How NOT to fry your Arduino Uno
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- Опубликовано: 11 сен 2024
- In this video, I will try to show you the most common mistakes that people make before they fry their Arduino. Please check the long format video and my article where I explain everything in more detail!
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Some of those claims are not true.
GPIOs can supply up to 40mA, not 20mA and when you try to drain them more, the voltage goes down or the arduino restarts. Nothing is fried, nothing blows up.
Also when you connect 5V on Arduino to GND accidentally, the arduino just unplugs the power or resets or something. I think there is some kind of polyfuze or something that will turn off the power to protect the board. Only way to damage something might be connecting the VCC to some GPIO pin when you connect external power supply with higher voltage than 5V.
Arduino is really hard to destroy. I screwed up my connections many times and never destroyed any.
Go and check the official Arduino Uno page. It says 20 mA. Do they lie about their product on their official website? Yes, the _absolute max rating_ of the ATMEGA328P chip might allow 40 mA, but since that's the absolute max rating, it is safer to not use it at those values. You don't drive your car at 8000 RPM even though the engine can do it. But can it _sustain_ it?
It won't always reset, probably depending on which clone is used (lack of protective componentsto cut costs). I also talked about the fuse and I said that sometimes it can be damaged permanently.
@@martincerny9866 the number one thing I have done that has cooked an Arduino has been unprotected high inductance load switching. Be wary of driving small solenoids or motors without some sort of diode protection. The pins HAVE internal diode protection however I have killed a device in this way.
Yup, I mentioned in the corresponding long-format video that motors, for example, need a flyback diode.
@@martincerny9866 I will say this. Don’t question this poster like you know something. He will be like, “do it then”…..and now I have a broken UNO. 🤣🤣🤣
@@pauliexcluded1not a big loss though you just lose 3$ and you get lesson you'll never forget
We can just use external MOSFET or bipolar transistor to control heavy load devices like motors by just giving 5v in base or drain where transistor/MOSFET act's as a switch
Of course. But using a single MOSFET will only allow on/off switching and speed control. If you want to change directions, then it is simpler to get a motor driver. (Sure, you can build your own H-bridge)
1117 has an integrated current limiter also. So, if overloaded, it just cut off the power. But not die.
It doesn't always work as it should, unfortunately. Just look around on reddit. There are plenty of posts with toasted boards.
@CuriousScientist mostly the fake ones. I always test all of them on short circuit before use in device.
Yes! But due to the open-source nature of the Arduino, it is easy to find boards with low-quality parts as well. Sometimes it is a gamble, but also, the cheaper the product the higher the chance that it will fail unexpectedly.
Best way is to use an isolated driver. Alternate is to use a pulldown FET or BJT as a buffer and a separate supply for the motor.
Yup, I also said that a dedicated driver is the best option.
so i've fried my laptop a while ago by powering the arduino with 9 volts on the 5v pin and plugging it in my laptop, idk what i was thinking
Well, that's a whole another topic when you try to disrespect the rating of a pin. 😅
arduino >>>> laptop
I just bought my first arduino and have zero experience coding. Trying to run a bldc thruster with a single channel transmitter similar to a key fob
Have fun!
Brilliantly executing smoke method by placing an agarbatti behind Uno ....genius🎉
One must be creative, right? It was an incense cone, to be exact.
Hi. Can you help me understand something about electricity? It bothers me veeeryyy much, especially since I am a computer science student so electricity is really the basics of basics.
Here's the problem. I understand if you don't wanna answer right away, but at the very least I ask you to point me to some articles that may explain it bette to me.
I don't understand how Voltage, Current and Resistance work. I know the Ohm's Law formula by heart but can't fathom how it works. Here, the arduino can only output 500mA. So why in the world would it try to give more amps to the 1Ω Resistor than it can ? Does it have something to do with the Voltage ? A behaviour of Current I did not understand yet ?
Here are my "preconceived" ideas that I have "understood" so far :
- Voltage is what pushes the Current to go through material (resistor, water, living being, air,...). So high voltage means it is easier to for the current to traverse that material.
- Resistance/Impedance is the nemesis of Voltage. It doesn't let Current go through the material to some extent. It's like the "Unstoppable force meets immovable object" saying, except the force (Voltage) isn't unstoppable and the object (Resistance/Impedance) isn't immovable.
- Current is what the material "consumes". It is the vehicle of energy. It's the thing that's transformed into heat (calorific energy) if the resistance doesn't allow much current to pass through it (which in turn might be transformed into light (electromagnetic energy)).
- I also have that understanding that high voltage low current isn't dangerous … right ?
So whyyy does the Arduino (?) try to give more current than it can ? or is it the Current (?) that tries to do something ? But 5V isn't that great, is it ?
Hi! It is not the Arduino but what powers the Arduino. The two ends matter (load and power supply) and what is inbetween these two will suffer. The microcontroller board does not create current out of thin air or something. It regulates what is provided to it.
