Our Atmosphere is Escaping!
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- Опубликовано: 20 сен 2024
- Our planet is surrounded by a wispy-thin layer of gas that keeps us warm and allows weather to happen and basically makes all of life on Earth possible. Except... that precious atmosphere of ours is actually leaking, every second, into outer space
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Created by Henry Reich, with Alex Reich, Peter Reich, Rose Eveleth, Emily Elert, and John Guittar.
Music by Nathaniel Schroeder: / drschroeder
MinuteEarth is produced by Neptune Studios LLC
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REFERENCES
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Atmospheric escape on Earth: faculty.washin...
COME BACK ATMOSPHERE,WE NEED YOU ;-;
This is 6 years old already and how is there no reply here
@@Alvionalx I guess nobody cared about this comment
Lol
WeAw
It's just balloons
Yeah, thanks for reassuring us to not worry about running out of Hydrogen... But totally overlooking the fact that we ARE running out of Helium.
+Mort OOPz we need to make a working economical fusion reactor, helium would be abundant.
Now you tell me... I just bought a bunch of balloons to celebrate not running out of hydrogen. :/
"I never said half the things in quoted on"
-Einstein
8; years ago 👍
the bigger worry is the escaping helium, which is presently a non renewable resource that we are wasting on stupid things like party baloons...
No energy is a "renewable". 2nd law of thermodynamics. Entropy only ever increases.
Almost all the energy we use come from the sun, which itself isn't unlimited and will burn out.
That fossil fuel? It used to be a plant, which got it's energy from the sun and stored it in carbon that we later release from igniting it.
Wind energy? It's convection caused by the sun.
Here we come, heat death of the universe! Atmosphere escaping our planet is just another result of increase of entropy
HaroWorld1 Energy can't be destroyed so it will always be there for our use.
You know you could just use those balloon and then after you use it just poke a hole so the whole helium and hydrogen get free again
Actualy it is
@@HaroWorld1 what?
Does this mean no matter how hard intelligent life tries to survive, everything in the universe will just diminish?
Yup it will but we will not be there to see it so dont worry 😁😁
life comes life goes, but we do can live "forever", there are people who say to colonize other planets (not dump people). search on google for Im mars generation
Entropy, my friend.
Víctor Lamarca Nah, not forever, eventually all the suns in the entire universe will run out of fuel. Leaving the universe a dark, cold, lifeless void.
+FleetAdmiral That's just a speculation. You do realize that trillions and trillions of new stars are born every second within the universe. So no more than likely that universe won't run out of stars.
The ending
MINDBLOW
You make me happy, MinuteEarth.You make learning fun and interesting. You clearly have a great team that keeps coming up with great ideas to cover. I didn't know I wanted to learn about our escaping atmosphere. Keep it up.
Pfft... No big deal. Duct tape will fix it.
Whippet DaDog yup! *grabs some duct tape* XD hahaaha
Rosey Kat guys seriously xd i mean why those jokes xdddd
Rosey Kat how many duct tape do you guys have in Mm
Firnen I
Firnen uum no
Few years before the sun eats the Earth: _We'll die first.
*The sun will die next.*
_There wouldn't be enough time for the atmosphere to escape._
what happened to the replys?
Love these little interludes of good sense delivered with a light heart.
Most of the time Astrophysics seems so depressing. Stuff get further away and isolated (alone) and everything gets cold. Astrophysics seems to predict the future to be cold and alone....
The only comforting thought is that I will be dead long before that, but is that really comforting?
Well, We will have like Auto-Oxygen generators when there is going to be no oxigen, So i see no problem
+Franco Sellanes What the heck is an auto-oxygen generator?
I dont fucking know, Cientifics from the future, Man.
Franco Sellanes Magic doesn't solve problems.
Who knows
Maybe in millions and millions of years we can be wizards!
With exponentially increasing technology in the far future, could there ever be any way to halt or reverse this atmospheric escape?
Towards the end of the video, that someone would also send a rover to earth to find water and micro organisms and then it will get ridiculous.
Yes: Mars once had a magnetosphere, like Earth's. The prevailing (and most elegant) theory about what happened to Mars is that its interior lacked atomic criticality to keep its mantle warm, and when it cooled and solidified, so went the magnetosphere. Earth's magnetosphere also disappears, occasionally. How much atmosphere evaporates during one of those polar flips, I wonder? That's when the solar wind really blows.
I guess I should be relieved that the world will be ending far from my time, but i am worried for the future generations of kids and families... this stuff creeps me out lol
Yeah instinct suck.
