Hemolytic disease of the newborn
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- Опубликовано: 15 окт 2024
- This problem arises as a result of the genetic transmission of Rhesus factor from parents to children. When a mother is Rh negative and the father is Rh positive there is a chance the baby will be Rhesus positive. There will be a 50% or a 100% chance of a baby being Rhesus positive depending on the genetic makeup of the father.
In Rh incompatibility the mother will develop Rh antibodies if there is blood to blood contact with her Rh positive baby. Mixing of maternal and baby blood may occur during birth. The rhesus factor in the baby’s blood will act as an antigen in the circulation of the mother, causing her to produce Rh factor antibodies. This does not usually affect the baby during the first pregnancy, however during subsequent pregnancies she will already possess antibodies to the Rh factor. This can result in the mother’s antibodies crossing the placenta and attacking the baby’s blood, leading to a condition called haemolytic disease of the newborn. Affected babies have a reduced oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and are jaundiced due to the presence of red cell breakdown products such as bilirubin.
This complication should now be prevented by the administration of an Anti D injection, given to the mother after the birth of every baby. These injected D antibodies quickly destroy (mop up) any Rh-positive baby cells in the mother’s blood. The result of this intervention is Rh-positive cells are not present in the maternal circulation for long enough to stimulate the mother’s immune system to produce antibodies to the Rhesus factor.
Thank you a lot this 14 minutes are absolutely not wasted I can now fully understand hemolytic disease of the newborn forever.
BY FAR the best explanation of hemolytic disease I have seen or read, either online or in person by doctors or nurses. We have been researching this extensively trying to decide whether or not to give this shot to my wife during her first pregnancy.
We will, but we will make sure it contains no Thimerosal/Mercury.
Thank you for helping us to make an informed decision.
Great videos. I'm in med school and use these to untangle the overly complicated way faculty feel this material needs to be presented. My thanks!
Jeff Hawkins -BEST of luck to you! I wanted to go to med school back in the day,but things just never worked out. Hope you have a great career! I'm sure you will help many.
Yes, the is over-complicating a common problem.
So beautifully and simply explained. Thank you so much. This is a 8 year old people and still helping doctors like me. Hope you are doing well
Really great. Not just explaining the disease, but also the solution, thanks!
Excellent! I plan to show this to every ER caregiver I know who lets a 26-week mom, who may have suffered mild trauma, walk out without a T&S and, if required, RHIG. We're sitting in Blood Bank looking (shocked) at discharge paperwork. . .while on the phone, chasing down mom, and yes, writing up the incident.
Mild trauma from what?
Husband was o+ where I was o-,first two pregnancies turned out to be o+ blood group. Third pregnancy baby was o-. This was very enlighten to watch.Thank you
Simply awesome sir. You have explained such a complicated topic with such ease and perfection, so easy to grasp it this way. Thank you for this wonderful video. Please keep uploading more of such videos.
I'm Rh Negative, and I've had four healthy children, my doctor told me straight with my first child..I had to have a injection in my bum after every birth ...but was straight forward with no complications ..NHS thank you 🙏🌈
Great videos. I'm a student midwife and find your videos extremely helpful thank you. Xx
Superb description of the use of passive immunity therapy by giving anti-Rh antibody immunoglobulin to the mother to suppress development of anti-Rh IgG by the mother. Dr. Campbell, you are the teacher we all wish we had had. I’m sure I speak for many when I say “We are all thankful for your lucid instruction”.
Thanks very much, that was a very good presentation.thank you once again
Thank you Dr Campbell your videos are so helpful for medschool!
This is a great informative video, much better than the “I don’t know” reply I had from the nurse at the hospital when I asked how the anti d injection worked. I was hoping you may be able to explain a few more things for me please as I am struggling to find out certain information. Is it true that the anti d injection is made from rh - male doners who have recently had a blood transfusion, or who have volunteered to be injected with rh + blood? I have also read that the doners are sourced from north America for UK patients, I just wondered why this is the case, is it true? Also, when offered the injection at 26 weeks, are the doctors 100% sure that the baby is rh + or is there still a chance the baby is rh -. Are there any complications to injecting a pregnant
Mum at 26 weeks if her baby is rh -? Also, if a woman only planned on having one child, do you believe the research for receiving an anti d injection both at 26 weeks and at birth outweigh any health complications if not administered at all for a first born? Sorry for all the questions, I’d just like to understand it all a bit better. Thank you
My Aunt (by marriage) had AB negative blood and had a hard time carrying her son. She might have had a previous miscarriage, I don't know for sure as I was very young. I think they did a cesarean early and he was born with jaundice. I always wondered about this and found this video very interesting. Great teaching. I think they told her not to have any more children at that time, it was the 1960's. It was hard for her, as she always wanted a daughter.