As I said in the video, even though the USB 2.0 only provides 500 mA, you can power the Arduino with a charger (1500 mA) or by a USB 3.0 port (900 mA). Both will knock out the onboard fuse if something on the load side can draw more than 500 mA which is the rating of the fuse.
Read my detailed article on this topic and maybe you'll understand it better. Cheers!
Your ideas are all correct, but you don’t seem to understand how it connects
Current isn’t what power supply can give(in most cases, there are current regulated power supplys)
It’s more what something draws/needs, it’s dependent on resistance, more resistance more current thing need
In case when power supply can’t provider enough current, most likely something will fry/overheat and turn off or safety machanism will work, but not only current matters, resistive and inductive loads- lightbulbs, motors will comply to ohms law(there are other types of loads, for example something with integrated buck converter, and it doesn’t comply to ohms law) which means more voltage more current, and more importantly it will always draw current if there’s voltage, and arduino has „internal resistance”(simplified for purpose of explanation) and if you draw current(connect load) through resistor it limits it, but overheats and that’s what fryes it, i hope i managed to explain it understandably
Great remarks! Thanks for the contribution!
@@bartosz7778 In hindsight, indeed, it is the relations between these 3 concepts that I don't understand.
What you said is a tad jumbly but I'll try to rephrase it to see if I understood all that well, and you'll correct me where I'm wrong.
- So you're telling me that Current is not a physical phenomenon that is PUSHED/SHOVED by the power supply but rather a phenomenon that is PULLED by the Load, ight ? It is like a "reverse pressure". As in, If we make analogy with a fluid like water for example : when You are put into water you will be crushed by the Water Pressure -- which is exatcly the opposite of Electrical Current as in : if YOU WERE THE LOAD and THE WATER PRESSURE IS THE ELECTRICAL CURRENT, You(the Load) will be the one attracting Water Pressure(Electrical Current) instead.
- It is practically impossible to dissociate Current from anything/any material that has a Resistance to it. Hence the "internal resistance" of some material.
- As long as there is Voltage, no matter how low it is, there will always be a high theoretical "potential" for electric Current (potential here meaning something different from potential=voltage; just a word I used that I find the most describing);
Like, a power supply has an undefined quantity of Amps to "give" until there's a Resistor that "demands" _this or that much_ quantity (Amps) has been connected to it. Right ?
- Ohm's Law will show us how much Current, with a given Voltage, a Load demands ; and that's why for example 1kOhm Resistance will "call" for 3mA with a 3V power supply, and 5mA with a 5V power supply. ???
- The greatest Load (exteral resistor) will fry the [assembly of] Smaller Loads that are connected to it in series (internal resistance of Arduino here) because the Current that the Bigger Load calls can't be handled by the Smaller Loads as it goes through them.
@@thefanboy3285 1st - kind of, yes but I wouldn't say that something draws/ demands X Amps, it seems wrong, more correctly would be using it with resistance so at x Volts thing draws Y Amps because resistance is Z ohms, it doesn't really suck current, but rather needs it to overcome resistance, (idk if this analogy is right but) its more like thin pipe, you need high pressure to get liquid flowing
2nd only as long as there's voltage ofcourse
3rd(I don't quite understand you here)
partially I think you're correct - power supply has voltage, the value of it doesn't really change(transformers can have higher voltage without any load, ex- ~15v for 12v rated, but anyway) yeah as long as there's no load the current doesn't flow, and when load is connected it draws X Amps current, not All what psu have (unless you connect something rated for lower voltage to higher voltage, then all current might flow and it'll fry)
4th
yeah, but I'll use "draws" instead of demands
it'd be easiest to explain with two resistors one for load(1W, 5 ohms so 1A/5V) other for Arduino(1/4W 25ohms - 20mA), technically you could limit the current for load with resistor so that nothing would fry, but the problem here is wattage, so what resistor could handle and that is how we might compare transistors inside Arduino to big load - lightbulb or motor, you could limit lightbulb current to 20ma it wouldn't light up, barely get warm inside, but you need "strong" resistor
also worth mentioning, for you to remember - current goes the path with least resistance, that might be useful and is easy to remember
I hope I got all of it right
Hi, I have an arduino nano every and want to use him with a nRF24L01 device. The code and everything just works fine with micro usb c but when I power the arduino over his vin pins, the Code doesnt work anymore (arduino blinks etc. so it is on). I tried it with severall batteries from lower Ampere to higher Ampere (1A and above). The arduino is not broken, when I plug in micro usb c then it works just fine...
Hi,
You failed to mention the properties of your battery. Amperage does not really tell the whole story. If you used a single AA battery or a (3.7 V) lithium battery, you did not have enough voltage... In fact, you need at least 7 V on the VIN pin to make the MCU work.
