The Supervolcano in Nevada with Lithium; Timber Mountain
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- Опубликовано: 11 окт 2024
- One of the youngest supervolcanoes on the planet is located within southwest Nevada. This supervolcano, although extinct, produced several successive supermassive eruptions over the course of the last 15 million years. Today, this ancient volcano is a boom for mining as its rhyolite is the source of one of the world's largest lithium deposits. This video will discuss this volcanic complex, and its modern ore bodies.
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Although this individual supervolcano will never erupt again, several young basaltic fields exists around its edge. Thus, more small cinder cone forming eruptions (such as the one 80,000 years ago at Crater Flat) are possible albeit unlikely. It is quite fascinating how this supervolcano formed one of the world's largest lithium deposits.
Not to ask a rookie question, but is this one a part of/connected to the yellowstone superV in any way?
@@idahogreen2885 not really, they're not that close to each other
@@idahogreen2885 No not at all
@@idahogreen2885 it is not. It’s formation is likely related to the same geologic forces which formed the long valley supervolcano, however
@@GeologyHub do you think yellow stone is likely to erupt any time soon and would it really be world ending?
That was a cool briefing - especially to hear that we have a tremendous quantity of Lithium on hand within the United States in Nevada.
Yes, but overlie the anti-mining pistol and just go ahead and shoot yourself in the foot. Figuratively, of course.
Lithium ownership would be very lucrative, correct? Is this area developed and mined? I hope not - our land is plundered enough as it is.
Nevada, and I’ll assume the Federal Government, being this deposit is inside the Nevada Test Site, owns all mineral rights under the state. I bet both governments are gonna GET RICH off the mineral rights!!!
@@galesummers2704 Whose land would you like to be "plundered" for us to get enough lithium for our solar panels and electric cars?
you should do a series on extinct volcanoes, talk about when they erupted and stopped erupting, what era they erupted in and the threat they’d pose if they erupted today cause that’d be very interesting
That should include the famous Yosemite National park
As someone on the east coast of the US, I would love to see that myself. The Monteregion Hills in Southern Quebec may be the remains of a series of hot spot volcanoes from the Cretaceous. The same hot spot has been suggested as the source of the Adirondack Mountains' uplift and the formation of several seamounts off the coast of Maine and New Hampshire.
I'll worried about Lagarita, Wah Wah Springs. Although it's extinct. But i still be worried
@@lovehawks2814 I will be covering another ancient Quebec supervolcano in an upcoming video :)
I am fascinated by the quantity of volcanic eruptions seen today. Are there more at one time than in our recent geological history?
Here is a tip for you. In the south of Sweden there is a large area of hundreds of small extinct volcanoes that was active 100-200 million years ago during the age of Pangea. What's interesting is that Sweden today is one of the most geologically stable areas in the world but when the volcanoes where active it was probably extremely violent with many active faults that created mountains that actually cracked and split from the forces. Today you can still see the eroded basalt remnants and horsts.
That's interesting, my country Brazil also has a bunch of extinct volcanoes and was very active during the Gondwana continental drift, the Paraná Etendeka traps are some of the largest volcanic deposits in the world.
@@caiolucas8257 I'll be looking into that, sounds interesting.
Although Sweden is very geologically stable, I will admit I was still surprised to find that it hasn’t produced any tertiary volcanics. Ancient volcanoes are a fun topic which I enjoy branching into. I will look into the province you described
Basalt...may be related to the rifting that ended up as the Atlantic, or could be a monogenetic volcanic field, which consisted of many scattered scoria cones and maars.
There is one more "recent" volcano ("recent" as in after the the continent was formed some 1800 million years ago), the Alnön complex that was active 500 million years ago. But that one was a mighty beast.
Some geologists have speculated that the lava field in the south of Sweden will wake up again as there are signs of rift activity in the fault line there. But probably not for millions of years yet.
Hands down one of the most interesting channels on RUclips.
