This rapid change in terrain is thought to be the reason Kea are so clever. Apparently, the constantly changing landscape, in evolutionary terms, meant the Kea was constantly having to adjust its way of living and finding food, which made it resourceful and clever...;)
Born and raised in the top of the South Island. I've been hearing my whole life we're "very overdue for a BIG one", great to understand it better thanks to your video!
Great video. I'm a Canterbury geography graduate and while my area was never geology or geomorphology or seismology, living through the Christchurch earthquakes has given me a great appreciation for these sciences.
Same here. My expertise is not in geology but I've always been interested in it. The quakes over Canterbury in those years were fascinating and terrifying. I felt like adrenaline was the only chemical my body could produce. Kaikoura was a particularly fascinating situation and the good people that worked to fix things up there should be publicly commended for what they achieved.
Yea,, i was young when it happened but i still remember how it did and is effecting cantabry.. and yet still not everyone has been payed by insurance still 😕
Tragically, the Darfield quake started a run along the faults towards Chch. If you play the time series then there was an inevitablility to 2011. I often wonder if anyone at GNS or VUW saw the progression happening and tried to raise the alarm. If not then what's the point of stamp collecting data if blooming obvious events are happening?
My Grandfather was part of the team that built the wall mentioned at the start. My Father remembers spending time there as a kid while it was being built. We visited the wall on our last trip down south
Great video. The trouble with New Zealand's beautiful landscapes is that they were created by dramatic forces of nature. In NZ, I feel like we are ants that Mother Nature steps on and squashes whenever she feels like it.
I was in Port Villa, Vanuatu when the 7.4 earthquake struck, me and my family was in town when it hit suddenly at lunch time 12:47 p.m. local time VUT, (Interesting Fact The Quake in Vanuatu Struck almost identical time as the Christchurch Quakes back 2011 which happen at 12:51 p.m.) After everything had happen you definitely feel like ants and when Mother Nature comes knocking, there"s nothing we as humans can do, so powerful & quite scary.
I swear NZ has the best geoscience on the planet. Even in the quite geologically fascinating and complex Pacific Northwest (decent geologic analogue to NZ in some ways) only a handful of nerds seem to really care, most are oblivious and many features are criminally understudied (Glacier Peak volcano only has a singular seismometer). We didn't even know about the Cascadia megathrust until like 50 years ago.
@@jase4270 We would go that far. But yes your the typical self hating Kiwi…actually surprised you didn’t have an issue with the narrator saying “Aotearoa”
I live in Northern California and am always interested in the geology and seismic movements! We've had a bunch of swarms in the last month that has been concerning! I don't know if it has been a good thing, and is relieving the tectonic plates, or if this is a sign of something bigger coming!
On a slightly related topic , up North at Coopers beach, famous for it's Miocene plant fossils ,where it once was a swamp forest. But up way above the beach itself along state high way 10 ,there is a site I discovered after a slip ,which is marine/estuary (tiny seashell molds and burrows of shrimp or crap ) lots of sand and fragments of leaves and in the middle of this all is a 3inch thick ancient mud layer with lots of leaves Plus I found to date four Coconuts in the marine sand layers ,so I know it's Miocene .This Marine layers is way way above the beach fossil layers ,so tectonic forces in the past effecting Miocene Northland has left the theses two sites .'Up lift' having the Marine site further inland and 50-60 ft above the Coopers beach level Miocene site today .
Marine layers way above current sea level could be due to higher ocean levels due to warmer climate at that time, rather than earthquake uplift. Could.
Not knowing when an earthquake is going to happen is comforting - ignorance is bliss. Knowing it’s about to happen is downright scary. Glad I live in Auckland….now about that volcano in the harbour.
oh gosh Aucklands built on a table of volcanos the one in the harbour is the least of Auckland's worry if your not near n.s hospital and I think if akl blew we would end up a 3 island nation instead of a 2 island nation in the pacific
@@robinhodgkinson I hav a daughter that lives under Mt Wellington and works at the airport 🤦🏾♀️ i didn't realise there were so many volcanoes until I watched a documentary a few yrs back... I can't help but wonder why do people create settlements on and around them coz one-day they might wake and shake
Soon after the first Christchurch earthquakes there was a series of devastating tornados in the USA. I posed the question to my work colleagues, "What would be worse, knowing a tornado is coming or not knowing that an earthquake is about to happen?" There was no argument. We all immediately said we would prefer knowing so that we at least had some time to prepare. Living in those days of uncertainty of never knowing day by day, hour by hour when the next one would hit was miserable...and then it did. It was horrible. And then all that uncertainty was back and remained for months/years afterwards!
My daughter is seriously considering do the Vic Uni environmental sciences in 2026. She wants to be outdoors and maybe do something useful in the big picture. Hoping this would fit her.
I'm a Canadian and thank you for the interesting video. I live in the centre of Canada and as interesting as it is to learn about the power of geological forces I'm happy living in a region without any major events.
I went to a brilliant seminar presented by AF8, the team responsible for raising awareness of the high chance of a mag8 earthquake, and the info was so well presented. As well as the science of the event, they are also educating about the civil response and our personal responsibility to be prepared. I’ve got my emergency kits, food and water stash all ready for when it happens. Terrifying thought but better to understand it!
Not one of the schools I've worked in, or Vic Uni for that matter (ahem) carried out a Shakeout practice. So AF8 is awesome but education is clearly prioritising academic timetables over nature's, which is a tragic bloody error
A small tease of what could happen when the big one hits happened in the Kaikoura 2016 earthquakes. I used to go there a lot before the earthquake and memorised the geographic layouts, but after the earthquake, i saw small islands meters above the ocean, made clear by the difference in colour. I feel the Kaikoura earthquakes is one of the best examples of major fault movement in recent history because of how aggressive it was.
