibility that an Asteroid passed within the rings, throwing alot of that debris down to the Earth causing all those collisions. I'm not sure how or even if you could test for something like that since it was so long ago though. Great video as always!
How does this work with the fact that mars changes its axial tilt drastically on short timescales (ie hundreds of thousands/millions of years instead of tens of millions)? Is it just an even faster process? Or was the tilt more stable when the moons were formed?
There have been several papers on the formation of our moon with a collision of a Mars sized planet. One shows evidence of this collision in the interior of the earth through studies of seismic activities. Even geology augments this theory.
It's interesting since there are a number of other small craters similar in age to the other ordovician ones mentioned in the paper. Minnesota has one dated to late cambrian at the earliest (the pine bend impact structure) however it's in an unconformity much like Decorah Crater un iowa.
Thanks for an interesting video! I wonder how the Mars's ring idea fits the other idea that Mars once in a while flips its poles and thus its rotation direction?
Could those equator impactors have adjusted the tilt of the Earth? If so, then they may have impacted the Earth at sufficiently steep angles before the tilt changed to what it is today.
Just curious……what space missions and what part of the flight (ascent or descent) subjected their astronauts to the highest g-forces? I’m thinking that it would be during the descent phase but I really don’t know….and I bet that Mr Manley knows full well……
Good stuff, Scott! Fascinating idea that Earth may have had rings. If indeed there were, and have since dissipated, does that mean Saturn's rings may also dissipate in a billion years or so?
Is there such a thing as elliptical craters though? I thought that it didn’t matter at what angle an object struck the earth, the crater is always circular?
I feel like another possibility is that Phobos and the other moon were actually one at one point thqt got impacted to create Phobos knocking the bigger moon's orbit to leave mars while the Phobos chunk takes a deteriorating orbit
10:50 How could we possibly know whether or not the moon has any craters from the same time period as our own? We’ve not researched the moon nearly enough to know that. Especially the far side of the moon…
What material were the meteorites that the geologists found? I didn't quite get it from your video, and if it's something sturdy like iron, it might allow for bigger chunks to survive below the Roche limit and survive reentry enough to leave a crater Kinda like how skyscrapers on earth survive below the Roche limit
I believe that no individual meteorites have been identified. Most of the material would have been vaporized in the atmosphere or upon impact. The scientists who wrote this paper are attempting to explain 21 known impact craters beginning at about 466 million years ago. The sediments during this time are enriched with elements found in chondrite meteorites. This is similar to the iridium-rich layer that was deposited at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary by the Chicxulub impactor. But these smaller impacts from ring objects (or parts of the parent body which produced the rings) are spread out over time. The increase in crater-producing impacts spanned at least 15 million years, and the sediments show a peak with a gradual decrease over 40 million years. The sediments quite possibly include many smaller events which left no craters. This might represent orbital decay of the ring system.
Considering how we've observed comets being torn apart and crashing into Jupiter, I am guessing a moon has to be quite massive to turn into a ring around a Jupiter-sized planet or like Saturn (which I assume spins much faster, keeping its rings somewhat intact).
Unfortunately probably not short enough by human standards. Also we would probably still keep launching stuff into space and thus compound the issue. I suspect Kessler Syndrome is an issue we have to actively solve, instead of relying on time and Earth itself to do it for us.
Wouldn't most asteroid impacts be around the aquetorial region anyway, since earth's aquetor and orbital plane is roughly aligned with the solar plane?
Debris can impact at surprisingly shallow angles and still produce roughly circular impact craters. Someone was measuring impacts with steel balls into sand at around 6 km per second in a laboratory a few years ago to show that effect. I forget who it was, but there are videos on YT to show this research.
Collecting samples from Phobos? Great idea, as long as they don't find any _Anomalous Materials._ We don't need a _Phobos Anomaly_ down here right now.
Wouldn't the proximity of Mars keep these asteroids in check so they wouldn't be all over the place? 6:55 I would think that if Mars two moons came together like this. That they would be more like dust-balls. Like the one NASA landed on to take a sample. These two moons seem like there gravity would not be strong enough to harden them like they are. They seem more likely to have been apart of a large object. 8:33 I am now wondering if the Earth will have a ring made up of space junk? Seems only natural that this would happen over time. At the start of your video, I got an idea that we could use the gravity of a planet to breakup an asteroid so we could sort it out for mining. This would be really useful when dealing with class M asteroids. As it will clean off the rock and let us to get to the iron core. Thanks for that.
