Correction: oceans are blue because the water absorbs red (and green). If it was due to scattering, when you looked up the light from the sky would appear red (as it wasn't scattered). Think of a setting sun. Instead it looks blue when you look up.
It makes perfect sense free electrons, and since the oxygen atom is so evasive, ice and water doesn’t make jello, it makes plasma protium because everyone was so delusional about neutrons and it’s association to the elements they made up protium molecules so 1 proton and one electron as an atomic structure not mention on the periodic table because it’s so dumb… instead it’s 1 neutron and a proton with a free electron, creating a hydrogen ion field based on the rejection of mass which run in conjecture of what gravity is… The repel of mass gain to infinite…
Don’t blame me blame M theory when I witness my first monopole creating a free electron in a gravity polarity of a north and South Pole with ferrofluid 🤪 I broke nothing in the process.
I agree. I love his humour. Sometimes he makes asides or quips that seem inappropriate to the subject at hand, but you can tell when he is genuinely invested in the topic. His whole demeanour changes, he conveys his point with gravity and a sense of authority. His contributions on the implications of climate change in this video are a perfect example. He says what he means and he means what he says.
Agreed as well! I've been following Neil and Chuck for years now, and he went from a little funny NY brat to a descent educated more international humorist! Puns are better because more on point, remarks and questions have more sense now than a few years ago, so congrats to the channel and keep up the good work Chuck it's a delight now to hear your jokes bounce around with Dr, Tyson and ease the scientific ambiance for all of us :D Take it easy guys, we love your content!!
I've commented the same thing a few times lately. He is so intelligent, and the level of knowledge retention he displays truly blows my mind. He consistently pulls out things that he learned from Neil years ago, and it really is so impressive.
I just really appreciate that he isn’t afraid to take the lead when he knows he has something important to say. The earlier videos seemed like he was focused heavily on the comic relief. Now he contributes to every facet of the discussion. When he’s on, it really does feel like there are two hosts.
Viewing ice like metamorphic rock has to be one of the most profound revelations I've ever encountered. It feels so glaringly obvious but my mind has simply never made that connection. That is a concept of elegant beauty.
i studied Glaciers in a geology class because I was fascinated by them. Professor said It was not a geologic subject so I could not write my final paper on them. I wrote up the whole hydrologic system ending with the fact that a glacier ice is by definition; a metamorphic rock. I got an A on the paper.
@@ronrocker I honestly don't know why the concept never dawned on me. I don't have an academic background and never went beyond a very average public education, but I have a lifelong interest in palaeontology and hundreds of fossils. You'd think this would equip me with moderate knowledge of geology, but this makes me rethink and reflect on how little I actually know. That is a good thing.
Isn't it beautiful though, when you get that "OOOOHHHHH" moment? That's what makes this channel sooooo good! I say to myself WAY more often than I should "Well duhhhh bonehead, of COURSE that now makes sense" 🤣
@@missharding9837 It is indeed. I am invariably pleased when an authoritative source constructively shows up a gap in my knowledge in a way that I can understand, particularly if it's glaringly obvious and something I should know. I am more likely to retain the new information that way, rather than from a dry flat webpage full of text and impenetrable formulae & jargon. I also really enjoy finding out the reason WHY something behaves the way it does, when I know the behaviour itself but have little to no knowledge of what causes it to be that way.
Aside from the injection of comedy that keeps this show entertaining, I simply LOVE how Chuck and Gary (and many other guests) are so deceptively well-informed about the various topics they cover. It really shouldn't surprise me after so long, but it sometimes does... Especially when Gary and/or Chuck just come straight out the gate dropping KNOWLEDGE. 😸😻 On the topic of ice I'd really love to see them do a deep-dive on the different forms of ice, like Ice I, ii, iii, etc. (don't forget ICE IX! 🙀) 😹👍
I am genuinely impressed with how much Chuck knows about this subject, and am exceedingly happy about how very passionate he is about it. He has become a force of nature in his own right! ❤️❤️
Seriously Dr. Tyson, Lord Nice is also a American Lord, Kinda like negating the fact that Gary O played soccer (football) by ever mentioning it. America has no interest in Prince William of England, we are interest in Lord Nice of America Educational episode as anticipated It wouldn't feel nice if someone didn't address you as Dr. Tyson, Lord Nice deserves the same respect. Feels alittle personal I'm just saying #AmericasLordNice #RespectTheTitle #RespectHisLordship Side note: Gary O bringing it with the "Ice 🧊 meister " Learn something new every episode. Well Done Gary O #ImpemberEffect everything I NEVER understood about curling over the past decade this episode explained, well articulated break down of curling the sport. Lord Nice and Gary O CRUSHED it this episode. Well done Sir & your Lordship (LORD NICE/AMERICAN LORD INTERNATIONAL CURLER)
Got in first! YAaaassss. Mr deGrasse Tyson, I am a fan. Lord Nice, I am a fan. Mr O'Reilly, you are a legend. Always learning from you all and this channel. Kudos. x
Correction: oceans are blue because the water absorbs red (and green). If it was due to scattering, when you looked up the light from the sky would appear red (as it wasn't scattered). Think of a setting sun. Instead it looks blue when you look up.
Here's a related ice nugget: the Canadian word "hoser" may (emphasis on "may" because there's no corroborating evidence of its use in print before the _Great White North_ sketches, eh?) come from hockey. According to this possible etymology, before we had Zambonis, an ice rink was resurfaced by pouring fresh water on it, and the losing team had to wield the hoses.
