I love Sabine. She brings a no nonsense attitude to the physics community, which currently is lacking. Dreamers are great too, but we have enough of those.
I think sabine is more of the norm. Dont get me wrong, I like her, but the influencers like NDT and Matt ODowd are so popular because they are dreamers and people resonate with that.
I am so happy Sabine is getting the media cred she deserves! The way she dives into subjects and isn't afraid to lose her audience going neck deep into nuanced truths behind conceptual models and theories that other popular scientists would rather talk about in flowery language to promote their next book is better for shaping honest communication between scientists and the public.
I like the positive comment. However, Sabine's real impact on the communication process is that she doesn't use any hype, no clickbait titles or language. She spends some time exploring common topics that seem like science but are not really backed up by data and facts. She's not afraid to say: there's no data that backup the claim. To address the dullness, your opinion is as valid as anyone else's. However, Sabine's consistent manner of fact presentation has garnered her well over 1M subs. You can easily find more entertaining hosts.
I deeply admire this physicist. I'm an amateur or layman who is fascinated with classical and quantum mechanical physics. She helps me understand the big ideas of physics. What a great teacher/ philosopher.
@@I_dont_want_an_at No, she isn't just a youtuber. No need to downplay someones intelligence just because she is willing to talk to people in words they can understand.
These discussions are just incredible. Thank you so much for taking us on this journey in pursuit of the truth. I laugh inside a little when I think that the father of probability, Gerolamo Cardano, developed probability motivated mainly by his gambler friends. Now it’s central to our understanding of the universe and our own existence. Absolutely amazing!
Tony S / No, it is not. "It is central" only to the WRONG understanding of the real dynamic of the Universe. The mathematical probabilities of the current time are the exactly equivalent of the useless epicycles of the wrong understanding from the time of Copernicus. They put you, blind you, and keep you on the wrong path of understanding the true real dynamic.
Probability is often a simplified model of things we do not understand or do not have the raw data to calculate. I think it might be fairer to say that probability is central to our modelling of the universe, humans can understand the models, but we may still have little understanding of how these probabilities are generated.
Dr Hossenfelder knows her subject so well that even RLK seems to listen to her in awe and at one point got lost in the depth of her knowledge. She is wonderful.
I appreciate that Sabine differentiates between something being wrong and the arguments for something being bad. That's a kind of spirit we'd need in the political discourse.
We need more Sabine in many fields of science, not just physics. I love that she can simultaneously do effective sci-comm for the public and call out nonsense in physics and science in general. And I like that she points out that just because certain mathematics can "explain" something, does not mean it's true or part of "nature", much more does not make something "beautiful".
@@johnfitzgerald8879 - I think that is Sabine's main point is that we haven't made any real progress in particle physics in the last 30 to 40 years, also the 'Higgs Bosun" is not really well defined and it seems to be the only redeeming value in spending all that money to build and then upgrade/rebuild the LHC in Cern.
Great contribution to the conversation! Thank you. Good reminder that we’re at a “nope, not that” point in our physics. Not to be confused with a “thus that” point.
At 1:45 - Sabine is always so accurate and corrects inaccuracies quickly before any confusion can arise. There is a big difference between similar and identical (e.g. probability distribution vs. wave function). We can only observe probability distribution but reality is based on the wave function.
So interested in this area. I remember when I was 13 and being taught about Probability by our maths teacher. Most amazing in opening my mind to our world.
This is a wonder bit of video, and I love probability. I have a lot of philosophy and math in my background, and I was fortunate to be asked to teach statistics as well as courses in my own field of evolutionary biology. As most people know, statistics is applied probability, and probability is a type of what is called 'epistemic justification", in other words justification of an empirical statement about the "objective", external world. Particle physics is a great example of this, as are many general statements about evolutionary mechanisms and outcomes. Hossenfelder is one pf my favorite science youtubers, and I'm very glad she has been so successful.
Sabine has a very direct and no-nonsense way of communicating science. Always nice to hear her talk. On a different topic, Sabine seems to have regressed to an American accent here. Quanam.
Many years ago, as an engineering student, I took a course named "the logical foundations of probability" It was facilitating, it pointed out the uncertainty of many things we assumed were absolute .
@@yinspiron3348 Carnap's book was published in 1962 I believe. There may have been an earlier edition. My engineering schooling was from 1951 to 1956. (Yes, I'm an oldie !) It was a requirement that we must take one course each semester not related to our main studies. I chose this one and found it amazing. After your comment I went on line to see if the book was available. Couldn't find one.
6:54 In religious studies, it’s called a teleological argument, and it dates as far back as Socrates’ famous speech in favor of installing a particle collider beneath Athens.
Her statement that we can not access the wave function but only observe it through the probability function is highly illuminating on what seems to be a clear understanding. There is another talk in which one of the physicists shows how higher dimensional object will be detected in a lower dimension in the same manner, as access to a probability but not access the the deterministic process. An analogy is as if we are observing the 3D shadow cast onto our 3D surface from the higher dimensional volume. It's kinda a pilot wave sort of idea except.
Probability would fail if there were more dimensions involved. Hossenfelder doesn't understand that. She claimed higher dimensions in her dissertation and got proven wrong. Since then she is on her spree of stupid claims leaning on an audience of intellectual misfits in the interwebs. Most of her fans are incels clapping for absolutely everything they assume to have a pussy.
I enjoy the question and answer style more than the lectures because it is more paced towards being able to relate and absorb information rather than what feels like in some videos as cramming sessions. I'm not a scientist by any stretch, but having a strong interest in science, I relate well to her straight forward, yet diplomatic and simplified approach.
The more I listen to Sabine Hossenfelder the more I relate to her view of theoretical physics. She explains what I struggle to explain to others. Too many people place too much sole emphasis on logic in a universe that is not fundamentally logical. I would argue that the universe is fundamentally analogical and the balance of the opposing states is what emerges. > A little bit like mapping the positions of a true constant motion analog clock. We can't map any exact position of the hand, at best we can say that the hand passes through an infinite number of positions.
It's such a relief to hear Sabine out there calling BS on popular hypothesis that are based on irrational assumptions and lacking in scientific evidence.
Sabine you’ve done it again! Du hast’s wieder geschafft! (Yes, I know, it rhymes better with McCain, but still…) And thanks to Rob for asking the good questions! And yet you’ve left me hungry for more about what exactly we don’t understand about probabilities. I had always thought that probability reflected our limited information or limited knowledge. But quantum mechanics broke my certainty about this and now I’m left wondering “what the heck IS probability”? Does it even have anything to do with Heisenberg’s indeterminacy? (a better term I think than ‘uncertainty’). Is it that an indeterminate system “by measurement” must translate itself to us in terms of probabilities? And what IS the difference between measurement and measure? Does the first represent a physical process with use of apparatus, and by contrast does the second relate to “measure theory”, a theoretical abstract concept? - Questions and more questions! Sorry…
I cannot get rid of this nagging feeling that there's ego at the centre of quantum mechanics; a refusal to accept that we cannot know, & never will know, precise information about very small (low energy/momentum) things because we will never have the tools to do so. Any measurement technique must affect the object measured, thus rendering the information obtained incorrect. I'm sure this has been considered before, I've just never seen the reason why it's wrong explained.