What about the Kesler syndrome? Can we look forward to a time when we can look up on a moonless night and see a faint ring of satellite debris circling the earth?
You’re right that Mars has been hit by many impactors but it’s very hard to explain how both moons have circular, not elliptical, orbits right over the equator that way. (Our Moon orbits in the ecliptic, not equatorially.) One moon orbiting over the equator in a circular orbit? Very unlikely but possible. Two moons like that? No way.
Thanks, Scott! I read about this on Fraser Cain’s _Universe Today_ website and find it fascinating. Hopefully, when when JAXA’s MMX mission returns samples from Phobos we’ll have a better understanding on the origin of Mars’s moons like we did about our Moon after Apollo.
So, could this be described by saying we are here to observe a slow portion of the millions of years long dance between Mars and its satellites but it will speed up again, eventually?
incoming objects will always collide with and gather more and more solar wind, the closer to the sun the more it collects slowing it further -gaining more mass for gravity to grip an it's way outwards (where solar wind follows the sun's magnetic fieldlines planets occur)
So a couple of hundred of million years would be after the moon. Wouldn't that have help to prevent the ring ? Also if there was a ring wouldn't we have a few 0.001% of the rocks still around ?
We will have a dust ring around the Earth pretty soon. Elon Musk will take care of that with some help from the Chinese and especially the Kessler effect.
Wouldn't the Earth's atmosphere be a lot thicker back then? Would expect that to nix a lot more of the asteroid's lateral velocity than it would today.
Put your name forward, Scotty, for the Dear Mars mission. Elon says he is sure this will be in 2026, and he wouldn't lie. Its a new idea he's come up with - sending a group of volunteers to land on Mars, then return to earth; all easy and very safe.
@@imaginary_friend7300It’s a joke. Musk said in 2012 that he would put people on Mars in less than 10 years. He’s notorious for making ridiculous predictions like that. For example, he recently said he’ll send people to Mars by 2030, which also won’t happen. Optimistically, it won’t happen until the mid 2030s at the earliest and more likely the 2040s.
I'm not sure we should consider unshaped debris around a small body to be a ring system. Rings are very thin, almost entirely planar, and as best I can tell require shepherd moons to form them, whereas this would have just been a decaying orbit that rained down over a brief 40 million year blip in Earth's history. I doubt rings around terrestrial planets are stable enough to appear anything as majestic as those around the giants.
I love us humans and our adorable rock obsession. Sitting around wondering how a big rock smashed into a much bigger rock millions of years ago, using rocks we tricked into thinking to help us figure it out.
This also made me remember that Saturn's ring won't be visible next year after November until 2032😢 Still a fun video and always imagining earth with a ring is cool
If Earth still had rings, they would be incredibly bright at "night" like living in a north-facing house, so Earth creatures including us may not have evolved to sleep for 8 hours.
In our lifetimes, how many asteroids have had paths that go near the Earth? I can think of at least one or two that came by within the orbit of the moon. My point is: If the Earth had rings for 40 million years, then, surely we could posit a few times where an asteroid flew by and disrupted those rings. No?
"Fly safe" as a sign off with a a graphic with a molten earth and an equatorial ring is amusing for reasons I can't quit explain
"Safe" as in "pasteurized."
More like "Fry Safe"😉😁😈.
PhD level irony.
I was just coming here to make exactly that comment. Fly safe, except that your home is a big blob of molten rock, so you're stuffed, however you fly. How much air and life support do you have in that thing, Major Tom?
This is a means of signing off in the video game Eve online that he used to play. He made a video about making the fastest spaceship in the game years ago, and I have followed ever since.
"Who doesn't love the idea of standing on Earth and looking up and seeing a cool ring above your heads?"
Satellite operators.
Not if the rings were far enough away
angels
We will when kessler syndrome eventually happens, but we won't be able to share pictures with each other due to the Internet being shot to fck.
@@fastmclaren71 Most of the internet is connected through fiber cables, not satellites.
@knowledgeisgood9645 Everything is connected to a satellite somewhere down the line.