Hot water is less dense than cold. So filling by volume will result in less water trying to freeze. That will also confuse people into thinking it is faster.
I grew up in the Twin Cities and came to love ice skating. It seemed to me that the best temperature for skating was between 20 and 24 degrees Fahrenheit.
The nucleation experiment, I have done that with Propel bottles all the time!! I freeze then to be like a slush consistency. After about an hour in a really cold freezer, all I have to do is give the bottle a quick, hard shake and it freezes from the top down, almost instantly! It's fun!!
@@jimr9499 Dry ice is frozen CO2. It does not have a liquid state at normal atmospheric pressure. As dry ice warms, it turns directly from solid to gas.
Wow. Just as Neil is constantly busting out his universe themed ties and other clothing, Laurie's necklace is *SO* appropriate for this episode! Awesome job Laurie, great to have heard from you on this episode! So fascinating, can't thank you enough.
This episode is super fascinating. I work with fused quartz as a QA Technician, and the surface of fused quartz, seems quite smooth, almost perfectly smooth. However, it is actually like fine sand paper, because the SiO2 molecule is tetrahedral, and once the structure is cooled enough to be locked into place, the edges of the geometry of the molecule are exposed on the surface of the material, and will sand down most surfaces with a bit of time. My question is, does ice also have an abrasive surface at the coldest temperatures, as fused quartz does? Isn`t it just a relationship of hardening temperatures? Fused quartz has a certain temperature point where the molecular structure becomes locked in, and the only way to change the structure is by reheating the material. Is that what is happening with ice at various temperatures? Can ice be sand paper, as well, at certain temperatures?
Yes ice can be very abrasive. I groom snow trails and when snow is very cold it doesn't produce any lubrication on the large smooth surface of a grooming blade and will wear paint down quickly, and even dull the steel blades.
Slippery, due to temporary melting by gravity and your weight. The permanent slipperiness layer of ice is permanent because gravity will always be acting on it no matter where it’s materialized. And femto-seconds and meters are usually more accurate units of measurement for our quantum understanding of what and how Ice actually is. Love the talk though, coming from a place where we regularly get -40 C and a record of -58 in our 6 months of winter.
You can also nucleate beer! I think I said that right. Fun lil at home experiment. Throw a bottle or 2 of beer in a freezer. Let it get to 32°f but don't let it freeze. Give it a tap. Watch it freeze in seconds
I would assume warmer ice is more slippery because when your hand touches the ice, your body temperature instantly heats up the ice and melts a tiny part of it. The colder the ice, the more heat it would take for the ice to warm up enough to melt a tiny bit. So when the ice is way too cold that even your body heat won’t heat it up enough to melt, it just feels rough because that’s what ice is supposed to feel like. But when the ice is warm enough, touching the ice turns some of it to water making it slippery. And the same goes for your shoes too. Your shoes are warmer than the ice. But at a certain point, the ice is too cold to be warmed up enough by your shoe
Esclarecer a ciência como esta é um desafio em todos os lugares. Nos EUA é ainda mais difícil. Percebo que muitas pausas são feitas para não sobrecarregar a atenção dos telespectadores. Eu não sou um cientista. Fez apenas o trabalhador qualificado para a química na Alemanha. No entanto, estou sempre grato por novas descobertas científicas! Saudações das Termas de Monfortinho - Portugal
@@Edgednb Make the same Job like the World -> Use Google like the rest of us! -> Google has been destroying my native language through ignorance for a decade. Google only translates into Brazilian Portuguese, which is extremely difficult to express. It takes the meaning of our traditional music as it is philosophical and poetic. The search engine misleads us Portuguese to Brazil even in legal questions, so we don't find anything more. And the net is full of Brazilians who have no idea about Europe and choose the idiota Bolsonario as an angel.
Another effect in the "hot water freezes faster" garbage is that the hot tray melts into whatever surface it is on, and the heat gets extracted faster than from the cold tray due to better contact, the cold tray is mostly just suspended in air. Air is not a good conductor of heat.
I tip that the unusual curling direction of the curling stone is related to the speed difference of a car tire in relation to the center point that Pof Tyson explained in a later episode of star talk.
I remember Gary from Palace and Birmingham ? He was always one of the really nice guy's in football. Fascinating post. If any viewers get the chance to visit the Mer De Glass in Chamonix (Mont Blanc) a fascinating hike down towards the glacier shows how nature is being changed and is constantly influenced by mankind's influence on the world. There is a fantastic museum / educational centre there that explains about ice On a lighthearted note...... Gary looks like the footballing equivalent of Martin Kemp 🤣🤣
Since it is a quasi-liquid, the bonds existing between the water molecules on the surface may be dynamic not static causing it the roll around making it mobile.
I’ve seen that ice nucleation happen with a bottle of Gatorade. It was in the coolest part of the fridge, I pulled it out, it wasn’t frozen, but then I cracked the lid and it started freezing from the top down
The best (most thrilling) whitewater rafting trip was when there was a larger than normal snowpack in 1981 and it rained heavily on top, so the Rio Grande was flowing very heavily(many more square feet per second.
The hot water freezing faster question has always been intriguing to myself. I was thinking in terms of the Hot water being able to release more energy faster as the hot wants to be cold quicker, than the room temperature water would. That is just my conception on that statement. wouldn't that issue be the same as the wind chill explanation you had given in another episode? the cold air takes the heat from you so you feel colder because the wind always leaves cold air in place of the air that was just heated from the body. so there is a fan moving air in the freezer which would be that wind chill effect happening then?
