Einstein Didn't Invent Relativity! - Physics Explained for Beginners
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- Опубликовано: 6 авг 2024
- Find out who came up with the concept of relativity in this video.
Hey guys, I'm back with the final video on this channel for 2019! I hope it's been a good year for you.
In this video, I wanted to discuss relativity, in order to get away a bit from the usual quantum chat. A lot of you wanted me to make a video about relativity, so I thought I'd make one, but not focus on Albert Einstein's theories of Special and General Relativity. Did you know that Galileo was the first person (as far as we know) to come up with a way of dealing with relative motion?
He based his ideas on what we now call Newtonian (or Classical) Mechanics, which is full of "common sense" ideas about how the universe works. One such idea is that of "universal time", which says that everybody in the universe experience time in the exact same way. One second passing for me is the same as one second passing for you, even if we are moving at different speeds relative to each other. Now this seems to make sense to us, but this is not how the universe works.
When Einstein came up with Special Relativity, he decided to incorporate the idea of a constant speed of light, which dropped out of the mathematics of Maxwell's equations. Scientists at the time thought that this was a mistake, but Einstein decided to run with it and see where it took him. It turned out that his ideas were a better representation of how the universe behaves. We now have a lot of experimental evidence suggesting that the universe works the way Einstein thought it did, and not how Galileo thought it did.
Here's a nice video by minutephysics explaining Time Dilation and Length Contraction, which is what Einstein had to allow to be a thing in order for the speed of light to be constant in his ideas. • Length Contraction and...
Thanks so much for watching, don't forget to follow me on Instagram @parthvlogs
I'll see you in the new year!
Wow, what a great channel ... I’m so glad that I came across this channel by pure coincidence. When I viewed the first video, it just struck me from the start and I immediately subscribed.
Been following for a while now and just wanted you to know that you’re doing a fantastic job, the videos are a joy to watch, superbly filmed and edited, right to the point, very informative.... keep up the fantastic job you’re doing and have a great day...☺️☺️😉😉
Superb explanation. Thanks a lot. Hats of to you. Keep it up and keep making these kind of videos because remember physics is everything.
i do enjoy your explanations. you seem to get a different angle on things which helps me to increase my understanding or get a slim grip on things that have otherwise eluded me. i look forward to seeing more like this in the new year.
Waiting for the videos on MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS.
Likes this one too.👍
Thanks so much :)
@@ParthGChannel i need length contraction and time dilation video could you upload it please
Yes! ❣️
Thank you Parth! Been a fan for a few months and still get inspired by you constantly. Merry Christmas!
Love the way how you explain.
I get to know many interesting things from your video.
Waiting for the next one.
Recently discovered yourr channel. Your explanations are great. Keep up the good work
Astrophysics grad here, never had anyone explain relativity to me so eloquently before. Very well done
Finally first video on relativity❤️. Liked the video first. Now gonna watch it. Love ya bro. Love frm Pakistan ♥️
That was a really good one. Nice work!
Hey Parth. Please be patient. You will get more subscribers soon. You are doing great job. God bless you.
I agree! ❣️
Thank you for another excellent video... I had a moment of fear when the title popped up on my notifications (I have seen too many iconoclastic videos trying to look clever by accusing Einstein of various chicanery). Fortunately you present a very important and correct connection. Two things... first, I just posted a comment on your spin video (which is excellent) noting that you reversed the usual convention for angular momentum and macroscopic spin... here I am amused to discover that you chose consistent left-handed coordinate systems, an even less significant contravention of convention but a consistent one. I have decided to regard this as a charming idiosyncrasy and will make no further comments on the chiral conventions you adopt. Second it is worth noting that Galilean relativity also got a lot of pushback when initially proposed, because it was counter to people's then-common-sense. They argued, for example, that the Earth could not possibly be orbiting the sun since if the Earth was moving then a ball you dropped would land far behind you as you (and the Earth) moved. So Galilean relativity was somewhat revolutionary to our world-view in its day too.
Thank you for making these videos, and all the best in the next decade, I look forward to seeing more of your work!