@@AlonsoRules Shortly after I immigrated, a friend of mine told me there was evidence of quakes with lateral movement of 20m. Me: Good grief! .... Looking on the bright side, I'd always admired my next door neighbours' kitchen. Him: Unfortunately most of the crockery was broken when it arrived.
Just finished an environmental science degree at University of Canterbury! Absolutely loved a Geology course we did on Alpine Fault response scenarios.
And the New Zealand government (conservative National coalition) has cut scientific staff with hard budget cuts. There are things for the betterment of a country that you do not and must not cut. We also have a lot of endangered species and that includes that New Zealand native insects are not in a good way and yet the government slashes funding across the board. Quite shocking really.
The government also covers our once stunning county in 1080, one of the most potent insecticides in the world, so clearly native insects are declining and funding is not the problem...
l live in nz. and the suit wearing lizzies have a fast track bill slated and on the table to PUSH through with no public opinion regarded that will give sign off authority rights to 3x totally unqualified and fascist ministers letting any company into OUR country carte blanche. There goes all our vast marine reserves, protected native forest , nuclear ban , to open armed slander and slaughter with a big 'yes !' to all greedy trans nationals...... mines for OUR minerals ,our gold ,and our resources , and yes to genetic engineering our food . They are dangerous eco-terrorists and have fallen over on all their election lies and promises. I believe when a government that is freely elected is this mutinous towards its lands and people there should be an independant body that can then take a vote to tip them out and that should have the mandate to stop them passing any more laws after giving them 3 weeks to clear their traitorous seats. We do NOT consent ! ! !
You are very correct. But! Very few areas in New Zealand can sustain FTE’s of the magnitude that come out qualified each year in this industry. R&D in New Zealand is a very small area of work, and although some of it can be incredibly important and rewarding, at the end of the day you just can’t survive on it. 20 years in a particular government dept, watching highly qualified people move overseas due to lack of work is quite depressing. FTE, Full Time Employment is very hard to come buy, more so under the current political situation. And just when you think you may have scored yourself a job and settled into a great career, your smartly told by the Banks’ no sorry you can’t have a loan to buy a house as your only on contract work. Yes that lovely R&D position which even though is through the Government (which most are in N.Z) is not deemed full time. Sorry you can’t buy a house. So many highly talented PhD, Masters……etc have left for overseas. Can New Zealand fill all those positions in this field every year on full time positions? No! It’s as simple as that, sad but true. My son was extremely interested in this area of work, but walked away and is going to study medicine simply because the work is just not there.
I am a student at Otago Uni studying chemistry and now geology. The chances of an Alpine Fault rupture during my lifetime are incredibly high and I want to be able to study such an enormous geological event.
I read something about a project called AF8, or Alpine Fault Magnitude 8. It sounds like New Zealand is working to be prepared for a big quake on the Alpine Fault. Sounds like New Zealand is one of the smarter nations.
I remember when I was an engineering Student at Canterbury university in the early 2000s, my lecturer said, "if there was ever an earthquake in Christchurch, the ground would liquify and all of the tall buildings would fall over. However, that will never happen, because there are no known fault line under Christchurch". I guess he was half right!
Such a good video! We definitely need more Earth scientists. I studied geomorphology in my last year at high school and have been fascinated ever since (although going the Arts route in further studes) Videos like yours are pure gold.
I LOVE this channel! It's so engaging, fascinating, and important! I live in Northern California and am always interested in the geology and seismic movements! We've had a bunch of swarms in the last month that has been concerning! I don't know if it has been a good thing, and is relieving the tectonic plates, or if this is a sign of something bigger coming! Thanks!
Are there any cameras providing continuous video of segments of the faultline ? If not it seems like it would be a great project to install some. Imagine capturing video of the actual fault moving in a large earthquake.
Good video! As an undergraduate who has studied the geology of Baja California and the Gulf of California. Hearing about this type of research is great.
It’s interesting that the gap between quakes is ~300 years. The Cascadia Subduction Zone also seems to have a similar devastating regularity of M8-9 level quakes with resulting tsunamis. Both areas are also stunningly beautiful 😢
I studied geology back in 1977 for a few years, then moved into hydrology. But I still have a photo album of various rock formations from a geological class trip to northwest Nelson. I also come from Napier with my parents being in the 1931 Earthquake. Really interesting topic, albeit a slowly happening one, well.until.it happens!😮
An unusual presentation - which i appreciate. My reflexive (and personally asinine) reaction to it is to feel proud of the work you all do and the knowledge you enrich us with... ever rolling back The Veil. Fun fact: it's people like you, all over the world, that provide me with the possibility to occasionally say something sensible. All the very best from Mt Messenger, Taranaki.
The wall is wonderful. Very helpful. Alas, the fault is going to unzip at some stage in the next few decades nomatter what structures people build. Nature, when all is said and done, is stronger than we are. The experts tell us that it will be around mag 8 and since 2017 has been about due. I know the government, and the experts such as those at Victoria, are preparing for Kiwis to make the best resonse possible, but to the best of my very limited knowledge, that "when and at what point on the Alpine Fault" things will happen, is a very major problem for us all. Videos like this that help to inform us all are very helpful, 🙏 thanks.
The last major shift was Inangahua early 70s And kaikoura more recently Whether those count as significant in the predictions as say a warning shot of the magnitude of whats to come it would be nice to know
We should research ways of constructing infrastructure which must cross the fault, not so that it can't be damaged, but rather so it can more easily be rebuilt to serve for the next few centuries of stability. I'm thinking of the giant U-bends in the steam pipes ay Wairakei which cope with expansion and contraction. Put all utilities into aerial mode for the fault crossing, instead of having to dig them up, etc. Roads could have branches pre-built aligned to connect after the fault moves, etc. Most of the infrastructure runs SW-NE anyway, not a lot crosses the fault.