Lauren D dont worry in the athat or humanity is already dead or they traveled to another planet
+Lauren D There will be no more mass extinction in the future.
It doesn't matter whether we are viloent or not, it's in our nature and nothing can change our nature...
"...through this hole that is gaping."
It's the truth, not being negative or depressed, it's what will happen and nothing can change that.
Solution: Import hydrogen from Saturn
and then destroy the ringed beauty, good idea, we would probably just take small amounts if were to do that anyways.
The, um, hydrogen is in the atmosphere. The rings are all rocks and ice and junk. Also, it was a joke; it'd be stupidly inefficient.
Jaximous
It doesn't matter anyways, Saturn's rings will be gone in a few million/billion years due to that bitch called gravity.
I hope the stuff doesn't lose all it's Earth, that's where I keep my atmosphere.
...was there ever life on Neptune mars Uranus and the others......?this is getting my mind racing becuz of u saying that
We have some evidence that shows that maybe there was multi-cellular life on Mars in prehistoric times. There is ice beneath the surface of mars, showing there is water (which is necessary for life), and some surface samples showed that the planet and it's atmosphere used to be able to sustain life. Whether or not life evolved there is uncertain. Also, nowadays, we found single-celled bacteria on a rover on Mars, which is life. Just not the green, big-headed, space-faring empire many science fiction movies predicted.
***** they might be lifeform even there , speculative biology talk about the possibility. But who knows , Life finds a way.
one scientist thinks that on a gas giant a giant floating bulb-as plant life form could evolve
***** They have liquid hydrogen and helium under there atmosphere, so they're basically liquid giants.
Goat Marine Didn't recent studies say that water may not be too vital to the chemistry of life? basically meaning life could form and evolve from something like methane or CO2
I don't know why your comment was given negative votes, not everyone take chemistry classes and this whole channel is about learning, I'm glad at least someone commented to explain it to you.
dis is depressing
Its not a molecule because Helium isn't a diatomic molecule, meaning that it doesn't bond with it's self. Helium's natural state is He which means it is just an atom, not a molecule. A molecule is more than one atom bonded together. I hope this helps.
That is sad. Hopefully in before all the hydrogen and helium gets depleted, scientist will have the power to manufacture atoms.
+Lissandra Freljord The Sun will boil the oceans away, end all life, and probably destroy the Earth entirely long before we run out of atmospheric hydrogen.
Oh hey your one of those league players. Go get a life and fuck yourself. Manufacturing atoms are more expensive, less efficient and needs more scientific research than colonizing other planets.
+That Guy...Brian Matter can be created or destroyed.
That Guy...Brian You act like you've never calculated a nuclear reaction in your life!
They can actually manufacture atoms, however it is extremely inefficient, it would take a very large amount of money and a very long time to create an extremely small amount of said atoms.
'Was there ever life on this chunk of rock?' Gosh. It's so deep.
We will all die before the earth ends come so there is no problem :D
Because only the things that happen to you matter? That's pretty selfish.
I honestly don't know why I am addicted to all of these science videos. I just am .
If it wasn't for the Ukrainians Chernoybl there wouldn't be such a gaping hole in our atmosphere.
I forgot about that! Now that I think about it are we referring to the flooding like a year ago or 1945?
Neither nuclear reactors nor nuclear explosions create holes in the atmosphere. Perhaps you're referring to the ozone hole over Antarctica. That was caused by chlorine produced predominantly by CFCs that collected over Antarctica by its polar vortex.
That's a very ignorant statement. 1)There have been more nuclear accidents than the Chernobyl Incident; 2) It's not radioactivity causing holes in the atmosphere; 3) Nuclear Power Plants are generally quite friendly in regards to the atmosphere; 4) the ozone layer hole has nothing to do with escaping gases from the atmosphere; 5) The ozone layer hole has got a somewhat better since the replacing of CFCs in refrigeration and aerosol cans.
Ignorant fool
The 5 upvotes you get show how ignorance can spread by saying extremely false things with confidence and the vague air of legitimacy.
Of all the problems with nuclear power (and no means of power generation are without problems) it has no effect on the general atmosphere.
I hope the atmosphere doesn't loose its stuff. That's where I keep all my Earth.
I hope the atmosphere doesn't lose its stuff. That's where I keep my Earth.
I hope the atmosphere doesn't lose it's stuff.. that's where I keep all my earths..
That's exactly what happened to Mars. Being a smaller planet, it lost its magnetophere earlier than Earth (something about the molten core--but we're still not sure how Earth produces its own magnetosphere). Less atmosphere = less water.