This video is Brilliant thank you so much for this lovely explanation.
Dear Dr. Campbell, I am pregnant with my fourth child, and was told I have Antibody M. Can you explain what this means as it was new to my doctor. Thank you!
Thank you!!! Question: about when (1960’s, 1970’s) did newborns start being treated for hemolytic disease? -And are some middle-aged adults, who had Rh neg. moms, now having various anemia’s/bone marrow disorders?
Yes.i am looking into that because im rh - and dont know mom blood type because she passed on.I have blood disorder diagnosis now.
Wow!!! Thanks ! You made it so easy...THANKS Dr Campbell
My great grandmother lost 4 babies due to this. It wasn’t that long ago!
Hello Dr Campbell.My wife is pregnant and she is Rh -.We are a bit concerd about the Rhogam shot and i wonder what is your opinion on this aspect now. Specially after covid period when there were so many lies.Thank you!
I don’t know what to say to thank you
Because you explained exactly what I wanted •••👏👏👏👍👍👍👍
Sadly I wasn't giving the anti-D shot within the time frame. I'm currently expecting my second Rh incompatible baby. This was a great video for us mom's to be experiencing hemolytic disease of the newborn..
Thank you so much, it is very clear and beneficial..
Thank you doctor. My brother told his girlfriend that he was O- as he only remembered he was O. She is O- and I reminded him that he is O+ like me. Since he didn't know what this meant and never heard of this before but I remember learning this in school I decided to look up your video. Oddly enough the only reason I knew his blood type is because at a kidney walk we were encouraged to know our blood type and the Canadian Blood Services were there volunteering to take blood type tests and we learned there he is O+ and his daughter is A+ (her mother is A+) so my brother didn't have to worry about RH factor differences before. Thank you.
I’m just wondering how anti d antibody injections are used to protect the baby from getting haemolytic disease, can’t they cross the placenta just like the normal antibodies and destroy the feral red blood cells? Why is that not the case?
I understand that they protect the mother from getting sensitised and producing anti d antibodies but I’m not just not quite sure how giving anti d injections doesn’t cause the same consequences
Great !!!
It seems to be the most beneficial videos in youtube ... my Greetings from Egypt
Loved the second baby draw, legs directing the other way, not as expected... not as expected...
Is there any treatment for Anti E? My wife is Antigen ee and I am Antigen EE. Our second child is due in 6 weeks. We dont think there will be major issues with our next child that is due(aside from being induced if the blood flow is showing issues or tider levels increased) but we intended on having 2 more. From different resources I have watched and read state that with 3rd,4th,5th etc etc children the risk for Anemia is higher with those children then they were with the 2nd. Also why isnt this testing done more for parents? This could have been completely prevented if they just tested both my wife and I and given her the shot?
It won't happen if the mother is Rhesus positive and the baby is Rhesus negative?
Thank you so very much doc for the clip,made it simple for me
The best videos on RUclips! Thank you, from NYC taking Anatomy ll
exclusive osm explanation ,i became the addict of your videos plz upload more,.... thanks a lot
I’m soo lost getting the news today😢😢ThAnkU
What are the long last effects of a baby who was born with erythroblastosis in 1959, before they treated the mother. Blood transfusion took place, but I'm unaware of other treatments. Could this person have hemolytic disease?
I doubt you'd be able to answer this as I know your busy. Is there any benefit to avoiding this if I am A+o- and my wife is A-O-. Thanks for the great video also
Watching this because I am going through this.m.im rh- and I had a blood transfusion and they gave me rh+ blood and now im pregnant and at high risk pregnancy due to this ....I am so terrified 😔😔
i am in the same boat . hows the things going for u . pls reply
I had this problem with my daughter as I am rh- I did have the rogan shot but, had to bring my daughter back to the hospital as her bilirubin was very high. She didn't have to have blood transfusion they told me they put her under some type of light. My daughter tested in the top 5% of the entire US and in college they created a scholarship for her and put her in their mentally gifted program and she graduated on time with three degrees. I am blessed and thank GOD she didn't have any brain damage! The government should test people the way the used to before marriage to let them know the risks and to make informed decisions. What no one talks about are long term effects if there are any or not.
