Unusual Aircraft - Ekranoplan the Leviathan
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 27 авг 2024
- Subscribe to Naked Science - goo.gl/wpc2Q1
Designers around the world are trying to build radical new aircraft, at this secret airbase outside Moscow, Russian engineers created what looked more like a flying saucer than a plane. Called "Tarelka”, it was conceived during the height of the Cold War. This early secret footage shows the first scale model tests. Despite their methods being low-tech the results were remarkable. It looked impossible but the Tarelka flew.
Initial tests were so successful that construction began on a full size Tarelka. Looking like a craft from another planet, it could carry up to a dozen passengers, and possibly become the new executive jet of the future. The engines are housed inside the main body. The small wings provide no lift at all, they help stabilise and steer the machine. But shortage of money from the Russian government caused work to stop on the Tarelka. A waterborne version was also tested, it was designed to travel just above the surface of the water using a cushion of air to provide lift for very little thrust. This is called ground effect, something Russian designers had used in their most unusual aircraft.
The Lun-class Ekranoplan, also known as the Caspian Sea Monster, is a ground effect vehicle designed by Rostislav Evgenievich Alexeev and used by the Soviet and Russian navies from 1987 until the late 1990s. Larger than jumbo jet, this astonishing machine is powered by eight huge turbofan jet engines. It flew using the lift generated by the ground effect of its large wings when close to the surface of the water. Although they might look similar and have related technical characteristics, Ekranoplans like the Lun are not aircraft, seaplanes, hovercraft, or hydrofoils. Ground effect is a separate technology altogether. The International Maritime Organization classifies these vehicles as maritime ships.
Clip from the documentary “Extreme Machines - Flight of the Future”.
Watch it here - • Flight of the Future -...
that is the most soviet looking craft i have EVER seen
In Soviet Russia boat sails you
Seriously
That is still one of the coolest looking things ever
+Kaitydid74 like 941 sub, mil 24 , Mria
like a giant flying Hammerhead shark, I agree!
Those Russians had creativity I’ll tell you what
started by looking for led lights and now i am here.
the wonders of the internet :D
two years later it also happened to me...
Searching info on led lights two hours ago then checked on some ace combat 7 gameplay...
This pops in my feed...
It's slightly inaccurate. There were 10 engines, eight up front and two on the tail. All ten engines were used to get it airborne, then front eight were turned off and only tail engines used, making for great fuel conservation, benefiting from in-ground-effect, the whole purpose for the design. Rogue wave? picked up on radar and pilot pulls back on yoke. This had a ceiling of something like 3'000 feet, although would require re-start of front engines to go that high. wasting enormous amount of fuel. By flying so very low, it could go undetected by radar of the time. Look-down radar ended that advantage. The idea is being looked at for a flying cruise ship application.
I think it makes most sense as a freighter. The speed of airfreight, with costs far lower and able to carry much heavier/bulkier loads. It could also work as a super-fast vehicle ferry. Routes that were previously unviable or just painfully slow become possible passenger and vehicle ferry routes, i.e. Sydney-Auckland, Brisbane-Noumea, Brest/Plymouth/Cardiff and New York/Boston/Halifax
There were several modifications/So that everything is accurate
I really agree!
LMLMD Jet engines are super inefficient in low altitude, so it is not saving fuel at all.
@@chung729chung And so the other ekranoplans have prop engines on the tail instead.
2:20 Ah yes, the 1st flight of Cthulu Airlines.
Nice
Lmfao
Lol
Black Magic Airlines
These things have been around since the 50's. Khrushchev told Kennedy we have boats that could jump over bridges.
Thats kindof spine tingling if you heard that from the guy with just as many missiles as you.
The Caspian Sea Monster will always be one of my favorite projects that has ever been built
The way they're pushing all those throttle levers forward at 2:33 makes it look like it's Battlestar Galactica they're launching, especially with the fella using both hands! What an amazing machine, pure Soviet Union style, pity it got suffocated by lack of money!
۰
Не от этого....