Something that's overlooked about probability is that it's a branch of mathematics. Probability is a mathematical tool, but it does not describe the real world, because, fundamentally, probability describes effects in a manner that is independent of causation. That's what makes probability useful for describing circumstances where cause-and-effect are complicated enough to be difficult to track (as in casino gambling games), or where we don't understand the chain of cause and effect (as in physics).
Very good point! From the point of view of an observer, there is no canvas of possibilities with a probability assigned, there is only what is which is already the "outcome", even regardless if we "interfered" with it. Even the experiments which guided us to quantum mechanics in the end show the end result, not the canvas of possibilities.
Sabine is the best advocate of Science today. She does not stand for BS or costly Mega-Projects that drain assets from the more widely spread scientific community. They have more modest and important everyday problems to solve, and solutions to seek. Sabine knows what she knows, and she is not some oracle of prediction.
0:24: 1000 times yes. We don't really understand probability and how it should be regarded. Some claim this kind of view is a result of not understanding the theories or the problems. I completely agree with Sabine and I think it is them who aren't understanding things from the proper perspective.
Part of what I find wonderful about Sabine is that her disagreements with the way physics has been pursued since the Standard Model are never personal. She does not place blame on individual physicists as does another theoretician who posts on youtube.
I never saw them competing. I find them both interesting. Michio is just crazy with his imagination. Sabine is down to Earth, but doesn't mind exploring topics on her channel while being realistic. I like how she pointed out that some things like the multiverse can be interesting as sci-fi but shouldn't yet be promoted as science since it's not testable. Plus, she exposes the flaws in others scientists instead of keeping this ultra-rational persona the public may give them but I don't think she is trying to humiliate them.
I love that she's willing to point out when something isn't science, or scientific. I've seen it in non-scientists; it should be REALLY discouraged in scientists.
We're sitting in the PLATO CAVE. We strive to understand the shape of objects from their shadows. Over time we will certainly continue to make progress in understanding reality but for the majority of us it will be a matter of relying on the best minds who, only with hard work, reasoning and experiments, will sooner or later manage to free themselves from the chains and access the levels superiors of knowledge. Probabilities are the way in which we try to give reality to a phenomenology of which today we only perceive projections.
Is probability distribution not just a label for degrees of freedom? So from what angle probability is not clear? Great interview! Thanks you both very much!
No. They are different concepts. Take the infamous "Cauchy distribution" as an example. It has two degrees of freedom (its median location, and its scale), but it has an undefined mean and an undefined variance. And yet it describes a lot of real world physics, especially of spinning objects.
I once talked to a theoretical physics professor about the most mathematically gifted person working in his department. He said "You can ask him anything and he can calculate it. But if you ask him a question like: What is 'probability' exactly? He answers that he doesn't really know."
Maths is interesting... Most maths (including logic of course) are systems with absolute statements. However, from my POV, all knowledge is constructed by "probably approximately correct" learning systems. We are even constructed by such a learning system (evolution). It is just such an odd disconnect that the most useful tools for building models of reality seems so fundamentally disconnected. I'm definitely not an expert on the physics, but I have a sense that using a version of information theory which incorporates uncertainty at a base level to describe the physics will end up being the next big step. PS: I think we don't have access to any absolute truth. That's ok. It is pretty amazing that evolution has produced meat which implements a learning system which includes a simplified model of itself. A sort of recursive introspection. Pretty neat
Another proof that scientists in general are philosophical idiots; ps. "philosophy" contra English Dictionary's explanation is a strict meta-logical axiomatic knowledge (like mathematics) and not a "feeling" or an "opinion" ('Our company philosophy",etc.or my own (dumb) philosophy of life is...i.e., BS). Consequently, their idiocy is revealed in the so-called Twin Paradox (Einstein's Relativity) or Schrodinger's Cat(QM) -check textbooks or literature: all BS except ...M.Sachs (Physics Today, 1971/2), not perfect yet but at least he exposed the total idiocy of anti-symmetry argument as on the assumption the Theory of Field is founded on symmetry, invariance (Lorentz) and covariance
@@krzysztofciuba271 IMO, most philosophers don't have a clue what knowledge is or how it is actually acquired. As a result, a ton of what they concern themselves with is similar to theology... "Deep" thinking about a non-existent thing. At least Dennett makes his students learn some basic automata theory. That's a start.
@@travcollier" "Deep" thinking about a non-existent thing." You only prove u've learned anything at School like them; I smell that for you it exists only that you see, smell, touch and hear - i.e. the 1st kind of knowledge: by acquittance, that of animals but some apes can even faster,i.e, they learned about the invisible principle of induction; in science, one gets the knowledge about your "non-existent" things as not known by this acquaintance but only by deduction (formal science) or reduction(called by some, induction) plus analogy, etc in extra-natural science. Also, Mathematics Dictionary gives some clues on it under the term "Predicate Calculus"- more in Scientific Semantics by A. Tarski, AD 1936 (for formal science, but it can be applied to any axiomatic knowledge). I bet you don't know the meaning of such abstracts as "truth"(defined formally by Tarski only in AD 1933-John 18:38), "being" or "one", "relation", "photon", "electron", etc.
@@krzysztofciuba271 Nope. You are way off base. My first comment in this thread says pretty much where I'm coming from. Knowledge is predictive models built by "probably approximately correct" learning systems. Ultimately, that's all we have access to. Many artificial frameworks like most maths are odd since they are axiomatically purely deductive. But pure deduction can't be grounded to anything outside the artificial system. Anyways, from my POV, there is quite simply no absolute knowledge. It is all built by (or grounded on) inductive processes and possibly incorrect. I'm OK with that, but most people seem to have a visceral repulsion to it (which doesn't mean it isn't correct.)
My degree is in Statistics & Probability and I've thought about this issue a bunch. I sort of concluded that 1 of 2 things has to be true: 1) We live in a simulation as that is how you would program it to be so we have randomness, 2) This is an issue of Infinity meeting Discreteness - i.e. we draw a number line so that we cover all the numbers between 0 & 1, but when we look closely, there's just no way to draw that number line - it's tiny segments of discrete space. So now imagine we live in this 3D + 'time' universe, the number line is the 3D space, but space can't be continuous, even though we think it is, so it expresses itself as a quantum foam, which appears to bubble in and out of existence when viewed closely enough, so we view this as randomness / probability but it's really only able to be in discrete spots, like numbers on a number line that don't require infinity and limits to write down - so it's not really random, but it appears that way in order to express itself in our 3D world. The existence of Blackholes leads me to believe that #2 is more likely true (but not necessarily) because this is the 3D + time universe showing us that this is actually happening - i.e. beyond a certain point, Continuousness is an illusion (or other Dimensions are required), and we compactify down in Dimensions to a specific Dimensionless point on the number line - like the integer number 2 on the real number line. If you think of the thing we call the Integer 2, we can approach it from both more than and less than 2, and we can forever approach it forever but never get there - UNLESS we leave the 1-dimensional world of the Real Number Line and step down to the 0-dimensional singularity of 2. So what we see as randomness is the universe telling us that the number 1/3rd doesn't really exist - but what does exist is actual discrete numbers close to 1/3rd that pop in an out of existence to show you that the Space we occupy is Discrete - which kind of feels insane when you think about it - but we created Limits & Calculus to make sense of things and to calculate and just state that 1.999... is in fact equal to 2 - but it's only true mathematically because we have chosen it to be true. Our universe seems to be pointing out that it is not true - it's either a simulation, discrete, or there are other dimensions - so we've just applied Limits & Calculus to compute and it works.