I love Nevada! I was Born in Carson City NV in 63, and it was a glorious childhood, running and cycling all over the place!!! And my Dads Best Friend was like a Mountain Man!! I love NV!!!
I wasn't there for the first time this year. NV is interesting
I'm learning more in a few months of watching this channel than I have over my lifetime (68). I never knew about this one either and it'd relevance regarding Lithium
honestly you should cover more basin and range supervolcanoes, even though a lot of them aren't that well studied, definitely is an interesting piece of geology!
It's interesting. I for instance never realized there are 49 active volcanoes world wide I'm glad most of it is natural ongoings and nothing to be overly concerned about. Thanks for your coverage of the subject.
The output of CO2 and SO2 from volcanoes is more alarming than cow farts.
49 is just the number of currently erupting volcanos. There are far more volcanos which can be described as active
@@Cwra1smith CO2 from volcanoes although impressive does not compare to human emissions. Trust me, I’ve studied volcanoes for a long time. What causes volcano related climate change is sulfur dioxide, as it blocks sunlight
There are likely 1300+ active volcanoes around the world but 49 are currently erupting :D
I enjoyed this video so much I watched it 5 times just to make sure I completely understood the syllabus… Thanks for revealing this unknown gem 💎
Excellent stuff GH. And I like the way you've included a quick overview of some of the 'economic geology' considerations. The ECOLOGICAL cost of the probable increased mining development might be worth looking at, at least at a low resolution to start with, as this is bound to become a necessary part of the debate, though I am aware that it might be something outside your primary scope of expertise. Either way, we'll need some solid facts on the subject, and you have a clear knack for sifting and explaining them. Please, carry on the good work, and thank you for the your efforts thus far... :-)
Although a good debate is needed, I’m of the opinion that the lithium mining in this case is justified, as it’s the lesser of several potential environmentally damaging options. Since the area represents a drainage basin with no natural outlet the threat to groundwater should be minimal.
There are plenty of cases of mines which 100% shouldn’t be built due to the ecological harm they cause, a few of which are even in my home state
I’m glad you enjoy my content! :)
And of course, I absolutely love the wildlife in the area.
@@GeologyHub I agree entirely with that. Hasta pronto.
In southeastern Nevada there are a series of "flood lava" deposits that have been beautifully cross sectioned by the basin and range formations of early Nevada. They also extend into Utah along route 50 and I would love to hear a discussion on why they "erupted" so regularly with the same depth of lava to form these 50 separate layers, or so. Love your videos.
Ahhh. That's what Elon Musk was referring to, when he said, that the US has enough lithium for a century in Nevada.
Exactly. He was referring to this deposit. I believe his company either completely or partially purchased this already. One of my exploration geologists contacts helped perform this sale. I was aware of the lithium reserves there for some time and was simply waiting for a company “ok” on releasing this information (since it’s now publicly available in their economic report)
@@GeologyHub -- Neat. May it be put to good use, whatever that may be. I realize Elon Musk, to some extent, is a controversial figure, however, what his company SpaceX has achieved in reused rocket stages that can land vertically is something I find to be awe-inspiring (especially after I was fortunate enough to see a launch in person).
@@GeologyHub Was it purchased or just mining lease purchased, remember much of the land out west has BLM land and government owned now private. Mining leases totally different than land purchases. For instance a mining company can literally buy the mining rights to under my house, and in my area they actually can if they ever wanted to mine coal again do that very thing.
@@Dranzerk8908 staking mining claims on anything which isn’t:
-National park
-National monument
-state park
-wilderness area
Is surprisingly easy. About $255 for 20 acres
Yeah, and then the leftoids will close down mining because it's bad and import it from a 3rd world country in some back-room deal that only benefits politicians. Meanwhile China will build 4th rate solar and wind power that breaks constantly across the US. And Americans lose again.
Would love to know more about Missouri geology and the Warsaw Formation. We find Geodes in our creek beds here all the time and I'm curious where they come from, also the topic of Rock Hounding is just so much fun!
So interesting! Thank you for all the scientific details. I love your videos!