The earthquake that devastated Canterbury in 2011 was 6.3, caused nearly 200 deaths and cost more than $13 billion NZD (8 billion USD, 6.7 billion GBP). Estimated total economic cost is $300 billion. A size 8.0 earthquake is 1000 times stronger.
Interesting video . Having said that however, you can study as much as you like and spend as much as you can lay hands on but there is nothing you can do to change what Mother nature has in store, this is the way.
Yes. Lived on the Coast as did my ancestors and attended seminars about the faultline. Nothing we can do to stop it, but, the Coast IS well prepared, but of course it won't be enough. However,they are far more prepared than LA was for its fires. They knew it was only a matter of time but did nothing. The Coast is ready for it,but,unlike the fires,there is nothing they can do to stop it.
I'm currently at Mt Cook and trying to familiarise myself with the South Island. Thank you for the information, will make for some great talking points at breakfast this morning.
Kind of a similar situation here in washington, massive earthquake due here soon. Though its due to the fact that we sit on top of a plate subduction zone instead of slip fault.
Stuff like this only makes me love Seismology more and more. Sucks I can't enroll cause I'm too dumb and too poor, but at least fathoming what gets said in these videos is good.
@paulmarker5689 What? No, the video doesn't make me dumb. I couldn't pay attention in school because of some nasty mental health issues, but Seismology has me hooked. Unfortunately, I missed out on years of key education and development, so I can't enroll in any institution that teaches that subject.
@mrquackadoodlemoo the requirements are different for mature students than those going straight from school to university. Why not have another look, even if it is to do one paper at a time. Studying as an adult is a lot different than as a teenager at school because you have to be there.
21st Century New Zealand should have an army being trained and equipped to deal with the inevitable fallout from this and any other catastrophic, predictable event. Trained search and rescue, water engineers, helicopter pilots with heavy lift equipment....trained/in training, ready to go, all geared up.
Actually, I really regretted not taking the opportunity back in 1982 to leave my jewellery manufacturing trade back in 1982 to work at something else, so I highly recommend that young, (and mature-age), student take advantage of the unique fields of research that New Zealand offers. Although the job I was offered was managing a daffodil farm, it was a wage instead of sub-contracted low paid piece-work in an industry hit by a recession (that's the reason the company's boss sent me to work in his Auckland workshop so as not to lose me), but I could've gone on to study at university to become involved in this exciting field of research. Obtaining a similar tertiary degree in geology or science in this area back in Australia may certainly have led to a reasonably well paid job in mining, but not the sort of exciting research that NZ would've offered! Unfortunately, after several months I came down with an extremely bad bout of influenza that winter, and just couldn't wait to get back home to Sydney where I had my own car to drive around in out the weather!
So the next question is, the hundreds of wee quakes around milford sound the last couple years... Is that spot just nice and loose and releiveing its stress in lots of small quakes... or is that symptomatic of where the biggest stress point is in the fault right now?🤣
One would think that whatever infrastructure is located on or near this fault line that the government of the day had better move or abandon it while there is time.
They should have built 30 walls in different places along the fault. Maybe they were unlucky with the placement of that wall and there was no creep in that area. It’s possible statistically!
I know it sounds far fetched but a comparison of NZ earthquake dates to the Pacific North West Cascadia fault to see if there is a pattern, as we are also on a 300 to 500 year earthquake cycle, based on data. Speculation: Maybe the Pacific North West has a big quake and a hand full of years later NZ has a quake, consistently? That would be interesting data. Maybe we too need to build a wall that stops the movement. ;)
maybe if we stop loading the fault up with seismic testing out along our coastlines as has happened, mapping the size of the oil fields that NZ will barely get any royalties off, yet paying the price for every earthquake they have caused
Ironically Vic Uni- Wellington is right at the heart of the fault line. Growing up in Napier just 20 something kilometers away from the Hikurangi Subduction Zone, Ya might say I don't like it when the earth moves under me from experience. No thanks... I now live in Auckland right on top of a nice Volcano , Sssso much better I sleep at night.
There's no such place as "Aotearoa New Zealands South Island." The South Island of New Zealand is otherwise known as Te Waipounamu. Aotearoa is the North Island.
lol I was speaking with some UK tourists in Wellington.., showing me maps of NZ the alpine fault , the hurt calls. Hikurangi, Kermadecs, Tonga.., Mariannias .. , Japan… At no point could they understand the ring of fire…, where they were.., what we were sitting on… It wasn’t real to them…, but another tall story they were being feed..😂
I'm still glad the thousand acre plateau didn't get damned some of the best geological structures in the country. NNW corner even has a helium vent so prolly lots of uranics there I'd imagine.
NACT doesn't agree that fact-based policy has much place in our life here in NZ. Perhaps they think they're exempt, but science tells me this isn't true. Love the irony if nothing else.
Good possible points. Features on the ground (the fault trace with uplift on one side and displaced landforms such as stream beds on either side) as well as different rock types on either side exposed by trenching show the precise location of the fault at the surface in this area. You are right to point out that fault movements (detected by earthquake sources) can sometimes not visibly deform the surface. That's where seismic records can inform us. There have been very few earthquakes at depth along the Alpine Fault compared to say under the North Island. Thanks for your comment!
