Converting your Jeep to electric is a great idea, it's partly why i'm here, infact i've been here for 2+ years now, since before the Jeep thing, i like your idea's Dude 🙂 knowledge is everything to me, you do a very good job of canveying what you've learned, its also good to see some different idea's, if the haters don't like what they see then stuff them, this is your bag!! 😉
I fucking love you, Jeremy, your sense of humor and take no shit attitude. As soon as you said you were going electric with this Jeep I was thrilled. I was a pretty early subscriber to your channel and always look forward to a new post from you. This is going to be the best series on YT, cant wait to see how it goes.
This was awesome. The Holy Grail reference was amazing, I laughed heartily. The whole point of being a maker/tinkerer is to do whatever the eff you want with the shit that you have. Anyone who thinks you're breaking rules needs to check their priorities.
@@JeremyMakesThings Strange women lying in ponds distributing swords is no basis for a system of a government.... If I went around saying I was some emperor just because some moistened bink had lobbed a scimitar at me..... they'd put me away! Now we see the violence inherent in the system!
1000$ for a 80kW motor + inverter? That's impressive. A couple of years ago couldn't buy a forklift motor and a golfcart controller for that money. Well done!
Land rover guy here, watched out of curiosity but now subscribed - for so many old vehicles a conversion like this makes so much sense. Never understood why CarBros get all defensive and butthurt about electric, it's such a great way to power a vehicle - only sticking point is range/battery cost but that's rapidly crossing the "more than good enough" point.
I really really really appreciate that you doing this! So much people seem to don’t care about the environment. Bringing an old beauty to life with a new mindset is awesome and the ultimate way to upcycle!! Thank you!!
Please don't make the leap to you don't care about the environment if you don't love electric cars. In the grand scheme of things if you have concrete around your house or use steel, you are far bigger Co2 polluter then a gear head driving his/her classic to Cars and Coffee.
I'm a mechanical engineer. I love, love, love internal combustion engines. I even got a PhD developing an algorithm to optimize efficiency for a natural gas engine and have a couple of SAE technical papers and one ASME technical transaction paper further documenting our work. But I love this project. You're doing things right. Ethically, I'd ask you to consider finding non-cobalt batteries, but all-in-all a cool project. I look forward to seeing your progress.
Everyone that has negative things to say about your project, needs to spend less time commenting and more time listening and learning. The Jeep was a pile or rusted junk. You could have scrapped it and you still did it more justice than anyone else did. And as far as a collectable, that only applies if it is whole and original, which is impossible. Restoration of that vehicle would be building one nearly from scratch since there was little of it left to begin with. To each their own. You do you. I admire your attitude towards the project and your commitment to doing what you want and not being swayed by the masses. Great work man! And I look forward to seeing the electric conversion in operation. I have been wanting to build an electric vehicle for some time. Just haven't had that opportunity yet. I get to experience it somewhat by watching you attempt it. Happy fabricating man!
First off, thank you for SO many cuts for the dialog - with a LOT of researched facts. That's a lot of filming and editing work and it paid off. Second, you do you. I'm really tired of arm chair experts. It's about time everyone talked with other people, including people you disagree with, with respect and get over themselves and lock down their out of control fragile ego. Keep going man!
Thank you ever so much for correctly pronouncing Willys. It really grinds my gears to hear “Willy’s”, especially coming from those enthusiasts who really ought to know better.
Former ‘74 CJ-6 w/304 v-8 owner, looking forward to seeing this progress. Wonderful project I would like to do the same. Most fun thing is creeping through the woods and not scaring the wildlife.
I'm not a jeep guy, at all, but I am a classic 4x4 guy, so when you said you wanted to go electric I got a shot of pain from my hip up my spine to my jaw... but now that I got your reasoning... I'm in! Can't wait to see the progress...
I’ve just come across your channel and am thoroughly enjoying your project. I agree with your electric conversion. Stuff the blow-hards - soldier on! I also liked your short divergence in history and philosophy. Cheers from England. I’ve subscribed.
Heck yes I love the attitude! I'm excited to see how well the motor and the transmission play together, I can't imagine the bearings will be stoked at running at 12k but if they asplod then it won't be difficult to drop some in that can handle it
Yeah, I don’t think I’ll run close to that. 12k would be something like 120mph in second gear, and I doubt the miter will push something with the aerodynamics if a refrigerator anywhere close to that fast, and if it does, the overall handling of the vehicle wouldn’t allow it anyway.