The automobile enthusiast magazine Jalopnik just posted a story titled "A Volcano In The U.S. Could Contain The Biggest Lithium Deposit In The World". The subject volcano is the McDermitt Caldera on the Oregon-Nevada border. Since GeologyHub did a video on the lithium deposits from the Timber Mountain Caldera in Western Nevada, I thought that I should pass this on to GeologyHub fans. This may be a good topic for a future video.
This is possibly related to the "Northern Nevada Rift" which started as NNW trending graben formation, primarily basaltic flows and cross cutting gold veins. Caused by the Yellowstone "hot spot". North of Nevada this is related to the ~3 phases of the Columbia basalts.
Along the same lines of this nice video, I’m not Texan myself, but I’ll bet that the Trans-Pecos Volcanic Belt of West Texas and Northeast Mexico would be a great topic for your channel - especially for Texas GeologyHub fans! It was a part of the Mid-Tertiary Ignimbrite Flare-Up in Western North America and at least one eruption in the Chinati Mountains 32 million years ago disgorged over 1,000 cubic kilometers of magma. And the 28 million year old trapdoor-style Santana Caldera on the Mexican side of the Rio Grande is one of the best preserved calderas of the Mid-Tertiary Ignimbrite Flare-Up.
I was looking through guatemala and noticed that in two of the biggest cities seemed to be built within caldera rims. these included the capital city Guatemala city which was built within the Amatitlán caldera. and Quetzaltenango which was built within a 20 km caldera called the "Xela caldera". I was wondering if you could explore either one of these in a video? there isn't much info on either and Xela was only mentioned in a research paper from 2011.
Its frustrating when I hear most people think that Yellowstone is the most likely supervolcano to erupt in the United States and are scared of it right now even though Long Valley is way way more active and much more likely to erupt in the near future.
Even then most of Americas super volcanoes only produce small eruptions
To be fair that is the media fault. You can't expect americans or lots of people for that matter to understand geology or about volcanos in general. Some media post is responsible for the headline "yellowstone to erupt soon" and taken out of context from then on.
@@Dranzerk8908 “Yellowstone to erupt soon*”
* = 60,000-200,000 years :D
@@GeologyHub Yellowstone is the most dangerous volcano
Yellowstone: can I just go extinct in peace?
I also find the entire concept of "overdue" phenomenon that are statistically random to be in irritating argument. "Its over due" yeah well its only 15% full of magma so its isn't like it plans to "pay back it debts" any time in our lifetimes or the realistic lifetime of this nation. (Very few nations survive 1000 years before getting overthrown/conquered/imploding/radically changed)
Really enjoy your content! thanks for sharing it.
I have been watching your work lately and i have been compelled to go way back at it and I like it like a real promise of a life after this even though that is definitely not assured. All I have to is question and hope that you will cover this: the African great plume that may be the cause of the great rift valley and possible Siberian style traps in other terms an ultra bonkers volcanic eruption.
As I live on Mt Kenya slopes and I know of many subterranean caves that have only been disclosed by recent ratline and borehole excavations and also by the fact that I am surrounded by volcanic hills all around makes me wonder am I walking on a caldera in motion or the next super mega eruption without knowing it?
If I had enough money I would ask of you this on your Paetron but even though I can not I hope you will any way look at this and talk to me.
Thanks in advance.
Mount Kenya formed between 3.0 and 2.6 million years ago due to rift zone related volcanic activity. If you live on or around this extinct volcano, you are safe (not from say wildfires but volcanic activity is unlikely). As for where the next major caldera collapse in Kenya will occur? Probably Longonot again or Menengai.
I cannot find any direct evidence of Mount Kenya having ever produced a caldera collapse, but it hasn’t been studied enough to be truly sure. Are you familiar with what very thick uninterrupted layers of ash look like?
You can rest fine knowing that you live on a geologically safe area from volcanoes. Only real danger is like I said to the west in the chain of young calderas going from Longonot to Lake Turkana. Feel free to send me photos of your beautiful surroundings and Mount Kenya at tccatron@asu.edu
The caves you see were likely ancient lava tubes.