As a mathematical physicist I agree that there are real numbers, specifically irrationals, that are only our symbolic placeholders for an arbitrary convergence of rational numbers. But I would caution against doing rational numbers out of reality. They, such as your 1.999 or 1.9999 are as 'natural' as the number 2. But where we speak of 'continuity' - through the irrationals to which rationals can give arbitrarily good approximations - means, on my interpretation, that it is wrong to exclude a number such as 1 from the domain of a continuous function like x(x-1)/(x-1) . What this has to do with probability is related to the ergodic theorem, where all available states must be explored or in principle explorable by a given system of study. I maintain that the 'real' but irrational state variables have no physical meaning. Pursuing this question may have some promise of putting renormalization theory back on a sound track (which it left behind in 1947, notwithstanding the Noble prizes for QED).
I believe that Kant had it right about modalities: They are categories of thought, not characteristics of things as they are in themselves, independent of out apprehension of them.
Probability as relative Frequency. a) One Experiment with 1000 Particles at the same Time. b) Or one Experiment with one Particle repeated 1000 times. Are the Cases a) and b) equivalent in A)Classical Physics Experiments or in B)Quantum Physics Experiments , Probability as relative Frequency. a) One Experiment with 1000 Particles at the same Time. b) Or one Experiment with one Particle repeated 1000 times. Are the Cases a) and b) equivalent in A)Classical Physics Experiments or in B)Quantum Physics Experiments , respectively?Probability as relative Frequency. a) One Experiment with 1000 Particles at the same Time. b) Or one Experiment with one Particle repeated 1000 times. Are the Cases a) and b) equivalent in A)Classical Physics Experiments or in B)Quantum Physics Experiments , Probability as relative Frequency. a) One Experiment with 1000 Particles at the same Time. b) Or one Experiment with one Particle repeated 1000 times. Are the Cases a) and b) equivalent in A)Classical Physics Experiments or in B)Quantum Physics Experiments , respectively?
Perhaps your inquiry has eliminated you from consideration. Take heart,there was always a strong probability that you would never get a job like that,Lop,..that it has now become an undeniable reality should be no surprise.
In RLK's case, it's because (1) he's got a voice for it, (2) he's a scientist himself, (3) he has a background in media as a columnist for several publications, (4) he's also an internationally renowned corporate strategist. So good luck!
Probabilities are not real physical quantities. They are just a way to describe the likelyhood of obtaining a particular measured result. Wavefunctions are just a mathematical tool to calculate probabilities. Assuming wavefunctions are real physical things requires a huge (and in my opinion, unjustified) leap of faith.
For one thing the wave function is defined on configuration space which is certainly not physically real such as e.g space time. For example it does not have a definite dimension, the dimension it has depends on the "system" it describes. Obviously therefore the wave function is a mathematical abstraction, a descriptive tool, not a physical reality.
I think the problem is with normalization. The equations for probability are analytical continuous expressions of discrete combinatorial relations, obtained by normalizing the equations. But in combinatorics, the coefficents are expressive of discrete linear components. Normalization removes the context of particular combinatorial bases for analytic expressions. Essentially we discard arithmetic to get the analytic power of Taylor series, and we get approximate results, with error ranges. The error ranges themselves also being defined precisely by what is discarded by using differentials instead of combinations of rational proportion, they were also once arithmetical in principle. In short, we throw out specific rational solutions in the search for specific rational solutions. But you can only average your way to a mean, not an arithmetically discrete answer to a question. If we knew the underlying arithmetic of phenomena with their patterns of discrete local values rather than their Fourier coefficients over an infinite range, then we would call the equations classical rather than probabilistic. It's the same math, but we only have ever taken shortcuts to precision in lieu of understanding the deep properties of combinatorics. We got stoned by Newton's alchemical mystery and lost our way in the sigma sea, the lull of the wave equation, the standardization of deviation from the norm. Standard deviation from the norm is a good way to measure compliance with prior understanding, but it's a poor substitute for an exact solution to a given problem in context of discrete components.
The *problem* - so to speak - is that science is always trying to answer new questions/extensions of existing knowledge etc. But then people / the media take whatever the current model, knowledge or “answers” are as straight up fact. We need people to understand that science is fluctuating and evolving (& I find that fascinating myself). Hold onto your ideas, but be open to change as we experiment, observe and prove different or new theories.
It is amazingly pleasant to listen to highly intelligent people discussing complicated topics in a calm and rational way. Next stop...Jerry Springer's channel. Yin and Yang. It shall be so.
I love her. She is the only (public facing) Physical Scientist that isn't up her own butt or a blind worshipper of Science. She has the integrity to be true to the form and question everything that is taken as Science "fact" which is the ONLY way to keep progressing if we want to truly figure stuff out.
The arrow of time points forward in time because of the wave function collapse. Because causality has a speed limit every point in space sees itself as the closest to the present moment. When we look out into the universe, we see the past which is made of particles (GR). When we try to look at smaller and smaller sizes and distances, we are actually looking closer and closer to the present moment (QM). The wave property of particles appears when we start looking into the future of that particle. It is a probability wave because the future is probabilistic. Wave function collapse happens when we bring a particle into the present/past. GR is making measurements in the predictable past. QM is trying to make measurements of the probabilistic future.
i feel like Sabine makes a great point about the biggest problem holding back progress in physics (and more generally, science) being our lack of understanding probability well enough. for instance, we can probably easily guess several problems which we have a higher probability of solving, as opposed to more complicated problems like curing cancer or making nuclear fusion, when we very well could be missing some very attainable and important information which is a step in preventing us from solving these more complex problems.
Any conceivable universe would follow some principles of deductive logic. Probability on the other hand is a kind of mathematical shift that needn't work but miraculously enough does in our world. Even the definition of Probability is ridiculous. It is a limit as n->infinity of something. Which means that in principle no experiment can determine it or even if such a limit exists. Yet this fantastic assumption not only works as an approximation when more knowledge is lacking or more calculation is cumbersome, it seems to be a part of the fundamental make-up of our universe via quantum mechanics. Probability is a contingent quality of our reality. Logic is a necessary quality of any possible reality
True deduction is based on factual knowledge of some object . Probabilty makes assumption about nature of that object reality based on some limited observation. So it is inductive method. There is no pure deduction in empiric science. But if we look to spirituality which is based on revelation. Everything is deduction then.
OMG! Here’s my real-world example of the infinities problem: I feel now infinitely more knowledgeable than I was before watching this…and yet these two people are infinitely more knowledgeable than me 😂 Wow, the facility and clarity these two have in just casually chatting about the EVERYTHING of it all is mesmerizing!
I loved this. I think you could describe her argument as "Hey guys... What are we doing here?".. Like you might do if you observe a room full of your peers with magnifying glasses starting at the same part of the wall for hours.