How old was your daughter when you had to bring her in
I am rh- and have been sensitized for seven years now. Iv had two healthy positive sons since and am currently in my third trimester.
With my last son my titer levels were 1.2 currently its 0.1 how is that possible?
this is very helpful really. thank you so much
Dr. John
a big thank you, first for your Covid-19 vid's (thats how i found this one) second for this one.
i am RH-blood born with VSD. you have filed in the gap i did not get in my head at the time. to young to get i was only 15 hit me with it all + the Dr (a top guy full resptet.) , how i was then, to what to look out for in the years to come.
i have push my luck in the past big time. but with Covid-19, on i play it safe.
your a top old school doctor.
Fascinating.
Mom said my little brother was jaundiced when he was born. Do you think that's because of antibodies?
Very great
So good explanation
The Rh immunization also needs to be repeated for every pregnancy, not just the first one because it wears off in 4-6 weeks?
Thanks alot doctor ♥️♥️♥️♥️+u really finally make me understand this topic 😿hope u made another videos abut allo and auto antibodies//other blood grouping///Ab screening//Ab Identification//blood transfusion reactions.....thank u again ♥️♥️♥️♥️
Thank you.Great video.really very usefull
I was born in 1974 the fourth of five children. My mom decided to not do RhoGAM with me because she was listening to a chiropractor/naturopath… They did not do blood exchange or treatment after I was born. My teeth came in black I’ve always been hyper active. I am trying to find information on lifelong Complications. I have a high IQ but many autoimmune diseases
I am trying to find information on lifelong complications as well. I have a high IQ but many autoimmune diseases. I was born in 1950.
Very helpful. Thank you so much Sir 🤗
Thank you so much Dr Campbell
Is it possible for anti d antibodies injections to be compromised now with the state of blood it is made from now after the mandates (spike protein?). Please consider answering. I have 4 healthy children and am healthy myself (unv). I want more children but Im considering the possibility of not taking the rhogam if it could be compromised and just hope for the best. Im not sensitized. All children are rh+ and the father is also.
Hi and thank you indeed for your explanation. I want to ask you if a mother has already developed an anti d antibody in her blood after her first pregnancy is there any treatment for her if she wants to get a healthy child in her next preganancy?
Yes! Rho-gam shot around 7 months of pregnancy and within 72 hours there after.
I have an older sister that has 4 children, younger that has 2, I have 2. ALL healthy!
I suffered a miscarriage which the doctors told me might have been from a miscarriage I wasn't even aware of and therefore didn't receive the Rho-gam shot. But who knows...
Excellent video - such a clear explanation.
Well explained thank you so much
I have so many questions, my son was born with G6PD deficiency, is this what happens to him? And why did both my girls not get G6PD?
Wow thank you Doctor
You explain so well!
Dr john please tell me where u teach eryhthroblastosis foetalis??
I am O- and my then husband was O+. I was not given an anti-D injection during other after birth. My second baby was stillborn at 26 weeks and I was given 2 anti-D injections following this birth. Until menopause, every month I had my period, the injection sites became large red hot lumps. Any explanation please Dr Campbell. I was told not to become pregnant again and I didn't.
Why does he pronounce rhesus the same as recess?
great teacher! fascinating...
I'm A- and husband is B+. I've had 2 miscarriages and one healthy birth. Our daughter is 2 and healthy but little Stinker has O+ blood so I've had to take rhogam both times I miscarried, when I was 28 weeks, and after I delivered. Ive always wondered if this is why I've miscarried, bc our blood types are incompatible.
I got my Anti-K antibodies through two blood transfusions, as I had a Hemoglobin of 6 when I delivered my son. I am now pregnant again and have shown anti-K antibodies in my blood test at 8 weeks pregnant. Why don't they automatically administer the Anti-D vaccine after blood transfusions? It would've saved me all this worry and possibly the life of my baby. I didn't even know this was a possible side-effect of needing a blood transfusion.
Can two negatives produce a positive blood type?