Horizontal plate motion (collision rate) is something like 3cm per year so 0.03m x 300 years = 9 metres. However some of that movement will be taken up by other deformation (faults) across the landscape, but it gives a ball park idea. In the 2016 Kaikoura quake there were maximum displacements of up to 13m horizontally and almost 10m vertically, so 9m is not out of the question.
So I should probably go back overseas, or move to the north island? Damn I love the alpine region, thinking of the loss of infrastructure, and how inevitable it will be during the next quake makes me incredibly sad. I guess I'll restart my life in the south once the dust settles. Nah, I've moved too much already to end up back in chch, though I was in the PNW, I was screwed eitherway.I better get ready for another seismic event :(
Wasn't the point that they knew that something happened (tectonic plates moving) and wanted to see if it happened now? The only thing they wanted to see with the wall was wether it happened gradually or in bursts. That is a either-or question, which means that if nothing happens then the other option must be true. Unless there is some different way plates can move? I am not an expert. 🤷
@ you can’t prove something from nothing happening, except that nothing happened. They made an either-or question, but there could be a 3rd or 4th explanation that they ignored.
![Blox Fruits Dragon Rework Update [Full Stream]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/EqDAp8udhm0/mqdefault.jpg)
maybe the concrete wall has stopped the fault moving. ;)
The only explanation which makes sense ;-)
We control the climate, so you must be right.
@@RaglansElectricBaboon just remember that old truism "correlation equals causation"
This rapid change in terrain is thought to be the reason Kea are so clever. Apparently, the constantly changing landscape, in evolutionary terms, meant the Kea was constantly having to adjust its way of living and finding food, which made it resourceful and clever...;)
@@umabatata check your wording
With the success of the wall we now need to build huge staple-guns...
😅
Have they tried this in California?
Oil wells
Yeah, we'll have to give Uncle Trev and his mates a call 😅
@@flangekiwiHe’ll have to get the sheep out of the back of the Land Rover first.
Born and raised in the top of the South Island. I've been hearing my whole life we're "very overdue for a BIG one", great to understand it better thanks to your video!
Thanks for your comment!
Great video. I'm a Canterbury geography graduate and while my area was never geology or geomorphology or seismology, living through the Christchurch earthquakes has given me a great appreciation for these sciences.
Thanks for your comment!
I studied dog biscuits and living through earthquakes made me realize aswell how important these sciences are
Same here. My expertise is not in geology but I've always been interested in it. The quakes over Canterbury in those years were fascinating and terrifying. I felt like adrenaline was the only chemical my body could produce. Kaikoura was a particularly fascinating situation and the good people that worked to fix things up there should be publicly commended for what they achieved.
Yea,, i was young when it happened but i still remember how it did and is effecting cantabry.. and yet still not everyone has been payed by insurance still 😕
Tragically, the Darfield quake started a run along the faults towards Chch. If you play the time series then there was an inevitablility to 2011. I often wonder if anyone at GNS or VUW saw the progression happening and tried to raise the alarm. If not then what's the point of stamp collecting data if blooming obvious events are happening?
My Grandfather was part of the team that built the wall mentioned at the start. My Father remembers spending time there as a kid while it was being built. We visited the wall on our last trip down south
How special is that! What a great story to have! ❤
Thanks for sharing that great connection!
fascinating! I heard that it's one of the few man-made objects you can actually see from space.
Great video. The trouble with New Zealand's beautiful landscapes is that they were created by dramatic forces of nature. In NZ, I feel like we are ants that Mother Nature steps on and squashes whenever she feels like it.
I was in Port Villa, Vanuatu when the 7.4 earthquake struck, me and my family was in town when it hit suddenly at lunch time 12:47 p.m. local time VUT, (Interesting Fact The Quake in Vanuatu Struck almost identical time as the Christchurch Quakes back 2011 which happen at 12:51 p.m.) After everything had happen you definitely feel like ants and when Mother Nature comes knocking, there"s nothing we as humans can do, so powerful & quite scary.
I swear NZ has the best geoscience on the planet. Even in the quite geologically fascinating and complex Pacific Northwest (decent geologic analogue to NZ in some ways) only a handful of nerds seem to really care, most are oblivious and many features are criminally understudied (Glacier Peak volcano only has a singular seismometer). We didn't even know about the Cascadia megathrust until like 50 years ago.
I wouldn't go that far to state we have the best geoscience on the planet we are far from it.
@@jase4270
We would go that far. But yes your the typical self hating Kiwi…actually surprised you didn’t have an issue with the narrator saying “Aotearoa”
I live in Northern California and am always interested in the geology and seismic movements! We've had a bunch of swarms in the last month that has been concerning! I don't know if it has been a good thing, and is relieving the tectonic plates, or if this is a sign of something bigger coming!
not to mention how deglaciation 13 ybp shaped the pacific northwest
Auckland has too many volcanoes.
More more more! This is such fascinating content. Highly recommended the deep dive
Thanks!
On a slightly related topic , up North at Coopers beach, famous for it's Miocene plant fossils ,where it once was a swamp forest. But up way above the beach itself along state high way 10 ,there is a site I discovered after a slip ,which is marine/estuary (tiny seashell molds and burrows of shrimp or crap ) lots of sand and fragments of leaves and in the middle of this all is a 3inch thick ancient mud layer with lots of leaves Plus I found to date four Coconuts in the marine sand layers ,so I know it's Miocene .This Marine layers is way way above the beach fossil layers ,so tectonic forces in the past effecting Miocene Northland has left the theses two sites .'Up lift' having the Marine site further inland and 50-60 ft above the Coopers beach level Miocene site today .
You discovered shrimp or crap? Let's hope you meant to say shrimp or crab 🦀 otherwise that's not a story to share amongst polite society 😂
Marine layers way above current sea level could be due to higher ocean levels due to warmer climate at that time, rather than earthquake uplift. Could.