It would be great of we could have debates like these between physicists and mathematicians - using actual papers, making calculations..these are deeply important questions.
It’s frustrating when people discuss something (finally) that I have thought about and worked through for decades. On the bright side, these beloved people are hitting all the main points they need to to make the leap. ❤ So I am happy, even though I know what the “next big thing” will be. I know the “more” to particle physics. But there are many more aspects of probabilities and human brains and civilizations that they are not considering but is highly relevant. I know the next big thing because I am always figuring it out 20 years ahead… like the binding problem and Donald Hoffman’s work, for example… and many people in the past. It’s because I made my brain work like the universe does, or something did. I thought I might have been an alien for a long time. I might still be in new ways I only now begin to understand. These little 10 minute gems are amazing. ❤️👍🏻Thanks 🙏🏻 ❤ I have all kinds of books and papers with this stuff in it. I developed a new experimental method to show the new principles and it’s important. When people begin to understand… when I complete my work, the world will change more, and in more ways than ever before. For the better. Much much better. Solutions to our future are coming to the point where I am completely not worried about the “heat death” or anything in the universe anymore because I know what the universe is and I am the only one on earth currently who does. I take solace in that. Since I left school because everyone was wrong, and now live in my car like some spacefarer of inner space or collective unconscious. Have a nice day. ❤
@@WallyMast I bvelieve that some people have knowledge. Even though not everything is necessarily founded, some truths can be there. It is sometime worth diving into the minds of other people.
@@jollyjokress3852 Probability is the foundation for understanding everything. It’s the one thing we can say with absolute certainty existed before the universe. And when you extrapolate from that, and really think it through, it is the key to understanding the meaning of everything. From what the universe is to what life is and why we have brains and learn and have language-everything. Thanks 🙏🏻
when I was about 16 I picked up a book in our local library by George Gamow. I can't remember the title but it looked interesting. It was about infinity & how there are different forms of it. This confused the hell out of me, but when I read his logical explanation - e.g. why the sum to infinity of 1+1+1+1 ..... is obviously twice that of 2+2+2+ .... it made sense. Sort of. I gave up on the book shortly after, but I think I should have persevered. Perhaps I should try again (albeit 56 or so years later).
You can actually compare infinities to infinities. There is such a thing called Cardinal Numbers that describe how big infinities are. inf^n=inf, but n^inf>inf
Ah now I understand from that dilemma this is on the history of science which has not been mentioned...and I misunderstood as something cooking...nice nice viewing
The way I thought it worked is that we are in a superposition of near infinite potential future universes, and that as probabilities are collapsed by observation into a definite past, those collapses are actually what keeps time moving forward. Eventually when the universe dies, probabilities go to 0, and nothing further can be observed in the universe, time will stop, because nothing will propel time further.
I love Sabine. She brings a no nonsense attitude to the physics community, which currently is lacking. Dreamers are great too, but we have enough of those.
I love her & Bernardo, both 💖 💖 Even though they're polar opposite in their pov 🥰
"Shut up and calculate"
That is one sexy, sexy piece of meat....
I love Bob.
I think sabine is more of the norm. Dont get me wrong, I like her, but the influencers like NDT and Matt ODowd are so popular because they are dreamers and people resonate with that.
@@sumsriv who's NDT?
I am so happy Sabine is getting the media cred she deserves! The way she dives into subjects and isn't afraid to lose her audience going neck deep into nuanced truths behind conceptual models and theories that other popular scientists would rather talk about in flowery language to promote their next book is better for shaping honest communication between scientists and the public.
She's dull
@@shroudedgrove4679 okay, go buy michio kakus next book or something normie.
@@shroudedgrove4679why do you think she is full ? What points had she made that can be considered dull
She's an attention seeking hack.
I like the positive comment. However, Sabine's real impact on the communication process is that she doesn't use any hype, no clickbait titles or language. She spends some time exploring common topics that seem like science but are not really backed up by data and facts. She's not afraid to say: there's no data that backup the claim.
To address the dullness, your opinion is as valid as anyone else's. However, Sabine's consistent manner of fact presentation has garnered her well over 1M subs. You can easily find more entertaining hosts.
I deeply admire this physicist. I'm an amateur or layman who is fascinated with classical and quantum mechanical physics. She helps me understand the big ideas of physics. What a great teacher/ philosopher.
she's a youtuber. A genuine physicist who has something to contribute wouldn't waste time on RUclips
@@I_dont_want_an_at ...according to your own personal opinion on what contribution might even mean.
@@I_dont_want_an_at you sound like an elitist
She is women having stupid thought.
Her mind is full of Stupaid thoughts.
@@I_dont_want_an_at No, she isn't just a youtuber. No need to downplay someones intelligence just because she is willing to talk to people in words they can understand.
These discussions are just incredible. Thank you so much for taking us on this journey in pursuit of the truth. I laugh inside a little when I think that the father of probability, Gerolamo Cardano, developed probability motivated mainly by his gambler friends. Now it’s central to our understanding of the universe and our own existence. Absolutely amazing!
Tony S / No, it is not.
"It is central" only to the WRONG understanding of the real dynamic of the Universe.
The mathematical probabilities of the current time are the exactly equivalent of the useless epicycles of the wrong understanding from the time of Copernicus.
They put you, blind you, and keep you on the wrong path of understanding the true real dynamic.
Probability is often a simplified model of things we do not understand or do not have the raw data to calculate. I think it might be fairer to say that probability is central to our modelling of the universe, humans can understand the models, but we may still have little understanding of how these probabilities are generated.
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
I am sure we are not going to see this topic discussed here, this is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
Seems like gambling is where humans would start
Dr Hossenfelder knows her subject so well that even RLK seems to listen to her in awe and at one point got lost in the depth of her knowledge. She is wonderful.
I really admire her painfully scientific approach to physics.
"even RLK"
I agree. He even chuckles at a time during the interview from the excitement he felt from learning something from her...lol
RLK?
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
Sabine is great as usual ❤
She rocks! :)
@@cosminvisan520 justifiably so
@@cosminvisan520 she's very good at cutting through bullshit. People who don't like her resent that.
@@cosminvisan520 and you're just a moronic philosophic consciousness moonbat. See, aren't ad hominem comments fun?
@@cosminvisan520 I'm sorry for your mental illness. Hope you will find your meds.
What is amazing to me is how I can listen to this and get a feeling of profound insight, even though I haven't really understood a thing.
Same here
Not understanding a thing is usually the mechanism that leads the brain to a feeling of profound insight.
I appreciate that Sabine differentiates between something being wrong and the arguments for something being bad. That's a kind of spirit we'd need in the political discourse.
We need more Sabine in many fields of science, not just physics. I love that she can simultaneously do effective sci-comm for the public and call out nonsense in physics and science in general. And I like that she points out that just because certain mathematics can "explain" something, does not mean it's true or part of "nature", much more does not make something "beautiful".
Nothing is more envigorating than discourse between two charitable and intellectually honest people
Yes
Sabine is great. And Robert Laurence Kuhn too. It’s like having a mental sauna - refreshing and challenging and you feel like it’s done you good.