Nice vid, maybe you could mention the MM experiment and aether but it might prolong the video quite a bit
What I like most about you is that you do not respond to the comments of those who wish to be "supremely wise" and think that what they do not know does not exist. Thank you for keeping the same level of plausibility in your explanations.
It’s all about teaching strategy. There is a saying "You can't teach anyone how to teach." Either someone was born for it or not. I think you are.
Well said! ❣️
Amazing clear explanation. Thank you!
Explaination is very down to earth. This enables the learners especially from non-science background to get decoction of science qualitative and build up basis for science background to develope quantitative approach. I always look upon ur tact and skills as I too take public and paid session in astrophysics for students. Great going!
👍❣️
33.3K boyyyyy....Parth...I've been here since when you had 150 subs dudeeeee..... congrats..you're the best and you'll soar higher
Lots and lots of love from India
Thanks for the support as always man!
16:28
The velocity of light can at least appear to change and this allows for gravity lensing for general relativity
Great base and efficient explanation
New subscriber here.
Great channel.
Just a thought, have you considered doing reviews of science movies.
A Beautiful Mind and A Theory of Everything, just to name a few
The profound aspect of Galilean Relativity is that accelerations (a = F/m) are the same between two frames of reference moving at constant velocities with respect to one another.
The profound aspect of Special Relativity is that the speed of light (from Maxwell's equations) is the same between two frames of reference moving at constant velocities with respect to one another.
Noobs like me are grateful to have such a wonderful teacher amongst us. Thank you for ELI5ing everything I thought was incomprehensible! Keep up the great work dude, much love :)
Amongus
Please look into Avicenna's works for the foundation of the theory of motion and relativity...
Parth, you are doing a great job. Can you pls make videos about Polarization of light and what is circularly and elliptically polarized light, what are half wave and quarter wave plates
Make a video on explaining new physics discoveries of the decade
That's a great idea, will try and compile something :) Thanks
Please make videos about Thermodynamics and explain why we define its terms the way we do. Really enjoy your vids bud!
I agree with you! ❣️
There are good reasons why Einstein didn't get Nobel prize from special or general relativity since ideas about those theories were everywhere during his time. Also, I'm sure that the "easy" solution of photoelectric phenomenon was conjectured by many right after the Planck's discovery.
Nobel prize is for those who discovers something new! ❣️
Great one
Hey Parth, can you please include your intro music in your videos again? It's lovely!
Jst iam thinking of explain maths like the way u explain
Ur explaination is simply 😍😍👌👌
Thank you for content
If you start by using the 4D Space-Time environment as your reference frame, you can then soon discover the foundation that creates the relativistic outcome. You find out what it is that creates the relativistic independent frames of reference. Or, you can start with those relativistic independent frames of reference, and be confused as ever, all due to not looking at the bigger picture.
classic knowledge video - right for the laymen tooo..keep it up ...thanks ...looks smart -cut .for christmas ,,tour ..
I have a doubt ,
It is said that super conducters have 0 resistance and so that the current will pass very well through it ,but according to R = V/I , will there be any current passing through the conducter .?
It wasn't because 'c' needed to be constant (only in your reference frame). It was the fact it had a finite speed. It wasn't instantaneous. Plus, it could be slowed down by a medium (a vacuum being the lowest pressure state possible so far). The omega (velocity of an object in a pressure system) is governed by this (curved space). Time is only a rate of change (it is relative). Space can be compressed (making it impossible to move as within the gravitational field of a dense object); or, expanded (making it longer to traverse as with the expansion of the universe can outrun your effort).
Problem: when time and space are linked; what is acting as the universal clock to measure speed for everything? That answer came with the structuring of space (general relativity). It was the maths to calculate all this makes him stand out as a genius. Anyone could imagine what he did. Not anyone could explain why. A model is needed to visualise it. QM (probability matrix on interactions) and ST (everything is mass in motion) want to show us more.
Like hearing him break these things down!
Great video dude. By the way, technically speaking the new decade starts in 2021, not in 2020.
What about a three-body problem would these equations still hold? I really like the explanation for this. Really great job; many people tend to hate relativity because it's hard to wrap your head around. But my question is that the assumption that velocity is along the x-direction would only hold if there are only two bodies in "relative motion".
