castle of the Cracow bishops in Iłża, Poland

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🔗 foto.poczet.com/sandomierskie....
📜 object history:
The castle was erected in the years 1326-47 on the initiative of the bishop of Cracow, John Grot, Rawicz coat of arms. The first Gothic building included a stone bergfried and a residential building located in the northern part of the hill. During the bishop's dispute with king Casimir the Great, the royal troops failed to capture the stronghold. Soon (the second half of the 14th century) the castle was expanded by bishop Florian Mokrski. At that time, other defensive systems were created: gates, bridges, walls and towers. King Władysław II Jagiełło visited this Gothic castle many times, as well as kings Alexander I Jagiellon and Sigismund I the Old. Around 1560, the Iłża stronghold underwent the first major changes: bishop Philip Padniewski initiated a reconstruction in the Renaissance style. Successive Polish kings visited Iłża: Sigismund III Vasa many times (1588, 1591, 1592, 1596, 1599, 1600, 1607, and even 'posthumously' in 1633 during the transport of the king's body to Cracow for burial) and Władysław IV Vasa on September 6, 1637 (he came disguised to the castle to watch Cecylia Renata Habsburg, whom he was to marry soon), who was going to Warsaw. In later years (and centuries), the building was regularly rebuilt and expanded by successive bishops of Cracow. Reasons for further investments - apart from the changing fashion in architecture - were provided by disasters, e.g. damage done by the Swedes in 1655, then by the Hungarians in 1657, as well as fires. Ultimately, the castle lost its original Gothic character, and its last medieval feature was the bergfried, although covered with a Renaissance helmet. In 1789, pursuant to the act of the 'Four-Year Seym', the Iłża property of the bishops of Cracow was taken over by the royal administration. An inventory prepared in the same year showed that the stronghold was seriously damaged. Further damage was done by the invaders, and above all by the... local population, who systematically used the ruins as a free source of building material. The building owes its present shape to the reconstruction works carried out in the 1970s - it was then secured in the form of the so-called 'permanent ruin'. In 2015, the southern wing of the upper castle was partially rebuilt. In 2021, the largest conservation and construction works in the post-war history of the Iłża castle took place: the original fragments of the upper castle were secured, the walls were partially raised and the outline of many castle rooms was recreated.

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