If boiling water freezes faster than cold water due to some of it evaporating off and then there is less water to freeze, why do we put hot water in the zamboni?
just curious... had two coffee cups filled with water one boiling the other room temperature... pitched them in the wind one turned to snow? how does hot water not freeze faster?
Lori's point on ice becoming more sticky the colder it gets shows in curling. Too cold and the rocks go too slow. Too warm and the rocks go too fast, and there is no ability to make them to curl.
Its my understanding that cold things are denser= more water per volume= more thermal mass. Probably observations of hot water cooling faster due to an expanded surface area for thermal transferance
The description of "quasi-liquid"... I wonder if it's the ice version of surface tension in water, and does surface tension in water "change" in a similar way as it approaches boiling point?
So there is actually science to prove that boiling water freezes quicker than cold water from your faucet. The cold water from your faucet runs at about 25° C. So in the context of filling an ice tray you end up with say 1" cubes of non compressible fluid at 25°C going into the freezer. However with close to boiling water you have a couple of accelerating factors going on. Firstly and less prevalent is the expansion the heart from the boiling water causes meaning more surface area to interact with the freezing elements in the freezer. Secondly you have the steam that as it rises freezes and falls back into the ice tray at far below 25°C chilling the water in the ice tray by turning it's steam to ice. I haven't studied physics and Im sure it shows so I don't know equation that shows this but I am sure I can remember seeing one.
It is a purity thing, yes. They want to have precise control over how and when the water freezes. Any impurities/ variation in the water will impact that. Thanks for the question 👍
You can "observe" pressure melting of something else than water when High Explosive Anti Tank charge hits the armor. The pressure exerted on the armor is so high that it turns into liquid in a line
I don't believe Neil is right about the reason hot water freezes faster than cold. It's NOT because of the small amount of water that evaporates away leaving behind less water to freeze, like he says. This can easily be disproven by decreasing the amount of cold water at the beginning of the experiment to match the remaining lesser weight of the hot water after it freezes. (or increase the amount of hot water at the beginning) With this setup, both the hot and the cold side are freezing the same amount of water in the end, to compensate for the greater evaporation from the hot side. Result: The hot water will still freeze faster. The laws of thermodynamics state that the greater the difference between the hot and the cold, the faster the heat is transfered. Example: If you throw a glass of cold water into the air in -40 degree tempertures, it will just fall to the ground. If you throw a glass of near boiling water into -40 degree air, it will instantly vaporize into tiny ice crystals and float away. It has NOTHING to do with the amount of water in the glass. It's thermodymanics in action.
Hey Neil! Movement of ice (or snow) on a hill doesn't just result from the ice moving; it also depends on whether there is rock or sandy soil underneath the ice. If the ice is on top of granulated soil, the soil may be the thing that moves. If it is on top of smooth rock, it may be the low coefficient of friction that causes the ice to move. Either way, the ice has potential energy and the steeper the hill, the more the ice will want to move to its lowest state. Just trying to help without sounding too dumb. 🙂
13:30 Announcer #1: Here we are at the first annual 1,000 meter ice dash, unlike the usual course this is going to be a straight 1,000 meters over ice, we'll be covering it from a mobile booth following alongside the race. Announcer #2: The racers are lining up and we'll be starting in just a moment. A #1: Now folks, the track is cooled to differing degrees as we go, by the end of the course the temperature of the ice will be chilled to the point where it has the lowest friction. A #2: [Breaks down the actual temperature numbers] So those last 200m or so will basically be a slide to the finish. A #1: Okay, they're lined up, annnnd they're off! [sports commentary] A #2: We're approaching the 500m mark, the ice temperature is changing enough for the surface to start getting slippery. [Racer name] falls down, they get back up, but that looked like it hurt! A #1: [Names several racers] all tumble to the ice, they appear to be fine. A #2: We're continuing with our leaders, as we hit 700m mark the ice will be getting quite slippery, and when we hit 900m the ice will be at its slickest all the way to the finish line. I hope nobody ends up getting hurt too bad. A #1: [Racer] is in the lead, gliding gracefully across the ice. A #2: Oh lord! [Racer} just went down hard. They were in 5th place, but I don't think they're gonna shake that one off. A #1: My god! Look at the feeds! We have racers down all over the track! This is terrible! A #2: Oh no! The leaders are reaching the 900m mark. [Racer] goes down, oh the horror, they landed on their head. The rest of the racers are going down hard. A #1: This is a nightmare, a true tragedy! Who thought up this terrible event?
If the paper on the quasi liquid had another sibling on it who is an engineer, I am certain it would just be called water film. Or a twin who has worked on the paper is in movie making and calls it nano water :p And if a half brother is also on the paper and turns out to be Deepak Chopra it would be called quantum water. Ultra aligned quantum memory water to be exact.
Before I watch the video I am going to make a guess. Ice is not necessarily slippery depending on the type of ice. That being said any source of ice would become more slippery by being interreacted with. That being the life form on the ice would create additional thin layers through water as a result of friction or body heat. Though that being said i assume without those the reason would be that ice is expanded in comparison.
Where can I ask questions? can you please guide me. I have a few here if you consider them for a reply. Why is evolution required? What is the importance of Earth's Life system to the universe? & Are we a combination of Chemical Reactions? or What is life?