What if we had three bodies simultaneously in relative motion? (Well Einstein's theory of general relativity tells that no two events can be simultaneous) Then again I can't help but wonder how that system would look like. Parth can you help me out with this?
Hello Sir
I have one question related to the relativity.
First we have to assume we have a spacecraft which allows us reaching the speed of light with a constant accelaration equals 9.81 [m/s^2], just to not feel and worry about what we are doing. From the classic physic we know that a=v/t, so if a=9.81 [m/s^2], and v=c=299792458 [m/s] then t=30559884 [s] what is also 353.7 days. It looks okay but since we move faster our time goes slower. What would be the time recorded by someone inside that spacecraft to reach the speed of light? I am also curious what would be the distance the spacecraft would have traveled?
I read your comment 6 times. I believe I didn't understand half of it 🤭❣️
@@teddy_miljard Cose English isn't my first language.
Maybe this way.
How much time in a spacecraft would take to reach the speed of light at constant accelaration equal 9.81?
I believe it was Lorentz who came up with that transformation, Voigt's was earlier but slightly different and shown to be less accurate when dealing with time dilation some time in the late 1930's.
Plz make a video on string theory 🙏🙏🙏 btw liked this one..
Sure, I haven't studied it in any detail so will have to learn the fundamentals but I will do it someday
You shouldn't be wasting time on dead hypothesis which can never be falsified. But yeah if you love maths, string theory has some beautiful maths
@@rselvarajanMBA Yeah, you're absolutely right. String theory does have mathematical elegance. However, even if the theoretical structure is mathematically consistent I don't see this theory getting proved experimentally anytime in the near future.
Shouldn't it be:
x' = x + vt,
And not
x' = x - vt, as described in the video? A little confused here.
Nabarun Moitra nah just the direction no problem with signs I think
It is x' = x - vt. Take a point in the dash frame. Its distance from O' is x'. But that points distance from O (which is the ground frame) is x. And the difference between the O and O' is vt (since that is the distance O' travels in a given time t with the speed v). Now u see. x = x' + vt. So x' = x - vt. Just draw a neat diagram and try working it out u will get the required result but the result shown in the video are correct
17:49 Back-tick have mislead me into thinking that Galileo transformation is somehow connected to the first-oder ODE.
If you have no physics education, and SR makes no sense to you at all, I found that this makes it much much easier to just discover SR all by yourself, and you do so by starting from scratch. You can also derive the SR equations in mere minutes by taking this route, including deriving the Lorentz Transformation equations.
Also can you make a video explaining all the Units related to light .
t'=t/square root from 1-v^2/c^2 isn't this lorentz boost equation ?
Can spacetime be a reference point... like one point on space time kept as center and everything else could be measured according to it. Like for our convenience... or is it already der... or not feasible due to expansion... can we like point where the universe began like the point of the big bang ?
Also merry Christmas and happy new year in advance
Well to be honest, we use whatever reference frame is most convenient for each scenario, e.g. the Earth's surface when we talk about moving cars. Relativity just tells us that each different frame is a valid one, and there is no one frame that is "more important" or "more fundamental" than the others. Merry Christmas to you too!
IIRC point of bigbang is everywhere in our universe 😁. Correct me if I'm wrong
@@ParthGChannel I understand that none is more important... we could always have one that's most important in our perspective... just in case we figure out fast space travel 😅
@@abdulrahmanmohamed8298 is it so ?
i think i understand what you're trying to say, my best reasoning for why we dont give any reference point preference over other is because spacetime is curved all most everywhere due to gravity. is that good enough?
Please explain about fenyman diagrams
Hey!
I have a doubt on length contraction. is length actually physically contracted or it just appears to the observer ?!!
If it actually contracts then what happens to the atoms within it ?does their interatomic distance reduces or how ?
You are jumping the gun and not building up the basics first before exploring length contraction. But, yes, it does happen. When you focus an old CRT television you are doing the same thing an astronomer does with his or her telescope, by changing the focal length. Now the television does not contract but the distance from the coil to the screen does change in the reference frame of the electron so that the electron will not tumble.