New subscriber here. This is really impressive. I'm more of a Jeep purist, but I love to see people doing innovative stuff like this. I look forward to seeing you finished up
I love what you're doing mate, ignore the haters, what you're going to end up with is a fantastic thing, basically a brand new 50's jeep that is useful in the modern day, and its not anything that you can't reverse back to oem if you ever wanted to, I think its great what you're doing.
Cool idea. I'm a super jeep guy who completely restored a '78 CJ7 and am now in the middle of a '49 Willys truck. While i usually restore back to factory, I love stuff like this. I think its cool. Keep up the good work!
Jeremy, really looking forward to following this build! Might inspire me to get out and do an electric drivetrain build for my CJ7 and or CJ8.... Agree 100% that Jeeps are what you want to make of them. Much better giving the CJ new life than letting it rust to pieces. Ignore those that don't understand what you are creating!
Your explanation of why you are doing things to your own vehicle amuses me greatly. I own a 46 willys cj2a and your project while not what I'd do to one is still pretty awesome to get to watch. Keep up the great work and content.
I'm really excited for this project. At some point I plan on doing my own EV conversion project. I just haven't decided what vehicle I want to make the donor.
Jeremy, I cannot help think the torch and pitchfork mob that are screaming heresy would not have bothered to pull the poor old thing out of the woods in the first place. Much less have the wherewithal to do something if they did. It's your Jeep and you can modify it as you wish. At some point we are going to bump into each other and I will be keen to see it and scope it out. Cheers neighbor👍
Absolutely awesome!!! Keep telling it like it is, its one of the many reasons this is a great channel. Make it run on hamster power, who cares, I'll still watch.
Lol this is awesome. The vintage Jeep community are a bunch of crabby old dudes. I've got two original condition vintage jeeps, so I'm very familiar with that community. I'm all about preserving and keeping them original when they're in good shape, but the ones that need every little thing replaced are fair game to do whatever with in my eyes. I've gone through switching one to electric in my mind many times, I'm glad to find someone who actually did it. Can't wait to see the rest of your videos
I have a 74 CJ5 that I've owned for 35 years. I've rebuilt it once. I will never sell it. When the day comes to convert it to electric I will gladly do so, and continue to enjoy my Jeep until I'm too old to drive it.
Crazy! I was thinking about this when I got my CJ7. Thought it would be so cool to have an electric motor into a manual trans n transfer case. Interesting idea. Im glad you are wasting your money on it 😂 I will stay tuned. 👍
Jeremy I live in a city, I garden, I have some pole beans that are 12 feet tall 😱😱, not one single bean 😭😭, I have 21 tomato plants, maybe I will get a dozen tomatoes 🤬🤬🤬, I had to cut the greenery on my onions because they had mould on them 🤬🤬🤬🤬🤬, I made a makeshift greenhouse over the raised bed where the onions are, still August, September and some October, hope to get some onions. All this rain is not NORMAL, go for your conversion, I will watch
brilliant video, everything you said was spot on. historically, i am not a big EV guy, but you might be influencing me. keep talking and keep posting. please.
Man, that would be my next dream project. I imagine putting all the batteries in the back to actually make it balanced, and then ditching the doghouse for the motor and putting in a bench seat….
To hell with the naysayers Jeremy, this just got a lot more relevant and interesting. There are literally thousands of restored CJ5’s on the road and a lot have had a powertrain upgrade and yours will be no different. Resto rod springs to mind. Personally, I think you will gain even more subscribers with a project like this, and to me, it’s the way of the future for keeping classic cars on the road. You can already buy electric an E type Jag. Cheers mate, Stuart 🇦🇺
The most Jeep thing you can do is, do what you want! You don’t have to like other people’s adaptations, but I think capability is essence of a jeep. If your idea of capability is turning heads at a shopping mall, scaling mountains, hosing happy meal remains out drain holes, doing a Museum Grade restoration, or re-powering it with something different. The individual determines the capability. That’s what makes Jeeps fun!
I subscribed because even though I am more of a purest and like things to be restored as they were, I really want to see how this turns out. After all, in this case, you can only go up since there wasn't much left to begin with.
