Can Iranians Understand Middle Persian (Sassanid Era Persian)?
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- Опубликовано: 10 май 2024
- Can Iranians understand Middle Persian, the Sassanid Era (3rd-7th Century) Persian language?
آیا ایرانیان فارسی میانه یا پهلوی (زبان فارسی دوره ساسانیان) را متوجه میشوند؟
Middle Persian (Pahlavi) was the official language of the Sassanid Empire (ساسانیان), who referred to themselves as the "Empire of Iranians", locally called Iranshahr (ایرانشهر). For over 4 centuries they ruled over a vast territory which at its greatest extent encompassed most of the Middle East, Anatolia, and the Caucasus, and stretched into North Africa, Central Asia, and parts of present-day India and China.
Middle Persian is also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪) and is descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire.
In this video, Pouya will read several sentences in Middle Persian, while Mahya and Naghmeh (Persian speakers from Iran) will see how well they can understand.
Mahya's RUclips channel: @mahya_polyglot
Mahya's Instagram: / mahya_polyglot
Naghmeh's Instagram: / naghmehnameh
If you speak a language that we have not featured before and would like to participate in a future video please follow and message us on Instagram: / bahadoralast
The Sassanid Empire collapsed during the early Muslim conquests in the 7th century, and with it Middle Persian evolved into modern Persian. This change was, however, very gradual and for a centuries after the fall of the Sassanids, Middle Persian was still in use. But by the 10th century, Middle Persian was only used by Zoroastrian priests for religious purposes and the language used by locals had experienced significant changes, such as the change of the initial "w" sounds to either "b" or "g", changes in the verbal system, Arabic loanwords replacing many Aramaic loanwords and native Persian terms, as well as the substitution of the Arabic script for Pahlavi Middle Persian script, a change which was actually initiated by a native Iranian dynasty, the Tahirids.
The Persian language (Farsi) is an ancient language which has had a huge amount of impact on other languages and cultures, mainly the Middle East, as well as Central and South Asia. Classified as one of the Western Iranian languages, Persian holds official status in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan. Persian has strongly influenced many different languages, including numerous Turkic languages, as well as well as Armenian, Georgian, and many languages in the Indian subcontinent. Persian has a long history of literature and it was notable for being the first language in the Muslim world to break through Arabic's monopoly on writing. The Persian language has also influenced the Arabic language, although the impact of Arabic on Persian has been higher. But the influence of Persian in the Muslim world has been strong since the early days of Islam. It was even established as a court tradition instead of Arabic under many ruling Muslim dynasties.
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Can Iranians understand Middle Persian, the Sassanid Era (3rd-7th Century) Persian language?
Hope you enjoy this video as we take a look at the Middle Persian (Pahlavi) language, which was the official language of the Sassanid Empire, who referred to themselves as the "Empire of Iranians". Although for over 4 centuries they ruled over a vast territory which at its greatest extent encompassed most of the Middle East, Anatolia, and the Caucasus, and stretched into North Africa, Central and South Asia, the Sassanid Empire collapsed during the early Muslim conquests in the 7th century, and with it Middle Persian eventually evolved into modern Persian. This change was, however, very gradual, and for centuries after the fall of the Sassanids, Middle Persian was still in use, and continues to be used today by Zoroastrian priests for religious purposes. By the 10th century, the language had experienced clear changes, such as the initial "w" sounds changing to either "b" or "g", changes in the verbal system, Arabic loanwords being used instead of many Aramaic loanwords and native Persian terms, as well as the substitution of the Arabic script for the Pahlavi Middle Persian script, a change which was actually initiated by a native Iranian dynasty, the Tahirids. So how well can Persian speakers today can understand the language of their ancestors from over 15 centuries ago?
Mahya's RUclips channel: ruclips.net/channel/UCJxooc6Ivso_YAQF7ttVFmQ
Mahya's Instagram: instagram.com/mahya_polyglot/
Naghmeh's Instagram: instagram.com/naghmehnameh/
If you speak a language that we have not featured before and would like to participate in a future video please follow and message us on Instagram: instagram.com/bahadoralast/
More Amharic again
@Bahador Alast Can you do the same sort of thing but with either Vedic Sanskrit or Classical Sanskrit? Maybe have speakers of modern Punjabi/Hindi/Bengali/Marathi/etc try to guess meaning. OR, to make things more interesting, have a speaker of Avestan go at it with a Vedic Sanskrit speaker(prolly would be 2 PhDs lol)
Ayo thank you
Sassanid - A great empire indeed. Btw you mentioned it included parts of present day India. That I am almost sure it did not. Present-day Pakistan yes though.
