Great Circle, Small Circle, Rhumb Line, Convergency & Conversion Angle |The Earth | GenNav EASA ATPL

This video explains the concept of Great Circle, Small Circle, Rhumb Line, Convergency & Conversion Angle, which is a part of EASA ATPL ground training syllabus. Great Circle is any line on the surface of the earth where its plane cut the earth centre.
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The shortest distance between two positions on the surface of the earth is connected via a Great Circle. When flying along great circle track will continually changing.
A small circle is any line on the surface of the earth where it plane does not cut the earth centre. All parallel of latitude is a small circle except equator.
Rhumb line is a line on the earth's surface, cutting all meridians at the same angle. When you fly a Rhumb line track, you are not flying a Great Circle Track, except when Flying along Equator and Meridian (Longitude).
Covergency is the angle that one meridian on the earth’s surface makes with another. It equals the angular difference between the measurements of the great circle at each meridian. Convergence and Convergency gave similar meaning and can be used interchangeably.
Convergence formula:
• Earth
Conv = CHLong × Sin Mean Lat
• Chart
• Polar Stereographic
Conv = CHLong
• Lambert Conformal
Conv = CHLong × Sin Parallel of Origin
• Mercator
Conv = CHLong × Sin Parallel of Origin
Conversion angle is the angle between the Great Circle Track and Rhumb Line Track.
Reference
Convergency Definition: aviation_dictionary.enacademic.com/1700/convergency
Enjoy the Video…
p/s: If you have any question regarding EASA ATPL’s questions, please share it in the comment. I will try to answer it as soon as possible, and I might post a video explaining the answer.

[@MrCed0802]

I was stuck on this. Your 12 min video solved it all. Great explanation ! Great work. Thanks

[@AnsweringATPL]

Thank you for your kind comments

[@musictube17]

Thank you very much for this video. I also love that you responded to everyone, so nice and wholesome. Blue skies and fair winds brother.

[@AnsweringATPL]

Thank you very much for your kind words

[@arazali4002]

Mr. ...I would like to ask you can you make a lesson on sin & cousin and how much it's useful for solving aviation subject's thanks so much your best teacher.

[@Johnyaccdad]

Beautiful stuff

[@AnsweringATPL]

Thank you

[@readhkeder8698]

very very good, simple , clear , nice explaining , thank you

[@AnsweringATPL]

Glad it was helpful!

[@Noorslifestyle1]

Thanku for great content

[@spiritguy3181]

Great video solved a million doubts!!! 😄

[@AnsweringATPL]

So glad to hear!

[@ajazakbar3336]

Thank you very much sir for this video.🌹❤️🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹❤️🌹🌹❤️❤️🌹🌹🌹🌹❤️🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹

[@divyanshumehta9229]

It was AMAZING!!!!!!
PLEASE DO MAKE MORE VIDEOS.

[@AnsweringATPL]

I'll try

[@phillipantal007]

thanks for the video, very helpful! keep up the good work!

[@AnsweringATPL]

Thanks

[@snazzylogan]

Thanks for a amazing video, cleared all my doubts

[@AnsweringATPL]

Glad it helped

[@BerPlanespottingHD]

Very helpful video, thank you for your explanations.

[@AnsweringATPL]

Welcome

[@ShashiKumar-uz7ht]

Best explanation 👌

[@AnsweringATPL]

Glad you think so!

[@hmabboud]

What do we do with the Convergency & Conversion Angle as pilots?

[@pasex00]

what happens to your GC initial and final track if you start from 10 N and end at 20 S with a let's say 30 deg of longitude change?

[@sujithchandar9622]

Please try to solve some sumes....

[@azanasiaandromanetsiku2447]

Txs for ur excelent video . but why do we need to know the convergence? is this the starting route and the end route?

[@AnsweringATPL]

Yes, correct you need to know it. It is part of the syllabus. Convergence is the difference between GCT at the start and GCT at the end. It happen due to meridian (longitude) convergence. Since we measure direction from these converging meridian that is why the direction is constantly changing.

[@azanasiaandromanetsiku2447]

@@AnsweringATPL txs alot for your reply

[@AnsweringATPL]

@@azanasiaandromanetsiku2447 You are most welcome. Sorry for the late reply. I am really busy this whole week.

[@pratikpawar2316]

Thanks Bro Helped Alot❤️💯

[@AnsweringATPL]

Glad it helped

[@pratikpawar2316]

Answering ATPL can you just solve some examples of different types based on convergence and converging Angle?

[@AnsweringATPL]

@@pratikpawar2316 try check this playlist. ruclips.net/p/PL_L_VJ-n00iJ3qjThXFIPQYnmuQSXVgar
The basic rules are:
If the question gave Great Circle Track use convergence
If the question gives Rhumb Line Track or the positions given by the question is on the same latitude use Conversion angle

[@cvetanzdravkov9986]

Great work, your videos are really helpful!

[@AnsweringATPL]

Glad to hear that

[@zaidayad2773]

In some questions in AE they use the CA in calculations and sometimes they use only C , could you clarify the reasons please.

[@AnsweringATPL]

CA is used when you know the RHUMB line track usually when aircraft travel along the same latitude either 090 direction or 270 direction. Conversion is used when you does not know the RHUMB line track usually when the aircraft travel between two different Latitude.

[@yvonneburggraaf1359]

thanks!

[@AnsweringATPL]

Welcome

[@eskinsa]

Thank you so much

[@AnsweringATPL]

Welcome

[@yosepgoklasnababan7994]

Thank you, Please Tell me, How To Define Sunrise Time, Sunset,

[@AnsweringATPL]

Sunrise and sunset time is published in air almanac. Every longitude have different sunrise and sunset time. Go to this link to read more about Sunrise and Sunset www.theairlinepilots.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=31&t=697

[@ramibensabini17]

do we need these calculation for the ppl exam?

[@AnsweringATPL]

I am sorry, I do not know. I never take ppl

[@amberheard2869]

why when the plane has two points which are antipodal or equal then the great circle is not unique?

[@AnsweringATPL]

Hello @WilliamJohn could you please rephrase the question. I do not understand your question.

[@amberheard2869]

@@AnsweringATPL hehe now I understand it i was trying to ask why 2 point in plane when it is antipodal then it has not unique great circle I know answer there are infinite non antipodal and points that are not equal have unique you can slide a plane which intersect the origin of the sphere

[@AnsweringATPL]

@@amberheard2869The centre of Great Circle plane, is co-located with the centre of the earth all points on the great circle have an antipodal position along that Great Circle (If the Great Circle wrap around the planet). Since the centre of Small Circle plane is not co-located with the centre of the earth. The point along Small Circle have no antipodal position.

[@muhaimi92]

Are you Malaysian? Sounds like one 😁

[@AnsweringATPL]

Yes I am

[@muhaimi92]

Answering ATPL nice to know that. Are you in airline or flying school business? Greeting from MFA,will study your videos for my exam prep.

[@AnsweringATPL]

@@muhaimi92 tq