How does chemistry work: Stated Clearly

/ statedclearly
Full video here: • What Is a Molecule?
Atoms bond with different numbers of other atoms based on the number of electrons in their outermost shell, also known as the valence shell. These electrons are the ones involved in bonding, and each atom seeks to either gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable configuration similar to that of noble gases, which have complete outer shells.
The rule of thumb here is the octet rule, which suggests that atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their valence shell. However, the number of electrons currently in the valence shell determines how many additional electrons an atom needs to reach this stable state:
Atoms like oxygen have six electrons in their valence shell and need two more to complete the octet. Therefore, they typically form two bonds.
Atoms like carbon have four electrons in their valence shell. To reach an octet, they need four more electrons, allowing them to form up to four bonds.
This difference in the number of required electrons to achieve a full outer shell is what causes some atoms to bond with more or fewer atoms than others.

[@denzelcrocker992]

Diborane with 2 hydrogens with two bonds each: am i a joke to you ?

[@rarra]

I’m like Argon irl

[@pearcat08]

Dang it, only seven comments right now and someone already beat me to saying this!

[@davidseed2939]

H3O+ and OH- are formed when water ionises

[@joelalmon3088]

hmmm, I thought Carbon was six.

[@entropyachieved750]

Makes 4 covalent bonds

[@pluripotentprotoplasm]

S2 P4 or something

[@AIin1771]

the atomic number is 6, 2 electrons on the first shell/orbit, (you can have 2n^2 electrons on each orbit, where n is the orbit number)

[@parcton9716]

bing bang bong your bonds argon