❤❤❤ love this idea and keep doing this ive done trails. I love the jeep comunity and have had an working 1969 cj-5 for years now thanks yo my amazing 2 fathers before me. 🤛🤜🤛🤜 Also where are you giving this moter away ?
I am one of those people that am not a fan of electric cars or anything that goes along with them. Although I didn’t comment on any of the prior videos. All that being said I enjoy your videos a lot because I always learn something along the way and that’s what I’m here for. So I think I’ll “ Stick around “. Thanks
I'm glad for any electrification project at any scale, because a lot of power companies aren't meaningfully beholden to their customers like yours. Companies that don't have a member elected board like yours are prone to making decisions based on short term financial balancing, which usually involves minimizing maintenance and only improving as literally required. More demand on the power grid forces even these companies to invest in improving their grids because they only get so much say in the nature of demand. That and, fuel burning efficiency improves with scale, so more power is extracted from the same fuel, producing less pollution, when burned at a power plant; and the grid is source agnostic, so those power plants can be improved and replaced; making your jeep better for the world over time.
Smarts are nice cars. Been driving them for ~20 years… Swapped my 60ish hp 1st gen Smart to a 3rd gen 90 hp one 😅. And yes, the electric variant would have been a lot cheaper but it's a real city car with very low range, so I am still on the gaz guzzler becaus I don't want to think about the „range“ when driving.
I think it’s a great idea! Go for it. Maybe even get a second motor and drive the front an rear diff with separate. No transfer case or transmission needed.
To get the gear reduction in the right ballpark, having the transmission will be helpful. Most EV’s have final drive ration between 8-10:1. With 5.38 gears in the differential and a 1.55 second gear, that will put me at 8.34:1. And I like the idea of having the low range in the transfer case. And I’ll be able to spin the motor backwards, put the transmission in reverse and transfer case in low and get about a 50:1 crawl ratio. Plus the twin stick transfer case is cool.
I'm glad you're doing your own thing and ignoring the purists, fanatics and dickheads. i'm looking forward to seeing the end result of this labour of love. A few of your comments got a giggle or two.
Converting your Jeep to electric is a great idea, it's partly why i'm here, infact i've been here for 2+ years now, since before the Jeep thing, i like your idea's Dude 🙂 knowledge is everything to me, you do a very good job of canveying what you've learned, its also good to see some different idea's, if the haters don't like what they see then stuff them, this is your bag!! 😉
I fucking love you, Jeremy, your sense of humor and take no shit attitude. As soon as you said you were going electric with this Jeep I was thrilled. I was a pretty early subscriber to your channel and always look forward to a new post from you. This is going to be the best series on YT, cant wait to see how it goes.
This was awesome. The Holy Grail reference was amazing, I laughed heartily. The whole point of being a maker/tinkerer is to do whatever the eff you want with the shit that you have. Anyone who thinks you're breaking rules needs to check their priorities.
It makes me happy that someone got that, so many of my python references seem to go recognized.
@@JeremyMakesThings
Strange women lying in ponds distributing swords is no basis for a system of a government....
If I went around saying I was some emperor just because some moistened bink had lobbed a scimitar at me..... they'd put me away!
Now we see the violence inherent in the system!
As a longtime Jeep owner I think your electric project is awesome and your work is incredible and😊 keep it up
For what it's worth this is my favourite car related project I've come across on RUclips by a mile, and I followed project binky from the beginning
1000$ for a 80kW motor + inverter? That's impressive. A couple of years ago couldn't buy a forklift motor and a golfcart controller for that money. Well done!
Land rover guy here, watched out of curiosity but now subscribed - for so many old vehicles a conversion like this makes so much sense.
Never understood why CarBros get all defensive and butthurt about electric, it's such a great way to power a vehicle - only sticking point is range/battery cost but that's rapidly crossing the "more than good enough" point.
I really really really appreciate that you doing this! So much people seem to don’t care about the environment.
Bringing an old beauty to life with a new mindset is awesome and the ultimate way to upcycle!!
Thank you!!
Please don't make the leap to you don't care about the environment if you don't love electric cars. In the grand scheme of things if you have concrete around your house or use steel, you are far bigger Co2 polluter then a gear head driving his/her classic to Cars and Coffee.
absolutely zero need to justify being creative and out of the box, man. rock on and keep the cool 'home machinist' vibe going!