Wait a min! Doesn't the boiling (tap) water freeze faster because all the dissolved air has been evacuated from it?? And as mentioned, the more the impurities in the water, the harder it is to freeze it I would bet that the experiment wouldn't work quite as well with distilled water (and there, perhaps, the lower volume of water after boiling, is a factor)
Supercooling and nucleation is cool! Used to work with small vials of diluted insulin. We'd freeze them. If you opened the freezer at the right time, they would be supercooled, and you could flick the vial and it would freeze in your hand! The point being it does not take very pure water. Of course, the water we used was super pure, and the insulin was also ultrapure, so...
I always thought that warm water freezes faster because its molecules move faster and so they can slot into crystal structure faster and form ice easier
I have a question (i don't know if he reads it but maybe someone else could answer it too). a Black Hole can bend Space so strong that nothing escapes but when i imagine Space Flat than would a black Hole bend a corridor shaped space bubble underneath it (like a wormhole if you will). so my question is (if my thinking is correct) what would happen if 2 black holes would connect to each other by bending space?
How long does a Earth-stationary person travel during a typical life-time? Earth rotates and moves around the Sun, the sun moves around the galaxy, etc. Does a human travel a light-year during a typical life span, say 85 Earth years?
Heat pipes and PP Turbine keeping the ship itself cold Since you are recovering the heat that would be lost in to space The inside would be more like a sauna H2O would not freeze.
I know this is kinda irrelevant to the video, but not that long ago I watched a video about time dilation. Neil Degrass Tyson said light experiences everything immediately, because it's going so fast everything in its life time, in it's point of view, happens instantaneously. So what would happen if you (theoretically) slowed down a proton enough that it was experiencing everything happening to it, and you left it there. What would happen to the proton? And how long would it take for something to happen to it?
What about ice crystals viewed under a microscope, as in Dr Masaru Emoto's studies? (Probably rejected by science.) Do dry ice crystals resemble water crystals or no? I want to see all of those microscopic crystals. Is a 'model result' synonymous with hypothesis?
The boiling ice quicker I think would work because if you think about the vapor coming out and freezing inside the freezer that is still coming from the pot
i’ve always wondered why neil and gary can’t acquire the same quality camera that chuck has. even if he’s in a hotel room, he’s always in full HD! come on, neil!,
This is Crazy to me as a Canadian. Because the lady sat there LITERALLY describing a Toque and can't come up with a word for it and NOBODY says anything about it. It's a generic term for a tight covering winter hat that people from the States would call a "Beanie".
Nope I wasn't talking about beanies / toques. The traditional hats worn by curlers are more like floppy berets. They're formally called 'bonspeil tams', but given how rare they are outside curling, I didn't think naming them would help much.
That should work if equal masses, vs volumes, are compared. Similar air flows around in the fridge as well needed. Multiple runs, swapping positions may alleviate that uncertain variable.
Isn't it cool how atomic/chemical lattices look like they emerge from Penrose Tiling. I wonder if the Planck scale structure of space-time itself is structured this way as well.
![BLACK BAG - Official Trailer [HD] - Only in Theaters March 14](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Du0Xp8WX_7I/mqdefault.jpg)
If you're interested, check out Laurie's book: amzn.to/3XjXkOR
Correction: oceans are blue because the water absorbs red (and green).
If it was due to scattering, when you looked up the light from the sky would appear red (as it wasn't scattered). Think of a setting sun. Instead it looks blue when you look up.
Got it on my wish list
It makes perfect sense free electrons, and since the oxygen atom is so evasive, ice and water doesn’t make jello, it makes plasma protium because everyone was so delusional about neutrons and it’s association to the elements they made up protium molecules so 1 proton and one electron as an atomic structure not mention on the periodic table because it’s so dumb… instead it’s 1 neutron and a proton with a free electron, creating a hydrogen ion field based on the rejection of mass which run in conjecture of what gravity is…
The repel of mass gain to infinite…
Don’t blame me blame M theory when I witness my first monopole creating a free electron in a gravity polarity of a north and South Pole with ferrofluid 🤪
I broke nothing in the process.
Chuck’s evolution on this series is wonderful to see.
I agree. I love his humour. Sometimes he makes asides or quips that seem inappropriate to the subject at hand, but you can tell when he is genuinely invested in the topic. His whole demeanour changes, he conveys his point with gravity and a sense of authority. His contributions on the implications of climate change in this video are a perfect example. He says what he means and he means what he says.
Agreed as well!
I've been following Neil and Chuck for years now, and he went from a little funny NY brat to a descent educated more international humorist! Puns are better because more on point, remarks and questions have more sense now than a few years ago, so congrats to the channel and keep up the good work Chuck it's a delight now to hear your jokes bounce around with Dr, Tyson and ease the scientific ambiance for all of us :D
Take it easy guys, we love your content!!
I've commented the same thing a few times lately. He is so intelligent, and the level of knowledge retention he displays truly blows my mind. He consistently pulls out things that he learned from Neil years ago, and it really is so impressive.
I just really appreciate that he isn’t afraid to take the lead when he knows he has something important to say. The earlier videos seemed like he was focused heavily on the comic relief. Now he contributes to every facet of the discussion. When he’s on, it really does feel like there are two hosts.
Lord Nice has been asking better and better questions each month, look at how proud of him his buddy is during the PSA
Gary really did his homework before attending these, serious props to him
For sure. Both Gary and Chuck consistently impress me with their intelligence.
He always does.
Chuck has been around Neil too much. He's becoming a genius.
He was already a genius, he is now simply more knowledgable and informed.
Ya 100% he knows most of the stuff Neil talks about but plays coy for the camera
And we have the evil Chuck!
He's always been the smartest of the pair.