Great vid minuteearth! By far my favorite youtube channel bro. Keep it up!
Same as when you release an air balloon from underwater. It will rise 'to the surface'. Your helium balloon, if let in peace, would rise to the cream of the atmosphere and would float there for quite a while.
But practically, the outer air pressure goes down and the pressure of the helium then causes the balloon to inflate till it pops. The Sun's rays up there also help weakening the balloon's structure and reducing it's popping altitude.
A good description of hydrogen leaving... But is there som hydrogen entering? For example some atom that were eminated by... say, Sun. Or Venus... can it loose it's velocity and stay by... air-breaking?
When I saw this video in my recommended I read the title and instantly went like *FRIIICK*
Thank you good sir, glad to see that I'm not the only one who remembers...
Don't even think about it, alien. THERE WAS LIFE ON THAT CHUNK OF ROCK!
We are currently losing 270 tons of atmosphere a day, less than two years ago it was said to be 90 tons but now it is three times as much. Carbon monoxide escapes the atmosphere, and this is how the oxygen is escaping the atmosphere. It can be excited and reach heat levels that cause it to act as a larger more buoyant atom in a strange way.
Your videos always make me think so deep into the future
This is an interesting question. Jupiter's mass is much larger so the escape velocity would be a lot larger (about 6 times), but probability wise there would still be some particles with enough energy to escape, just not much.
Pretty insightful video, I wish more people would watch this and be aware of this issue.
Atmosphere come back! We're you're biggest fans!
-.-
Money gets me food and a roof over my head, which definitely helps me enjoy the reality of my precious life.
Where some people see difficulties, others see challenges. Also, it would be fricking awesome.
Because helium is not a molecular element, a molecule is a compound made of 2 or more gaseous or liquid elements. a molecule is a unit of measurement for those compounds. Helium is measured in a unit called "Mol(s)"
No problem, and I love the fact you actually think you stole his account.
An element is not just 1 atom. It's a group of a single type of atom. Helium is made up of 2 atoms, it's atomic number is 2. Therefore it is 2 atoms bonded together to form the element Helium. And hydrogen is just 1 atom.
0:22 "It has to high tail it out of here at three-four times the speed of sound"
That should be be 33 times the speed of sound
Earth escape velocity = 11,200 m/s
*Standard* speed of sound in air = 343 m/s
11,200/343 = 32.7
Semantics (I didn't want to say 'tangled' as you did). But it's called monatomic molecule. Molecules kind of generalize the atoms. If you have an atom, you have a monatomic molecule. If you have two atoms tangled together, you have a diatomic molecule... and so on. This nomenclature is very common in the studies of gas dynamics.
yo bro its been a week now and no new video on either channel..hope nothing wrong and hope u didnt take the 'the getting out of idea' comment which u posted on confessions too seriously.^^ we all love wht u do keep at it .U dont know how much it helps us
It essentially is what happened to mars as it once had a fairly strong magnetic field, but after it decayed, the atmosphere was slowly stripped away by solar wind. Unlike Earth, mars would have most likely had insufficient time to allow intelligent life to evolve.
I am wondering the same and I want real answers!! But I can hypothetically say that mars has no Iron at it's core. I understand iron on the rotating earth gives it energy, and the iron get magneto-electrically charged, giving us our magnetic field.
it´s ppl like him who make innovations possible...so call him nerd, if you want to, and then bow to him
The creation of one thing is the destruction of another. I strongly admire your outlook, and in fact, I'll even admit that I envy it. I don't think Bioguy sounds obsessive, I think he's just stating a feeling.
I so had that theory along time ago when reading about inhabitting Mars! (referring to the last thing he said)
I also made some bullarky with it in that Earth and Mars are continously evolving and taking turns with habitability and that it keeps cycling
Yes, yes we do :3
In fact every element found on Earth and created naturally has a role in the ecosystem no matter how seemingly unnecessary it may seem
A helium balloon will continue to rise for quite some time but eventually the air in the atmosphere will get thinner and that means that there'll be a point when the pressure inside the balloon exceeds the pressure outside of it and then it will pop. So it'll never reach anywhere near space. There's also the consideration of winds up high which are far far colder than down here and those can cause the latex of the balloon to split so it might pop earlier than if the pressure did it.
To the first question: The Magnetic field is caused by the spinning liquid and hot iron in the earths core. It's so hot, that it's charged, and charged spinning things cause a magnetic field.
No, because the Earth's north pole is actually a south magnetic pole, and vice versa. We define geographic north as the direction the north pole of a compass points, but north poles of compasses are actually attracted to south magnetic poles.