This channel just went from good to great. Bravo, Jeremy.
I'm a mechanical engineer. I love, love, love internal combustion engines. I even got a PhD developing an algorithm to optimize efficiency for a natural gas engine and have a couple of SAE technical papers and one ASME technical transaction paper further documenting our work. But I love this project. You're doing things right. Ethically, I'd ask you to consider finding non-cobalt batteries, but all-in-all a cool project. I look forward to seeing your progress.
Everyone that has negative things to say about your project, needs to spend less time commenting and more time listening and learning. The Jeep was a pile or rusted junk. You could have scrapped it and you still did it more justice than anyone else did. And as far as a collectable, that only applies if it is whole and original, which is impossible. Restoration of that vehicle would be building one nearly from scratch since there was little of it left to begin with. To each their own. You do you. I admire your attitude towards the project and your commitment to doing what you want and not being swayed by the masses. Great work man! And I look forward to seeing the electric conversion in operation. I have been wanting to build an electric vehicle for some time. Just haven't had that opportunity yet. I get to experience it somewhat by watching you attempt it. Happy fabricating man!
First off, thank you for SO many cuts for the dialog - with a LOT of researched facts. That's a lot of filming and editing work and it paid off.
Second, you do you. I'm really tired of arm chair experts.
It's about time everyone talked with other people, including people you disagree with, with respect and get over themselves and lock down their out of control fragile ego.
Keep going man!
Thank you ever so much for correctly pronouncing Willys. It really grinds my gears to hear “Willy’s”, especially coming from those enthusiasts who really ought to know better.
Former ‘74 CJ-6 w/304 v-8 owner, looking forward to seeing this progress. Wonderful project I would like to do the same. Most fun thing is creeping through the woods and not scaring the wildlife.
I'm not a jeep guy, at all, but I am a classic 4x4 guy, so when you said you wanted to go electric I got a shot of pain from my hip up my spine to my jaw... but now that I got your reasoning... I'm in! Can't wait to see the progress...
I Appreciate & Respect you stepping out of the Box. I Look Forward to the Build.
I’ve just come across your channel and am thoroughly enjoying your project. I agree with your electric conversion. Stuff the blow-hards - soldier on! I also liked your short divergence in history and philosophy. Cheers from England. I’ve subscribed.
Heck yes I love the attitude! I'm excited to see how well the motor and the transmission play together, I can't imagine the bearings will be stoked at running at 12k but if they asplod then it won't be difficult to drop some in that can handle it
Yeah, I don’t think I’ll run close to that. 12k would be something like 120mph in second gear, and I doubt the miter will push something with the aerodynamics if a refrigerator anywhere close to that fast, and if it does, the overall handling of the vehicle wouldn’t allow it anyway.
Thats soo cool! It's going to be a joy following this build.
New subscriber here. This is really impressive. I'm more of a Jeep purist, but I love to see people doing innovative stuff like this. I look forward to seeing you finished up
All these electric conversions are an outrage! I am outraged! This is outrageous! Carry on...
I love what you're doing mate, ignore the haters, what you're going to end up with is a fantastic thing, basically a brand new 50's jeep that is useful in the modern day, and its not anything that you can't reverse back to oem if you ever wanted to, I think its great what you're doing.
The channel name is: Jeremy makes things. Thank you for taking us on a view into Your creations!!
Cool idea. I'm a super jeep guy who completely restored a '78 CJ7 and am now in the middle of a '49 Willys truck. While i usually restore back to factory, I love stuff like this. I think its cool. Keep up the good work!
Jeremy, really looking forward to following this build! Might inspire me to get out and do an electric drivetrain build for my CJ7 and or CJ8.... Agree 100% that Jeeps are what you want to make of them. Much better giving the CJ new life than letting it rust to pieces. Ignore those that don't understand what you are creating!
“Because I want to” -> thumbs up!
Your explanation of why you are doing things to your own vehicle amuses me greatly. I own a 46 willys cj2a and your project while not what I'd do to one is still pretty awesome to get to watch. Keep up the great work and content.
So happy you are electrifying your Jeep. As soon as you are done I will be following your lead with my 1980 CJ7.
Looking forward to this one Jeremy, good on ya going with electric.
Right on man. Logic, humor and a little TOT sprinkled on top. Onward!