Always fascinating! Many thanks 💗😍
@@caravanlifenz coprolite can be fascinating, but they probably meant crab
Man this is some awesome stuff ! Every time you post I'm discovering amazing new facts about my homeland !
Become a geo then and move to Australia like the rest.
Thanks for your appreciation!
Not knowing when an earthquake is going to happen is comforting - ignorance is bliss. Knowing it’s about to happen is downright scary. Glad I live in Auckland….now about that volcano in the harbour.
oh gosh Aucklands built on a table of volcanos the one in the harbour is the least of Auckland's worry if your not near n.s hospital and I think if akl blew we would end up a 3 island nation instead of a 2 island nation in the pacific
@ Yeah I know. There’s something like 43 volcanic cones around Auckland.
@@robinhodgkinson I hav a daughter that lives under Mt Wellington and works at the airport 🤦🏾♀️ i didn't realise there were so many volcanoes until I watched a documentary a few yrs back... I can't help but wonder why do people create settlements on and around them coz one-day they might wake and shake
Soon after the first Christchurch earthquakes there was a series of devastating tornados in the USA. I posed the question to my work colleagues, "What would be worse, knowing a tornado is coming or not knowing that an earthquake is about to happen?" There was no argument. We all immediately said we would prefer knowing so that we at least had some time to prepare. Living in those days of uncertainty of never knowing day by day, hour by hour when the next one would hit was miserable...and then it did. It was horrible. And then all that uncertainty was back and remained for months/years afterwards!
@@Mylifebyon6424 volcanic soil is great for growing things, i think.
My daughter is seriously considering do the Vic Uni environmental sciences in 2026. She wants to be outdoors and maybe do something useful in the big picture. Hoping this would fit her.
@@JunYamog that's great! Good thinking!
Won't get enough pay afterwards to be able to afford a house. Will need a partner on a decent wage.
@danguee1 She can always go work in Australian mines.
@@danguee1 Follow your curiosity.
May I ask y Vic in particular?
I'm a Canadian and thank you for the interesting video. I live in the centre of Canada and as interesting as it is to learn about the power of geological forces I'm happy living in a region without any major events.
I live on the West coast of Vancouver Island so this video is a little more than a fun fact to me lol
I went to a brilliant seminar presented by AF8, the team responsible for raising awareness of the high chance of a mag8 earthquake, and the info was so well presented. As well as the science of the event, they are also educating about the civil response and our personal responsibility to be prepared. I’ve got my emergency kits, food and water stash all ready for when it happens. Terrifying thought but better to understand it!
@@NZRainbowGillian thanks for sharing!
Not one of the schools I've worked in, or Vic Uni for that matter (ahem) carried out a Shakeout practice. So AF8 is awesome but education is clearly prioritising academic timetables over nature's, which is a tragic bloody error
Great video, presented the information with a great flow that was interesting to watch. Thanks
Cheers!
A small tease of what could happen when the big one hits happened in the Kaikoura 2016 earthquakes. I used to go there a lot before the earthquake and memorised the geographic layouts, but after the earthquake, i saw small islands meters above the ocean, made clear by the difference in colour. I feel the Kaikoura earthquakes is one of the best examples of major fault movement in recent history because of how aggressive it was.
Agreed!
The fault will move 10 metres sideways and 2 metres up in a couple of minutes - scary stuff! The damage will be caused by landslides.
@@AlonsoRules Shortly after I immigrated, a friend of mine told me there was evidence of quakes with lateral movement of 20m.
Me: Good grief! .... Looking on the bright side, I'd always admired my next door neighbours' kitchen.
Him: Unfortunately most of the crockery was broken when it arrived.
Just finished an environmental science degree at University of Canterbury!
Absolutely loved a Geology course we did on Alpine Fault response scenarios.
And the New Zealand government (conservative National coalition) has cut scientific staff with hard budget cuts. There are things for the betterment of a country that you do not and must not cut.
We also have a lot of endangered species and that includes that New Zealand native insects are not in a good way and yet the government slashes funding across the board. Quite shocking really.
@@Mcfreddo not disagreeing with you there!
The government also covers our once stunning county in 1080, one of the most potent insecticides in the world, so clearly native insects are declining and funding is not the problem...
I don't think this Nact government knows where The Waipounamu is. Given the ferry debacle
l live in nz. and the suit wearing lizzies have a fast track bill slated and on the table to PUSH through with no public opinion regarded that will give sign off authority rights to 3x totally unqualified and fascist ministers letting any company into OUR country carte blanche.
There goes all our vast marine reserves, protected native forest ,
nuclear ban , to open armed slander and slaughter with a big 'yes !' to all greedy trans nationals...... mines for OUR minerals ,our gold ,and our resources , and yes to genetic engineering our food .
They are dangerous eco-terrorists and have fallen over on all their election lies and promises.
I believe when a government that is freely elected is this mutinous towards its lands and people there should be an independant body that can then take a vote to tip them out and that should have the mandate to stop them passing any more laws after giving them 3 weeks to clear their traitorous seats.
We do NOT consent ! ! !
Yes I remember in 2011 they wanted to Explore Conservation land for 'Prospective mining opportunities' 😐
Please do a video on the solutions they have come up with, would be great to see.
You are very correct.
But! Very few areas in New Zealand can sustain FTE’s of the magnitude that come out qualified each year in this industry.
R&D in New Zealand is a very small area of work, and although some of it can be incredibly important and rewarding, at the end of the day you just can’t survive on it.
20 years in a particular government dept, watching highly qualified people move overseas due to lack of work is quite depressing.
