The Neuroscience of Fear Conditioning
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- Опубликовано: 6 май 2024
- Fear conditioning is a psychological experiment that teaches the brain to fear a certain stimulus and physical environment. The neuroscience of fear conditioning helps explain how our brains learn to fear particular things and experiences. In the brain, it mainly involves the hippocampus, frontal lobes, and amygdala. This understanding is leading neuroscientists to discover new therapeutic approaches for anxiety disorders.
This video explores fear conditioning (and a related process called “fear extinction”), including how it works, the neural circuits responsible, and how this understanding is helping psychiatrists to treat anxiety.
Chapters
00:00 The neuroscience of fear conditioning helps explain how our brains learn to fear things
00:36 Fear Conditioning and Extinction
01:29 Unconditioned vs Conditioned Stimulus
01:50 The Freeze Response
02:32 Fear Extinction
03:27 Fear Conditioning Mechanisms in The Brain
08:50 Disrupting Fear Memories
11:25 Strengthening Extinction Memories in Human Clinical Fear Conditioning Paradigms
13:11 rTMS for anxiety?
14:10 Conclusion: Learn to Unlearn Your Fears
References:
1. Fear Conditioning | Behavioral and Functional Neuroscience Laboratory | Stanford Medicine
2. Eilam, D. (2005). Die hard: a blend of freezing and fleeing as a dynamic defense-implications for the control of defensive behavior. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 29(8), 1181-1191.
3. Fullana, M. A., Dunsmoor, J. E., Schruers, K. R. J., Savage, H. S., Bach, D. R., & Harrison, B. J. (2020). Human fear conditioning: From neuroscience to the clinic. Behaviour research and therapy, 124, 103528. www.sciencedirect.com/science...
4. Sapolsky, R. M. (2017). Behave: The biology of humans at our best and worst. Penguin.
5. Tovote, P., Esposito, M. S., Botta, P., Chaudun, F., Fadok, J. P., Markovic, M., ... & Lüthi, A. (2016). Midbrain circuits for defensive behaviour. Nature, 534(7606), 206-212. www.nature.com/articles/natur...
6. Maren, S., Phan, K. L., & Liberzon, I. (2013). The contextual brain: implications for fear conditioning, extinction and psychopathology. Nature reviews neuroscience, 14(6), 417-428. www.nature.com/articles/nrn34...
7. Fullana, M. A., Harrison, B. J., Soriano-Mas, C., Vervliet, B., Cardoner, N., Àvila-Parcet, A., & Radua, J. (2016). Neural signatures of human fear conditioning: an updated and extended meta-analysis of fMRI studies. Molecular psychiatry, 21(4), 500-508. www.nature.com/articles/mp201588
8. www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/g...
9. www.apa.org/ptsd-guideline/pa...
10. Hofmann, S. G. (2014). D-cycloserine for treating anxiety disorders: making good exposures better and bad exposures worse. Depression and anxiety, 31(3), 175. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
11. Raij, T., Nummenmaa, A., Marin, M. F., Porter, D., Furtak, S., Setsompop, K., & Milad, M. R. (2018). Prefrontal cortex stimulation enhances fear extinction memory in humans. Biological psychiatry, 84(2), 129-137. www.biologicalpsychiatryjourn...
12. Hoeffer, C. A., Cowansage, K. K., Arnold, E. C., Banko, J. L., Moerke, N. J., Rodriguez, R., ... & Klann, E. (2011). Inhibition of the interactions between eukaryotic initiation factors 4E and 4G impairs long-term associative memory consolidation but not reconsolidation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(8), 3383-3388. www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073...
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Thanks for your time and I hope you have a great day.
Andrew
#fearconditioning #neuroscience101 #anxietyrelief
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The weather triggers me to have debilitating pain/fatigue symptoms and I believe it’s a conditioned response but I don’t know how to extinguish it. I’m not consciously afraid of any weather and love rain.
This is very useful information, thanks for sharing
Fear Extinction.... my new mission TY🙏
Very well explained, thx
Thanks for checking it out.
Well done. Thank you
Thank you for checking it out!
Great job!
Thank you!
THank you
Thank you!
Magnificent!
Thank you!
good
Love this video! are you on audea? Most of my audio is consumed there and would appreciate the audio version of your content on that platform.
I’m not yet, but thank you for the suggestion! I’ll certainly look into it and see what I can do. We are on all major podcast platforms though!
How can this be applied regarding how fear, abuse, etc triggers the Vegus nerve whereby starting a negative or positive chain reaction of organ response activation?
Thanks for your question! Any thought or experience that triggers the fight or flight response (which is what I assume you mean by "chain reaction of organ response activation") will do so by activating the amygdala. Some of the therapeutic approaches I mentioned at the end of the video might be helpful for reducing that amygdala response, but that is something you should discuss with a mental health professional before trying it. Also, I have a video on the amygdala that might be of interest to you on this topic: ruclips.net/video/fXuZpMiSGHk/видео.html
Dude. Awesome Thumbnait!How did you get so good at it?
Haha thank you. I think I practice a lot and get lucky sometimes!
So informative! There's a lot of unconscious processes with fear. It would be cool if you did a video of the neuroscience of EMDR or clinical hypnosis treatment, but I'm biased 🤓
Thank you so much Liz! Those both sound super interesting! I'll have to read up 📖
That's exactly what I was thinking! Because those procedures seem to somehow dissociate stimuli from their emotional significance and that's not clearly understood
Great videos, thanks. Have you looked into the Havening Techniques? pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30598286/
Sir, How do i avoid or reduce fear renewal ? Suppose i learned to process th fear extinction but what about this fear renewal