I'm really excited for this project. At some point I plan on doing my own EV conversion project. I just haven't decided what vehicle I want to make the donor.
An electric jeep sounds awesome. I can't wait to see how it comes out. And to those haters, there gonna hate. As for me, I love the idea.
Jeremy, I cannot help think the torch and pitchfork mob that are screaming heresy would not have bothered to pull the poor old thing out of the woods in the first place. Much less have the wherewithal to do something if they did. It's your Jeep and you can modify it as you wish. At some point we are going to bump into each other and I will be keen to see it and scope it out. Cheers neighbor👍
This is your best video yet.
Love the rants of this guy!
I'm a super Jeep nerd and I think this is exactly with the Jeep spirit. I'm inspired to do this to my old cj5.
Love the way you stated your intentions its your jeep and you can do anything you want to with it. Also the parts your using make perfect sense.
Absolutely awesome!!! Keep telling it like it is, its one of the many reasons this is a great channel. Make it run on hamster power, who cares, I'll still watch.
Lol this is awesome. The vintage Jeep community are a bunch of crabby old dudes. I've got two original condition vintage jeeps, so I'm very familiar with that community. I'm all about preserving and keeping them original when they're in good shape, but the ones that need every little thing replaced are fair game to do whatever with in my eyes. I've gone through switching one to electric in my mind many times, I'm glad to find someone who actually did it. Can't wait to see the rest of your videos
This is an awesome series, can't wait to see how everything comes together!
I'm a new subscriber and I just want to say I love the content thank you...
I'm very interested.... I'm wanting to do this exact same thing! Definitely going to follow your progress!
I wholeheartedly support the vision of this project!!!!!
I’ve dreamt of doing the same for decades.
This is so cool, love the EV conversion, my dream car is an old Landrover Defender converted to electric!
This is going to be a cool project, looking forward to following along, Thanks.
This project just got at least 10x more interesting!
I have a 74 CJ5 that I've owned for 35 years. I've rebuilt it once. I will never sell it. When the day comes to convert it to electric I will gladly do so, and continue to enjoy my Jeep until I'm too old to drive it.
Crazy! I was thinking about this when I got my CJ7. Thought it would be so cool to have an electric motor into a manual trans n transfer case. Interesting idea. Im glad you are wasting your money on it 😂 I will stay tuned. 👍
I think it's an awesome idea, a great project, and maybe one day you can park it next to my dream project, which is a TJ chassis with a Prius body.
Really looking forward to the project
I like this project and your attitude😀
hell yeah! I'd love to do some kinda electric conversion but I'm just not there yet skillswise. ecited to watch!
Jeremy I live in a city, I garden, I have some pole beans that are 12 feet tall 😱😱, not one single bean 😭😭, I have 21 tomato plants, maybe I will get a dozen tomatoes 🤬🤬🤬, I had to cut the greenery on my onions because they had mould on them 🤬🤬🤬🤬🤬, I made a makeshift greenhouse over the raised bed where the onions are, still August, September and some October, hope to get some onions. All this rain is not NORMAL, go for your conversion, I will watch
I am looking forward to the project.
Pure gold 🤣🤣🤣. Second only to the Airing of Grievances. I needed this today!
Heck yeah. This looks like a fun project
Sounds like a great project to me.
My son has thought about doing a CJ, this is an interesting potential template to follow.
I’ll be checking out the Open Inverter stuff tomorrow!
brilliant video, everything you said was spot on. historically, i am not a big EV guy, but you might be influencing me. keep talking and keep posting. please.
I dragged my own jeep out of the woods and will put in a chevy engine - cuz that's what I have. Looking forward to your build.
Hi Jeremy. Loved the video I'm looking forward to the next instalment.
Oh man, that’s smart car but was awesome! 😅 keep it up Jeremy, I’m excited for you!
Oh no, I should have waited, a Prius controlled, Smart car powered Jeep! Beautiful!
Very cool! Id love to do this to my FC someday. Very excited to see how you do it!
Man, that would be my next dream project. I imagine putting all the batteries in the back to actually make it balanced, and then ditching the doghouse for the motor and putting in a bench seat….
Looks like I will love this project
I appreciate you Jeremy!!
Glad you're doing it.
RAD!, looking really forward for this conversion!; thanks for sharing 🙂
Great idea! Do what you like.