FTE, Full Time Employment is very hard to come buy, more so under the current political situation.
And just when you think you may have scored yourself a job and settled into a great career, your smartly told by the Banks’ no sorry you can’t have a loan to buy a house as your only on contract work. Yes that lovely R&D position which even though is through the Government (which most are in N.Z) is not deemed full time. Sorry you can’t buy a house.
So many highly talented PhD, Masters……etc have left for overseas.
Can New Zealand fill all those positions in this field every year on full time positions? No! It’s as simple as that, sad but true.
My son was extremely interested in this area of work, but walked away and is going to study medicine simply because the work is just not there.
Thanks for sharing your thoughts!
Dont worry when there is a real pandemic there will be lots of cheap empty houses. A job in medical will be needed.
I would think there's probably some way that geology contract work could be paired with another flexible bread and butter type job?
I am a student at Otago Uni studying chemistry and now geology. The chances of an Alpine Fault rupture during my lifetime are incredibly high and I want to be able to study such an enormous geological event.
Thanks for sharing. Good on you!
I read something about a project called AF8, or Alpine Fault Magnitude 8. It sounds like New Zealand is working to be prepared for a big quake on the Alpine Fault.
Sounds like New Zealand is one of the smarter nations.
Yep - here is the website: af8.org.nz/
Very interesting footage and explanation! Thanks!
Glad you enjoyed it!
I remember when I was an engineering Student at Canterbury university in the early 2000s, my lecturer said, "if there was ever an earthquake in Christchurch, the ground would liquify and all of the tall buildings would fall over. However, that will never happen, because there are no known fault line under Christchurch". I guess he was half right!
@@nzadventurefamily3728 he must have been unaware of the previous earthquakes affecting the city!
@ I didn’t feel any earthquakes while I was studying engineering in Christchurch between 2000 and 2002.
The faults were known and ignored.
Such a good video! We definitely need more Earth scientists. I studied geomorphology in my last year at high school and have been fascinated ever since (although going the Arts route in further studes) Videos like yours are pure gold.
Thanks for the comment!
as a victoria university student, the sudden shoutout to them was like a jumpscare lmao, great video!
🙂
I LOVE this channel! It's so engaging, fascinating, and important! I live in Northern California and am always interested in the geology and seismic movements! We've had a bunch of swarms in the last month that has been concerning! I don't know if it has been a good thing, and is relieving the tectonic plates, or if this is a sign of something bigger coming! Thanks!
Are there any cameras providing continuous video of segments of the faultline ?
If not it seems like it would be a great project to install some. Imagine capturing video of the actual fault moving in a large earthquake.
This right here is a great idea.
Recent government budget cuts, a camera like this would be way down the thingy list.
Good video! As an undergraduate who has studied the geology of Baja California and the Gulf of California. Hearing about this type of research is great.
Thanks!
Great info. Good work Wellington ppl, keep it up.
Thank you for your comment!
videos like these are what make RUclips incredible. Thank you.
Thanks for the compliment!
The scenery here is so magnificent, it feels almost unreal.
It is!
It’s interesting that the gap between quakes is ~300 years. The Cascadia Subduction Zone also seems to have a similar devastating regularity of M8-9 level quakes with resulting tsunamis. Both areas are also stunningly beautiful 😢
@@calicocritterscrafts886 thanks for your comment!
I studied geology back in 1977 for a few years, then moved into hydrology.
But I still have a photo album of various rock formations from a geological class trip to northwest Nelson.
I also come from Napier with my parents being in the 1931 Earthquake.
Really interesting topic, albeit a slowly happening one, well.until.it happens!😮
Always excellent summary presentations!! ❤
First time I haven't been super annoyed by an in-video ad!
You have thick skin I’ve hatted every one of them.
@@daleolson3506 Well I mean it's for a university research department, not the usual companies
Said one mountain range to the other: "It's not my fault!"
@@myblueocean2 🙂
The best part of this video is your comment.
An unusual presentation - which i appreciate. My reflexive (and personally asinine) reaction to it is to feel proud of the work you all do and the knowledge you enrich us with... ever rolling back The Veil. Fun fact: it's people like you, all over the world, that provide me with the possibility to occasionally say something sensible. All the very best from Mt Messenger, Taranaki.
:-) Cheers!
For anyone considering studying at Victoria University of Wellington, do it! Its a great university
It is!
Love this channel, thank you for your efforts :)
Our pleasure!
keep up the good work, love learning this..thankyou for sharing.
1:25 There is evidence of 100 metre waves hitting the Beecroft Peninsula in New South Wales, Australia - huge boulders thrown on top of cliffs.
Excellent video. Perfect for my Grade 6 Earth Sciences program,
That's great!
Moved to the north of the North Island already, no more e-quakes for me. Only volcanoes, floods, tsunamis or SUVs can hit me now, whew! ;)
The wall is wonderful. Very helpful. Alas, the fault is going to unzip at some stage in the next few decades nomatter what structures people build. Nature, when all is said and done, is stronger than we are.
The experts tell us that it will be around mag 8 and since 2017 has been about due. I know the government, and the experts such as those at Victoria, are preparing for Kiwis to make the best resonse possible, but to the best of my very limited knowledge, that "when and at what point on the Alpine Fault" things will happen, is a very major problem for us all. Videos like this that help to inform us all are very helpful, 🙏 thanks.
Thanks for your comment
Awesome video. We may not have all the poisonous creepy crawlies and maneating monsters, but obviously, we are sitting on a timebomb.😮😢
The last major shift was
Inangahua early 70s
And kaikoura more recently
Whether those count as significant in the predictions as say a warning shot of the magnitude of whats to come it would be nice to know
We should research ways of constructing infrastructure which must cross the fault, not so that it can't be damaged, but rather so it can more easily be rebuilt to serve for the next few centuries of stability.