Fascinating as always!
I’d like to see a video about the Kondyor Massif in Siberia. It looks like a meteor crater or a massive perfectly circular caldera but is neither. It also has a wealth of valuable minerals like platinum, gold, and others. It’s truly unique!
I live in Nevada for 30+ years and do NOT know where Timber Mountain is or maybe its under a different name.
FYI, it's Beatty, and pronounced Bay-tee. I did not know it is a shortened name for Bartholomew, and refers to someone who holds land in exchange for provisioning others. An apt name for a place built from prospectors.
"As a high amount of lithium was brought into the supply chain, teslas raced across the surrounding landscape."
Have you ever thought about doing a video on the old volcanic activity in the upper great lakes region?
I asked him about Minnesota. Hopefully he talks about the Great Lakes,Superior to be specific.
Cheers!
Well, it's over a billion years old, and probably related to a continental rift. The basalts are hosts for some cool agates, native copper, and silver deposits.
@@stevopusser9093 Fascinating geology up on the North Shore. I have a friend that has lived in Duluth all her life and she knows a lot.
Now,if I could find time to visit her in the summer.
It’s a potential future topic. I must say I have a preference for anything in the upper peninsula of Michigan, however
@@GeologyHub Fair enough! Great topic! Thanks!
Worldwide 36 active volcano s !
AND STILL SAWING THE LAST PIECES OF THE RAINFORESTS !
I love all these vids.
I love this genius! Thank you for posting!
One of these days, could you cover the Guffey Volcanic Center/ Thirty-Nine Mile Volcanic Field?
Great vid! Have you ever done a video on the vulcanism on the moon of Io? That would be neat!
I love to learn about the collapsed Caldera that was the source of rich gold in Goldfield AZ. Great video
That's just west of the Nevada nuclear test site. Good thing they chose a flat site rather than a mountainous one.
It kinda terrifies me to know that large patches of ground can suddenly and violently explode outwards.
I hope that there's enough warning for the next super eruption of any supervolcano, so the people can evacuate the danger zone.
Wow.
As for cause I'd guess a combination of things. 1. The tearing of faralon plate and possibly Yellowstone hotspot and or the subducted ridge as possibly was a very active magma generator and finally maybe delamination of underplate caused from extensive flat slab subduction.... I'm probably wrong but its cool to imagine the solutions.
Most sources seem to agree that the detachment of the Farallon plate led to extensional faulting, true, and subsequent volcanism, and it maybe possible that the subducted ridge may have brought some hotspot activity with it, but Yellowstone may be different enough to be a distinct style. Definitely worth further research!
Can you make video on the caldera even more larger than wah wah springs called flat landing brook formation?
As long as I keep learning I will keep returning. ❤️🤔❤️
I could ask the question rudely, but I will refrain . . . . Please explain how we, present day humans, arrived at the conclusion that volcano "a" erupted precisely 47,000 (choose any number) years ago and volcano "b" did not. I do appreciate the study of Geology.
We know due to several methods of radioactive dating. For anything under 60,000 years, carbon dating. For anything 60,000-1 million years, potassium argon dating. For anything older than that, uranium lead dating using zircons. I plan to make a dedicated video on this eventually using pizza as an analogy. Relies on measuring the amount of a radioactive isotope compared to its decayed product (typically lead)
Question - to what extent does continental drift change the location of a supervolcano?
For instance, are the California, Nevada, and Wyoming calderas related due to the drift of the North American plate or are these separate volcanic systems?
I think it depends. I know for hot spots the crust moves over the mostly stationary Hotspot. I would guess that the same is true for land based super volcanos but as continental crust is thicker I would think that the speed and direction of movement would be more complex as new cracks and faults could encourage magma to travel in various directors
I would think that the California and Nevada calderas are less related to continental drift and more to the extension due to the formation of the transform boundary on the Southwest edge of the North American plate. They tend to form in the same general area with little movement, and likely shift with minor structural changes and weaknesses in the local crust.