Always love your discussions over simulated models. Your ability to trim and bring down the complexity of what can be extremely complex topics and use a visual guide to add interest is fantastic.
It absolutely empowers the veiwer to feel they've fully understood the topic and also know where they can look to understand more of what interests them!
Of course it was what was great about the KSP days, but it probably works even better in your edited piloting videos
Agreed. Awesomely enjoyable.
I will never get tired of watching dynamical simulations of planetary collisions
Can you imagine how different the history of Spaceflight would be if the Earth had rings today? So much of the stuff we take for granted just wouldn’t be possible without major changes in technology. Not to mention the goals we had when first going to space
If the rings were far enough away then space flight wouldn’t be too affected when going into LEO but there would be a range where putting spacecraft is unsafe. Also, Cassini flew through the less dense parts of Saturns rings so if Earths rings were like that , which they probably would due to less gravity, then it would be a little more safe
Yeah, fascinating to think about. Spaceflight would still be very possible, since the rings wouldn't likely exist below 1000km or so altitude due to drag. So LEO operations would be fine, and to escape you just need some inclination relative to the rings and aim properly. It would preclude some strategies we use though, like successive orbit raising.
GPS wouldn't be viable.
GEO orbit might be attainable with much difficulty and physical rock shields. Once there the relative velocity of the surrounding material would be very low, but getting there would be tough, requiring very high thrust for insertion. You'd have to launch into a GTO ever so slightly inclined from the rings, with the argument of periapsis exactly 0 or 180°. Then when close to apogee, burn hard to quickly match the velocity of the local ring material before your orbit intersects it and you start smashing into things.
Another weird method might be to slowly spiral outward within the rings with an ion drive and just make the spacecraft very rugged and impact resistant.
If we had rings instead of the moon, what would they have raced to do in the 60s?
@@therealcaldini Having rings doesn't have to instead of the moon, it could be as well as the moon. Saturn is a great example, dozens of moons and yet it currently has the most prominent ring system in the solar system. It might have made getting to the moon harder, as the flight path would have had to avoid the rings which would be in the same plane as the moon's orbit because of orbital dynamics.
@@FireAngelOfLondon Yes, but what if we had rings *instead of* a moon? What would we have aimed for in the 60s?
the reason why most craters are circular is because they are caused by kinetic energy, not the actual matter impact angle. its like an explosion, that always is circular/spherical. IDK if that applies here, just clarifying
Scott did a video about that a few years ago too
@dotnet97 maybe that's where I learned it
Below 15 degrees they stop being circular. So most are, everything else being equal.
@@gasdive Can you even get a sub 15 degree impact angle on a planet with an atmosphere, and coming from a decaying orbit? My intuition would be that the loss of energy on the final orbit would be enough to put you above that.
@@kukuc96 yes. If it's big. There's a video from the 1980s of a big object that came in at such a shallow angle that it went back into space. You can see it travelling parallel with the horizon.
Outstanding explanation! Thank you!
Pleased to inform you that you pretty much nailed the pronunciation of Ordovician!
„not scientific, but most enjoyable to watch“ love that quote!
Which is more likely to give you a true understanding, some careful measurements based on crumby data, or an inspired visualisation which works pretty well?
@@rogerstone3068 a visualization bssed on most accurate data and most accurate models :-) That would be good :-)
Yes, sure, we also take a reasonable compromise. And that's what we got anyways.
I absolutely love this kind of musing! You're the best, Scott.
Hopefully UAC will have evacuated everyone from Phobos by then.
I wonder if the UAC has any relation to ULA…
It would certainly be the Doom of anyone left at the station.
I expect it'll be mined down to a grain of sand or converted into a massive station by then
@@TeeBar420 Yeah, mined out and chewed up to make a huge counter-weight station for the orbital tower that extends from Deimos down to a point near the Valles Marinaris.
We just gotta figure out how to tweak Deimos' orbit just a skosh so its areostationary above the point we want our beanstalk's ground-station. 🤔
I'm sure if the doom guy doesn't end life on that planet, this event will.
When the space junk issue goes out of control and there are a few major collisions, Earth will have Rings once again :D
Maybe a cloud initially...
A solar panel ring
If I remember correctly, some hyper velocity impact studies showed that the impact angle does not have much of an effect on the shape of the crater. The crater tends to be round regardless of the impact angle.