I'm thinking of the giant U-bends in the steam pipes ay Wairakei which cope with expansion and contraction. Put all utilities into aerial mode for the fault crossing, instead of having to dig them up, etc. Roads could have branches pre-built aligned to connect after the fault moves, etc. Most of the infrastructure runs SW-NE anyway, not a lot crosses the fault.
The earthquake that devastated Canterbury in 2011 was 6.3, caused nearly 200 deaths and cost more than $13 billion NZD (8 billion USD, 6.7 billion GBP). Estimated total economic cost is $300 billion.
A size 8.0 earthquake is 1000 times stronger.
Interesting video . Having said that however, you can study as much as you like and spend as much as you can lay hands on but there is nothing you can do to change what Mother nature has in store, this is the way.
True enough, but still worth knowing the possibility of what could occur, in order to be best prepared. Thanks for your comment.
Yes. Lived on the Coast as did my ancestors and attended seminars about the faultline. Nothing we can do to stop it, but, the Coast IS well prepared, but of course it won't be enough. However,they are far more prepared than LA was for its fires. They knew it was only a matter of time but did nothing. The Coast is ready for it,but,unlike the fires,there is nothing they can do to stop it.
I'm currently at Mt Cook and trying to familiarise myself with the South Island. Thank you for the information, will make for some great talking points at breakfast this morning.
@@23bballrox have a great time!
Kind of a similar situation here in washington, massive earthquake due here soon. Though its due to the fact that we sit on top of a plate subduction zone instead of slip fault.
Catastrophe due, January 20, 2025 !!
The West Coast will require massive assistance. Hopefully the navy will have some vessels left in order to help out.
They always need assistance with the rainfall it gets always slips and flooding.
Yes - I watched this thinking my sister living in Granity is going to require massive assistance when the big one occurs.
The BIG one won't just smash the West coast, it'll be nation/S.I. wide.
Marginal Sudetic Fault in Poland looks on maps very similar. It is 300 km long.
Sauron's forces captured Gollum before his cave collapsed on top of The Ring.
Thank you for another insightful lesson on our home 🥰
Cheers!
Love the west coast but everytime i go there i think is it time...imagine it...or even travelling through the southern alps during the event...
Tsunami risk too...
This is circumstantial evidence to the existence of the younger dryas impact event hypothesis.
Very cool.
Ok, can you please inform me what the filters on top of the ice at 4:15 are for? Is it just for photographic effect?
maybe what happens to ice if it gets exposed to different colors
They were to study the effect of different colours on the microbes in the sea ice
Stuff like this only makes me love Seismology more and more.
Sucks I can't enroll cause I'm too dumb and too poor, but at least fathoming what gets said in these videos is good.
You are watching this video, how does that make you dumb?
@paulmarker5689 What? No, the video doesn't make me dumb.
I couldn't pay attention in school because of some nasty mental health issues, but Seismology has me hooked. Unfortunately, I missed out on years of key education and development, so I can't enroll in any institution that teaches that subject.
@mrquackadoodlemoo the requirements are different for mature students than those going straight from school to university. Why not have another look, even if it is to do one paper at a time. Studying as an adult is a lot different than as a teenager at school because you have to be there.
21st Century New Zealand should have an army being trained and equipped to deal with the inevitable fallout from this and any other catastrophic, predictable event. Trained search and rescue, water engineers, helicopter pilots with heavy lift equipment....trained/in training, ready to go, all geared up.
We are the masters of shoulda, would, coulda - Reactive not proactive...
It's exactly such preparations this research will help to inform
Actually, I really regretted not taking the opportunity back in 1982 to leave my jewellery manufacturing trade back in 1982 to work at something else, so I highly recommend that young, (and mature-age), student take advantage of the unique fields of research that New Zealand offers.
Although the job I was offered was managing a daffodil farm, it was a wage instead of sub-contracted low paid piece-work in an industry hit by a recession (that's the reason the company's boss sent me to work in his Auckland workshop so as not to lose me), but I could've gone on to study at university to become involved in this exciting field of research.
Obtaining a similar tertiary degree in geology or science in this area back in Australia may certainly have led to a reasonably well paid job in mining, but not the sort of exciting research that NZ would've offered!
Unfortunately, after several months I came down with an extremely bad bout of influenza that winter, and just couldn't wait to get back home to Sydney where I had my own car to drive around in out the weather!
Well presented. Very informative. Thank you.👍👍👍🇦🇺🇦🇺
Thanks for your appreciation!
Fascinating. That regularity is scary.
Yes - but also helpful in terms of forecasting!
@@OutThereLearning Indeed, I'm scared of the coming forecast.
Could an event on the Hikurangi subduction zone trigger the Alpine fault or vice versa ?
That is a million dollar question!
@@OutThereLearning. Surely similar soil sampling of the Hikurangi fault , either correlates or does not Corelate with the alpine fault
Was the Murchison earthquake of 1929 and Inangahua earthquake of 1968 not on the alpine fault ?
I lived through that one 🙂
So the next question is, the hundreds of wee quakes around milford sound the last couple years... Is that spot just nice and loose and releiveing its stress in lots of small quakes... or is that symptomatic of where the biggest stress point is in the fault right now?🤣
Just learned that straight line faults are supposed to be much more violent than others.
I live almost on top of the fault line and I'm honestly horrified for when it does go off
One would think that whatever infrastructure is located on or near this fault line that the government of the day had better move or abandon it while there is time.
There is a whole town built straddling the Alpine fault.