Not "Tarioka", actually it's called "Tarelka", it means "a plate".
Corrected, thank you.
1:50 Ground Effect? I thought the Ekranoplane was inspired by the Pelican
1966 october 18, first flight of 544-tones "KM" build by Dr. Rostislav Alekseiev.
+Испытательная Исследовательская и Доводочная База 👍👍👍
And Test Ship "The Americans Called It The Caspian Monster" has 10 engines, I think, not 8.
Holy fucking crap, A THOUSAND marines? Imagine 100 of these charging across the sea just before dawn, under the radar and undetected. They could show up unexpected and start a large scale invasion within hours.
But if they hit a swell wrong, 1000 sailors gone...
@@bikersoncall oh no
1000 marines in a 70+ meter plane? Doubt there will be any space to breathe, so they are probably all dead once they get to their destination 😄
Amazing aircraft! The massive size and high speed would have allowed 1,000 Soviet Marines to appear on your beach before you could react
300mph, 1,000 tons of thrust and being a big oblonged metal box that can hold 1,000 fully geared marines. That would be on anyone's radar just starting up.
Random Videos lol no.
Nope, it would not be. It flies under the radar and sonar cannot detect it (because it flies just above water). No torpedos can hit it, mines are also in the water, not above.
Marek, that's not how radar and sonar works my friend. An airborne radar can easily track this craft from very long distances and a sea or land based radar could easily track it once it came over the horizon. Active sonar would not be able to ping it but the craft's huge loud engines operating that close to the water can be heard at long distances by passive sonar. Even Tu-95 bear bombers can be heard by underwater sensors.
Well, I cannot argue with that. I was just telling what I have read on wikipedia, where those points were said as "+" of the aircraft
Taking flying below the radar to a new level. :)
No it wouldn't be that easy to detect.
First the waves or wake it makes wouldn't be that large, far less then a large ship and to see these waves you have to be within visual range and then it would be easier to just spot the plane.
(from guesstimation / speculation) I would say the heat would also be far harder to detect than a regular plane, since it's near sea level a sea level inferred senor would only be able to pick it up once the plane pops up over the horizon (again that is a pretty poor detection zone of a few km).
Not only this, the heat generated by the plane would be so close to the water that it would quickly blend in with the background radiation of the ocean as opposed to in the sky where the heat would stand out against the cold air for far longer.
Also, you couldn't detect it on sonar that well either since it's not in the water
Damn that was a quick reply,
For a satellite, first you have to have access to a very high grade spy satellite (not all countries do)
Second that satellite has to be looking at the approximate area where the plane is, the world is a very very big place, satellites can't scan the entire surface constantly.
Third, that satellite has to be over that particular place on earth to see it (Satellites can't actually see much of earth at a time I think it's around 3-5% or so of the surface and of this % it can probably only accurately detect inferred for less. )
So you can only rely on a satellite for finding the object once you know where it is, which is not that helpful for detecting a hidden plane not only this, the plane was designed when radar was king before the days of spy satellites.
I don't see why you wouldn't put inferred sensors on boats and planes.
For wake, the plane would pull up quite a lot of light spray into the air, but this would quickly fall back down and disappear. Since the plane isn't actually parting and moving through large amounts of water it wouldn't create any (significant) wake under the surface, so there aren't any large quantities of water that need to settle like a ship would create. All it's wake is in the air above the water which you can't detect (easily).
And again, sure if a plane is flying above the area where this plane is flying, sure it can see it. But then you need to know where this plane is so you can fly over that area.
Just as a side note, the plane wouldn't be pulling the water up behind it. It would be pushing the water down into the ocean forcing other water to come up.
30 hours is a pretty large window for the plane to fly a mission in undetected.
Sure you can use a spy satellite for general data gathering, but you can't use a general satellite for spying... see what I'm saying? It would take a very high tech inferred camera and satellite to find and track a Jet wash on the surface of the ocean. And then it can only track it for a few minutes before the plane is hidden by the horizon again, then the satellite has to complete the orbit and then find the plane again.
