What is epigenetics? - Carlos Guerrero-Bosagna
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- Опубликовано: 26 июн 2016
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/how-the-cho...
Here’s a conundrum: Identical twins originate from the same DNA ... so how can they turn out so different - even in traits that have a significant genetic component? Carlos Guerrero-Bosagna explains that while nature versus nurture has a lot to do with it, a deeper, related answer can be found within something called epigenetics.
Lesson by Carlos Guerrero-Bosagna, animation by Chris Bishop.
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It amazes me how this channel succeeds in targeting a widely diverged age demographic without making it to hard for younger audience or to childish for adults. it explains extremely complicated stuff in a simplified way without making it dull. Thanks for this amazing channel and for enriching a lot of people's lives.
no
no
yes
i didn't find it simplified AT ALL.. too wordy. I had to look at another video for clarification
THIS VERSION SUCKS.. THIS VERSION WAS WAYYYYYYYY BETTER
ruclips.net/video/g12kIu9jrIk/видео.html
How the heck do scientists figure this stuff out
+AmracX Best comment I've read today
+AmracX I can't like it through my phone, but consider it done, ok?
I believe it's a theory
I can hit a like on my phone if i touch the screen for 2 seconds :)
The scientific method. A person works really hard for many years to learn as much as they can about their particular topic, in this case genetics. Then they pick an area of research that appeals to them, say, epigenetics, if they think they can help advance an area where our knowledge is sketchy, then they find funding and create a statement like 'eating healthily can slow a certain cancer growth in humans due to turning a certain gene on', they make their own prediction as to the outcome, then test it using either tried and tested methods or new ones. Then they analyse and present their findings. These results are then tested by other scientists for validation, the more scientists who's results match, the more sure we are in the results. And that's science.
Learning about epigenetics was my favorite part of AP Biology. So fascinating.
@Olivia Pierce same, and i'm so confused
genetics is itneresting but epigenetiics is even more so
this is extra credit for my normal biology class😂
I'm an identical twin with glasses and pollen allergy, my twin has none of this. I didn't know I needed this video, 'till I saw it.
Seems like you lost the genetic lottery x)
@@DCBfanboy but we had the same ticket!
@@fienevandijk7224 yeah lmao the price was shared between you two but your twin took all of it :o
@@DCBfanboy unfortunately very true. I'm too kind, really ':)
@@fienevandijk7224 yes, you are!
Can I just say, I'm really impressed with the accuracy of the information in this video! Not that I would expect any disninformation, but given the complexity of the information given, it's wonderful to have this information for public awareness.
Epigenetics = genetic expression that alternates overtime in response to cellular physiology.
Heritable
Wrong. Epi- means protein expression in organisms caused by modification of gene expression from outside effectors rather than owing to the genetic code itself.
@Austin Wilson "Epi" means on top of. In short, epigenetics is the study of how the environment influences gene expression. No need to complicate it any further than that.
You don't know how much I need this my guy
Concise, great word choices!
So... Lamarck was a little right?
Science is going to get rewritten
epigenética foi fantástico de estudar em biologia molecular quando cursei biomedicina, e apesar de parecer que eu não aprendi completamente como funciona toda vez que eu paro pra me aprofundar no assunto eu fico mais encantada, amo muito esse assunto!
I just had my Advanced Molecular Biology course, and Epigenetics was a huge part of that. I must say, the recommended read "Handbook of Epigenetics" took the life outta me. Didn't know these could be represented so easily, accurately and interestingly.
I love the study of epigenetics! A very in depth, yet simple subject that has the answers to so many things.
this video is nuts, great stuff so interesting I do biology at A-Level and I didnt really know about Epigenetics before this
I'm doing A level biology and epigenetics has just been put in our new course.
A subtle but effective motivator for me to continue dieting and exercising.
EDIT: And learning (which includes watching TED Ed videos lol)
I was lost about 50 seconds in... But I still love this channel!
I heard if you keep your thoughts happy and maintain stress well, it legit manipulates your cells to perform better, combat sickness, and live longer.
Notice the little things today and appreciate this small instance in time♥️
Facts just gotta stay positive. I also know forcing a smile will make you feel a little better too.
Dont forget to smile folks and if someones being a stick in the mud maybe they just need a smile too.
:)
I have read and written a lot essays on topics which were related to epigentics and never has it so accurately simplified as was done in this videos.
