The video fails to mention image intensifiers are lead lined inside the aluminum housing and the aluminum input faceplate (about 1mm thick) that separates the vacuum envelope is where the x-ray enters. Also it should be pointed out the grid is totally separate from the image intensifier and not sold with it because each application requires its own parameters of a grid.
Thanks Dr for the good points. We do mention the outer housing at 3:14 but not to that detail and it is a good point that grids are separate and we have other videos on grids as well
I have a question for you... if have two generators from different brands and they both have the same mA station what might cause one to be slightly more powerful than the other? Could there be more keV in one machine than the other? Thanks
Different generators could be generating different kVp waveforms and the x-ray spectrum also depends on other factors like the anode material and pre-patient filtration.
A very nice overview of an image intensifier. I would like to replace a 30 year old 12" Image Intensifier coupled to a CCD camera. Which brand of equipment are you using? 😎 Thank you.
Thales is the most common brand but Dunlee is cheaper and still high quality. Phillips is high quality. Just about any image intensifier is good. Key factors are gain and resolution, contrast ratio, etc.
Veiling glare is reflected light that occurs from reflections of the light at different interfaces. Basically light reflections inside the output port and between the camera and output port. For instance an output port glass window (or one with a poor transmission factor) would cause more veiling glare than a thin output window. Because the light would go into one side of the glass through the glass and instead of it all exiting the other side some would be reflected backward at an angle to the input side again and then get reflected again. That is the primary cause. This causes a lower gain and lower contrast ratio.
You must first separate the Image intensifier output from the camera. First of all verify you have dose (i.e. 30uGy for 16", 50uGy for 9", 80uGy for 6", etc. Inverse dose to size due to minification.). Then verify light output from image intensifier. It might appear dim but don't worry about that. If you do then it is in your camera system. Most commonly the problem is the image intensifier power supply but the image intensifier cant be ruled out.
In practicality you cant. The high voltage requires HV probes. The reality is you measure test points on the image intensifier power supply which are scaled down versions of the actual power being applied. Remember this is a vacuum tube and there isn't any loading effect on the power supply.
I'm studying for finals now and this was super helpful. Thanks!
Glad it was helpful! Good luck 👍
Boards exam in 6 weeks! Thanks for your all your help 🤗
You can do it! Congrats on studying ahead a bit.
Very helpful, I watched every single video. Thank you.
You’re welcome. Thanks for checking out all the videos 🖥️
The video fails to mention image intensifiers are lead lined inside the aluminum housing and the aluminum input faceplate (about 1mm thick) that separates the vacuum envelope is where the x-ray enters. Also it should be pointed out the grid is totally separate from the image intensifier and not sold with it because each application requires its own parameters of a grid.
Thanks Dr for the good points. We do mention the outer housing at 3:14 but not to that detail and it is a good point that grids are separate and we have other videos on grids as well
I have a question for you... if have two generators from different brands and they both have the same mA station what might cause one to be slightly more powerful than the other? Could there be more keV in one machine than the other? Thanks
Different generators could be generating different kVp waveforms and the x-ray spectrum also depends on other factors like the anode material and pre-patient filtration.
Very helpful, thank you
♥️ 🇳🇬
This was helpful
Thanks Brian, that’s our goal. Thanks for leaving a comment
Thanks, it was very helpful.
Good work.👌
Greetings
Thanks Abdo vitamins.
You really great prof
Thanks for the props
A very nice overview of an image intensifier. I would like to replace a 30 year old 12" Image Intensifier coupled to a CCD camera. Which brand of equipment are you using?
😎 Thank you.
Sorry I don’t have brand recommendations
@@HowRadiologyWorks Thank you.
Thales is the most common brand but Dunlee is cheaper and still high quality. Phillips is high quality. Just about any image intensifier is good. Key factors are gain and resolution, contrast ratio, etc.
can u explain about veiling glare plz..
Okay I’ll put it on the list
Veiling glare is reflected light that occurs from reflections of the light at different interfaces. Basically light reflections inside the output port and between the camera and output port. For instance an output port glass window (or one with a poor transmission factor) would cause more veiling glare than a thin output window. Because the light would go into one side of the glass through the glass and instead of it all exiting the other side some would be reflected backward at an angle to the input side again and then get reflected again. That is the primary cause. This causes a lower gain and lower contrast ratio.
What black image mean in the monitors?
Is the whole image black or do you mean the black parts of the image
You must first separate the Image intensifier output from the camera. First of all verify you have dose (i.e. 30uGy for 16", 50uGy for 9", 80uGy for 6", etc. Inverse dose to size due to minification.). Then verify light output from image intensifier. It might appear dim but don't worry about that. If you do then it is in your camera system. Most commonly the problem is the image intensifier power supply but the image intensifier cant be ruled out.
And how can I make sure of high tension power of ii tube
In practicality you cant. The high voltage requires HV probes. The reality is you measure test points on the image intensifier power supply which are scaled down versions of the actual power being applied. Remember this is a vacuum tube and there isn't any loading effect on the power supply.