AND the satellite has to be in an orbit that allows it to see the plane, satellites can't freely change their orbits on a whim. To change an orbit they have to burn precious fuel.
And if this satellite is constantly searching for Russian planes skimming across the ocean, it limits the use of that satellite a bit.
Not only this it would take enormous amounts of processing power for computers to scan through that amount of data (pictures) to find a telltale sign that a plane has been there. And there is no way in hell you could do that manually. Which you would have to be doing constantly to catch this plane doing a mission like that. Would be a very expensive feat.
That's why they still use surveillance stations and surveillance planes and fill ships up with radar equipment.
+concent127 -I have to respectfully disagree- during the Second World War, allied radar sets, both airborne and ship mounted, were capable of detecting THE PERISCOPE of submarines, which, inarguably have a much, much smaller RCS (radar cross section, or amount of reflectivity of an object) than an Ekranoplan. Also, as per 'stealth' design for aircraft, return from the engines intakes and compressor turbines (disk faces) generate a HUGE radar signal from the frontal aspect (that's why they are masked, hidden, or blended into the fuselage as a critical component of reducing radar signature). With eight jet engines at the front, and two additional jets mounted on the tail fin, this cannot be considered a 'low observable aircraft' -or surface craft- by any means. As well, the rest of its structure, including the tail that was as tall as a five stories building, with large, flat reflective surfaces means that it would have had a very large, 'bright' radar return, both for airborne and ship
Love to see it full, Soviet designers were brilliant, while the west had better technology, more capital the Soviets were always able to keep up with their designs.
Great Russian engineering ! respect !
***** Soviet era but russian brains that solve problems even when the bastards in charge do everything ther can to stifle they efforts ! Nomenclatura and bureaucracy was the worst enemy of the russian creativity !
***** Yes, you are right .
It was a great nation but the leadership towards the end was not up to standard apart from Krutshev .
Like Yugoslavia who was functioning till Tito was alive and yet they had everybody against .
USSR at the East, and NATO at the East and very small help from anybody ! Great people the slavs ! I admire them for their spirit of sacrifice !
Ddoubtfully. That made Russian Federation over the past 26 years?
Александр Putin managed to give Russia its honour back and save it from distruction by Yeltsin and NWO's goons !
Foreign policy change, domestic policy has remained the same.Local officials are the same crooks of the nineties. Silly pologat that Putin does not know about it.
A ground effect aircraft has to stay close the ground. It also works over a calm sea but over waves the lifting force is interrupted.
also known as the Caspian sea monster
Caspian sea monster was a later make iirc. It had missiles on top.
@@lakrumallawa6454 Нет, анти-корабельные ракеты "москит" были установлены на экраноплан проекта 903 "Лунь", а в видео показан экраноплан КМ (корабль макет), получивший на территори западных стран прозвище Каспийский Монстр
I read about this years and years ago but was beginning to think I dreamed it! Thanks for the upload, brilliant.
At those speed and close to the water, how it made sharp turns whenever necessary!
Any chance the full documentary will be set to public? It's currently private.
Yes will be available soon.
Thanks
Naked Science is it available yet?
Malkiel check Curious Droid- Ekranoplane
That is so cool! The Soviets did have some cool engineering. They spent a lot of money on military technology.
fenderstratguy, its not past tense...they have the most advanced tech in the world. NOW. Lots of secrets too. :)
I really miss extreme machines
prof in my alma mater worked on control system for these. as he said there were many difficulties because of speed, cases with not so plain surface, non uniform 'ekran' and so on. one of the major is gracefully landing :) if control system fails then pilots won't have a chance. as he said 'hop! and you are under the ground or water'. maybe today with help of modern electronics and engines ekranoplans will have chance. artic fits good except landing on ice
there was another full documentary of the ekranoplane , well it said 1 of these things during testing had a crash but no 1 suffered the tail broke off and that beast was able to continue its job , so they considered it as 1 of the safest transportation systems ever, well after all i m just saying what i heard from that documentary ....