@@tatvafnu6604 Sassanid culture influence extend to India also and the empire consist of territories which was part of India prior to British plan to partition.
i'm berber from Algeria and big respect to persians who protected their language from arabization
Love Amazigh people, languages and culture from Iran
@Arif false, berbers are between brown and white, they are native north africans, check Mechta Afalou man.
Persians didn't. Persian still uses Arabic's script and many of the arabic loan words. However persian can replace those arabic words using it's pure words
@@DZRESPECT It is good that Berbers keep their language. Arabic loanwords is a normal thing for Middle Eastern languages. But complete forgetting a language and switching to another is very bad. Unfortunately, Ancient Egyptians after Arabic conquest started to hate their own language and thought it is inferior compared with Arabic, and forgot it completely, and started speaking only Arabic.
Tanmirth brother. I'm Persian and big respect to Algerians.
What a cool and unique video! Iran's history and Persian culture is so rich.
Much love and huge repsect for our ancient rivals and current friends from Greece 🇬🇷
Much love to our Greek cousins 🇮🇷 🇬🇷 ❤️ our rivalry was between family.
Also, from what I understand archaic Greek and old Iranian were linguistically still very close, i.e Homeric and Avestan (even Sanskrit)
i persia ke i ellas ekhun tin palean historian tu kosmu! Viva Ellas ke i Persia!
After 2500 years , sorry for all the wars!! We love you all!
Ζήτω η Ελλάδα. Πλούσια είναι και η ελληνική ιστορία 😄
@@Mokh7777 Much love indeed. Greeks have a beautiful and timeless history and culture just like Iranians. Well said
@@arman11236 this word Ζήτω that you wrote must be cognate to the Persian word zendé
Good luck! Salam from Uzbekistan 🇺🇿 to our persian friends 🇮🇷
Hi tnx
Uzbak ha kiri mano nistan, haramzadan
"Fradom" in Middle Persian is cognate with Sanskrit prathama, we are using in Hindi today प्रथम (pratham). You said it correctly sir. Fantastic connection.
Sanskrit Rig Veda and ancient old Avestan are pretty much the same Aryan language of different dialects. One would need to study just one to fully understand the other. The only major difference is the “S” to “H/Kh” phonetic shift, i.e Sindh=>Hindh
Cool story bro, we get it
@@OfficialShadowKing you mad bro?
@@OfficialShadowKing what do you mean? are you interested in cognate relationships?
Hindustan and persian are very very similar words same root
That's really cool! Armenian vocabulary has been influenced by Middle Iranian languages, particularly Parthian! It would be so cool if you can do a comparison between Armenian of today with Parthian language!
Love and respect for our lovely Iranian neighbors from Armenia 🇦🇲🇮🇷
I would find also cool if we did a video of Armenian speakers understanding Urartian. That would be dope.
@@elizaa.367 Yes!!!
Arminian is one of the Indo-European languages that are derived from a common source, therefore sharing the similar vocabularies (with some sort of diversity)
🇮🇷🇦🇲
Love you too for Iran
As a Kurd it wasn't really hard for me to understand most of it,and "EZ"is still being used in kurmanji Kurdish
Za/Ze/Zo in Pashto
I know that Ossetians still use it too: Æz
I’d love to see them do Ossetian and Kurmanji. Or Kurmanji and Pamiri
@@Mokh7777 or Kurdish with Pestum
Armenian “indz”
I wanna thank 1. Zarathustra 2. Vologases l of Parthian 3. Ardashir l of Sassanid 4. Ferdowsi for keeping this amazing language alive through History.
Didn't Zarathustra spoke an eastern branch of the Iranic language? Zorostrianism uses mainly Avestan (which is an eastern Iranic language) as a literary language and not Persian.
@@nawoxare5194 correct, consider Avestan and vedic languages as direct cousins
@@nawoxare5194 depending on the theory because the only examples we have of Avestan were written down during Sassanid times, possibly Parthian. Which would have been awhile after Avestan became extinct. There’s technically two types of Avestan. Old Avestan spoken by Zarathustra and Young Avestan by the later priesthood. I think the more popular theory is Old Avestan was the predecessor to Old Persian and Young Avestan. It is also debatable whether young avestan was the predecessor to old Persian. But I think the more popular idea is that they existed at the same time. I personally don’t think that’s likely. But Old Persian is so similar to avestan that it has to be derived. So I think it’s most likely that old Avestan preceded Old Persian
@@JavidShah246 What does that say? Mahrdat? What does that mean?
@@servantofaeie1569 its pronounced “Mithrdàt” in middle persian language and it refers to Parthian king of kings Mihrdâd the Great( the 6th Ashk) its also translated to Mithridates in modern texts.