Exactly why science is also a religion
@@dongshengdi773 scientific community yes / scientific method no
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
I am sure we are not going to see this topic discussed here, this is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
@@VeganSemihCyprus33 Go away.
as usual dr sabine lays it out clearly and concisely. thanks for the collab!
You realize this video clip is from about ten years ago right?
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
@@b.g.5869 It's okay, my understanding of physics only gets up to 30 years ago.
As usual she is talking bullshit.
@@johnfitzgerald8879 - I think that is Sabine's main point is that we haven't made any real progress in particle physics in the last 30 to 40 years, also the 'Higgs Bosun" is not really well defined and it seems to be the only redeeming value in spending all that money to build and then upgrade/rebuild the LHC in Cern.
I love sabine because she is not afraid to say/speak her mind
Like Donald Trump 💪
@@OCD-GIRL
Don't be ignorant
Great contribution to the conversation! Thank you. Good reminder that we’re at a “nope, not that” point in our physics. Not to be confused with a “thus that” point.
Finally, a real scientist! Wonders never cease.
Wonders never cease? Lmao wtf was that??
At 1:45 - Sabine is always so accurate and corrects inaccuracies quickly before any confusion can arise.
There is a big difference between similar and identical (e.g. probability distribution vs. wave function).
We can only observe probability distribution but reality is based on the wave function.
I watch both channels and I got confused when I saw the notification of Closer To Truth but also Sabine in the same place. Lol
I know the feeling :D
So interested in this area. I remember when I was 13 and being taught about Probability by our maths teacher. Most amazing in opening my mind to our world.
TWO OF MY FAVORITES ON RUclips!?!!! Smashing that like button ‼️‼️‼️
This is a wonder bit of video, and I love probability.
I have a lot of philosophy and math in my background, and I was fortunate to be asked to teach statistics as well as courses in my own field of evolutionary biology. As most people know, statistics is applied probability, and probability is a type of what is called 'epistemic justification", in other words justification of an empirical statement about the "objective", external world. Particle physics is a great example of this, as are many general statements about evolutionary mechanisms and outcomes.
Hossenfelder is one pf my favorite science youtubers, and I'm very glad she has been so successful.
Sabine is awesome she is great at explaining physics...one of my favorite educators. Sabine You're a Boss 😎🤝
Thank you Sabine I admire your courage in attempting to bring rational argument to bear on so may radical theories.
Wow... outstanding discussion, insights, and explanations.
Sabine has a very direct and no-nonsense way of communicating science. Always nice to hear her talk.
On a different topic, Sabine seems to have regressed to an American accent here. Quanam.
I always enjoy Sabine. I can't say that I understand every bit of this stuff, but it is very interesting just the same.
I'll summarize: LHC 11100110 probabilities 110010001 physics 10110 truth
Always to great to hear her speak. Direct to the point and clear.
Many years ago, as an engineering student, I took a course named "the logical foundations of probability"
It was facilitating, it pointed out the uncertainty of many things we assumed were absolute .
Facilitating or fascinating?
@@raymondfrye5017 you are correct. The trouble with autocomplete, should go back and re-read before posting.
Like what? Any examples
Was this class related to Carnap's book of the same name?
@@yinspiron3348 Carnap's book was published in 1962 I believe. There may have been an earlier edition.
My engineering schooling was from 1951 to 1956. (Yes, I'm an oldie !) It was a requirement that we must take one course each semester not related to our main studies. I chose this one and found it amazing.
After your comment I went on line to see if the book was available. Couldn't find one.
6:54 In religious studies, it’s called a teleological argument, and it dates as far back as Socrates’ famous speech in favor of installing a particle collider beneath Athens.
Her statement that we can not access the wave function but only observe it through the probability function is highly illuminating on what seems to be a clear understanding. There is another talk in which one of the physicists shows how higher dimensional object will be detected in a lower dimension in the same manner, as access to a probability but not access the the deterministic process. An analogy is as if we are observing the 3D shadow cast onto our 3D surface from the higher dimensional volume. It's kinda a pilot wave sort of idea except.
When man temporarily does not have the intellectual or physical tools to identify a particular cause, he must use probability.
Probability would fail if there were more dimensions involved. Hossenfelder doesn't understand that. She claimed higher dimensions in her dissertation and got proven wrong. Since then she is on her spree of stupid claims leaning on an audience of intellectual misfits in the interwebs. Most of her fans are incels clapping for absolutely everything they assume to have a pussy.
I enjoy the question and answer style more than the lectures because it is more paced towards being able to relate and absorb information rather than what feels like in some videos as cramming sessions. I'm not a scientist by any stretch, but having a strong interest in science, I relate well to her straight forward, yet diplomatic and simplified approach.
Sabine is amazing! And she’s really funny too
The more I listen to Sabine Hossenfelder the more I relate to her view of theoretical physics. She explains what I struggle to explain to others. Too many people place too much sole emphasis on logic in a universe that is not fundamentally logical. I would argue that the universe is fundamentally analogical and the balance of the opposing states is what emerges.
>
A little bit like mapping the positions of a true constant motion analog clock. We can't map any exact position of the hand, at best we can say that the hand passes through an infinite number of positions.
Probability is the best definition of faith for practicing scientists...
It's such a relief to hear Sabine out there calling BS on popular hypothesis that are based on irrational assumptions and lacking in scientific evidence.
Sabine you’ve done it again! Du hast’s wieder geschafft! (Yes, I know, it rhymes better with McCain, but still…) And thanks to Rob for asking the good questions!
And yet you’ve left me hungry for more about what exactly we don’t understand about probabilities.
I had always thought that probability reflected our limited information or limited knowledge. But quantum mechanics broke my certainty about this and now I’m left wondering “what the heck IS probability”? Does it even have anything to do with Heisenberg’s indeterminacy? (a better term I think than ‘uncertainty’). Is it that an indeterminate system “by measurement” must translate itself to us in terms of probabilities?
And what IS the difference between measurement and measure? Does the first represent a physical process with use of apparatus, and by contrast does the second relate to “measure theory”, a theoretical abstract concept? - Questions and more questions! Sorry…
When addressing persons of her preparation and standing it might be better to use Sie...
I cannot get rid of this nagging feeling that there's ego at the centre of quantum mechanics; a refusal to accept that we cannot know, & never will know, precise information about very small (low energy/momentum) things because we will never have the tools to do so. Any measurement technique must affect the object measured, thus rendering the information obtained incorrect. I'm sure this has been considered before, I've just never seen the reason why it's wrong explained.
@@diogenesagogo It’s wrong because it would put physicists out of a job 😆
Sabine is in the top of all physics youtubers. Clear, interesting and understandable are Sabine.
Eugene and Sabine are the best.
Something that's overlooked about probability is that it's a branch of mathematics. Probability is a mathematical tool, but it does not describe the real world, because, fundamentally, probability describes effects in a manner that is independent of causation. That's what makes probability useful for describing circumstances where cause-and-effect are complicated enough to be difficult to track (as in casino gambling games), or where we don't understand the chain of cause and effect (as in physics).
Very good point! From the point of view of an observer, there is no canvas of possibilities with a probability assigned, there is only what is which is already the "outcome", even regardless if we "interfered" with it. Even the experiments which guided us to quantum mechanics in the end show the end result, not the canvas of possibilities.