Viewing ice like metamorphic rock has to be one of the most profound revelations I've ever encountered. It feels so glaringly obvious but my mind has simply never made that connection. That is a concept of elegant beauty.
i studied Glaciers in a geology class because I was fascinated by them. Professor said It was not a geologic subject so I could not write my final paper on them. I wrote up the whole hydrologic system ending with the fact that a glacier ice is by definition; a metamorphic rock. I got an A on the paper.
@@ronrocker I honestly don't know why the concept never dawned on me. I don't have an academic background and never went beyond a very average public education, but I have a lifelong interest in palaeontology and hundreds of fossils. You'd think this would equip me with moderate knowledge of geology, but this makes me rethink and reflect on how little I actually know. That is a good thing.
Makes sense when you realize ice is just a mineral.
Isn't it beautiful though, when you get that "OOOOHHHHH" moment? That's what makes this channel sooooo good! I say to myself WAY more often than I should "Well duhhhh bonehead, of COURSE that now makes sense" 🤣
@@missharding9837 It is indeed. I am invariably pleased when an authoritative source constructively shows up a gap in my knowledge in a way that I can understand, particularly if it's glaringly obvious and something I should know. I am more likely to retain the new information that way, rather than from a dry flat webpage full of text and impenetrable formulae & jargon. I also really enjoy finding out the reason WHY something behaves the way it does, when I know the behaviour itself but have little to no knowledge of what causes it to be that way.
Aside from the injection of comedy that keeps this show entertaining, I simply LOVE how Chuck and Gary (and many other guests) are so deceptively well-informed about the various topics they cover. It really shouldn't surprise me after so long, but it sometimes does... Especially when Gary and/or Chuck just come straight out the gate dropping KNOWLEDGE. 😸😻
On the topic of ice I'd really love to see them do a deep-dive on the different forms of ice, like Ice I, ii, iii, etc. (don't forget ICE IX! 🙀) 😹👍
Are we limiting the discussion to the thermodynamic equilibrium states, or are the various forms of vitreous ice also in there?
Never would've thought something as mundane as ice would be this interesting, this episode should've been longer...
I am genuinely impressed with how much Chuck knows about this subject, and am exceedingly happy about how very passionate he is about it. He has become a force of nature in his own right!
❤️❤️
Awesome to see you back on StarTalk Laurie! As always, you’ve given us great explanations & something to think about!
Thank you!
Seriously Dr. Tyson, Lord Nice is also a American Lord, Kinda like negating the fact that Gary O played soccer (football) by ever mentioning it. America has no interest in Prince William of England, we are interest in Lord Nice of America
Educational episode as anticipated
It wouldn't feel nice if someone didn't address you as Dr. Tyson, Lord Nice deserves the same respect. Feels alittle personal I'm just saying #AmericasLordNice #RespectTheTitle
#RespectHisLordship
Side note: Gary O bringing it with the "Ice 🧊 meister " Learn something new every episode. Well Done Gary O #ImpemberEffect everything I NEVER understood about curling over the past decade this episode explained, well articulated break down of curling the sport.
Lord Nice and Gary O CRUSHED it this episode. Well done Sir & your Lordship
(LORD NICE/AMERICAN LORD INTERNATIONAL CURLER)
Got in first! YAaaassss. Mr deGrasse Tyson, I am a fan. Lord Nice, I am a fan. Mr O'Reilly, you are a legend. Always learning from you all and this channel. Kudos. x
Eismeister is a German word and translated it means Ice Master. It was funny to hear that in english :)
Oh...I thought it was just how they say "master" with their British accents ...🤣
Fantastic hosts and guests!! So informative. Thank you.!!
Correction: oceans are blue because the water absorbs red (and green).
If it was due to scattering, when you looked up the light from the sky would appear red (as it wasn't scattered). Think of a setting sun. Instead it looks blue when you look up.
Damn...realllly thought in the beginning when Neil said, "Ice, ice" he was gonna follow it with, "baby"...😭
Here's a related ice nugget: the Canadian word "hoser" may (emphasis on "may" because there's no corroborating evidence of its use in print before the _Great White North_ sketches, eh?) come from hockey. According to this possible etymology, before we had Zambonis, an ice rink was resurfaced by pouring fresh water on it, and the losing team had to wield the hoses.
Hot water is less dense than cold. So filling by volume will result in less water trying to freeze. That will also confuse people into thinking it is faster.
I grew up in the Twin Cities and came to love ice skating. It seemed to me that the best temperature for skating was between 20 and 24 degrees Fahrenheit.
I’d love to watch and learn more about water and ice beyond earth too. Thanks!! Lotsa love from Toronto.
The nucleation experiment, I have done that with Propel bottles all the time!! I freeze then to be like a slush consistency. After about an hour in a really cold freezer, all I have to do is give the bottle a quick, hard shake and it freezes from the top down, almost instantly! It's fun!!
But take a small sip out of the bottle before freezing!!
Well done explanations mixed with humor is simply the best!
So glad Laurie is back! I learn something every time she's on. Please have her back again to talk about chocolate physics!
I'd never heard that Ice at very low temp creates a higher level of friction... interesting!
Really cold ice is sticky
Walking on ice is more dangerous when the ice is close to the melting point. More of the ice melts into this liquid layer, making it slipperier.
Ya ive noticed that
Like dry ice? I assume?
@@jimr9499 Dry ice is frozen CO2. It does not have a liquid state at normal atmospheric pressure. As dry ice warms, it turns directly from solid to gas.
Another very interessing topic. I would to get more deep informations on how the ice is formed on a lake.