The Middle Persian language is awesome! Love Iran and farsi from China! 🇨🇳 ❤ 🇮🇷
🇮🇷💚🇨🇳
Wtf 🤨
Sassanid was Kurdish
no, it wa iranian
@@ghskrstankumz6199 It's the ancestor to both Kurdish and modern Persian
خیلی خوبه که مردم دنیا رو با زبانمون آشنا میکنید
In Bulgarian - (even in 21th century) we tell "I" - аз (Az), "Me" - мен (man).
As an Armenian, seeing written Middle Persian/Parsig and Parthian/Pahlavi is like seeing a random stranger in the street and assuming they are of the same or similar background as me...like seeing a long lost cousin you never met. Especially when I see the "-agan/-akan" suffixes (I know my fellow Kurds can relate to this real well haha). You got to love and appreciate the influence Iranian languages like Parsig/Pahlavi have had on Armenian. It just makes it more interesting and fun for us linguist geeks. I remember my first discovery of these cultural/linguistic relationships. Fell in love and have been obsessed with Iranic studies ever since. Wish I had more Iranian friends, it's a blessing.
Great work & content as always guys! Afarin Bahador jan, xaste nabashid.
Actually Armenians and Iranians are literally like cousins
We love our Armenian cousins dearly and we’re so proud and grateful to them for all their contributions ❤️🇦🇲
I am an Iranian and currently leave in Armenia. My experience living here always reminds me of Sassanid Iran if it was not fallen to the Islamic Conquest. We would keep to have more or less similar language and identity.
We really need more videos like this. So good to see the ancient Persian words that are still used. Thank you guys
As a native Armenian speaker, I could understand khrad (խրատ - khrat), which means advice in Armenian. The siffux -agan (ական - akan) is also familiar to me. We use it like the -ian or -al in English. Ex: իրանական բժշկական դպրոց Iranakan bzhshkakan dprots - Iranian medical school.
Этот суффикс имеется и в нашем осетинском языке в виде -Он. Например : Кӕсгон( кабардинец) ,Мӕхьӕлон ( ингуш)
Кстати и суффикс -akan в несколько видоизмененной форме также присутствует в осетинском в форме -ag..
Гуырдзиаг( грузин)
Сомихаг ( армянин)
Cool
Armenians should see how much Parthian they can understand
Armenian language was influenced by old Persian. Armenians used to practice Zoroastrian before their conversion to Christianity. In fact, there are more than 250 old Persian (Avesta/Pahlavi) words in Armenian that are not used much in Persian anymore! Thank you for saving our language. Jan, Ian, pardis, Parsig....
This is awesome. Great work, mate!
Please continue this series Bahador jan! We need to understand the origins of our present Parsi!
This channel is from the beautiful part of this world. Much love from Turkey ❤️😊
This was the best video you've ever uploaded i believe🤯
Pouya spared us the difficulties of the Pahlavi script. Pahlavi script was based on Aramaic, and some words were written in Aramaic but read in Persian (e.g. write "mlka", read "shah"). In some stages of the script, some letters were indistinguishable.
Persian changed very slowly. Old Armenian, which was first written in the 400s, borrowed lots of words from Middle Persian. Old Persian, which had its own cuneiform alphabet, was spoken centuries earlier during the Achaemenid dynasty.
Armenian has the most borrowing from Parthian (Northwestern Iranian)
Persian cultures, writing, architecture base on Semitic cultures.. the style of building, merlon, writing scripts
pahlavi language is for pahlav peple or parthians sassanid are persian and speak midle persian language
Aramaic itself is derived from the Iranic hittite's alphabet. The script which parts of avesta such as Mitra Yasht is written in predates Aramaic and Pahlavi is direct derivative of it.
@@safuwanfauzi5014 It's the complete opposite. Iran has an Aryan culture which is the total opposite of semitic culture. There is absolutely no similarities between the two, and if there is some, its semitic culture being influenced by antient Aryan culture of Iran.
Love our brothers 🇦🇲❤️🇮🇷
Iranian Armenian Part 2 I Waiting Bahador 🙏🏽
Part 1 was ❤️❤️❤️❤️
@@jsuisheureux1425 ❤️❤️
Finally,was looking for a video like this
Persian really hasn't changed much compared to other languages like English or French. Some languages are completely different now from 500 years ago.
P.S: there's a war between northern and Southern Indians in the replay section not related to my comments, carry on with your scrolling :)
Old Persian is very different tho. Generally Ancient Iranic languges are not understandable anymore to us. Middle Iranian is very similar still tho
@@IranAzadLoading I'm from India and I can understand Old Persian (Language of the Achaemenids) perfectly
@@Shahanshah101 how?