It appears to be contracted for a observer in Inertial frame
In SATCOM too, there's use of Relativity.
Merry Christmas 🎄🦌 🎄⛄ 🎅
Hello sir! Can i reach you on mail or any other communication medium for physics questions ??? Your explanations are quite understandable!
Please make a video on Polarization of wave❤️❤️🌹💐💐💐💐💐💐💐🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹
Amazing video, but is 2020 part of a new decade?
there are situations where, even at low speeds, relativity is significant... a beautiful example is electromagnetic Field.. you should maybe cover it sometime in future..
Yes definitely!
How do physicists make laws(theories)?
I have heard poincare write mathematical equations for Einstein? Is it true?
Plz make a video about entropy.
I have been always wondering: Why speed of light has to be constant in all reference frames and how this results from Maxwell's equations?
I am not sure if this is the right answer but afaik it is because when deriving the speed of EM waves(light) we get a constant of sqrt(e*b). The constants e and b depends upon the medium and not the reference frame. So speed of light has to be constant.
I didn't understand your question.. ❣️
Bro your content is awsm
This is my mom's account and i m in 10th
You make it understand soo easily
hi, please clear this for me.
time is not relative entity. time is an absolute entity. it is only when we observe or measure time, it becomes relative. only when the distance is involved, time has to slow down.
For example, quadruplets are born. two of them are instantaneously transported to different planet light years away from each other[assume for demonstration]. two of them in one planet and other two in earth grow reach 75 years of age. The pair in earth will be 75 years old. The pair in hypothetical planet also 75 years old. only when you observe the two twins in far away planet, you will see them much younger because we are not seeing reality, rather the light emitted relative to our planet. so you observe them to be younger than you than reality. is this correct understanding of relativity?
thanks,
harish pathangay
Thank you for the video I really liked.
Especially the matter that needs to be re-thought everything.
For example, the speed of light, we tend to think we know everything about the so-called speed of light.
Even we tend to think that the speed of light is constant in the entire universe! Although there is no proof of that! By logic this is a question that is the most obvious answer according to the data we have, either right or wrong.
Well, it was in a night in 1905, after discussing the issue with a friend, Einstein decided to make time a variable, this was the crucial insight. I found this is a good biography.
Thanks Claudio, any ideas who that friend was? I'm going to try and find out
Probably I read it in "Einstein: His Life and Universe", from Walter Isaacson. Good Look!
Sir , Einstine : Stupidity matters a lot ! And this is reason to succeed !
Said by Aman Singh
🙏🏻🥰🙏🏻
Wow! ❣️
Another important bit of history is that Lorentz transformations had already been worked out before Einstein. It's just that Einstein took it seriously while others didn't.
Bro which software u use for editing
Why are the Equations of Relativity called Lorentz Transformation Equations?
Ty
In France, we seem to know that. But it's said not to loudly, for some strange reason.
Edit: Wait, the video doesn't talk about Pointcarré?!
I miss this stuff. (Physics major now practicing law.)
what?👀 physics to law, what made you leave such a natural subject or you had a leaning towards law from the beginning
@@akshatsaini69 My intent was to practice patent law, which I did, but the large law firm where I did it soured me to all of it. I do a little trademark and copyright work, but my practice focuses primarily on real estate. I'm happy with what I'm doing, but still, I miss the science.
Schrodinger equation please😌
Off topic: I hope school is going well. What is it that you want to do when you graduate?
Henri poincare do you know him?
The Galilei relativity is quit relative, Einsteins relativity is not quit relative:
We have in special relativity a "stationary" system, a system that is contrary to Galilei relativity.
150 year ago Maxwell ask what the constant c is constant to? Einstein: c is constant to the "stationary" system - so, c is contrary to Galilei relativity.
brooo you got 35k subscribers now
And, if we choose space-time as our reference frame, we soon find out that we are all in motion, and that we all share the exact same magnitude of motion. In turn, all we can do is change our direction of travel, within that 4D space-time environment. And so if you create a simple geometric representation of this ongoing motion within space-time, along with the option of changing of direction of travel, from it you can derive the SR mathematical equations, including the Lorentz transformation equations, and you can do so in mere minutes. So why don't they teach this in schools? After all, this simple simple geometric representation of motion within space-time, exposes time dilation, length contraction, velocity addition, and the Lorentz transformations, all at the same time. Of course that makes SR very easy to understand since its entirety is being exposed all at once.