Sabine is the best advocate of Science today. She does not stand for BS or costly Mega-Projects that drain assets from the more widely spread scientific community. They have more modest and important everyday problems to solve, and solutions to seek. Sabine knows what she knows, and she is not some oracle of prediction.
Actually she is an advovate for flat earth. I guess her incel fandom doesn't care.
Sabine, my stalwart science hero!
Sabine is just brilliant. And she´s brave, honest and trustworthy
Sabine is awesome ✊
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
I really like sabines commentary. Probability that will continue is high.
i love her opinions she so factual
opinions arent facts
@@eriksaari4430 follow her youtube channel u will knw what i am saying
@@eriksaari4430 you beat me to that fact by a few hours. That is a fact, not an opinion.
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
She is able to be that way by carefully choosing her words such that she only says what one can, with certainty
I cannot follow what exactly is being said, but I find this discussion rather relaxing.
I love Sabine I had to click the moment I saw her since I love this channel too.
0:24: 1000 times yes. We don't really understand probability and how it should be regarded. Some claim this kind of view is a result of not understanding the theories or the problems. I completely agree with Sabine and I think it is them who aren't understanding things from the proper perspective.
As I have said for years now, the formula is R=I/Z, where R is perceived Reality, I = Infinity and Z = Zero
If R is 'perceived' reality then the formula should be more like R=Z/I . Unperceived reality may be your R_u=I/Z 🙃
@@garyknight8966 Since any number divided by zero is really huge, infinity divided by zero is absolutely limitless - but I get your point! 😶🌫
The use of the terms 'probability', and 'uncertainty' is a deliberate ploy to disguise the fact that the thing being measured is a continuous flow.
Robert, you're interviewing Sabine! Two of my favorite people on screen at the same time!
This was filmed years ago.
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
Part of what I find wonderful about Sabine is that her disagreements with the way physics has been pursued since the Standard Model are never personal. She does not place blame on individual physicists as does another theoretician who posts on youtube.
Great episode. Many thanks!
Took me three listens through to get to the point I think i appreciate what Sabine is arguing. Brilliant. Her, not me!
Sabine made Michio Kaku look like a professor of bad physics for dummies.
Michio has went into a religious belief in his String Theory.
I never saw them competing. I find them both interesting. Michio is just crazy with his imagination. Sabine is down to Earth, but doesn't mind exploring topics on her channel while being realistic. I like how she pointed out that some things like the multiverse can be interesting as sci-fi but shouldn't yet be promoted as science since it's not testable. Plus, she exposes the flaws in others scientists instead of keeping this ultra-rational persona the public may give them but I don't think she is trying to humiliate them.
It's not science, it's more like a weird religion..identical to mad scramble to avoid the theological implications of the Big Bang.
No.
I love that she's willing to point out when something isn't science, or scientific. I've seen it in non-scientists; it should be REALLY discouraged in scientists.
Sabine Hossenfelder... The queen of lucidity, in the realm of physics.
I can't say I understood much, but I'm glad they had an insightful discussion.
Great guest, and a great interviewer. 🔥
You know this was filmed years ago right?
After seeing this interview I am glad I studied engineering instead of physics
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
We're sitting in the PLATO CAVE. We strive to understand the shape of objects from their shadows. Over time we will certainly continue to make progress in understanding reality but for the majority of us it will be a matter of relying on the best minds who, only with hard work, reasoning and experiments, will sooner or later manage to free themselves from the chains and access the levels superiors of knowledge. Probabilities are the way in which we try to give reality to a phenomenology of which today we only perceive projections.
Is probability distribution not just a label for degrees of freedom? So from what angle probability is not clear? Great interview! Thanks you both very much!
No. They are different concepts. Take the infamous "Cauchy distribution" as an example. It has two degrees of freedom (its median location, and its scale), but it has an undefined mean and an undefined variance. And yet it describes a lot of real world physics, especially of spinning objects.
@@GamesEngineer Thanks a lot Jason! I go read and ponder about all you informed me about. Very interesting.
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
the statistic you are looking at will determine the degrees of freedom. They are correlated but not the same thing.
@@SolidSiren yes, I came to the same conclusion. thanks for your reply.
Sabine is the best!
I once talked to a theoretical physics professor about the most mathematically gifted person working in his department. He said "You can ask him anything and he can calculate it. But if you ask him a question like: What is 'probability' exactly? He answers that he doesn't really know."
Maths is interesting... Most maths (including logic of course) are systems with absolute statements. However, from my POV, all knowledge is constructed by "probably approximately correct" learning systems. We are even constructed by such a learning system (evolution).
It is just such an odd disconnect that the most useful tools for building models of reality seems so fundamentally disconnected. I'm definitely not an expert on the physics, but I have a sense that using a version of information theory which incorporates uncertainty at a base level to describe the physics will end up being the next big step.
PS: I think we don't have access to any absolute truth. That's ok. It is pretty amazing that evolution has produced meat which implements a learning system which includes a simplified model of itself. A sort of recursive introspection. Pretty neat
Another proof that scientists in general are philosophical idiots; ps. "philosophy" contra English Dictionary's explanation is a strict meta-logical axiomatic knowledge (like mathematics) and not a "feeling" or an "opinion" ('Our company philosophy",etc.or my own (dumb) philosophy of life is...i.e., BS). Consequently, their idiocy is revealed in the so-called Twin Paradox (Einstein's Relativity) or Schrodinger's Cat(QM) -check textbooks or literature: all BS except ...M.Sachs (Physics Today, 1971/2), not perfect yet but at least he exposed the total idiocy of anti-symmetry argument as on the assumption the Theory of Field is founded on symmetry, invariance (Lorentz) and covariance
@@krzysztofciuba271 IMO, most philosophers don't have a clue what knowledge is or how it is actually acquired. As a result, a ton of what they concern themselves with is similar to theology... "Deep" thinking about a non-existent thing.
At least Dennett makes his students learn some basic automata theory. That's a start.
@@travcollier" "Deep" thinking about a non-existent thing." You only prove u've learned anything at School like them; I smell that for you it exists only that you see, smell, touch and hear - i.e. the 1st kind of knowledge: by acquittance, that of animals but some apes can even faster,i.e, they learned about the invisible principle of induction; in science, one gets the knowledge about your "non-existent" things as not known by this acquaintance but only by deduction (formal science) or reduction(called by some, induction) plus analogy, etc in extra-natural science. Also, Mathematics Dictionary gives some clues on it under the term "Predicate Calculus"- more in Scientific Semantics by A. Tarski, AD 1936 (for formal science, but it can be applied to any axiomatic knowledge). I bet you don't know the meaning of such abstracts as "truth"(defined formally by Tarski only in AD 1933-John 18:38), "being" or "one", "relation", "photon", "electron", etc.
@@krzysztofciuba271 Nope. You are way off base. My first comment in this thread says pretty much where I'm coming from. Knowledge is predictive models built by "probably approximately correct" learning systems. Ultimately, that's all we have access to.
Many artificial frameworks like most maths are odd since they are axiomatically purely deductive. But pure deduction can't be grounded to anything outside the artificial system.