Hi doc. I look over the internet about the vice versa which my wife is rh+ and me with rh- but I don't get satisfying explanation on this. We manage to get our first child but we struggled to get the 2nd baby. FYI, my wife had gone through 3 silent death babies after our first born. I am suspecting that the rhesus was playing a big part in it. I wonder why rh+ mother with rh- fetus is not applicable with this disease since they are not compatible and my wife rh+ should do bad impact on the rh- fetus just like your explanation but vice versa. Hope you can help me with this
What happens when the baby is born with hdn as a result of incompatibility, did not receive a blood transfusion, but did have jaundice, enlarged liver and spleen, and distended abdomen? Are there medical complications as the child ages and into adulthood?
extremely helpful explanation sir!
But,whats the case if the father is Rh -ve and mother Rh +ve?
kashish shah Only happens if the mum is RH negative
Karensa St Clair thank you! although ik it now lol
I am Risus negative nil How does this happen . A friend of mine was Races negative The doctor said we're completely different
can the injected anti-D IgG not cross the placenta and attack the fetus?
Did u get any explanation ..if u have please write down..
You are the best! Thank you!
I am RH- i have 5 kids girls and boys and they are all heathy and happy. Yes i had many battles with my health but kids are bright skarks 😉
Thank You Dr.
Does this ruin the chance of having a healthy baby? Mentally and physically???
what an amazing explanation.. 👌👌👌👌
thank you, you are the best on youtube!
Thank you so much 🙏🏻
Am 20 weeks pregnant and am rh negative , an ICT test was conducted and it turned positive and the the gyna said I would not get the anti D injection, that they would only monitor the feutus through the scan.....am frustrated because I don't know of what will happen. This is my second pregnancy and the first one turned to be rh positive... During the first pregnancy I was given anti D at 28weeks and at birth .kindly advice me doctor
Thanks, have learnt alot
Dr Campbell..ditto that this was an incredible explanation! I can't thank you enough !
SOS I have a question ..I am pos ; mom neg and dad pos ..mom can't recall if she ever got the shot. Prior to me, mom's first pregnancy was a miscarriage at about 3 months mom said. I have had a LOT of very unique health problems and wonder ..even if a baby is not born with this horrific condition, if mom say had some antibodies hanging around when I was (taken out my forceps ) born (including very bad nose bleeds; anemia ; cyncop / passing out as a child ..gastro and Endo issues .. endometriosis ..I could go on all day !) so that even a few of these antibodies could possibly have negativity permanently impacted the health of the child. I have a feeling I am not the only only one with this question born in the 60s...but if you would prefer to private message me the answer instead of "taking a leap" at s public answer I would be so grateful either way ..thank you again for this incedible video !
How can the igg antibody comes in contact during 2nd baby?? If through ambical coard!!! Then why not the first time the blood of rh- blood can't mix up with the rh+ blood of foetus??
Thank you so much doctor. My wife is RH negative and I'm RH positive and we recently got our first baby boy. She got the shot around when she was 6 months. Fast forward 3 months boom the baby is RH positive.. the doctors told us to buy Rhogam and bring it to him withing 72 hours after delivery. We live in a third world country specificly in Ethiopia.
Long story short we could not find the damn Rhogam any where in the city and I was so frustrated knowing the next pregnancy could end up in complication if the baby is RH positive like the first one but I had to travel to another city some 300 kilometers away and find the rhogam and we ended up finding one. But I'm not sure if it was real rhogam considering the lack of regulation of stuff that comes in and out of the country the pharmacy we bought it from gave us unprocessed rhogam with its water. Does such thing exist? Powder rhogam shot with its water and just mix up?
This video is so helpful👑🙏🙏
Sir,
u said that the injection should be given within 24 hrs after the first delivery, but wont she have developed antibodies by then
It actually needs to be given within 72 hours after delivery. If the mother was given the Rho-gam shot at 7 months, all is fine. Hope this helps.
I'm A negative, had two pregnancies. I had a miscarriage that the doctors believed was due to an early miscarriage that I wasn't aware of and didn't receive the shot.
I was blessed with a healthy daughter and son. :)
what if the second baby is by a different father with o negative blood
Is the beginning of a pregnancy
thank you! well explained
Hello! what if I am 33 weeks pregnant and just found out that I have the M antibody ? Will it affect the baby ? Do I still take the ultrasound to find out OR wait until the baby is born ?
Thank you so much for a very informative and well explained video . 🙏🏽
please let me know how the things went I mean what u did and how was your baby when you gave birth
Can the blood cross over during a miscarriage not just birth ?