Where are you ?
Is space a fluid?
Einstein's relativity work is a magnificent mathematical garb which fascinates, dazzles and makes people blind to the underlying errors. The theory is like a beggar clothed in purple whom ignorant people take for a king... its exponents are brilliant men but they are metaphysicists rather than scientists.
Nikola Tesla
I just love how Tesla choose his words. ❣️
Hey Parth
I had Written a blog on Einstein’s theory of relativity..
Now I’m probably gonna edit it
Hey! That sounds really interesting, what was the specific topic?
Just wrote about Einstein’s special and general theory of relativity. Just the basics. I’m giving my igcse exams this feb, so I do not have the leisure to do so much research about this topic. But now that you have started explaining complex topics in a simpler way, it has become easier for young aspiring physicists like me to learn more. Keep the good work man, hope I’ll be able to meet you some day
@@vedantchimmalgi463 well Einstein was a fraud plagiarist
I want to see that second chanel please.
Hopefully very soon! :D
Parth G Hey Parth, I hope you are not busy at the time you see this. Well, this reply is totally unrelated to the main thread. What I want to say is that *your voice intrigues me* (of course not comparable to your insightful lessons). *Could you please tell me if you did any voice coaching? **Could you suggest some tips to produce a resonating voice of yours?* Thank you, *your advice will be helpful*. Have a superb day.
Bhaiya,
DO YOU KNOW ABOUT ELECTRIC UNIVERSE THINGH?
I need to check it out!
Parth G It’s flat earth shit.
@@ParthGChannel check it.
Merry Christmas in case you are celebrating!
The theory of Relativity was not discovered or thought up by Albert Einstein, but by Poincare a mathematician and physicist about 30 Year older than Einstein
Another viewpoint is that relativity is the wrong term for his theories. A different term would be Einstein’s Special Invariant theory as his theory deals with the invariance of the speed of light.
Hi!
Epistemologically and etymologically speaking, "discover" is not an appropriate word. Since physics knowledge is a model, it is not a real thing-in-the-world that is cover and waiting to be un/discovered.
I do think "proposed" relativity is a less naive idea.
Best regards from Brazil! Love your videos.
False. Understanding differs from knowledge. You know how to walk. But do you understand walking as a neuroscientist does, researching and experimenting with nervous systems and brains to see how all the proper firing of neurons in a particular order must take place before one can figure out how to help someone with cerebral palsy how to move smoothly without shaking as you do?
@@drakeequation521 That physics is a model is a consensus on epistemology discussion. Hence, the "discover" concept must to be inappropriate.
By the way, I did not realize how your rhetoric question rebuts anyway the statement post. Would you mind to clarify your point?
@@drakeequation521 Science does not study reality, just models, due to its inherent complexity. Models evolve as they survive to test and discussion. There's nothing to be discover. Along decades the science community took Newtonian Mechanics for granted, so we have Einstein and Quantum. We are just looking for more powerful models, not discovering new things. When a whole theory is proposed, often old basic assertions are "thrown away", so we are not just discover something new, but proposing a new way to do "reality reading".
I suggest Bachelard and Bunge, if I may do it, as authors to you deeply explore the issue I bring to discussion.
@@GeovaniLopesDias You are not making the comparison I made at all. You are differentiating between "discover" and "knowledge". I am not. I was taking the latter (knowledge) and contrasting it with understanding. I do not question that modeling is what physics does.
It does appear that your interest lies with philosophy. I have a suggestion as well. Pick up Poul Moller's "Diary of a Danish Student" and further read Niels Bohr's response to it. Bohr saw insanity resulting from following philosophy. Philosophers to Bohr are like monks who merely continue tolling the bell and cannot get anything done.
@@drakeequation521 I see, you're exiting the philosophy discussion by some sort of pragmatism. I got your point. However it'll be the case if Parth did not put in his title a word play.