@@CuriousScientistOh sorry! I used a 3.7v Lithium batterie and an step up converter, to convert it to 5v. The converter is able to serve 1A max output. So are the 5V the problem?
Yes. If you would have read the specs sheet of the microcontroller, it clearly says that the minimum voltage on VIN is 7 V...
@@CuriousScientist Yeah, but it really surprises me, because in the past I used severall times powerbanks (5v) to power the same arduino via his vin pins and I never had problems with it...
I think you might have connected it to its 5 V rail directly and not to the voltage regulator (VIN). Or it was a 3.3 V version of a Pro Mini, for example. That device can be operated with lower voltages. But the conclusion is still that one needs to read the product specifications to be sure and to understand it properly.
Hi. I have the same arduino board and I tried to power a servo motor in its 5v pin and powered the board using 12v barrel jack. The servo motor didn't rotate and the board produced a smoke. I tried to find the source of the smoke but I can't smell the burnt component. Can you please help me?
Hi! I explained it in the corresponding long-format video and in the article on my website. Check it.
I'd don't connect an inductive load like motor with a capacitor in series.
That's a whole big area itself and it also depends if the circuit is DC or AC. But in DC, as far as I know, it is not practical to connect a capacitor and a motor in series based on the characteristics of a capacitor and an inductor (motor) in a DC circuit.
@@CuriousScientist I'm thinking ceramic capacitor
@@CuriousScientist you have to use a diode in parallel to protect it from back emf
I am aware of that.
I killed a computer and an arduino just like this. Never again
Lessons learned! I hope you didn't give up on Arduino. It is fun stuff to learn!
accidently gnd wire touched to atmega ic and my arduino not working properly. IC get overheat everytime i connect board to my pc. I think I should replace with new IC
Directly shorting a "live" pin to ground means that current can run without any resistance. Your chip is very likely fried.
Mannn I had my frying pan ready and everything:(
Follow me for more not-cooking recipes! 😄
I think i did all of that, just not in that order. but how to see if the fuse is damaged?
I guess a multimeter in continuity mode could do the job.
Which video do I watch if I want to fry it?
Electroboom's videos. 😀
Don't connect a 12v 7ah battery to Arduino directly like my dumb ass
Well, it depends where you connect it. The DC jack and the VIN pin can accept it. However, if something goes wrong, then that's a lot of power and can cause some damage to your board.
@@CuriousScientist it can... 💯... But if the battery is even a little overcharged... Say bye to you Arduino
@@CuriousScientist wait.... What???? Vin pin can accept battery directly??? How I did not know that... Please tell me if it's true... It will help us in our project
Nope. A 12 V lithium battery goes up to around 14.6 V, tops. Look up the voltage chart. If you manage to "overcharge" it, you would notice it by, in worst case scenario, your house being burnt down. Also, as I explained it in the corresponding long-format video, the onboard voltage regulator can accept up to 20 V input voltage... Check the video!
Have you ever tried to read the datasheet and the specifications of the Arduino? It is written there. It is even shown in the schematics. I explained this exact detail in the corresponding long-format video.
👏
👋
This would have been helpful 3 weeks ago
Sorry, in my next video, I will show you how to build a time machine to avoid such issues.
To set up a higher performance of the boards, you have to use a dc motor, a 12v 5w haligen, a 12 20 w halogen for few seconds. A Noka battery needs a 12 v 20 w halgen to set its best charging, and life time. The bub needs to be connected once or twice till discharges. The battery will become too good, 12 days stanby time and some calls, instead of 3 days.
Sorry, I have no idea what you are talking about.
Product link plssss
It is in the description of the video......
I am not sure any of those would damage a normal arduino. Maybe you have a cheap clone.
Give it a try then. ;)
@@CuriousScientist oh, you evil 😅
Also just touch 5v to -
Yes but that's kinda obvious.
@@CuriousScientist yeah to people who know tech
Nah, that is really common sense. Technically, it is also taught in elementary school. They don't say it explicitly as "Don't short the 5 V pin of an Arduino to ground", but instead, they say something along the Ohm's law. With "zero" resistance (the wire that short the pins together), the current would be infinitely large if the supply could source it. This is not rocket science.
@@CuriousScientistYou were taught Ohm’s law in elementary school?! Where did you go to school?
A simple school in a small town. 8th grade. I clearly remember this because that's where I learned that we can write the three letters of the formula in a triangle to make it easier to memorize it.
its too late ive fryed my arduino
Now you know how. 😃
Why do you wear gloves? This doesn't seem that dangerous.
It's not always about dangers. However, I mainly wear it to avoid exposing my skin to chemicals (IPA, flux...etc). But for example, anything you touch becomes greasy. Greasy fingerprints don't look good on video. But also, some parts might be sensitive to being touched by bare hands.
Magyar vagy?