Wow, what a video. Love the animation, content, graphics and the narration. Guys, Thank you so much!💐
So well explained! Thanks TED-Ed!! You guys are so awesome!
it would be interesting to see a video about the relationship between epigenetics and lamarckism.
And while we're at it, Baldwin effect
Great idea
POV: you are watching for school
Yesss uhhh biology 😅
here ✋
Yep haha
POV: You're watching for mental illness
nope
So we have to take care of ourselves, not only for ourselves, but also for our future children.
Just took my genetics final and this was one of the concepts on it. Well explained and easy to understand without all the big words like histone acetylation or methylation which cause people to feel like the concept is too big to understand. Thank you!
bjjio
Love the way they explain everything in so simple, understandable language making the listeners learn the topic with interest💕
This video is perfect, so easy to understand. Thank you so much. :)
Thanks, was wondering about this, learned several things!
Thanks for the vid. I had the book "Epigenetics" by Joe Wallach on my reading list. this clip makes me want to read it even more. 👍👍👍
Great video. Small thing that's wrong: methylation on the DNA stops transcription like you said, but methylation on histones (the things that cause the DNA tightening that you mentioned; the yellow ball thing) increases DNA "loosening" and increases transcription. So basically methylation can increase or decrease transcription. Biology is wild
Wow absolutely loved this. You made it so easy to undertand a complex term in 5 minutes. Thank you!!
it's truly amazing! thank you for all the hard work to make such easy understandable important videos!!
this video taught me more than 3 weeks of college genetics
That flickering animation makes me crazy, although the topic is really interesting.
I like that tho also hia fter four years
@@Mark-Wilson Hi :) It's funny how someone replies to my comment and now I see it again and can't remember ever writing this comment
Hi, I have a question to whoever might have the answer, so in the video it is said that epigenetic reprogramming can make cell develop into specific kind of cell, so does it mean that epigenetic is responsible for differentiation of stem cells in early life? Thank you for the answer.
As a biology-learner, this video is really helpful as a introductory lesson.
Funny enough, tomorrow i will have a test about genetics and this video really helped me!
Thank you so much for this video! I LOVE genetics and I hope to pursue the study of genes/genetics in college. I find this specific topic very interesting. I cannot wait to see this field grow and expand in knowledge!! ^_^
Perfect explanation and perfect Arabic translation. Thank you a lot.
Ted ed illustration style as always so creative, expressive and inspiring
I added this video to watch later some time ago and now after watching I just realized it was positioned at 42 in the list. Coincidence I think not.
Hello from biology class!
hello i’m from 7th hour 😢illinois 🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉
My, my, my! 'Props for excellent graphics' would be underappreciation. This. Was. Fantabulous!
This answers so many questions I've had!
Peter D'Adamo wrote a book on this 8 years ago: The Genotype Diet
I always admire Dr. Bruce Lipton in this matter.
The more I learn about this subject the more fascinated I am by it
Why are some genes inhibited and others not?
Great explanation. Thank you!
This effectively gives more weight to the nurture part in the nature vs. nurture debate. I also think a major part of growth is prenatal development, which sadly the person has no control over. Certain negative effects during that time can carry impressions as the child grows. They can only hope their mom was living responsibly while they grew inside her.
I used to think nuture is something you can always control but Nature is something you can’t but it wasn’t always the case. Sometimes you can’t control your environment and sometimes you can prevent genetic diseases from effecting you despite having the genes
...and also hope that mum doesn't abort him or her. Otherwise, it's 'end of the epigenetic story' for that little one!
"Why might one twin get heart disease at 55 while the other runs marathons in perfect health?"
I think you might have just answered your own question.
This is getting me extra credit in biology. Thanks Ted Ed!
One of your best videos ever.
Help me my teacher has locked me up and is forcing me to watch dna videos help I miss my family please send help please
So evolution doesn't only happen through random mutations?
No, the environment we live in dictates if a mutation is beneficial or not. And if so, there is a bigger chance of that change surviving by being passed on to offspring.
And there is some anecdotal evidence that epigenetics might make it more likely that some traits that are expressed more might get preferential treatment when they pass on to offspring.
sexual selection also plays a part
Serah Wint I've always found hard to understand how evolution could work so well only though random mutations, like for example how some gorillas subspecies feet become more human like after only a couple thousand years having a less arboreal lives. I guess epigenetics have something to do with it.
enzobg2011
Probably yea. Another example are Europeans that changed skin pigmentation under just a few thousand years.