Anyways, from my POV, there is quite simply no absolute knowledge. It is all built by (or grounded on) inductive processes and possibly incorrect. I'm OK with that, but most people seem to have a visceral repulsion to it (which doesn't mean it isn't correct.)
One of the best episodes yet. Great job.
My degree is in Statistics & Probability and I've thought about this issue a bunch. I sort of concluded that 1 of 2 things has to be true: 1) We live in a simulation as that is how you would program it to be so we have randomness, 2) This is an issue of Infinity meeting Discreteness - i.e. we draw a number line so that we cover all the numbers between 0 & 1, but when we look closely, there's just no way to draw that number line - it's tiny segments of discrete space. So now imagine we live in this 3D + 'time' universe, the number line is the 3D space, but space can't be continuous, even though we think it is, so it expresses itself as a quantum foam, which appears to bubble in and out of existence when viewed closely enough, so we view this as randomness / probability but it's really only able to be in discrete spots, like numbers on a number line that don't require infinity and limits to write down - so it's not really random, but it appears that way in order to express itself in our 3D world. The existence of Blackholes leads me to believe that #2 is more likely true (but not necessarily) because this is the 3D + time universe showing us that this is actually happening - i.e. beyond a certain point, Continuousness is an illusion (or other Dimensions are required), and we compactify down in Dimensions to a specific Dimensionless point on the number line - like the integer number 2 on the real number line. If you think of the thing we call the Integer 2, we can approach it from both more than and less than 2, and we can forever approach it forever but never get there - UNLESS we leave the 1-dimensional world of the Real Number Line and step down to the 0-dimensional singularity of 2. So what we see as randomness is the universe telling us that the number 1/3rd doesn't really exist - but what does exist is actual discrete numbers close to 1/3rd that pop in an out of existence to show you that the Space we occupy is Discrete - which kind of feels insane when you think about it - but we created Limits & Calculus to make sense of things and to calculate and just state that 1.999... is in fact equal to 2 - but it's only true mathematically because we have chosen it to be true. Our universe seems to be pointing out that it is not true - it's either a simulation, discrete, or there are other dimensions - so we've just applied Limits & Calculus to compute and it works.
I like your thoughts on this.
As a mathematical physicist I agree that there are real numbers, specifically irrationals, that are only our symbolic placeholders for an arbitrary convergence of rational numbers. But I would caution against doing rational numbers out of reality. They, such as your 1.999 or 1.9999 are as 'natural' as the number 2. But where we speak of 'continuity' - through the irrationals to which rationals can give arbitrarily good approximations - means, on my interpretation, that it is wrong to exclude a number such as 1 from the domain of a continuous function like x(x-1)/(x-1) .
What this has to do with probability is related to the ergodic theorem, where all available states must be explored or in principle explorable by a given system of study. I maintain that the 'real' but irrational state variables have no physical meaning. Pursuing this question may have some promise of putting renormalization theory back on a sound track (which it left behind in 1947, notwithstanding the Noble prizes for QED).
Thank you for this. The Doc H. I love her insight.
I believe that Kant had it right about modalities: They are categories of thought, not characteristics of things as they are in themselves, independent of out apprehension of them.
Emmanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason
Of most people ,but not all .
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
Probability as relative Frequency. a) One Experiment with 1000 Particles at the same Time. b) Or one Experiment with one Particle repeated 1000 times. Are the Cases a) and b) equivalent in A)Classical Physics Experiments or in B)Quantum Physics Experiments , Probability as relative Frequency. a) One Experiment with 1000 Particles at the same Time. b) Or one Experiment with one Particle repeated 1000 times. Are the Cases a) and b) equivalent in A)Classical Physics Experiments or in B)Quantum Physics Experiments , respectively?Probability as relative Frequency. a) One Experiment with 1000 Particles at the same Time. b) Or one Experiment with one Particle repeated 1000 times. Are the Cases a) and b) equivalent in A)Classical Physics Experiments or in B)Quantum Physics Experiments , Probability as relative Frequency. a) One Experiment with 1000 Particles at the same Time. b) Or one Experiment with one Particle repeated 1000 times. Are the Cases a) and b) equivalent in A)Classical Physics Experiments or in B)Quantum Physics Experiments , respectively?
You can believe in what you want. It has nothing to do with science.
Sabine is so amazing!!! I love following her channel so it's kinda strange to see her whole! Lol
Kuhn’s job: chatting with the smartest people alive. How do I get a job like this? Can I get a job reference please?
Perhaps your inquiry has eliminated you from consideration.
Take heart,there was always a strong probability that you would never get a job like that,Lop,..that it has now become an undeniable reality should be no surprise.
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
Not the easiest job though
In RLK's case, it's because (1) he's got a voice for it, (2) he's a scientist himself, (3) he has a background in media as a columnist for several publications, (4) he's also an internationally renowned corporate strategist. So good luck!
@@woodygilson3465 Yeah, you’re right. Dammit. Damn it all!!!
big fan of Sabine. Her channel is great!
Most of the interesting physics happens within our solar system. Keep up the interesting videos, Sabine y Señor Kuhn.
This is what they don't want you to know: The Connections (2021) [short documentary]
We don't have any black holes in our solar system though.
Most of the interesting physics happens in our solar system? So everything else out there isn’t interesting? Bold .
@@stretch8390 Have you been to a black hole?
@@therick363 Go for it. Go!
3:24 "Yes. Right..." 😅 Why I love you girl!!!
Probabilities are not real physical quantities. They are just a way to describe the likelyhood of obtaining a particular measured result. Wavefunctions are just a mathematical tool to calculate probabilities. Assuming wavefunctions are real physical things requires a huge (and in my opinion, unjustified) leap of faith.
And there seems to be a willingness to deduce an entire probability distribution from a sample size of 1.
For one thing the wave function is defined on configuration space which is certainly not physically real such as e.g space time. For example it does not have a definite dimension, the dimension it has depends on the "system" it describes. Obviously therefore the wave function is a mathematical abstraction, a descriptive tool, not a physical reality.
I think the problem is with normalization. The equations for probability are analytical continuous expressions of discrete combinatorial relations, obtained by normalizing the equations. But in combinatorics, the coefficents are expressive of discrete linear components. Normalization removes the context of particular combinatorial bases for analytic expressions.
Essentially we discard arithmetic to get the analytic power of Taylor series, and we get approximate results, with error ranges. The error ranges themselves also being defined precisely by what is discarded by using differentials instead of combinations of rational proportion, they were also once arithmetical in principle.
In short, we throw out specific rational solutions in the search for specific rational solutions. But you can only average your way to a mean, not an arithmetically discrete answer to a question. If we knew the underlying arithmetic of phenomena with their patterns of discrete local values rather than their Fourier coefficients over an infinite range, then we would call the equations classical rather than probabilistic. It's the same math, but we only have ever taken shortcuts to precision in lieu of understanding the deep properties of combinatorics. We got stoned by Newton's alchemical mystery and lost our way in the sigma sea, the lull of the wave equation, the standardization of deviation from the norm.
Standard deviation from the norm is a good way to measure compliance with prior understanding, but it's a poor substitute for an exact solution to a given problem in context of discrete components.
Sabine doesn't know. Robert doesn't know. The commenters don't know. I don't know.