@@IranAzadLoading Bcz I know Sanskrit too and Sanskrit is very much similar to Avestan and Old Persian
@@Shahanshah101 that is true. Its close to Avestan aswell.
Thank you so much: I have been asking to see a video like this for so long. It seems to me the same difference from Modern to Ancient Greek! Wow!
I really enjoyed your perfect conversation. I'd been actually waiting for it since I subscribed your channel , 2 years ago . Thank you for sharing the great content you've ever made. Hamed, a polyglot ever enthusiastic for learning and training
Bahador. This is the best video you have made so far. 10/10 bravo. This takes so much knowledge to produce. Your content is getting more and more complex.
@Bahador Is Pouya a philologist-linguist or historian or something?
This is a great concept, Bahador can really expand on this on different languages lost to history
Omg Bahador! You did it wow! Afarin!!! Amazing vid very educational and insightful
Nicely done folks! That's very cool 👍👍
This video is great I really enjoy watching and learning about the middle Persian and it was the first time I saw that there are similarities between Pahlavi Parsi and German, it really blowed my mind and it's great tbh 😅
Anyways thanks a billion for this great video I really loved it hope to see more content like this 😊❤️💙
Iranians have such a long history, i deeply respect that. :)
Half of that deep long history belongs to Kurdish people too.
@@user-ky7jx1cr5k Bro back then there were no "Kurds". Heck the meaning itself means tent-dweller. I recommend you guys to read Ferdowsi to understand how Iranian history works...💀
@@Iranvardan Kurdish people did exist it’s just that we don’t have records of their language until the 16th century
@@user-ky7jx1cr5k Kurds are an Iranian people so obviously Iranian history belongs to them. This is common sense.
Great video ❤️
Can't wait for part 2
آفرین بچه ها 🤩 فوق العاده بود 👏👏
INTRIGUING WORK BY AMAZING PEOPLE. My late father was a professor of Chemical Engineering at Tehran university and was one of the original leaders and participants in the Farhangestan Melli Zaban back in Pahlavi's time. He would have been so proud of you guys. Bravo Pooya & Bahador!!
Thanks for the wonderful video ,
Very interesting video, thank you Bahador 🤗
I really enjoyed it
Pahlavi, the script of Middle Persian, was originally referred to the language spoken by the Parthians, and later came to be applied to the script used to write Middle Persian, which was derived from the Aramaic alphabet. Middle Persian Pahlavi script was derived from Aramaic independently, although Inscriptional MP Pahlvi is similar to Inscriptional Parthian Pahlavi.
Book Pahlavi, the most common form of the script, was a complicated writing system with 12 characters representing 24 sounds. The matter was further complicated by the wide-spread use of ligatures, heterograms, and attaching of the letters. One unique feature of Pahlavi orthography is the use of Aramaic "heterograms" to render many common Pahlavi words. For example, the Pahlavi word for "king", shah, was written as MLKA, recognizable as the Aramaic word for "king" cognate with contemporary Arabic malik, but it was intended to be pronounced as shah. Using heterograms was also applied to verbs, where Pahlavi person-number agreement and tense markers were appended to an Aramaic third-person masculine singular present verb. Many extremely common nouns, verbs, and even function words were subject to heterographic writing. In its later forms, attempts were made to improve the alphabet by adding diacritics and signs to the letters. Since no actual Pahlavi book has survived from the Sasanian period, we are left with medieval copies and have no way of knowing whether these improvements happened under the Sasanian rule or in the post-Islamic era. After the fall of the Sasanians, the Pahlavi script, as well as Middle Persian language, was preserved by the Zoroastrian clergy and scholars and was used to compose new pieces of literature.
Thank you for this educated comment!👌
Last time i read about mlkan mlka being written, but pronounced as shahansha was ten years ago, thx for bringing this memory back!
Sassanian books have all survived but they are all kept in Vatican library not open to public. After all Rome was the main architect of islam and the one that directed the invasion of persia by muslims.
@@ampm9771lol
Rome is the architecture of Islam?are you out of your mind?
I like the way he tells us the history of the language in addition to just making the comparisons 👍.
Omg! The best time cuz I just was thinking about that and willing content about Pahlawi language
Beautiful 🥰 video!
Wow I was really surprised as as a caspi gilak it's very similar to our language here
Nice job bahador love your videos
Actually Gilaki , Kurdish and luri must be more similar to pahlavi rather than today persian, I think some parts of what we know today as "fars" provinces in Iran used to speak pahlavi or some dialect of it , in some rural regions of Isfahan people still speak the same language ,I think in hormozi language peoole speak the same way as well
@@meggieqin8496 Yes because this groups resisted against arabs conquest and won
This was very educational. I had never heard Middle Persian before.