Yellowstone and Wyoming are different stories. The Yellowstone calderas can be traced back to the same hotspot for about 3-5 million years across Idaho and Nevada toward Washington, and clearly has been traversed by the continent. I don't know enough about other caldera systems in Wyoming beyond Yellowstone to say more about it though, but it is clear that extension hasn't yet reached the same levels of structural change in the northwestern US as it has the southwestern US, and so I would expect to see fewer static super volcanic calderas compared to California and Nevada.
As already said, i think the continental drift and plate tectonics have a bigger effect when it's a hotspot volcano like Yellowstone, but there's still a very strong effect regardless. Look at the volcanoes in the East African Rift or the Andes chain of volcanoes, the plate tectonics seem to a least fasten or slow the volcanism on the region.
The North American plate is overall drifting as one single plate this includes all of North America, however, within this motion there is a separate counter clockwise twisting in the West US/Canada as well as a spreading out of the plate creating "Folds" in Western US. Some of the many Folds have been hidden due to the Columbia flood basalt event so there are many more folds now hidden deep underground, you can see these areas from space as they are now a different color earth + used for farming. The movement has been slowing down though, it used to be as much as 5 inch a year and now it is around 1 inch.
Yellowstone’s caldera forming hotspot used to be in east oregon. Then “moved” through Idaho to NW Wyoming. It didn’t move but the crust above it did
Hi there - I was wondering if you have a reference/link for any of this info, including the resource estimate? I haven't been able to find anything. Awesome video - thank you!!
Vulcanos alert level has been raised from yellow to Orange
Which one? Lol
@@lolvondgf Vulcano(Eolian Islands), it could potentially erupt anytime soon, Cumbre Vieja on La Palma also got an orange alert level shortly before erupting.
@@caiolucas8257 oh thanks . Yeah i know. I just understood it wrong.
Correct. Posted about this earlier on Twitter. Have an update video made to publish Monday or Tuesday (since Sunday is the weekly news vid)
Thank You, I Appreciate it, My Next Video Will be a Question
Can you do the seamounts off the PNW coast? Also the Missoula Floods and Ice Age Glacial Lakes? Thanks
How about doing a video on the mount Misti stratovolcano in Peru. This volcano last erupted in 1985 and overlooks a number of settlements.
Great videos! I’m interested in the formation and chemistry/mineral formation in basaltic lava tubes, particularly those that form from oceanic locations (Azores, for example) Do you have any lessons to share? I appreciate your explanations!
Ty very informative
Please cover Deccan traps
Have a question. What would happen if all the super volcanos were to erupt at the same time or one after another?
I love this channel
Nevada has some of the largest gold deposits in the world. I assumed a lot of these were formed by hydro/epi-thermal activity powered by the mantel plume that has shifted under the crust and now powers the Yellowstone volcano. But could Timber Mountain have something to do with this also?
The weird about those gold deposits is they are embedded in sedimentary rocks.
@@GeologyHub But weren't the mineral deposits formed by superheated water picking up diffused gold in the country rock, then depositing and concentrating it as it percolated up through the rock strata until the pressure dropped enough or the water to boil off and deposit the dissolved minerals? It wouldn't really matter if the surrounding rock was sedimentary.
The question is, where did the heat come from to drive the process?
@@bbmw9029 most of those deposits are 36-42 million years old, so I’m assuming they either formed during the flare up or beforehand during subduction related volcanism
Any active volcano can erupt, given a sudden buildup of pressure, an accompanying magma flow, and a series of preliminary quakes which create channels through the bedrock and if enough fracturing and pressure buildup occurs, that baby will let off steam and quite possibly blow it's proverbial top! Supervolcanoes are especially unpredictable as we weren't there to see exactly what preceded their prior eruptions, only assuming the ground would swell significantly or that the magma chamber would have to be filled to capacity. That may well not be the case. And as far as the planet getting back on track in a "few years," I wouldn't bet on it. The extreme emission of ash would create an acid rain situation and the possible obliteration of a great deal of the Earth's crops and plant life, as well as animal life dependent on it and species preying on those animals too. The whole world would suffer from an eruption of Yellowstone. Enjoy your time here. Andromeda will collide with the Milky Way and end the Earth in a few years, so relax and take these minor eruptions in stride. Good luck, all! I'll be mining my way around the state of Nevada soon.