This is just so fascinating, thanks a lot for this one!
Thank you for the diversity of your thought bubbles!
Thanks for a thoroughly interesting video. However, I don't buy the argument that the Moon would have a lot more impacts if it were responsible for redirecting several asteroids towards Earth. The amount of space around the Moon where deflections could take place is surely much larger than the surface of the Moon itself, so, statistically, you could have perhaps twenty redirections for every one direct or glancing hit. Just a thought. ;-)
Great video, thanks, Scott!
3:00 I always wondered how asteroids were captured thanks for explaining
The new outro music is much better, good choice.
8:30 i suppose it's my fault for watching in a dark room, but going from a mesmerizing deep dark image to a static white document is very BANG CONES
My bad, took me five seconds to pause.
I knew rings were a possibility on Mars’ future, but that’s really interesting that it mights had them in the past too. Must have been a heck of a sight.
Edutainment at its finest. Thanks Scott!
Nice new outro music.
Very cool.
Btw: That switch from dark space to a white background was jarring
Beautiful way to start my Week
Bravo! 🎉 Am amazing video both highly educating and funny! 👍
Brilliant explanation!
Are galaxies normaly simulated with tiny mass bearing objects with all the interacting forces? Because in 7:01 it looks a bit like a galaxy. I thought that this might explain the speed at the outer parts, due to gravitational pull which is increased in the spiral arms.
SPACE SIM VIDEO LESGOOO
Hi Scott!
Fly safe!
I didn't know any of this (mark time). Thank you for the gray matter expansion (GME). You RoCk. Cheers from So.Ca.USA 3rd house on the left (please call before stopping by)
Couldn't both Phobos and Deimos or either of them separately be formerly part of Mars (after a large impact on Mars) instead? That would explain their tight orbits. Or am I wrong?
Thank you for the great video! Which software do you use for these animations?
There is also the possibility that an Asteroid passed within the rings, throwing alot of that debris down to the Earth causing all those collisions. I'm not sure how or even if you could test for something like that since it was so long ago though. Great video as always!
How does this work with the fact that mars changes its axial tilt drastically on short timescales (ie hundreds of thousands/millions of years instead of tens of millions)? Is it just an even faster process? Or was the tilt more stable when the moons were formed?
Are 3 bodies really necessary, or could capture happen via tidal drag by going the wrong way around a fast rotating planet?
There have been several papers on the formation of our moon with a collision of a Mars sized planet. One shows evidence of this collision in the interior of the earth through studies of seismic activities. Even geology augments this theory.
Yes. It's the Theia giant-impact hypothesis.
It's interesting since there are a number of other small craters similar in age to the other ordovician ones mentioned in the paper. Minnesota has one dated to late cambrian at the earliest (the pine bend impact structure) however it's in an unconformity much like Decorah Crater un iowa.
Thanks for an interesting video!
I wonder how the Mars's ring idea fits the other idea that Mars once in a while flips its poles and thus its rotation direction?
Could those equator impactors have adjusted the tilt of the Earth? If so, then they may have impacted the Earth at sufficiently steep angles before the tilt changed to what it is today.
Just curious……what space missions and what part of the flight (ascent or descent) subjected their astronauts to the highest g-forces? I’m thinking that it would be during the descent phase but I really don’t know….and I bet that Mr Manley knows full well……
scott, could you make a video on Universal Sandbox showing us how to set up cool scenarios and made give a class on the effects?
1:59 "We will see..."
I doubt we will, sadly.
Would you consider tackling Neal Stephenson's SEVENEVES scenario? I enjoyed the book, but the orbital mechanics didn't make sense to me.
Good stuff, Scott! Fascinating idea that Earth may have had rings. If indeed there were, and have since dissipated, does that mean Saturn's rings may also dissipate in a billion years or so?
Joe Scott has an awesome video of the views and consequences of a ring system
Is there such a thing as elliptical craters though? I thought that it didn’t matter at what angle an object struck the earth, the crater is always circular?
I think if it's moving slow enough that the impactor does the actual digging..
I feel like another possibility is that Phobos and the other moon were actually one at one point thqt got impacted to create Phobos knocking the bigger moon's orbit to leave mars while the Phobos chunk takes a deteriorating orbit
10:50 How could we possibly know whether or not the moon has any craters from the same time period as our own? We’ve not researched the moon nearly enough to know that. Especially the far side of the moon…
You mentioned a shallow entry would make a highly elliptical crater but didn't you have a video a while back explaining why craters aren't elliptical?