AH LOVE this!! ❤️
I am impressed with Iranians so much because I have not come across many nations who are this much aware, connected to and passionate about their ancient culture and history.
The girl with the Hijab is an Arab. She is not Iranian.
@@hmi1601 stop making shit up just cause you're triggered by her hijab
@@samb2 Unfortunately most Iranians would be triggered
@@hmi1601
You're conflating ethnicity with nationality. There are Arab, Kurdish, and Turkish as well as many other Iranians; not all Iranians are Persians. Only about 61% of Iranians are Persian, and if you take Mazandaranis and Gilakis out, it drops to 54%.
@@piruz3243 she's an Iraqi shia immigrant. She's not Iranian.
Cool video, I think it would be even more interesting if you added also text in modern Persian language and read it, to show how Persian evolved throughout the history. Greetings from Poland!
I love the Flag of *Sassanid Empire*
(Derafsh Kaviani)
Love Êranshâhr from Hindugan/Hindustan
😍😍😍❤️❤️
@@descendedofrigvedicclans2216 Turks? Bro it's the Achaemenid Persian called India as Hindustan
@@descendedofrigvedicclans2216 *The Zoroastrian dynasty of Sasan or the Great Sasanian Empire (224-651 CE) used to called India as Hindugan and Hindustan*
@@descendedofrigvedicclans2216 I can give you many evidances
@@descendedofrigvedicclans2216 Evidence no. 1 ruclips.net/video/aJvVKzbMBk4/видео.html ( This is a Sad poem of hope made few decades after the conquest of Sasanian Empire by the Muslim Arabs and this poem is made by the Zoroastrian Persian who were suffering from the Muslim brutality this song is in Middle Persian language the lingua franca of Sasanid Persia)
P.S. (The poem will start at 1:40 in that) video
Keep going bro. 👌👌👌👌🌹🌹❤️
Thanks for this. Can you do one with Achaemenid Persian as well please? It’s amazing how much of the zend-avastha i can understand but very little of pehlavi and modern
Thank you for this program. It was educational. Will it be possible for you to compare Parthian-Pahlavi with the classical Persian that we speak today in Iran as well?
This was super interesting, please do another one on Old Persian, that would be fun to watch and guess as you go along
It's even easier to see the cognates of the pronoun "Az" in Balto-Slavic languages, especially in South Slavic where it's identical or almost identical.
Like ‘Ez’ for ‘I’ in Kurmanji Kurdish:)
AZ in Bulgarian is I. In other Slavic languages I is Ya. Az sam - I am. Men is me. Bulgarian has a lot of words similar to Iranic languages.
@@Bayganu No, ya is only in some Slavic languages, very modern East, West, and Serbo-Croatian, it is still az/jaz in Slovenian, Macedonian, older dialects. And also in Baltic languages, Latvian es and Lithuanian aš.
@@noamto Macedonian is practically a dialect of Bulgarian. In Serbo Croation I is Ja
AZ, на иронском, осетинском я
Good to know about middle Persian language
This was wonderful, Bahador. Some of my research on some imaginative 20th century Latin American literature touches on Persian history, and literature, starting from the name of Bardiya on the Behistun Inscription, and includes missing texts, like Hazar Afsana which became the Thousand and One Nights in an Arabic translation, and also the Avesta and the Shahnameh, and other 11th and 12th century Persian poetry. To read about Pahlavi is one thing but to hear it pronounced is a special treat. For the past few weeks I have been on this topic for quite a few hours a day, so this video came at a perfect time. Thank you!
Interesting thank you
خیلی جالب بود. من هم حدس میزدم . دستتون درد نکنه.
BIG LOVE FROM ROMANIA♥️♥️
Would love to see stuff like this for other languages, maybe even English!
Though I can't help but wonder if Middle English might still be too similar to modern English for this purpose, and/or Old English too dissimilar to modern English for said purpose as well. (And I say this knowing that only the earliest varieties of Old English were even contemporary to the latter part of the Middle Persian period)
I love your content. I hope the video is in Arabic and Russian and some words of Arabic origin are similar ♥️♥️♥️
both you girls are amazing to be able to guess these OMG LOL. well done :)
Wonder if you'd be able to organize this with Ancient Greek 😁🇬🇷
I believe contemporary Greek has not changed a great deal from ancient Greek.
Good to hear...
Made with Dravidan language also..
All languages are fluid, taking on new words, meanings and in transition all the time throughout their existence. However, it's amazing to see how some languages preserve so much to be able to have a good degree of intelligibility after so many centuries!