I noticed surface lava in the area north of the Great Salt Lake in the Promontory area. Would be interesting to learn about it.
Do you mean the 4 active lava fields in Idaho including craters of the moon? That’s related to the Yellowstone hotspot in a way
Interesting content. I enjoy your videos
have you considered doing a video on the flat landing brook formation?
Yes! In fact a video on it is already made, just I’m saving it for a future date! (It’s uploaded and scheduled on RUclips but not published yet)
Have you done anything on the Wah Wah Springs caldera in Utah and Nevada?
He has, he has covered that and La Garita.
Yes he cover already
Six known supervolcano that are active on the globe .. three in the area of the Rocky's in the US (not to mention they ones that are inactive). What is it about the formation of those mountains and the plate North America sits on that has led these being so close to each other??
Would love to see a video on how lava tubes are formed.
Is that around goldfield, nv ?
Thanks !
That's how big it is...
Interesting. That lithium opens up a whole can of politics onto your channel. I’ll move along. 😅😆
However, harvesting all that Lithium will adversely change the complexation of that area for ever.
2:54 Even nature enjoys making references to penises
Could you comment on the McDermott caldera?
Oh so that's why there's a Tesla gigafactory in Nevada.
I would like to know more about ridge Crest ca earthquakes please I do believe there is a volcano near by mantha lakes area not sure. There is a place called fossil falls lava follow?
If one has to go off, I choose the one in California.
Liked video 👍🌋😮
Isn't this where the Paintbrush Caldera formed as well? Because I believe this area of volcanism was responsible for creating Yucca Mountain.
so many supervolcanoes
Now that was something I did not know..
Thank you, your stock is rising like a mantle plume...
Please do the etxinct Glen Coe supervolcano in Scotland.
I'd like a video about that one too.
I’d had no idea my country had super volcano’s. I only know of extinct Strato volcano Ben Nevis
Never heard about this American super volcano, just knew about the 3 other mentioned ones. Are there any more??
A bunch of extinct ones like Wah Wah springe and La Garita
My favorite is the Turkey creek caldera in SE Arizona, which is a soon to be National park :). There’s also wah wah springs, but if you want to easily access an old supervolcano go to Creede Colorado. Part of the la Garita caldera complex
What if this massive fallaron system supervolcanoes. Suddenly cam back to life? How sigh are when it begins? And how large, and causes damages to the United States?
@@HAIYANE9910 the plate itself is long gone currently buried under North America after most of it was fully subducted
@@KaiserStormTracking however if Wah Wah Springs came back to life(which is impossible) example only how large the eruption occurred? And how destructive it is?
Fascinating! 🌋🌋🌋
I bet that that extinct supervolcano is a remnant of the hotspot that's currently under Yellowstone now.
The Yellowstone hot spot can be easily traced through southern Idaho and possibly into Oregon.
0:09...somehow I thought the Long Valley Caldera was bigger than a few meters across!
I kid, I kid!
Don't look at hotspring. Look at the mountain which is the resurgent dome
@@HAIYANE9910 did you see the last line in my post where I said I was kidding?
Have visited Long Valley in person quite a few times, it's a beautiful area.
The spring is on top of the resurgent dome, the ramparts in the image background are the northeastern caldera wall.
McDermitt caldera on the OR/NV border host much more lithium, see Lithium Americas and Jindalee Resources
The interesting part of lithium is you can dig it, make batteries and ship those batteries to California but you CANNOT dig it and send the raw material to California because of their arcane laws. Also, it's not BETTY, NV it's BEATY, NV.
It's just the lower part of Yellowstone.........
can you do one about Egmont,
in new zealand?
