Could you maybe do a reaction like this again with and without a phase transfer catalyst to see the effect of it on the reaction and yield? Also will cleaning grade quaternary ammonium compounds work?
using a catalyst shouldn‘t increase yield. It‘d just decrease the time you would have to reflux for. I assume sodium laruyl sulfate should work very well, idk about quaternary ammonium salts tho.
in the course of this reaction, alkali KOH is formed, therefore, such oxidation is aggressive, if magnesium nitrate is added to the in the reaction mass equimolarly for potassium in the KMnO4 compound, then the alkali in the reaction mass will bind to magnesium 2+ and precipitate Mg(OH)2, and the reaction will go more gently and not to the end, that is, differently. so phenyl ethane is oxidized to acetophenone in about 2 hours at 70 degrees Celsius with high yields of ~ 87%, so is phenylpropane to propiophenone, etc. whether toluene will react in the same way to form an aldehyde is interesting.
Why use an oil bath when you can just but the boiling flask on the hot plate? As I can see, you already can place your thermometer in the liquid contained in the boiling flask, so what is the point ?
I would dissolve the permanganate by stiring it by hand then. When the toluene is added to the KMnO4 then the MnO2 would catalyse the decomposition of KMnO4, which might decrease the yield.
I want to do this oxidation reaction with p-nitrotoluene instead of toluene. The p-nitrotoluene is insoluble in water but melts at around 50°C and will steam distill with the reflux. My question is, would this reaction still work with nitrotoluene? I think it should but there are no papers I have found of this reaction. In theory the yields would be higher since the benzene ring isn't oxidized due to the nitro group but I don't know if due to the solubility it wouldn't work. Toluene is not miscible in water but it at least distills. The nitroluene will just melt. Another question I have is if the potassium hydroxide can be substituted for an equimolar amount of sodium hydroxide? I wanted to use sulfuric acid, would this work? Also the stoichiometry will still be the same as far as moles of nitroluene to moles of permangenate, right? Since the same methyl group is oxidized and nothing else. Thank you. Also your videos are awesome!
Aussie Chemist Unfortunately, compression is not a friend of good quality... On a large TV it still looks better than 1080p. And a thousand times better than before. :D
I'd guess it has to do with the potential of the permanganate, working as an oxidizer. F.e. if you think about testing for double bonds, it is also done in basic conditions.
On both accounts almost certainly. If you use a simple condenser, just beware that to keep a close eye on temperature control to make sure nothing escapes the system
If I want to work at this scale (5g to 50g of chemical), what joint size would you recommend? 24/40 is the most available one. Is that too big? What is the size of the 3-neck flask in the video?
Crimson Chemistry It was a 250 mL flask and I wouldn't recommend to use anything smaller. So, I'd guess if you want to scale it up by a factor of 10, you should use a flask of 2,5 to 3 litres. A 24/40 joint should also not be too large at this scale.
I'm planning to do a synthesis with several steps, that involves the oxidation of toluene with one more substituent. I'm going to need the aldehyde, but I can try to do both, as a fun project.
Hi, can you make piranha solution from 75% H2O2? I've only seen it with 30%. Also can you try drying the piranha solution with the becker in sulfuric acid method for extra power since the reaction produces water?
This video is so interesting and useful because tomorrow i am having a chemistry practical lesson. Thanks.
Best video ever on a synthesis 👏👏🤗 I wish you reach 10m subscribers 🤗🤗
Could you maybe do a reaction like this again with and without a phase transfer catalyst to see the effect of it on the reaction and yield? Also will cleaning grade quaternary ammonium compounds work?
using a catalyst shouldn‘t increase yield. It‘d just decrease the time you would have to reflux for. I assume sodium laruyl sulfate should work very well, idk about quaternary ammonium salts tho.
Wonderful video! We're gonna do the ecact same reaction in the lab tomorrow, but with the transfer catalyst :)
Very nice performance
Very well explained
in the course of this reaction, alkali KOH is formed, therefore, such oxidation is aggressive, if magnesium nitrate is added to the in the reaction mass equimolarly for potassium in the KMnO4 compound, then the alkali in the reaction mass will bind to magnesium 2+ and precipitate Mg(OH)2, and the reaction will go more gently and not to the end, that is, differently.
so phenyl ethane is oxidized to acetophenone in about 2 hours at 70 degrees Celsius with high yields of ~ 87%, so is phenylpropane to propiophenone, etc.
whether toluene will react in the same way to form an aldehyde is interesting.