I am actually astounded by the fact that Middle Persian here is often compared to German, also the consonant clusters.
Iranian language is the base of quite all European languages.
@@behappy75003 Not really 🙄
@@GRosa
Dear Gabriel,
My attention was to say the origin of European people and languages.
For me we are all earth's children...
No racism, no nationalism...
But we are are all curious..so if study the origin of the human civilisations, languages, the rest and trace of their civilised life, all come from middle east ( great Iran or Persia) the name is not matter.
The first and more are the family's words.
For example :
Mader in Iranian >> gives: mother, mutter, maderi, made, mère.... Etc...
Pedar, Baba, pear >> gives :
Père, Baba, Papa,... Etc..
Doghtar, Dekhter, give :
Daughter, tokhter, tokht.. Etc...
Brader, Bradar, give:
All in different European languages...
Bruder, Brather, Bradi... Etc
As you see the origine of a river is the source... As well as all the religions :
The oldest cross in the word is in today's iran, many thousands years before Jesus or other Gurus...
Through the immigration we change genetically and evolution of languages...
There no tangible proof of the fact we are from Africa...
Tx for your answer.
Chat to you soon.
@@behappy75003 Actually, the Indo European languages do not descend from Persian. They have a common ancestor. That is entirely different. PIE might've even originated from Ukraine.
Also, Iran isn't where human civilization starts. Far from it, the Iranians themselves were influenced heavily by the Indians and Africa has some of the first human civilizations and its earliest innovations. This also ignores that Iran is only one country in the Middle East. At that time, Assyria, Babylon, Egypt, the Canaanites and Aramaeans already developed some of the groundwork that the Persians would use for their Empire.
Honestly such a cool video, though I think Pouya could have picked some simpler ones too haha. It seemed like he didn't wanna have any terms that are too easy.
Good job Bahador and everyone. Many of the Pahlavi words and verbs still exist in kurdish, tati, baluchi and taleshi. For example "EZ" still exist in kurdish. Also we can find them in southern dialect of persian, like shirazi and bandari.
Please make more videos about this subject. Like any other language lover, I'm looking forward to your next video.
No we don't use "ez" for "I" in Bandari but "me".
Bandari is not a Persian dialect, its a Bashkardi-Garmsiri dialect closely related to Persian due to their SW Iranian root. Even though Bandari could be derived from Middle Persian, but it doesn't make it a dialect of New Persian.
@@amirkamali5301 در استان هرمزگان جنوب ایران گویش مینابی و گویش بندری و همچنین گویش رودباری که از شهر سندرکِ میناب سرچشمه گرفته است موجود است که در شهر های استان های دیگر مانند منوجان و قلعه گنج و کهنوج و فاریاب و جیرفت و .... شامل میشود. همه این گویش ها در زمان فرمان روایی ساسانیان وجود داشته که به نوعی شبیه گویش پارسی میانه هست
ما به گویش مینابی به من میگیم مِه، در گویش رودباری میناب هم میگن مُ
@@amirkamali5301 no i didn't mean that my friend, i said Pahlavis words exist in those areas. Please reread my statement
عالی بود
بهادر جان باعث افتخاره که این کلیپ ها رو میبینم. واقعا تاریخ و فرهنگ ایران یک چیزه جذاب و بی نهای هست که باید بهش افتخار کرد. تاریخ و ادبیات ما در دنیا به عنوان یکی از ارزش مند ترین ها ثپت نام شده. هممون باید به این مشهوریتمون افتخار کنیم. زنده باد!
Love middle Persian Pahlavi Parsig and how it sounds. We should throw foreign words from our language and get more from this language
excellent,,,,enjoyed and thank you 🙏🙏💚💚💚👏☺☺☺,,,,, my family language and that of our city is phahlavi or middle Persian 💚❤
You should do episode of language comparison beetween Chinese vs Latin
آفرین، زنده باد ❤️🌸
i would go on about writing a detailed erreta (e.g. how in pahlawi the ā sound is a long 'a' and not close to 'o' like in modern persian, or that the w sound is closer to a consonantal 'u' like how east afghans and arabs pronounce waw etc.) but the guy did a great job, and going into accurate phonetics would have made the thing even weirder for modern iranians..
i think the problem was that you selected sentences from old texts like mēnõg-i xrad and bundahišn that include not only ancient forms of words but ancient concepts too..
How do we know that short and long 'a' differ only in quantity instead of quality in middle persian ? But I agree, it seems more accurate.
@@antidweller6373 it can be deduced by comparative phonetic analysis, i.e. how common loanwords like names or culturally unique conceps (e.g. 'farsang/parasanga' etc.) are attested in other languages : )
Would be great to have a video on Sanskrit and Middle Persian, lots of cognates one would imagine..