I also agree with Feynman (supposedly) who thinks epistemology is useful to scientists as ornithology is to birds. However, as I wrote, I do not see my first comment as a metodolocigal discussion, but a philosophical one. The issue's utility, despite your interest on it, is not relevant on the play Parth did.
Why would he strikethrough invented to replace it by discover? The title suggest, as I see, I philosophical discussion, even subliminally, as it'd be possible.
5:00 Your height is 10????
Next year, I will study electromagnetism. You must complete the electromagnetic series before this
I am in grade 9 and able to understand all what he says can someone suggest a book
Dead Famous Albert Einstein. Get this one very simple language. And very cheap.
The Order of Time by Carlo Rovelli
It might help viewers if you first explain the reason for validation of reference points.
When measuring movement of objects, all reference points are relative to each other and valid for measuring. This is not to say the conclusions are valid.
Two people walk towards each other. How to best describe the movement. You can't say the earth is moving in opposite directions.
In the beginning of the video you explained that we need to define motion as relative to “ what” . Then you mentioned how Maxwell s work on waves was used by Einstein . But what did Maxwell use as relative “ to what “ for his c ? I think this has to be clarified before we can assume that c is the same for all observers. And why did Einstein pick c as his constant and not t? After all as you said this makes more sense cause we can easily test it in everyday life. What motivated him to even propose his theory? Its not like he was doing work in that field for years. We are told he was a patent clerk. Another thing i find odd is the reference of his genius and high IQ. People with high IQ are born that way . Its not something that comes later in life. And its very evident from the early years. Yet nobody noticed anything special in Einstein . Some of his teachers even describe him as lazy and below average student. How can this be explained ?
It was was a little unclear, from the point you started telling x prime and y prime
18:46 the understatement of the decade 😂😂
If relativity is about reference frames then I think the first person who discovered relativity was Zeno of paradox fame.
You don't invent a law you may discover it though.
SPEECH
First view
Awesome!
No, relativity is not about "relative", it says physics should be the same no matter where you are. Galileo observed on a moving car, you seem not to know that you are moving, that is fundamentally the same idea as in special relativity, you do not notice the earth is moving at 18 miles/s relative to the sun.
5:00 this man is 10km tall
It's impossible to run as slowly as 5km/h ;-)
Please do more research. I was surely hoping that when you did a video "who invented relativity," you were going to do more than just repeat what everyone says: Einstien. The fact is Einstein did not question Maxwell's equations. He did nothing of the sort.
1. There was an assumption in physics that there must be some field that light oscillated in. There were already Maxwell equations saying light was a wave.
2. To "discover" this Michaelson and Morley proposed to measure this "something" called "Aether".
3. Unfortunately the experiment was the most amazing failure in all Physics. It showed that Aether did not exist. They expected the Aether "wind" to drag light and slow it down. But no matter what direction, the speed of light was always constant.
4. Lorentz did some basic work and proposed "space contraction" i.e. the first of 3 well know "Lorentz Equations".
5. Poincare, a mathematician, was also aware of this problem and he in parallel to Lorentz came up with the same idea.
6. Poincare then extended this to not only length, but to time, and mass.
7. Item 4, 5, 6 were published and widely known 4 years before Einstein
8. Even the famous E=mc2 was known prior to 1905, when Einstein published SR
9. The problem w/ both Lorentz & Poincare was they did not know what to make of it. They had answers.
10. What Einstein did was to say, (a) no Aether (because he always thought light was a particle form "his" photoelectric effect and (b) he said it must be a "law" of the universe that
all inertial observers will measure the speed of light as a constant. By the way, Einstein is pretty much wrong on both points.
But never the less 10 stuck, because after all Einstein was a genius who had won the Nobel Prize for the Photo Electric Effect. And his "voice" carried the day. We thus end up with Einstein being credited with Special Relativity.
Why don't you research this and re-do your video with the *real* history.
Oh, and after you have researched all this, come back and ask me the truth behind (a) GR and (b) my suspicion of who really came up w/ the photo-electric effect.
Thanks for those details. sir. Can you please answer the questions you brought up?
Hey