Can you do a presentation on Ascension Island?
Yes. Also it’s last 3 volcanic eruptions were 378, 1468, and 1508. If you live there or have visited, I would love some photos :)
@@GeologyHub I don't live there. As a geologist myself, I just find it to be a very interesting island.
Thanks for using the metric system so we, non-american viewers, can understand :)
Even American geologists use metric
@@KaiserStormTracking I did not know that. Thanks!
Most American scientists use metric, and all are trained in both.
A fun fact is that America officially uses the metric system and all of our "imperial" units are defined in relation to the metric system. (Technically SI for System International, which is the French ordering) And the reason we don't use metric is pirates stole our kilogram when a storm blew the ship carrying it into the Carribean. (And we never asked for another, presumably because we really needed to get official measurements going) And now its very expensive to switch over, even though we really should.
Oh shit and Yikes!!
I wonder if it will be allowed to mine this area.
Supervolcanoes magma chamber is very large. Although it's extinct still dangerous to mine there
@@HAIYANE9910 depends on how big the chamber is as its likely fully solid or near fully solid
@@KaiserStormTracking however what if. Drill a hole from the magma chamber of Lagarita drilled a hole going to mantle plume or Yellowstone hotspot to feed its magma chamber and re activated the magma chamber of fallaron system calderas. It will be interesting:D (it's just an joke. just kidding:)
Can you tell us about any significant "Rare Earth" mineral deposits in the U.S. Seems a friend of mine thinks China has the world's surplus.
In California there is a company digging for Lithium but this is my issue.you need 2million Liters of water to obtain 1ton of Lithium so can you drink Lithium when you are thirsty?or shower?and other things so considering the water shortage in California what up? What kind of people are running the country? So if you happen to be thirsty mix up a batch of Lithium it's go for you !!!
Thanks lithium and vulcanos both sustains rockets , airplanes , cars and ships
nice video...as all of yours...but lithium is used for batteries not solar panels...
Batteries are needed for solar panels to be a viable energy source (if the sun doesn't shine at night you need to bottle it for later), and it theoretically can be used for solar panels as a "doping agent" although boron is far more common for making "p-type" silicon.
All electronics are based off of the pn junction, dope some silicon with attoms with more or less than 4 valance electrons and it will have surplus free electrons (n-type) or surplus "holes" (p-type), put them against eachother and it makes a diode, and solar panels as just fancy diodes put in an array.
yucca mountains have connection with timber mountains supervolcano
I live 96 miles from the supervolcano
I’m assuming you are not from Nevada. You kinda hacked up the pronunciation of Beatty. More like B8y
No hes Arizonan
Still, noone talking about WahWah Springs Caldera.
The caldera mentioned emitted over 5000³km of tephra, which is double the total volume of Yellowstone. Geologists say it will never erupt again, but the West Desert of Utah contains many basalt fields less than 250 years old, and is completely surrounded by active hotsprings. The Wah Wah Springs caldera is just one of nine calderas which make up the Indian Peak-Caliente Imbrignite Field, which covers about 60,000²km. These volcanos of this complex were primarily highly explosive rhyolitic extrusions. Tell me this isn't the elephant in the room that noone seems to notice.
Seems possible that Timber Mountain is an old remnant of the Indian Peak- Caliente Imbrignite Field, which the plates probably passed over in a westerly direction, thus moving the volcano east on the earth's surface.
Won't happen for hundreds of even thousands of years
#755👍🎉💛😀🤔So cool!!
Just because the lithium is there, doesn’t mean it should be mined. I’ve heard hydrogen is better. ✨😺✨
Eh, although mining does damage the environment it would be foolish not to extract this lithium. I’ll be very happy when the world no longer needs to fight wars over oil, when nations can simply produce their own power self sufficiently (like Iceland :D)
1/5 => a sentry
...
if we duck this one up then life is screwed.
7% of the planets lithium reserve... now i want to buy land there now ;)
cruuuuust
Epik
Remember the Maya? Remember their calendar?