That's probably a clear example of epigenetics at work.
Epigenetics isn't evolution. Epigenetics is genetic expression of your genes controlled by altering cellular physiology. Epigenetics doesn't change the gene pool of your gametes.
Very nice video. This epigenetic traits that are carried during meiosis can change the evolutionary paradigm!
perfect presentation. thanks from Greece
As I watched the video, one quote arose in my head: Nothing is true. Everything is permitted.
Lit
This comment is just proof that meme magic exists. Certainly a amazing breakthrough in the social decline of civilization.
SHIIIIIIII AC4 AY
damn, I love Biology
On a different note I wonder if CRISPER can be used to remove or silence these traits, or if they are heritable, will it be allowed?
Simply explained ❤️
Anybody else watching this video for school?
So far, no comments have been about the video -_-
Except the top ones??
None of the comments except all of them , right?
Sometimes, RUclips comments don't show up or load. Just refresh the page.
This incredibly interesting and easy to understand
thanks
How could the theory of Germ Plasm and this epigenetics be both correct at the same time?
Should I take it as the debunking of the theory of Germ Plasm?
Emotions are chemical feedback, the end products of experiences we have in our external environment. SO as we react to a situation in our external environment that produces an emotion, the resulting internal chemistry can signal our genes to either turn on (up-regulating) or to turn off(down-regulating) the expression of the gene. The gene itself does not physically change- the expression of the gene changes, and that expression is what matters most because that is what affects our health and our lives.
You are awesome!
Huggin' my way to a better genome!
Insightful and inspiring.
Amazing explanation!! Congratulation!!
Hey TED-Ed! So, for example, if someone goes through a horrible event it could be "remembered" by that person's children, like a child starved in a concentration camp has children preoccupied with food?
or children who don't need as much food
www.scientificamerican.com/article/descendants-of-holocaust-survivors-have-altered-stress-hormones/
quote:Yet it is still too early in our investigation into the epigenetics of
this complex stress-response system to know for sure whether these
molecular changes indicate any real-world risks or benefits. “If you are
looking for it all to be logical and fall into place perfectly, it
isn't going to yet,” Yehuda says. “We are just at the beginning of
understanding this.
Thanks stephen! I'll dig into that Scientific American article, this is GOLD. I've always suspected this and one other...Do you know anything about social groups producing a constant ratio of conservative and liberal personality types?
Could this partially explain why the children of alcoholics have a heighten risk of becoming alcoholics themselves?
I'm from Brasil, and this video was easier to understand than my book in portuguese!
ted ed makes great videos how can you dislike them :
It actually makes sense from an evolutionary standpoint. A species has a much greater chance of survival if its offspring can be influenced by the life experiences of its parents rather than just genes alone.
Evolution has never been proven. It has, though been disproven through the 2nd law of thermodynamics, irreducible complexity, etc.
A more accurate term would be.....ADAPTATION .
But it does not support the neo-Darwinian theory of random, accidental mutations as the source of all adaptation.
@@barbaraeastburn6848
Thanks for your input, Barbara.
Much appreciated.
sounds like, Assassin's Creed isn't so far fetched xD
"Step into this genetic memory machine to discover that your ancestors.. ate unhealthily but did parkour exercise?"
LowestoftheDead
was just meant as a joke, man
actually its not a joke i believe some time in the future we may able to do that
@@ashiinsane90 when
amazing .... nicely explained everything
Can you make a video about subliminals and how they change/affect the body and mind of humans?
Why do i feel bitter about the fact that I already knew this? I want to act elite. That part of me is an ass, i guess.
That's ego for you. :P
Well you've got inner reflection going for you, so you're ahead of the game :)
And also, teach your peers the same. Knowledge is to be shared.and celebrated.
Not tryna be rude but I feel like less intelligent people tend to do this. This is because more intelligent people normally know things others know and so they don't really feel superior when they know something someone else doesn't lol
aquired characters can be transferred to germ cells. Wow.. so keep acquiring and maintaining the environment the way u want your progenies.
#karma parmo Dharma.
Apke karmon ka asar apki santaan PE bhi hoga ..
#srimad Bhagavad Gita ..
Just curious, what molecular tag boosts gene expression?
Can you do a video on evolution vs entropy please?
So Lamarck was right, the guy deserves some credit. I was taught he was wrong all my life but oh wait... epigenetics.