“The Final Theory: Rethinking Our Scientific Legacy “, Mark McCutcheon.
I worry about people who do know.
Contradiction ?
The *problem* - so to speak - is that science is always trying to answer new questions/extensions of existing knowledge etc.
But then people / the media take whatever the current model, knowledge or “answers” are as straight up fact. We need people to understand that science is fluctuating and evolving (& I find that fascinating myself).
Hold onto your ideas, but be open to change as we experiment, observe and prove different or new theories.
It is amazingly pleasant to listen to highly intelligent people discussing complicated topics in a calm and rational way. Next stop...Jerry Springer's channel. Yin and Yang. It shall be so.
I love her. She is the only (public facing) Physical Scientist that isn't up her own butt or a blind worshipper of Science. She has the integrity to be true to the form and question everything that is taken as Science "fact" which is the ONLY way to keep progressing if we want to truly figure stuff out.
The arrow of time points forward in time because of the wave function collapse. Because causality has a speed limit every point in space sees itself as the closest to the present moment. When we look out into the universe, we see the past which is made of particles (GR). When we try to look at smaller and smaller sizes and distances, we are actually looking closer and closer to the present moment (QM). The wave property of particles appears when we start looking into the future of that particle. It is a probability wave because the future is probabilistic. Wave function collapse happens when we bring a particle into the present/past. GR is making measurements in the predictable past. QM is trying to make measurements of the probabilistic future.
Love your smiles when you are thinking, you are pretty Sabine!
Man sees probability God sees certainty
i feel like Sabine makes a great point about the biggest problem holding back progress in physics (and more generally, science) being our lack of understanding probability well enough.
for instance, we can probably easily guess several problems which we have a higher probability of solving, as opposed to more complicated problems like curing cancer or making nuclear fusion, when we very well could be missing some very attainable and important information which is a step in preventing us from solving these more complex problems.
Another ‘I am dumb’ question: How does the Probability Model differ from Deductive Reasoning?
Google is your friend.
the former is inductive and the later is not... or the later is the proof of the former... other opinions are welcomed...
Any conceivable universe would follow some principles of deductive logic. Probability on the other hand is a kind of mathematical shift that needn't work but miraculously enough does in our world. Even the definition of Probability is ridiculous. It is a limit as n->infinity of something. Which means that in principle no experiment can determine it or even if such a limit exists. Yet this fantastic assumption not only works as an approximation when more knowledge is lacking or more calculation is cumbersome, it seems to be a part of the fundamental make-up of our universe via quantum mechanics. Probability is a contingent quality of our reality. Logic is a necessary quality of any possible reality
True deduction is based on factual knowledge of some object . Probabilty makes assumption about nature of that object reality based on some limited observation. So it is inductive method. There is no pure deduction in empiric science. But if we look to spirituality which is based on revelation. Everything is deduction then.
@@antimaterialworld2717 Revelation knowledge is the illusion of knowledge.
OMG! Here’s my real-world example of the infinities problem:
I feel now infinitely more knowledgeable than I was before watching this…and yet these two people are infinitely more knowledgeable than me 😂
Wow, the facility and clarity these two have in just casually chatting about the EVERYTHING of it all is mesmerizing!
thank you Sabine
The brute fact is that we are the product of this Universe.
We are the universe.
The (physical) universe it self might be a phenomena within reality it self.
I loved this. I think you could describe her argument as "Hey guys... What are we doing here?".. Like you might do if you observe a room full of your peers with magnifying glasses starting at the same part of the wall for hours.
Sabine say's no to Robert's gobbledygook! 😮
I agree with her. When someone feels by lack of observation, the blindness can be meaningful, but the distant experience is powerful confusion.
Much better than the previous video between the two, thank you.
It would be great of we could have debates like these between physicists and mathematicians - using actual papers, making calculations..these are deeply important questions.
Love your approach. Perfectly said.
Thank you. Nice to see the concepts and questions made understandable to joe public👍
It’s frustrating when people discuss something (finally) that I have thought about and worked through for decades. On the bright side, these beloved people are hitting all the main points they need to to make the leap. ❤ So I am happy, even though I know what the “next big thing” will be. I know the “more” to particle physics. But there are many more aspects of probabilities and human brains and civilizations that they are not considering but is highly relevant. I know the next big thing because I am always figuring it out 20 years ahead… like the binding problem and Donald Hoffman’s work, for example… and many people in the past. It’s because I made my brain work like the universe does, or something did. I thought I might have been an alien for a long time. I might still be in new ways I only now begin to understand. These little 10 minute gems are amazing. ❤️👍🏻Thanks 🙏🏻 ❤ I have all kinds of books and papers with this stuff in it. I developed a new experimental method to show the new principles and it’s important. When people begin to understand… when I complete my work, the world will change more, and in more ways than ever before. For the better. Much much better. Solutions to our future are coming to the point where I am completely not worried about the “heat death” or anything in the universe anymore because I know what the universe is and I am the only one on earth currently who does. I take solace in that. Since I left school because everyone was wrong, and now live in my car like some spacefarer of inner space or collective unconscious. Have a nice day. ❤
What is that more? Please tell!
@@jollyjokress3852 You need to be high as a kite to appreciate the "more".
@@WallyMast I bvelieve that some people have knowledge. Even though not everything is necessarily founded, some truths can be there. It is sometime worth diving into the minds of other people.
@@jollyjokress3852 Thank you 🙏🏻 🥰
@@jollyjokress3852 Probability is the foundation for understanding everything. It’s the one thing we can say with absolute certainty existed before the universe. And when you extrapolate from that, and really think it through, it is the key to understanding the meaning of everything. From what the universe is to what life is and why we have brains and learn and have language-everything. Thanks 🙏🏻
when I was about 16 I picked up a book in our local library by George Gamow. I can't remember the title but it looked interesting. It was about infinity & how there are different forms of it. This confused the hell out of me, but when I read his logical explanation - e.g. why the sum to infinity of 1+1+1+1 ..... is obviously twice that of 2+2+2+ .... it made sense. Sort of. I gave up on the book shortly after, but I think I should have persevered. Perhaps I should try again (albeit 56 or so years later).
Sabine is one of my favorite humans. 🧠 .
You can actually compare infinities to infinities. There is such a thing called Cardinal Numbers that describe how big infinities are.
inf^n=inf, but n^inf>inf
Including infinities with a minus sign and that's the dilemma with the speed of light
Dilemma is... Newton's constant was like his cat nobody could say about that but Schrodinger couldn't bell the 🐈...
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Ah now I understand from that dilemma this is on the history of science which has not been mentioned...and I misunderstood as something cooking...nice nice viewing
The way I thought it worked is that we are in a superposition of near infinite potential future universes, and that as probabilities are collapsed by observation into a definite past, those collapses are actually what keeps time moving forward. Eventually when the universe dies, probabilities go to 0, and nothing further can be observed in the universe, time will stop, because nothing will propel time further.
This lady is above and beyond, love you Sabine! Make more music videos too
Thanks for the clarity --
Hi Charles its a pleasure my brother.
Very interesting and amaizing this converation. Thanks so much
Sabine is great. wish her videos had lighting as good as this one
Yes I've noticed that her lighting is very flat, no key light plus fill.
and this better audio