What material were the meteorites that the geologists found? I didn't quite get it from your video, and if it's something sturdy like iron, it might allow for bigger chunks to survive below the Roche limit and survive reentry enough to leave a crater
Kinda like how skyscrapers on earth survive below the Roche limit
I believe that no individual meteorites have been identified. Most of the material would have been vaporized in the atmosphere or upon impact. The scientists who wrote this paper are attempting to explain 21 known impact craters beginning at about 466 million years ago. The sediments during this time are enriched with elements found in chondrite meteorites. This is similar to the iridium-rich layer that was deposited at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary by the Chicxulub impactor. But these smaller impacts from ring objects (or parts of the parent body which produced the rings) are spread out over time. The increase in crater-producing impacts spanned at least 15 million years, and the sediments show a peak with a gradual decrease over 40 million years. The sediments quite possibly include many smaller events which left no craters. This might represent orbital decay of the ring system.
L chondrite is the material classification you're looking for. Very common but low iron + nickel content.
You had me at, "Destroying Planetoids."
Considering how we've observed comets being torn apart and crashing into Jupiter, I am guessing a moon has to be quite massive to turn into a ring around a Jupiter-sized planet or like Saturn (which I assume spins much faster, keeping its rings somewhat intact).
Wasn't there a suggestion years ago that Phobos, Deimos (or both) were the remnants of the impact that formed Hellas Planitia
Scott in the house!
So Kessler syndrome is a short-term problem, for certain values of "short."
Unfortunately probably not short enough by human standards. Also we would probably still keep launching stuff into space and thus compound the issue.
I suspect Kessler Syndrome is an issue we have to actively solve, instead of relying on time and Earth itself to do it for us.
Wouldn't most asteroid impacts be around the aquetorial region anyway, since earth's aquetor and orbital plane is roughly aligned with the solar plane?
When a game of “the floor is lava” gets way out of hand.
Ah yes, the early The Floor Is Lava period of Earth's history.
Debris can impact at surprisingly shallow angles and still produce roughly circular impact craters. Someone was measuring impacts with steel balls into sand at around 6 km per second in a laboratory a few years ago to show that effect. I forget who it was, but there are videos on YT to show this research.
o really, though it was just the results of arc discharge for those, got a video?
Yes. Most of the digging is done by the blast that turns the impactor to vapor which makes most craters round.
Collecting samples from Phobos? Great idea, as long as they don't find any _Anomalous Materials._ We don't need a _Phobos Anomaly_ down here right now.
Wouldn't the proximity of Mars keep these asteroids in check so they wouldn't be all over the place?
6:55 I would think that if Mars two moons came together like this. That they would be more like dust-balls. Like the one NASA landed on to take a sample. These two moons seem like there gravity would not be strong enough to harden them like they are. They seem more likely to have been apart of a large object.
8:33 I am now wondering if the Earth will have a ring made up of space junk? Seems only natural that this would happen over time.
At the start of your video, I got an idea that we could use the gravity of a planet to breakup an asteroid so we could sort it out for mining. This would be really useful when dealing with class M asteroids. As it will clean off the rock and let us to get to the iron core.
Thanks for that.
5:16 does this apply at Solar System scale? It how I figured our Solar System ended up so flat
4:00 my head cannon is that Aliens simply put those Moons here just to fuck with us 😂
New outro music?
What about the Kesler syndrome? Can we look forward to a time when we can look up on a moonless night and see a faint ring of satellite debris circling the earth?
10:29 Mayge the magnetism emitted from earth somehow affected enough of them to bundle up. From then it's either the moon or the earth.
Didn’t Mars get hit with a large impactor multiple times? Wouldn’t this be a better explanation for the Moons?
You’re right that Mars has been hit by many impactors but it’s very hard to explain how both moons have circular, not elliptical, orbits right over the equator that way. (Our Moon orbits in the ecliptic, not equatorially.) One moon orbiting over the equator in a circular orbit? Very unlikely but possible. Two moons like that? No way.
@ Two moons formed from the same impact. The simulations that Scott ran showed it is possible.