First, the WIG-crafts (or "ekranoplans", as we call them) are not aircrafts at all. They are ships, due to international classification. This also explains, why aircraft designers didn't success at all, instead of ship designers (only 14M1P comes in mind).
Second, the original KM han 10 engines, not 8. Those in the front were used only during the lift-off, the main engines were actually in the back of the ship.
Third thing - the KM wasn't a military WIG-craft actually. Basically, it's a flying lab to test things that were used on A-90 "Orlyonok" and "Lun'".
Finally, KM is not in a dry dock now, you may have messed it up with "Lun". KM is now lying somewhere in a Caspian sea.
Ships that can fly to altitude of about 3000ft ?
Hmmmmmmmmmm.....
Brilliant!!
Hopefully the Russian's can obtain the funding.
Perhaps they could consider a Commercial version and seek investors. It would be an extraordinary disappointment to have this project of brilliant engineering shelved for lack of financing.
Kudos Russia, for such a marvel in engineering. They'll have to create a new word to define Aviation and Shipping into one spectacular AeroShip! 🙂
Van Aus Heard Russians are creating these again in secret , they are probably making them better than before, hope we will see it soon again
ruclips.net/video/LK4c_fctpzA/видео.html
The Ekranoplan crashed and sunk after a ametuer pilot tried to fly it after the inventor died. Too heavy to tow back to shore. Kinda sad
Van Aus, I am sure the Russians are either using them now, or preparing to. They like to say something is defunct or 'in the making' when it actually is being used. haha. I admire the Russians greatly.
i like russian engineers and desighners
YEAH BUT WOULD YOU FLY YOUR FAMILY IN ONE OF THEIR PLANES ??
Yes. Soviet built aircraft were designed to operate reliably in harsh situations. The bad reputation comes from the fact that routine maintenance and safety precautions were ignored by many of the hopelessly cashstrapped and inexperienced "babyflots" that set up in the former USSR in the 90s who mostly used inherited planes. Soviet aircraft were also widely used in very poor countries who again could not afford to do proper maintenance and safety checks. The IL-86, IL-96 and TU-2x4 proved to be some of the safest planes in their class (the 86 never suffered a fatal accident at all) and the IL-62 had a record very similar to equivalent western models despite being more widely exported to developing countries and being frequently operated with parts beyond rated lifespan in the former Soviet republics, and operated in ultra-harsh envrionments. So the question is, would you rather getting in a 737 that hadn't seen a mechanic in years, or a TU-154?
LMLMD Thank you for that info, you learn something new everyday . I was not bashing their engineering as a whole.... I just heard some horror stories about their airplanes . That sad story about the hockey team and the problems with other planes ... I just saw a doc on the Soviet space shuttle and they said it was better than NASA's ... They said it could lift more payload , they could abort on the launch pad by shutting the fuel off .. Where NASA's Space shuttle, once that puppy was lit there was no stopping it ....lol..... And the Soviet's even had a way of escape for their crew...
You're welcome - glad it was interesting. Yeah the Buran is such a shame. If the project was revived with some updates it'd a great shuttle replacement. Much of the tooling is still available as the current Angara launcher uses modified booster designs from the Buran. The Buran also had a automous flight capability - it could launch, orbit, re-enter and land without any crew onboard, which theoretically would allow for a pure-cargo version with no crew compartment/systems, giving it maximum payload abilities in a fully reusable craft. Roscosmos has messed around with various ideas like space tugs, but has never revisited a completed design it already has just sitting there :(
LMLMD true vs American jet aircraf
Could be cool for a „water world“ future
The ekranoplan really was an amazing aircraft but the reason for its lack of funding is more based on a lack of use. What would Russia use it for? It is more use for shipping across an ocean and no use for shipping across the largest country on earth. The EU and US should be developing it rather than Russia. Or China and the US.
Huge and fast - a real monster!
U have always found the Ekranoplan idea really interesting . I have seen a full doco a number of years ago and the idea and concept are simple but brilliant.