Why use an oil bath when you can just but the boiling flask on the hot plate? As I can see, you already can place your thermometer in the liquid contained in the boiling flask, so what is the point ?
For more even heating of the liquid.
Great way to break your flask
Great video 👍 , i have a question please , is it possible to create pheneylacetone from benzoic acid ? Thankss
No. Fuck off junkie
Thank you so much. I wanna ask. If I only have one magnetic stirrer, can I dissolve the potassium permanganate first than add the toluene with koh?
I would dissolve the permanganate by stiring it by hand then. When the toluene is added to the KMnO4 then the MnO2 would catalyse the decomposition of KMnO4, which might decrease the yield.
sir, it was helpful
with phase transfer catalyst you mean something like soap? Nice setup really!
Yes. F.e. quarternary ammonium salts are used, which are also used as cationic surfactants.
I used benzaldehyde with alkaline (sodium hydroxide) potassium permanganate, to tame the reaction. I saw similar reaction on the internet.
Your videos were great. Please put turkish subtitles❤️
By chance, have you tried this reaction using Xylene?
thank you professor
I want to do this oxidation reaction with p-nitrotoluene instead of toluene. The p-nitrotoluene is insoluble in water but melts at around 50°C and will steam distill with the reflux.
My question is, would this reaction still work with nitrotoluene? I think it should but there are no papers I have found of this reaction. In theory the yields would be higher since the benzene ring isn't oxidized due to the nitro group but I don't know if due to the solubility it wouldn't work. Toluene is not miscible in water but it at least distills. The nitroluene will just melt.
Another question I have is if the potassium hydroxide can be substituted for an equimolar amount of sodium hydroxide? I wanted to use sulfuric acid, would this work?
Also the stoichiometry will still be the same as far as moles of nitroluene to moles of permangenate, right? Since the same methyl group is oxidized and nothing else.
Thank you. Also your videos are awesome!
Be a pioneer, perform the experiment, and be the first to publish a paper on it.
thank you so much
Still not in 4K tho, not that quality is off or anything , it usually doesn’t end in 4K even tho was filmed with a 4K Camera
Aussie Chemist Unfortunately, compression is not a friend of good quality... On a large TV it still looks better than 1080p. And a thousand times better than before. :D
Why the dropwise of KMnO4 need to be done within 15 minutes
Thank's for the video ! but why did you add The KOH for me it has worded without it
I'd guess it has to do with the potential of the permanganate, working as an oxidizer. F.e. if you think about testing for double bonds, it is also done in basic conditions.
2 questions. Can sodium hydroxide be used and can a simple condenser be used?
On both accounts almost certainly. If you use a simple condenser, just beware that to keep a close eye on temperature control to make sure nothing escapes the system
can i subsitute the sodium bisulfite with sodium bisulfate ?
Why is the re-crystallization step needed?
The benzoic acid contains traces of potassium sulfate and manganese sulfate, which do form in the addition of the acid and are in the solution.
Why you used NaOH?
لتحويل بنزوات صوديوم الى حامض البنزويك
Tell me the machanism of reaction.
excellent. Apparently distilling it from imitation almond flavor is an option.
If I want to work at this scale (5g to 50g of chemical), what joint size would you recommend? 24/40 is the most available one. Is that too big? What is the size of the 3-neck flask in the video?
Crimson Chemistry It was a 250 mL flask and I wouldn't recommend to use anything smaller. So, I'd guess if you want to scale it up by a factor of 10, you should use a flask of 2,5 to 3 litres. A 24/40 joint should also not be too large at this scale.
Next some benzoic acid derivatives?
I'm planning to do a synthesis with several steps, that involves the oxidation of toluene with one more substituent. I'm going to need the aldehyde, but I can try to do both, as a fun project.
Benzoic acid is easily available for home chemistry experiments, so I would expect people would be very interested!
The 20% solution of potassium hydroxide is 20% molar or 20% by weight, or maybe I'm crazy maybe 20% volume‽ ..
Usually, it is measured by weight. So it's 20% by weight.
great
Hi, can you make piranha solution from 75% H2O2? I've only seen it with 30%. Also can you try drying the piranha solution with the becker in sulfuric acid method for extra power since the reaction produces water?
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