Very interesting
To some extent I can understand it (words) sometime it gives similar meaning some time it gives related meaning like Nang (honour)
Graan (Difficult)
Karem/Kawom (Doing) [Present Continuous/ Present Indefinite and can also be used for Future just by adding Ba/bay/Bayed etc]
And many more words to write it here but the comment will become long to read.
Edit: Am a Pashtun
make sense because pashto has a lot of archaic features
Pashto is the language of terrorist Taliban
@@allahmuhammad225 For you it is ❤️
@@yousafdaudzai3078 My brother, do not listen to this fool. I am a farsizaban kabuli from Afghanistan, and i have studied pashto, such an amazing and unique language, although it was very hard for me 😭 😅
Interestingly in my native language Bandari spoken in southeastern Iran, we use 'kar' as a present stem for the Infinitive verb 'kerden' (to do).
Imperative verb: bekar
Negative form: makar
I will do = a-karom
I have to do = be-karom
I'm doing = a-kerd-am / a-kerden-om
I will not do = nā-karom
Wow amazing! I love and adore the Persian language and its history. Middle Persian actually has many Aramaic loanwords the way modern Persian has Arabic loanwords. Also interesting enough, the Middle Persian script was a derived from the Aramaic script. It's great to see the preservation of the language after so many centuries.
actually, most of those aramaic 'loanwords' are only used in writing: e.g. the verb 'to write' is written 'YKTYBWN-štn' where you can clearly see the distorted form of the root KTB but is pronounced 'nibištan'.. in contrast, new (and modern) persian incorporated loanwords from arabic into everyday speech like اسم (esm) or نظام (nezâm).
We also have Assyrian loanwords in our language (Armenian), such as patgam, maz, kahana, bib, karoz, khanut, Urbat, Shabat, Mashk, etc.
@@artasheskeshishyan4281 it's almost like the middle east is the birthplace and melting pot of different cultures.. oh wait it is < 3
it saddens me to no end to see it all go to waste in pointless religious and economic wars instead of growing and coexisting : (
@@bamdadkhan 💯
@@bamdadkhan Europe won't exist without middle East
I read a version of Karnamag i Ardashir which had both the English, and the romanized middle persian text and it's safe to say I understood well over half of the middle persian portion, maybe just a few words I didn't understand.
bahador sir, after the sentence guessed pls show all english translation of that sentence.. its easy to persian to understand the conversation due to accent but it is little bit difficult for other persons..
Bahador this video was awesome but our friend has chosen the weirdest Parsig texts. He could use "Karnamag e Ardaxshir" or "Andarze khusrawe Kavadan". Those texts have more texts of common scence. This all was pure zoroastrian text and talking about words that are not common today.
If he chose first paragraph of ''Karnamag e Ardaxshir" the persian speaking people would feel more connected to the language of theirs ancestors.
BTW the video was so good and I thank you for this.
Problem with the Karnameh is that it was written during the 9th century. Hence the text is in Late Middle Persian which is closer to New Persian.
@@dunkens9575 thanks
Would love to see a Ottoman Turkish and Present Turkish video.
An Ottoman and Persian video comparison would be cool too
I think it's the same just the script is different and some words were removed by Kemal Atatürk
88% of ottoman language was Persian and Arabic
Pahlavi definitely put the "I think therefore I am" ideal into reality.
Love this!
Just to make sure I understood correctly
Ez is similar to ich in German and man is similar to the accusative declension "mich" ?
yes
There were a lot of "Germanic" sounding words - shared ancient Indo-European roots?
بهادر جان عالی بود بازم درباره پارسی پهلوی ویدئو بسازید هنوز خیلیا نمیدونن که چقدر با زبان امروز نزدیکه و ما خیلی راحت میتونیم حتی جایگزین کنیم 🤗😍
I think Poya avoided actual simple sentences and he went straight to tough ones to make it interesting because so much of Middle Persian has remained exactly the same ... my guess is he probably wanted to avoid making it simple in case it gets boring 😂 So I'm impressed with Mahya and Naghmeh's ability to figure them out. It makes so much sense after you know the meaning 😂
Mahya is Muslim you should hate here.
@@hanak2159 Wtf
@@user-ju6ix1wd8j Well, he had some hate speech against Muslims before and that's why I say that to him. If he is really hates Muslim then why he admiring thus Muslim Hijabi. Big contradiction.
@@hanak2159 stop talking out of your ass lol
@@hanak2159 Not a contradiction. A person can despise an ideology without hating everyone who adheres to it.
sumamente interesante se puede entender me senti muy bien
Great topic. Audio is tough though.