Ending on a positive note as always
wow seriously the music in your videos is just wow ok
Good point. Answer to that, put it far enough above the earth to orbit.
Finally someone who understands Fermi's Paradox.
US defense budget for 2013 is about $870b. 870b / 365 DAYS = $2.3b per day average, or $26 billion every 11 days.
so... follow up questions: What causes Earth's magnetic field, and can we ever create a magnetic field on other planets to allow what atmospheres there are to leak slower?
Well, its simply that the core is made by heavier materials that tend to sink into the center of the planet, and well, as you might guess, Iron isn't as common as granite, so the core is usually much smaller than the planet.
But my knowledge is limited, feel free to investigate more by yourself in google, that'll help you more :D
technically a molecule is the smallest particle of an element or compound that has the properties of that compound. Therefore helium is a one atom molecule.
I hope the Earth doesn't lose its atmosphere. That's where I keep all my stuff.
Wouldn't the atmosphere eventually reach a low enough height so that its particles won't be able to escape Earth's gravity?
Lightning occurs when negatively charged particles at the bottom of the cloud attracts the positively charged particles on the ground and when they collide, they form lightning... Correct me if im wrong somewhere cause im 12...
So one video tells me that gravity pulls in loose particles directly from space to become atmospheric particles, then another tells me some particles can reach escape velocity and be sent into space. So how do the particles shot into space maintain inertia when Earth's gravity goes into space pretty freakin far.
If you mean contrails, those consist simply of water vapor condensing from the engines and wingtips of jet planes. No chemicals in there except regular water.
that made me more happy then it should have..
Helium is an element, meaning that it is an atom. Plus, it does not bond with itself like hydrogen or chlorine do. This means that to have helium, it must be a single atom, therefore not a molecule.
You just further proved my point, just because our government does something stupid doesn't mean everyone who lives here is stupid...
As soon as he said hydrogen and helium i started thinking of the periodic table song by asap science and it got stuck in my head
There were computers, yes, but they can't even compare to the computers of today. The computational power we gained from the knowledge could be used to argue that the computers of today and the computers of the 1960's are 2 very different entities.
My point is the information we gained from the introduction to new knowledge lead to a huge era of innovation, and that further advancement in knowledge will lead to similar progress in today's technology.
I think this channel is awesome! Thanks Henry
Videos like this are the reason I subscribed to your channels; please continue!
dont go away! we love you!
Wow, you really are optimist!
Actually, if the Earth would to stop spinning, this would happen... Because the atmosphere is also spinning together with the surface of the Earth, if you were to stop the surface of Earth from spinning, according to Newton, the atmosphere would still be spinning. There will be so much friction from the moving air that almost everything would burn (Near the equator, the atmosphere is moving at about 1670km/h) until the atmosphere stops spinning...
they get "blown out" by the solar wind. the ones facing sun get squished. I guess they are equal when poping out of earth but lose strengt when pushed out too far.
Wow...you just blew my mind at the end
Depends on their core. Our Iron core produces enough energy to maintain our magnetic field, while Mars is too small, so its iron core is too small for the magnetic field to exist or at least to last as long as ours.
Well, magnetic poles actually flip around a lot. In fact, a movement of about 10 degrees has happened very recently.
Oh and another thing, what do you suggest is a better use of my time? I use my time to defend science and to pursue knowledge and a greater understanding of the universe. What do you do all day? Complain about those who love learning and participate in ad hominem by calling them "nerds"?
I suddenly feel like holding my breath to help the atmosphere stay with us
That was a cool mind blow at the end there
I've always assumed that at least part of the H/He deficit is being replenished by Earth's gravity capturing solar wind particles.
Also, higher from earth’s surface, the weaker gravity gets. That’s how hydrogen and helium in the exosphere can escape
Okay so, ruling out the Ice Caps melting, meteors becoming crashed into us, the Ozone layer leaving and the Sun exploding, we're definitely going to blow ourselves up
Ah! Minuteearth, stop scaring me like this!
That is a more correct and fair approach. Not everyone should know or be abel to do everything. Spot on.
1:48 We, as a species of intelligent life, definitely need to make some sort of indestructible tablet that just says: "Yep."
no need to fight calm down, fighting will only breed more hatred
"to be or not to be" - Ghandi
So what determines that a planet will have a certain sized core relative to the size of the actual planet? I can assume that Jupiter has a large core since its a large planet, but what prevents a smaller planet from having a large core?
The fact that space would cool it before it reaches that size?