Wow. Just as Neil is constantly busting out his universe themed ties and other clothing, Laurie's necklace is *SO* appropriate for this episode! Awesome job Laurie, great to have heard from you on this episode! So fascinating, can't thank you enough.
This episode is super fascinating. I work with fused quartz as a QA Technician, and the surface of fused quartz, seems quite smooth, almost perfectly smooth. However, it is actually like fine sand paper, because the SiO2 molecule is tetrahedral, and once the structure is cooled enough to be locked into place, the edges of the geometry of the molecule are exposed on the surface of the material, and will sand down most surfaces with a bit of time. My question is, does ice also have an abrasive surface at the coldest temperatures, as fused quartz does? Isn`t it just a relationship of hardening temperatures? Fused quartz has a certain temperature point where the molecular structure becomes locked in, and the only way to change the structure is by reheating the material. Is that what is happening with ice at various temperatures? Can ice be sand paper, as well, at certain temperatures?
Yes ice can be very abrasive. I groom snow trails and when snow is very cold it doesn't produce any lubrication on the large smooth surface of a grooming blade and will wear paint down quickly, and even dull the steel blades.
Would have liked to heard about some the exotic forms of ice. like Ice IV and so on.
Slippery, due to temporary melting by gravity and your weight. The permanent slipperiness layer of ice is permanent because gravity will always be acting on it no matter where it’s materialized. And femto-seconds and meters are usually more accurate units of measurement for our quantum understanding of what and how Ice actually is. Love the talk though, coming from a place where we regularly get -40 C and a record of -58 in our 6 months of winter.
You can also nucleate beer! I think I said that right. Fun lil at home experiment. Throw a bottle or 2 of beer in a freezer. Let it get to 32°f but don't let it freeze. Give it a tap. Watch it freeze in seconds
Love the content as always , interesting and fun to be a lifelong learner with you guys 💫
Living in alaska I have noticed the worst time to drive is when the snow is soft and slushy. A lot more traction at lower temperatures a lot
I would assume warmer ice is more slippery because when your hand touches the ice, your body temperature instantly heats up the ice and melts a tiny part of it. The colder the ice, the more heat it would take for the ice to warm up enough to melt a tiny bit. So when the ice is way too cold that even your body heat won’t heat it up enough to melt, it just feels rough because that’s what ice is supposed to feel like. But when the ice is warm enough, touching the ice turns some of it to water making it slippery. And the same goes for your shoes too. Your shoes are warmer than the ice. But at a certain point, the ice is too cold to be warmed up enough by your shoe
Esclarecer a ciência como esta é um desafio em todos os lugares. Nos EUA é ainda mais difícil. Percebo que muitas pausas são feitas para não sobrecarregar a atenção dos telespectadores. Eu não sou um cientista. Fez apenas o trabalhador qualificado para a química na Alemanha. No entanto, estou sempre grato por novas descobertas científicas! Saudações das Termas de Monfortinho - Portugal
U watched in English and commented in ogaboga explain why
@@Edgednb Make the same Job like the World -> Use Google like the rest of us! -> Google has been destroying my native language through ignorance for a decade. Google only translates into Brazilian Portuguese, which is extremely difficult to express. It takes the meaning of our traditional music as it is philosophical and poetic. The search engine misleads us Portuguese to Brazil even in legal questions, so we don't find anything more. And the net is full of Brazilians who have no idea about Europe and choose the idiota Bolsonario as an angel.
Another effect in the "hot water freezes faster" garbage is that the hot tray melts into whatever surface it is on, and the heat gets extracted faster than from the cold tray due to better contact, the cold tray is mostly just suspended in air. Air is not a good conductor of heat.
your thumbnail made me lol cuz i read it in your voice, "why ice is so cool." lol
I can't think *of anyone better to ride a Zamboni with than Deadpool ;D
I tip that the unusual curling direction of the curling stone is related to the speed difference of a car tire in relation to the center point that Pof Tyson explained in a later episode of star talk.
I remember Gary from Palace and Birmingham ? He was always one of the really nice guy's in football.
Fascinating post.
If any viewers get the chance to visit the Mer De Glass in Chamonix (Mont Blanc) a fascinating hike down towards the glacier shows how nature is being changed and is constantly influenced by mankind's influence on the world.
There is a fantastic museum / educational centre there that explains about ice
On a lighthearted note...... Gary looks like the footballing equivalent of Martin Kemp 🤣🤣
Ice Ice Baby 💀
All right stop
Collaborate and listen
@@shannonharris DAMN!
You actually beat me to it; I swear to God I was just about to post the SAME EXACT PHRASE, VERBATIM!!! 😭😭😭🤣🤣🤣
@@ParabellumX Ice is back with a brand new invention
@@shannonharris, something grabs a hold of me tightly; flow like a harpoon daily and nightly!
@@ParabellumX Will it ever stop?
Yo, I don't know
Very interesting episode love watching you guys and learning new things
Since it is a quasi-liquid, the bonds existing between the water molecules on the surface may be dynamic not static causing it the roll around making it mobile.
I’ve seen that ice nucleation happen with a bottle of Gatorade. It was in the coolest part of the fridge, I pulled it out, it wasn’t frozen, but then I cracked the lid and it started freezing from the top down
The best (most thrilling) whitewater rafting trip was when there was a larger than normal snowpack in 1981 and it rained heavily on top, so the Rio Grande was flowing very heavily(many more square feet per second.