That ekranoplane is huge and impressive...like almost all made in Russia when was URSS
Stunning aircraft
it looks like they have a guy in the cockpit just to help push all the throttles hahaha.
It was a main constructor
_these are more prototypes using "ground effect".. creates a pocket of high pressure air it glides on.. and the large one (ekranoplan) can fly carrying up to 1000 tons, excellent for vital cargo or troop transport, that can be classed as a Super-Transporter.. Glider, and very fast.. compared to a large cruiser that is super slow and easy target_
Russia stands boldly when making a serious joke with USA
Ekranoplan mil26
Man Russian are great
Amazing the roar of 8 engines
They only work before GEV achieves take-off and sets on the operational altitude, upon which the frontal engines are disengaged and only the aft engies continue to work.
holy shit that's so fucking scary, imagine being on an aircraftcarrier and seing this thing come towards you at 500 mph with big-ass rockets on top of it
1:57 great soundtrack
"Since the Cold War" ... which is STILL going on, except it is only one side that is playing it ... and since the Warsaw Pact is gone you only get one guess which side "couldnt let go of the past".
The Russians have the most advanced tech in the world. I bet that 'aircraft' is being used today, as Mother Russia is no longer struggling financially
I've seen that thing in black sea sector, but the guards didn't allow me to take photo. Seriously, it even more massive if you look up close. Pretty dangerous too, it could carry at least 6 nuclear warhead.
Amazing monster.
Looks like a spaceship from the Thunderbirds haha
imagine how many things could've been already accomplished if money wasnt introduce to us.Instead of that everyone have good will to help each other.
Holy crap, it has as many engines as a B-52
WHY ARE WE NOT FUNDING THIS?
i could only imagine what would happen if that hit a wave....
BTW, it's at the bottom of the sea, not in dry dock.. possibly done on purpose, but supposedly by mistake
pne of the main problems with the ekranoplan is having to fly into the wind, so theres limitations for certian ones. But if you placed boat motors on the back of them that could receed into the fusilage this would earase this problem
I see Russia has made some really big expensive paper weights too LOL
Serious question, what happens when it hits a wave or rough sea?
I like. Much safer than dodgy aircraft flying 30,000ft up in the atmosphere with no parachute.
+JayE absolutely much less safe than an aircraft. at 30,000 feet there is nothing to collide with. at 5 ft you hit a stray wave and the whole thing disintegrates and everyone is dead
when u think about it....all roads are ground effect against the tires....filled with air...just as the engine is a compressor...so too are our vehicles a form of hovercrafts.
هذا النموذج لم يتمكن من الطيران رغم طول المسافة المتاحة له وكثرة المحركات التي يمتلكها
وربما ذلك يعود لقصر جناحيه مقارنة بطوله وثقله
And the Ekranoplan had 10 Engines(8 at the front, 2 at the back)
but... what about BIG WAVES? how does it work in storms (aside of avoiding them)?
Good question I was wondering the same
we have satellites we know when bad weather will up roach
it could go about 20 feet above the water surface, very little chance of hitting a big wave
This is what are military needs
Ekranoplan is so ####ing cool!
I didn't know they actually built an Ekranoplan.
I have to commend the team who work ford tje success of this mission . Weldon
Balls of steel to drive/fly that rig lol 😂
The power of Russia ingenuity a thousand ICBM missiles right up to the shores of the United States classic
This would be awesome in war thunder lol
Give unlimited vodka to a soviet engineer team and they can build a real death star
Stupid comment.
@@RawGa stupid but fun... I'm nearly sure they tried... if it's the bigger it's from russia or ussr....
2:20 the monster wake up
thats so scary like in the alien movies
Flying ship.
Why aren't we using this "boat"?
One large wave would be like hitting a brick wall
Imagine an Ekranoplan with 8 GE9X engines...