Your pronunciation is really good bro 👌
🙂
The Alpine fault going, is a key part of my first home ownership plan.
They should have built 30 walls in different places along the fault. Maybe they were unlucky with the placement of that wall and there was no creep in that area. It’s possible statistically!
I know it sounds far fetched but a comparison of NZ earthquake dates to the Pacific North West Cascadia fault to see if there is a pattern, as we are also on a 300 to 500 year earthquake cycle, based on data. Speculation: Maybe the Pacific North West has a big quake and a hand full of years later NZ has a quake, consistently? That would be interesting data.
Maybe we too need to build a wall that stops the movement. ;)
maybe if we stop loading the fault up with seismic testing out along our coastlines as has happened, mapping the size of the oil fields that NZ will barely get any royalties off, yet paying the price for every earthquake they have caused
Humanity might well need many Earth Scientists but who is going to feed them?
Just how straight is that straight line, exactly??? :-D
Fair question - close-up on the ground it has lots of bends and off-sets!
I’d thoroughly recommend studying earth sciences at Otago
Also a great option!
Ironically Vic Uni- Wellington is right at the heart of the fault line. Growing up in Napier just 20 something kilometers away from the Hikurangi Subduction Zone, Ya might say I don't like it when the earth moves under me from experience. No thanks... I now live in Auckland right on top of a nice Volcano , Sssso much better I sleep at night.
Rangitoto, ( Bloody Skies ) is 50 years behind schedule to blow again. Thankfully it shows no signs of waking up !!
Good work..
Thanks
Tell me where I can find untouched gold please.
🙂
There's no such place as "Aotearoa New Zealands South Island." The South Island of New Zealand is otherwise known as Te Waipounamu. Aotearoa is the North Island.
@@itschrissie4352 thank you
great video.
Thanks!
I'm going to New Zealand in April next year. I hope I'm not there when it happens.
lol I was speaking with some UK tourists in Wellington.., showing me maps of NZ the alpine fault , the hurt calls. Hikurangi, Kermadecs, Tonga.., Mariannias .. , Japan…
At no point could they understand the ring of fire…, where they were.., what we were sitting on… It wasn’t real to them…, but another tall story they were being feed..😂
Thanks, tip top as always
Thank you!
hypothetical question with an unlimited budget what would be some top of the list research areas to investigate or gadgets to focus on?
Great question and I'll have to ask around before I can answer!
I'm still glad the thousand acre plateau didn't get damned some of the best geological structures in the country. NNW corner even has a helium vent so prolly lots of uranics there I'd imagine.
Would this earthquake affect the Wellington region?
You bet it can, it's all on the same line.
If the rupture is from South to North Wellington will be more strongly shaken than vice versa.
1:20 Or...or...the wall is not actually over the fault.
4:14 What solution do you propose to two tectonic plates moving against one another? GMAB
The solutions are related to how we prepare for earthquakes! lol
Awesome Vic sponsored the video! Just a shame they cut the Geophysics programme 😢
NACT doesn't agree that fact-based policy has much place in our life here in NZ. Perhaps they think they're exempt, but science tells me this isn't true. Love the irony if nothing else.
Thanks for your comment
Maybe the wall isn't on the fault, or maybe the fault movement doesn't always occur very close to the surface......
It was a pretty big wall tho
Good possible points. Features on the ground (the fault trace with uplift on one side and displaced landforms such as stream beds on either side) as well as different rock types on either side exposed by trenching show the precise location of the fault at the surface in this area.
You are right to point out that fault movements (detected by earthquake sources) can sometimes not visibly deform the surface. That's where seismic records can inform us. There have been very few earthquakes at depth along the Alpine Fault compared to say under the North Island.
Thanks for your comment!
Would the Alpine 'unzip' surrounding faults like Kaikoura did?
A Richter 8 earthquake is going to generate a lot of horizontal movement.
I wonder what the average metre travel was
Horizontal plate motion (collision rate) is something like 3cm per year so 0.03m x 300 years = 9 metres. However some of that movement will be taken up by other deformation (faults) across the landscape, but it gives a ball park idea. In the 2016 Kaikoura quake there were maximum displacements of up to 13m horizontally and almost 10m vertically, so 9m is not out of the question.
@@OutThereLearning Thanks
I was in Christchurch when the earthquakes cost 188 lives , I really dont want
to want to suffer and 8 or above >
So I should probably go back overseas, or move to the north island? Damn I love the alpine region, thinking of the loss of infrastructure, and how inevitable it will be during the next quake makes me incredibly sad. I guess I'll restart my life in the south once the dust settles. Nah, I've moved too much already to end up back in chch, though I was in the PNW, I was screwed eitherway.I better get ready for another seismic event :(
The tsunami scares me the most
Yep - if your at the coast get out of the way as soon as you feel a long or strong shake!
your Te Reo is 👍🏼👍🏼 thankyou ❤❤
Thanks :-)
1:20 huge logical fallacy. You can’t collect evidence from nothing happening, unless that evidence is that nothing happens.
Uh, yes you can? They know the mass moves, and the experiment provides evidence as to one of the two hypothesised ways it moves.
Wasn't the point that they knew that something happened (tectonic plates moving) and wanted to see if it happened now?
The only thing they wanted to see with the wall was wether it happened gradually or in bursts. That is a either-or question, which means that if nothing happens then the other option must be true.
Unless there is some different way plates can move? I am not an expert. 🤷
@ you can’t prove something from nothing happening, except that nothing happened.
They made an either-or question, but there could be a 3rd or 4th explanation that they ignored.
That's right.
The fault moves. It either moves abruptly in sudden events, or gradually or a combination of the two.
Awesome vid
Thank you!