The hot water freezing faster question has always been intriguing to myself. I was thinking in terms of the Hot water being able to release more energy faster as the hot wants to be cold quicker, than the room temperature water would. That is just my conception on that statement. wouldn't that issue be the same as the wind chill explanation you had given in another episode? the cold air takes the heat from you so you feel colder because the wind always leaves cold air in place of the air that was just heated from the body. so there is a fan moving air in the freezer which would be that wind chill effect happening then?
It's great that these geniuses' talk to me in a manner that does not make me feel like the dullard that I really am
It's the Gecko foot expert, love this girl.
Thank you!
We "flash freeze", as we call it, our soda all the time. We learned the time frame and its awesome to see it happen❤❤
I'm just CHILLING here on the COOL section of RUclips!
If boiling water freezes faster than cold water due to some of it evaporating off and then there is less water to freeze, why do we put hot water in the zamboni?
New Zealand! Me here too. 😊🇳🇿
Neil and Chuck for 2024
Thanks for explaining why curling is a sport.
just curious... had two coffee cups filled with water one boiling the other room temperature... pitched them in the wind one turned to snow? how does hot water not freeze faster?
Omg ... Chuck flexing his science knowledge... very impressive!
Lori's point on ice becoming more sticky the colder it gets shows in curling. Too cold and the rocks go too slow. Too warm and the rocks go too fast, and there is no ability to make them to curl.
Very Interesting - so much I never knew about something I obviously just took for granted all these years.
Its my understanding that cold things are denser= more water per volume= more thermal mass. Probably observations of hot water cooling faster due to an expanded surface area for thermal transferance
@star_talk didn't hear about any competitions
The description of "quasi-liquid"... I wonder if it's the ice version of surface tension in water, and does surface tension in water "change" in a similar way as it approaches boiling point?
Definitely deserves that honorary PhD
So there is actually science to prove that boiling water freezes quicker than cold water from your faucet. The cold water from your faucet runs at about 25° C. So in the context of filling an ice tray you end up with say 1" cubes of non compressible fluid at 25°C going into the freezer. However with close to boiling water you have a couple of accelerating factors going on. Firstly and less prevalent is the expansion the heart from the boiling water causes meaning more surface area to interact with the freezing elements in the freezer. Secondly you have the steam that as it rises freezes and falls back into the ice tray at far below 25°C chilling the water in the ice tray by turning it's steam to ice.
I haven't studied physics and Im sure it shows so I don't know equation that shows this but I am sure I can remember seeing one.
Dr Tyson, is there a reason curling uses deionized water? Is it just a purity thing?
It is a purity thing, yes. They want to have precise control over how and when the water freezes. Any impurities/ variation in the water will impact that. Thanks for the question 👍
@@LaurieWinkless Thank you for the response!
Chuck to ice: “I just can’t trust you!”
You can "observe" pressure melting of something else than water when High Explosive Anti Tank charge hits the armor. The pressure exerted on the armor is so high that it turns into liquid in a line
I agree with Chuck: They made curling interesting. Which is a feat.
I don't believe Neil is right about the reason hot water freezes faster than cold. It's NOT because of the small amount of water that evaporates away leaving behind less water to freeze, like he says. This can easily be disproven by decreasing the amount of cold water at the beginning of the experiment to match the remaining lesser weight of the hot water after it freezes. (or increase the amount of hot water at the beginning) With this setup, both the hot and the cold side are freezing the same amount of water in the end, to compensate for the greater evaporation from the hot side. Result: The hot water will still freeze faster. The laws of thermodynamics state that the greater the difference between the hot and the cold, the faster the heat is transfered. Example: If you throw a glass of cold water into the air in -40 degree tempertures, it will just fall to the ground. If you throw a glass of near boiling water into -40 degree air, it will instantly vaporize into tiny ice crystals and float away. It has NOTHING to do with the amount of water in the glass. It's thermodymanics in action.
Hey Neil! Movement of ice (or snow) on a hill doesn't just result from the ice moving; it also depends on whether there is rock or sandy soil underneath the ice. If the ice is on top of granulated soil, the soil may be the thing that moves. If it is on top of smooth rock, it may be the low coefficient of friction that causes the ice to move. Either way, the ice has potential energy and the steeper the hill, the more the ice will want to move to its lowest state.
Just trying to help without sounding too dumb. 🙂
13:30 Announcer #1: Here we are at the first annual 1,000 meter ice dash, unlike the usual course this is going to be a straight 1,000 meters over ice, we'll be covering it from a mobile booth following alongside the race.
Announcer #2: The racers are lining up and we'll be starting in just a moment.
A #1: Now folks, the track is cooled to differing degrees as we go, by the end of the course the temperature of the ice will be chilled to the point where it has the lowest friction.
A #2: [Breaks down the actual temperature numbers] So those last 200m or so will basically be a slide to the finish.
A #1: Okay, they're lined up, annnnd they're off! [sports commentary]
A #2: We're approaching the 500m mark, the ice temperature is changing enough for the surface to start getting slippery. [Racer name] falls down, they get back up, but that looked like it hurt!
A #1: [Names several racers] all tumble to the ice, they appear to be fine.
A #2: We're continuing with our leaders, as we hit 700m mark the ice will be getting quite slippery, and when we hit 900m the ice will be at its slickest all the way to the finish line. I hope nobody ends up getting hurt too bad.
A #1: [Racer] is in the lead, gliding gracefully across the ice.
A #2: Oh lord! [Racer} just went down hard. They were in 5th place, but I don't think they're gonna shake that one off.
A #1: My god! Look at the feeds! We have racers down all over the track! This is terrible!