You pronounced "Ordovician" just fine. 😁
Thanks, Scott! I read about this on Fraser Cain’s _Universe Today_ website and find it fascinating. Hopefully, when when JAXA’s MMX mission returns samples from Phobos we’ll have a better understanding on the origin of Mars’s moons like we did about our Moon after Apollo.
Are they suggesting moon to disk to moon to disk is a cycle?
How much mass can we mine away from the moon before it significantly alters it's orbit and changes it's effects on the earth?
A LOT. Google the mass of the moon.
8:30 Give it a few hundred more years and Geostationary orbit might fill up enough to replicate this effect.
I didn't know the origin of "The floor is lava" was THAT old :P
I don't know why but i heared "... In 15 mio years, phobos will be an Elon-gated object ..." :-D
I'm sure the US will have their Elon-Gate pretty soon.
So, could this be described by saying we are here to observe a slow portion of the millions of years long dance between Mars and its satellites but it will speed up again, eventually?
hard rain?
incoming objects will always collide with and gather more and more solar wind, the closer to the sun the more it collects slowing it further -gaining more mass for gravity to grip an it's way outwards (where solar wind follows the sun's magnetic fieldlines planets occur)
So a couple of hundred of million years would be after the moon. Wouldn't that have help to prevent the ring ? Also if there was a ring wouldn't we have a few 0.001% of the rocks still around ?
So how exactly do you make an elliptical crater... asking for a friend.
Come in shallow and come in nice and slow. You need the impactor to do the digging not the blast.
@TheEvilmooseofdoom Yeah I don't think that's how it works.
8:35 Hmmm… Starlink is our ring hello ?!?
There are currently rings of debris around the Earth. The main difference is, most of it came from the Earth not exrta-terrestrial sources.
Fly Safe 🖖🏽
We will have a dust ring around the Earth pretty soon. Elon Musk will take care of that with some help from the Chinese and especially the Kessler effect.
Wouldn't the Earth's atmosphere be a lot thicker back then? Would expect that to nix a lot more of the asteroid's lateral velocity than it would today.
6:58 Kessler Gumball Syndrome😂😂😂
I want more on this subject Orbital mechanics is so fucking cool !!!
Doesn't "within 30° of the equator" equal 50% of Earth's surface?
Put your name forward, Scotty, for the Dear Mars mission. Elon says he is sure this will be in 2026, and he wouldn't lie. Its a new idea he's come up with - sending a group of volunteers to land on Mars, then return to earth; all easy and very safe.
He said it's sure to happen? Where did he say this exactly? It's not YOU are lying is it?
@@imaginary_friend7300It’s a joke. Musk said in 2012 that he would put people on Mars in less than 10 years. He’s notorious for making ridiculous predictions like that. For example, he recently said he’ll send people to Mars by 2030, which also won’t happen. Optimistically, it won’t happen until the mid 2030s at the earliest and more likely the 2040s.
I'm not sure we should consider unshaped debris around a small body to be a ring system. Rings are very thin, almost entirely planar, and as best I can tell require shepherd moons to form them, whereas this would have just been a decaying orbit that rained down over a brief 40 million year blip in Earth's history. I doubt rings around terrestrial planets are stable enough to appear anything as majestic as those around the giants.
I love us humans and our adorable rock obsession. Sitting around wondering how a big rock smashed into a much bigger rock millions of years ago, using rocks we tricked into thinking to help us figure it out.
bravoo "Fly safe"
I couldn't read the 'Earth and planetary science letters' because all the letters were orbiting also. Some illusion was at play. 😂
This also made me remember that Saturn's ring won't be visible next year after November until 2032😢
Still a fun video and always imagining earth with a ring is cool
Did anyone else mention that an earth with rings would probably still be in its Pangaea phase?
If Earth still had rings, they would be incredibly bright at "night" like living in a north-facing house, so Earth creatures including us may not have evolved to sleep for 8 hours.
Would a Kessler event mean we Earth gets rings again?
No.
In our lifetimes, how many asteroids have had paths that go near the Earth? I can think of at least one or two that came by within the orbit of the moon. My point is: If the Earth had rings for 40 million years, then, surely we could posit a few times where an asteroid flew by and disrupted those rings. No?
Super computer only required because it was written in Python.
I suddenly want Dippin Dots.