Proud to be an Epigenetics scientist 😎
Did you forgive your past already Farhan?
Rosita Megchelenbrink what do you mean?
Great explanation
interesting, quick video, to point, filled w info. 👍
since im black and Asian does that mean im blashian?
Im also Blasian!!!!
My shigga
+Chase Pennington
The "dark" side
wut he said ^^^^^
+justin bouche
:) ;)
this only made me more confused
Question..... can anyone explain or give clarity on the following ... does any change to typical Purine & Pyrimidine, folate, B6 or B12 pathways during pre or early post natal periods result in heritable genetics that could be passed from that baby should they procreate in later life?
Thank you for the good experience
I eat a lot of meat. Could that affect my genes, and could this affect my descendants?
Probably not
You're gonna be at a high risk of heart disease and cancer but your kids won't be affected
It could if your meat eating lead to alteration within the meiotic development of your gametes
I.e. - gaining mutations or having an abundance of recombinant DNA within your gametes.
To be fair, we don't know that yet.
But we have to act on the information we have and not what could be.
Im be spreading epigenetics
This guy be pull all da hoes
I think this was already know long time ago, and they are already changing people with the music, television and tons of things around us.
Elites have known this. That's why our food is full of toxic chemicals and the vaccine schedule has gone from 4 in the 1960s to 80 by the time a person is 18. Oh, let's not forget pharmaceutical companies in bed with government and corporations. Wake up people
your explication is just amazing
In case you want more entertaining videos on science check out this channel!
No these are very entertaining.
Ahhh, the Beast's comment
Yoo humans are lit wtfff how did we discover this omfg
Wow, just amazing !!!
Very well explanation..
i just looooove this video so much sike biology sucks
I agree
I think that when the bible says something like: "the sins of your parents will be passed to you and will remain even after the third generation" it is talking about epigenetics
Probably not, since aren't sins removed once the correct criteria are met? But your DNA stays the same.
I remember that! But was that in the Old testament? Cuz if it is then it would only remain true now if your sins and generational chains weren't broken or forgiven...which would only come from not repenting since through Jesus there is forgiveness of all sins right?
+DeoMachina When the Bible talks about sins being removed, it is talking about a person's relationship with God. That God doesn't hold their sin against them. But the physical consequences of sins can still remain.
Apledore
I could be wrong but I don't think the whole "relationship with a diety" thing is in the bible, I thought that was a new-fangled ideal?
+DeoMachina Read John 14 or Jeremiah 29:11. And that's just what immediately popped into my head. The idea of a relationship with God is not only in the Bible, it's the central focus.
Fantástico, Catelo! Congrats! People need to start to thinking about evolution quite differently!
Podemos mejorar nuestra epigenetica y por ende nuestro ADN por medio de ciertos sonidos ?
Who waste their time on this
that is why gmo's can literally change your body
facepalm xD
+Brent M That is false und you should watch even more biology videos. Nonetheless Ted-Ed is a good start and you should continue inform yourself about this topic.
the majority of GMO is harmless. in fact I'd be happy saying that almost all of it is. if you look at the vigorous testing things go through there is very little wrong with GMO. the majority of them implement genes which code for proteins. these are broken down in the stomach anyway and so will cause very little damage to a human. for instance golden rice is GM rice that has a gene that code for a protein that causes increase in vitamin A uptake. however when this rice is eaten, it doesn't suddenly cause the person who ate it to develop an extremely high vitamin A concentration in their blood and tissue. have a look at some of the stuff that GM is used for and it might change your mind. the vast majority is very helpful for humans as you can get a lot of nutrition out of a small amount of food. GM Tabasco plants were instalments in the production of an Ebola virus. there is a lot of use for GM crops
are you high?
***** cant tell if troll or just stupid lol
It's too good.
May God Bless you. ❤️
So does that mean homosexuality can be cured?
stfu
not cool
To cure something, you have to first recognize that there's a problem. Is being homosexual bad? I have nothing against gays and am bi myself, but I think a culture with purely heterosexual individuals would benefit the species the most.
More like "changed", probably yes. But that's only if you think that homosexuality is bad. I think it's not exactly "mental illnes", it's just another type of state of mind. The same goes for fetishes.
+TheVeneroz I'm not talking about that. I've read that homosexuality comes from epigenetics, and if epigenetics can be change, remove or "cured" then that means that homosexuality could be.."cured" or change or whatever.