A #2: Oh no! The leaders are reaching the 900m mark. [Racer] goes down, oh the horror, they landed on their head. The rest of the racers are going down hard.
A #1: This is a nightmare, a true tragedy! Who thought up this terrible event?
Enjoy Startalk a bunch. Thanks for keeping it going!
If the paper on the quasi liquid had another sibling on it who is an engineer, I am certain it would just be called water film. Or a twin who has worked on the paper is in movie making and calls it nano water :p And if a half brother is also on the paper and turns out to be Deepak Chopra it would be called quantum water. Ultra aligned quantum memory water to be exact.
Never thought a video from STAR TALK would give me a better appreciation for Curling! 🤓👌
Before I watch the video I am going to make a guess. Ice is not necessarily slippery depending on the type of ice. That being said any source of ice would become more slippery by being interreacted with. That being the life form on the ice would create additional thin layers through water as a result of friction or body heat. Though that being said i assume without those the reason would be that ice is expanded in comparison.
Where can I ask questions? can you please guide me. I have a few here if you consider them for a reply.
Why is evolution required? What is the importance of Earth's Life system to the universe?
&
Are we a combination of Chemical Reactions? or What is life?
Wait a min! Doesn't the boiling (tap) water freeze faster because all the dissolved air has been evacuated from it?? And as mentioned, the more the impurities in the water, the harder it is to freeze it
I would bet that the experiment wouldn't work quite as well with distilled water (and there, perhaps, the lower volume of water after boiling, is a factor)
Supercooling and nucleation is cool!
Used to work with small vials of diluted insulin. We'd freeze them. If you opened the freezer at the right time, they would be supercooled, and you could flick the vial and it would freeze in your hand!
The point being it does not take very pure water.
Of course, the water we used was super pure, and the insulin was also ultrapure, so...
I always thought that warm water freezes faster because its molecules move faster and so they can slot into crystal structure faster and form ice easier
Hoping after this episode Neil is starting to become more pro curling :) interesting stuff thanks for this one :)
I have a question (i don't know if he reads it but maybe someone else could answer it too). a Black Hole can bend Space so strong that nothing escapes but when i imagine Space Flat than would a black Hole bend a corridor shaped space bubble underneath it (like a wormhole if you will). so my question is (if my thinking is correct) what would happen if 2 black holes would connect to each other by bending space?
How long does a Earth-stationary person travel during a typical life-time? Earth rotates and moves around the Sun, the sun moves around the galaxy, etc. Does a human travel a light-year during a typical life span, say 85 Earth years?
The distance traveled in a life time is relative.
27:00 I LOVE REALITY TV. bring the Friction
Very interesting guys, I loved this episode. I love
science.
i'm surprised Bobsledding and Luge were not mentioned.
How bout a video on water memory
if ice is so 'slippery' due to 'quasi-liquid' at -7°, can we use it instead of oil in bearings?
Heat pipes and PP Turbine keeping the ship itself cold Since you are recovering the heat that would be lost in to space The inside would be more like a sauna H2O would not freeze.
I know this is kinda irrelevant to the video, but not that long ago I watched a video about time dilation. Neil Degrass Tyson said light experiences everything immediately, because it's going so fast everything in its life time, in it's point of view, happens instantaneously. So what would happen if you (theoretically) slowed down a proton enough that it was experiencing everything happening to it, and you left it there. What would happen to the proton? And how long would it take for something to happen to it?
Very informative and fun to listen. Awesome awesome hosts you are
🥶 Another excellent & cool/cold video lesson 🥶
Thanks ✌🏿
What about ice crystals viewed under a microscope, as in Dr Masaru Emoto's studies? (Probably rejected by science.) Do dry ice crystals resemble water crystals or no? I want to see all of those microscopic crystals. Is a 'model result' synonymous with hypothesis?
It’s all depends what molecules in that water basics
hot water freezes better in ice trays.
cold water when frozen breaks apart in icetrays.
Ice is associated to free electrons, as opposed to energy loss in a nuclear fission, as above is also below
The boiling ice quicker I think would work because if you think about the vapor coming out and freezing inside the freezer that is still coming from the pot
Using her description of curling stones it reminds me of how a curveball curves. The magnus effect.
Talk about homosapions and reliegon
i’ve always wondered why neil and gary can’t acquire the same quality camera that chuck has. even if he’s in a hotel room, he’s always in full HD! come on, neil!,
This is Crazy to me as a Canadian. Because the lady sat there LITERALLY describing a Toque and can't come up with a word for it and NOBODY says anything about it. It's a generic term for a tight covering winter hat that people from the States would call a "Beanie".
Nope I wasn't talking about beanies / toques. The traditional hats worn by curlers are more like floppy berets. They're formally called 'bonspeil tams', but given how rare they are outside curling, I didn't think naming them would help much.
I wish you would put the links to her social media so that I could find the more easily. ✌️
When you say sealed - how much does it need to be - like would it work in a plastic milk bottle from the UK type of thing with the lids on and tight?
That should work if equal masses, vs volumes, are compared.
Similar air flows around in the fridge as well needed. Multiple runs, swapping positions may alleviate that uncertain variable.
@@michaelgian2649 I am going to give it a try and then let you all know the results :)
I would film it but dont think freezing my camera in there with it would be too good on the phone lol
Isn't it cool how atomic/chemical lattices look like they emerge from Penrose Tiling. I wonder if the Planck scale structure of space-time itself is structured this way as well.
Isn't there no such thing as cold as cold is really just an absence of heat or energy?