It would be interesting to see this for more languages.
He did it with Old Turkish also
@Zakaria Ali indeed
Are you from Egypt?
خیلی از کلمات و واژه ها بر خلاف تصور ما که فکر میکنیم عربی هستن، کاملا ایرانی هستن و از ایران به اعراب داده شدن مثل کلمه خلیج که در عربی معنی براش ندارن چون واژه ایرانیه از فارسی میانه به معنی خل (کج، چیزی کج) و ایج به معنی کج راه آبی یا راه آبی کج پس اگرم چیزی باشه برعکس تصورماس
Is Xān a cognate of the Turkish Han? I know Ottoman inns/wayhouses for soldiers and messengers are called Hanovi (the ovi part just being a plural) in South Slavic countries.
Pls do this with old persian avestan as well!!!
*_The second seence I believe means:_*
*_Zoroaster is pleased with your deeds he told you_*
_(Middle Persian)_
PAD NĀM UD NĒRŌG UD AYĀRĪH Ī DĀDĀR
OHRMAZD I RĀYŌMAND Ī XWARRAHŌMAND.
NĀMĀZ Ō ĀSMĀH, SHĀHĀNSHAH!
_(English Translation)_
*IN THE NAME OF THE CREATOR*
*AHURA MAZDA* 𔓙 *THE GREAT AND NOBLE.*
*HOMAGE UPON THEE, KING OF KINGS!*
Salom az Samarqand ba hama man ham bisyor kalimaro fahmidam
I understood 90 percent of all the sentences as a native Iranian who lives in Iran speaks standard Persian !
I don't know why did they even struggled in some sentences ?! It was soo easy that it was as if they are struggling with understanding modern Persian !!!!
Perhaps they just forgot some Persian words since both of them are no longer in Iran (which is weird) Or perhaps they just couldn't find the right English equivalent of the words (which would explain why did they even max or struggled to understand at times)
Great job as always bahador ;)
I wonder why the grammer has changed so much. A lot of the words are the same as the modern persian, its mostly the positioning of the adjectives and verbs and nouns that is so different. But obviously a lot of words have been lost in time too. Cool video tho 👍
Dushman is definitely Iranic. in Kurdish Dimli (Zazaki) and Kurmanji it is Dishmin/Dijmin. Which translates "against me"
Are you Zaza?
@@ardeshirbabakan9034 We call ourselves Dimli. But we are known as "Zaza" yes.
@@sher7174 yes dilamans are from gilan originally
@@ardeshirbabakan9034 untrue. Daylamites are originally from around Mosul. Read ancient Christian and Jewish sources. They settled in Gilan.
@@sher7174 btw the kurds are IRANIAN
The interesting thing is Sassanian and Parthian languages are so similar that you can consider them almost as dialects of the same language. The further back you go in time the more similar the different Iranic tongues are. For example as mentioned in the video Sassanians used to use "Ez" for I which is typically Parthian and Northwest Iranic. And still exists in Kurdish dialects, Talysh and some East Iranic tongues.
"Ez" was a loanword in Middle Persian (maybe taken from Parthian), the correct equivalent of the Parthian/Northwestern Iranian "ez" in Middle Persian should have been "ed" (in Old Persian it was "Ed" / "Edem"), because "dz" changes to "d" in Southwestern Iranian/Persian languages.
@@kurdekibedin1347 This is false. MP. az/an is derived from OP. adam. Spirantisation of intervocalic /d/ is a feature of many Persian & Persid vernaculars in the Zagrus Mountains. For example, Classical Persian آدر (ādar) > Modern Persian آذر (āzar).
@@dunkens9575 you are wrong that spirantisation didnt exist in persian before islam it only happened because of arabic which had dh. if itd happened before then ramadhan would not be ramazan. and itd happened for later arabic words too.
thats the reason why its only azarbaijan in new persian and not in middle Persian.
@@kurdekibedin1347 what's initial s often voiced? I mean you are talking about a consonantal shift, not the change of phonology.
@@kurdekibedin1347 Correct this is also one of the reasons why I am a little skeptical about the "SW Iranic" classification of Sassanid. There are extremely many words in Sassanian which do not appear SW Iranic or derived from Old Persian. It's almost like Sassanian was a transitional language between Median and Old Persian.
I'm in love with that lady Naghmeh. She's so perfect. Beautiful, smart, and you can tell she's very nice and sweet.
از این سری بیشتر بسازین .مخصوصن پیدا کردن شباهتهای زبانهای ایرانی با اروپایی خیلی جالبه
بعضی قسمتاش واقعا سخت بود. افرین! شما باعث افتخار ما هستید بانوان پر استعداد ایران