I was originally told I was b negative with my first child and then after I had my son and then last year had a miscarriage I got told I was b positive not negative I've had countless blood tests done and they say b positive with anti jka antibodies but the other day I got more bloods at 34 weeks pregnant and now they are saying they don't know whether I am b positive or b negative, will this affect baby as they are unsure of what I am? I didn't have this antibody until after my loss
Well done!!!
Thank you for the explanation!
A quick question.. when giving the anti-D injection to prevent haemolytic disease, wouldn't the anti-D antibody travel through the placenta and cause haemolysis of the fetal red blood cells? Or is it simply because the administered anti-D injection does not have enough Antibodies to cause such an problem?
Many thanks!
+Jackson Pat Its OK, as you give the anti-D shortly after the birth. If you gave it before, I expect there would be some trans-placental transfer.
Is every negative blood type Rh-?
Yes
Wish you were my professor!
thank you so much!!
So after pregnancy, blood group of mather may change from -ve to +ve??? ""
Thanks great video.
I have one confusion. Recently my wife with A- blood got aborted less than 10 weeks using some aborted tablets. But we taken Anti-D injection after 2 weeks. Will it effect in future baby?. Aldo Want to know in which month both mother and baby blood cells will mix. Kindly let me know.
You're terrible
Hi Dr Campbell, if an Indirect Coombs Test is negative, is it mandatory to have the Anti D during or after the pregnancy or both for the second pregnancy?
Beautiful explanation!!!
Thank you Dr. Campbell.....since I am O- and Rh- , this explains why I was NOT able to carry my 4th pregnancy beyond my 1st trimester...I remember the nurse was very late [just shy of 72 hour] in giving me the Rh shot after I delivered my 3rd child......my blood basically disintegrated the 4th one.
Sending you x hug I’m very sorry x
Mother RH- FATHER-RH +. Born a " blue baby", if you will (cyanotic) TOTAL blood transfuse.Was 2nd child.Half brother from different father.No problem w/him. I'm ok. They didn't have any immunization back then tho.Her 1st husband was also blond/blue like her..My father was black hair/brown eyed. Informative video.Thx.
Greetings Doctor
Many on social media claim Rh negative humans are not from the same planet as the others, considering when exposed to positive blood there is some sort of a rejection process going on, what do you think of these alien theories?
+jessyka power People with Rh negative blood have the same DNA sequences, which code for the same proteins, its just that they do not produce one red cell surface antigen for reasons of genetic diversity. They produce energy in the same way, using the same ADP / ATP mechanisms, coded for by the same genes. Their mitochondira are the same, containing the same genetic sequences. They have all of the same organs, muscles and bones in the same places as everyone else. Their proteins are all human type proteome proteins. They are able to reproduce with other members of their species.
Yes but they can receive blood only from their own kind, is that not a little bit odd?
And before all these medical discoveries about Rh negatives mixing with positives, there must have been millions of children born unhealthy, no?
jessyka power I'm sorry.I just think that is so stupid.Beware of things on YT! I mean, all this "reptilian" B.S. is ridiculous!
Dr. John Campbell THANKS for setting some straight! They are SO INTO this "ALIEN" thing that it's ridiculous.Its SCIENCE! I was an RH Baby.I almost died.Needed total transfuse at birth. Was 2nd child from a different father.Im fine now.And I've been around for awhile.
I’m A RH N what do I do. I believe I’m damed???
I had my first son he is positive I received the vaccine,after eight years I had a miscarriage (7weeks) I didn't receive the vaccine..after few months another miscarriage..again not vaccine..I ask about the coombs and my resutl was positive...can you please doc explain the safety way to have a baby in this case?
Im sorry you are having these difficulties Carol, do you have a good local doctor?
Hlw carol, my problem is same. Please you give me result after you find this. Please
@@sonamdas4986 the doctor just said that my sensitize is too low..I'm waiting for my next appointment cause when I talked with him I'm was trying conceive and last week I got my positive pregnancy test! I'll call to my GP this week to see what's comes next..I'm back to tell you about the news.. Probably I need to check my antibodies again to check levels are same or increasing.. sorry about my bad English.
Oh... you r a sweet person. Thank you for your reply and i am waiting your next information. Thank you a lot dear.
Hi dear, did you go to the doctor? What did doctor say? Please reply.