I put a massive rubber band in mine....pushing it backwards is a bit of a pain...
Great video. (Fossil fuel is bad? Who knew?) Cheers from the Pacific West Coast of Canada
To hell with the naysayers Jeremy, this just got a lot more relevant and interesting. There are literally thousands of restored CJ5’s on the road and a lot have had a powertrain upgrade and yours will be no different. Resto rod springs to mind. Personally, I think you will gain even more subscribers with a project like this, and to me, it’s the way of the future for keeping classic cars on the road. You can already buy electric an E type Jag. Cheers mate, Stuart 🇦🇺
Haven’t seen a Jeep converted on RUclips before. This should be interesting 👍🙂
The most Jeep thing you can do is, do what you want! You don’t have to like other people’s adaptations, but I think capability is essence of a jeep. If your idea of capability is turning heads at a shopping mall, scaling mountains, hosing happy meal remains out drain holes, doing a Museum Grade restoration, or re-powering it with something different. The individual determines the capability. That’s what makes Jeeps fun!
I love the attitude
brilliant 🙂a fascinating project!!
Thank you for pronouncing Willys correctly. :)
I subscribed because even though I am more of a purest and like things to be restored as they were, I really want to see how this turns out. After all, in this case, you can only go up since there wasn't much left to begin with.
Love the fact of having a smart motor in a jeep!!😂
I love everything about this.
You do you, Jeremy.
❤❤❤ love this idea and keep doing this ive done trails.
I love the jeep comunity and have had an working 1969 cj-5 for years now thanks yo my amazing 2 fathers before me. 🤛🤜🤛🤜
Also where are you giving this moter away ?
New Hampshire
Great Video! I think you hit just the right tone, though I am tone deaf, so what do I know.
I am one of those people that am not a fan of electric cars or anything that goes along with them. Although I didn’t comment on any of the prior videos. All that being said I enjoy your videos a lot because I always learn something along the way and that’s what I’m here for. So I think I’ll “ Stick around “. Thanks
Instant torque!
Ignore the haters, this is great
I'm glad for any electrification project at any scale, because a lot of power companies aren't meaningfully beholden to their customers like yours. Companies that don't have a member elected board like yours are prone to making decisions based on short term financial balancing, which usually involves minimizing maintenance and only improving as literally required. More demand on the power grid forces even these companies to invest in improving their grids because they only get so much say in the nature of demand.
That and, fuel burning efficiency improves with scale, so more power is extracted from the same fuel, producing less pollution, when burned at a power plant; and the grid is source agnostic, so those power plants can be improved and replaced; making your jeep better for the world over time.
Smarts are nice cars. Been driving them for ~20 years… Swapped my 60ish hp 1st gen Smart to a 3rd gen 90 hp one 😅. And yes, the electric variant would have been a lot cheaper but it's a real city car with very low range, so I am still on the gaz guzzler becaus I don't want to think about the „range“ when driving.
Great and very interesting project ! 👍👍👍
Well Sir. I watch, because you make things... I learn ;-) (and by the way, you make a lot of great things...)
You do you and I keep watching!! Match made in heaven. Go make more heaven please!!!!
The only thing I would like to know is whether you're going with headers or a single exhaust on this Jeep!
Keep it up, buddy!
Loved this video. Subscribing now.
SMART car motor - that had me LOLing!!!
Power is derived from a mandate from the masses!
I thought it was derived from a farcical aquatic ceremony. #edgelord
I so want to do this and I'm a jeep guy!
I think it’s a great idea! Go for it.
Maybe even get a second motor and drive the front an rear diff with separate. No transfer case or transmission needed.
To get the gear reduction in the right ballpark, having the transmission will be helpful. Most EV’s have final drive ration between 8-10:1. With 5.38 gears in the differential and a 1.55 second gear, that will put me at 8.34:1. And I like the idea of having the low range in the transfer case. And I’ll be able to spin the motor backwards, put the transmission in reverse and transfer case in low and get about a 50:1 crawl ratio.
Plus the twin stick transfer case is cool.
Can’t wait to see more!
I'm here to learn too. I could care less about the jeep part of this. Do whatever makes you happy!
I'm glad you're doing your own thing and ignoring the purists, fanatics and dickheads. i'm looking forward to seeing the end result of this labour of love. A few of your comments got a giggle or two.