Hell yes, what a great image you have put in my head! It would look absolutely incredible!
this is for mother Russia!!
they should develop more exotic design
...and this is the first Ekranoplan simulator! here a very first video,
store.steampowered.com/app/372160/
for this PC game which will be published in the end of 2015.
The simulator will have 27 different missions, 12 different ekranoplans (from Bartini models to Kaspian Monster, Lun Civil & Military, Volga, Orlyonok and so on!), 5 different scenarios (caspian sea; syberia, kazakistan, baltic sea, ukraine)
Das vidagna!
i enjoyed the whole video but given the name of the video is "Ekranoplan the Leviathan", the first 2 min weren't even about it.
Whats the difference between lift and displacement? I another video they said the aircraft's displacement was less than 400 tons.
Looks like thunderbird 2
Is that Bob Page masterminding this project!? Why contain it?
It's cool!
It has 10 engines. Two of them on the tail.
YEAHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH,COMMANDOS,I MISS IT
And then it hits a stray wave at 300mph and disintegrates completely lol no wonder this never caught on
At first id say: Its a Photoshop. But the amazing fact is it isnt...
Extreme machines .... discovery channel
U can make a brick fly, just add lots of power lol
dry dock? might as well be a spruce goose
Thans the best beach landing thing ever seen
Monday.com made me install adblocker
That is amazing
bravo ! bravo !
the Lun', not the Leviathan
the Ekranoplan was first designed in the 1950's and they made a full working model the size of an american football field
this design looks like there going backwards nor forwards in there designs !
Interesting,how this thing going to handle wave?
When It weight more than 1000 tons, than is it bigger than the Antonov 225! I proof it and it's right! So this is the biggest plane of all time! The an-225 is the biggest plane today...
It didn't weigh 1000 tons. That was it's lifting ability.
LMLMD Yes it can lift 1000t. So the Maximum takeoff weight is 1250t!
LMLMD So it can carry 1000 tons...
What is Ken Warbys' world water speed record?
🌍🌎🌏🚀 This Soviet machine looks like "FIREFLASH" from "Thunderbirds" by Gerry Anderson. The MOST INCREDIBLE PLANE for all over the WORLD. 🌏 Russian were inspired Derek Meddings drawing may be 🤔?
since the fall of the Soviet Union many Americans got their hands on Soviet Sciencetist
And then a jumping whale will wipe it out.
i can do that with a normal plane hold my beer.
and what about full size "tarelka" did it fly ? is there any tests :)
What happens when this thing encounters a 5m high wave while flying 2m above the ocean at 300kmh?
Does it jump because of the variation of the ground effekt, burst through the wave, explode into tiny pieces as if it hit a wall or sink?
+TwoFistsOneHalleluja I am wondering the exact same thing. seems really impractical unless they can know for sure there will be flat seas and no rogue waves
+TwoFistsOneHalleluja They are most efficient at 20m altitude, but even if they flew lower, I don't imagine 5m waves to be a problem. It would burst through the wave with little effort I suspect.
+TwoFistsOneHalleluja it is in Caspian sea , which is merely a lake. Also Black sea nd Volga delta are basically lakes. It's not supposed to travel across Atlantic or Pacific. That job can be done by ICMB (intercontinental ballistic missiles) which fly not 500 km per hour, but 28000 km per hour and travel one-way, having some megatonn of nuclear warheads.
I've read that it's the very reason why they were never developped fully, as their use were severely limited by this very fact. The Ekranoplanes were more proof of concept and a nice field of aerodynamics studies that a real project for large scale production. But those were the times when the USA and USSR threw money in every field of research possible to impress each other.
It could fly up to 14m with no real problems.
What would happen if a large wave formed I front of it?
A lot of the numbers and details in this video are not accurate . For exampel , flying it use just to rear engines . The front 4 , just to creat lift , to get vehicle out of the water .
Im hungry
It's Amazon. But never saw an ekranoplan steering, flying curves. And is empoweted with 100000 hp. How much is fuel consumption? And where is efficiency? There are better solutions.
垂直尾翼の左右の2機もエンジン？ 計10発か？